The Innovation最新文献

Global water scarcity is an escalating issue, with billions of people facing severe water stress and limited access to water for extended periods each year. Climate change and increasing human demand are expected to exacerbate this problem in the coming decades. Reservoirs are critical for managing water resources, yet significant disparities exist between developed and developing countries. In developing regions, although total reservoir storage is increasing, the effectiveness of this storage is diminishing, as reflected in declining normalized storage levels. This indicates that these countries are becoming more vulnerable to water scarcity. In contrast, developed countries show more stable and efficient use of their water storage. The declining per-capita water storage across both developed and developing nations underscores the urgency of addressing water scarcity through improved reservoir management, enhanced conservation efforts, and alternative water sources, especially in regions with rapid population growth and limited resources.

Human skin exhibits extreme sensitivity to spatiotemporal contact events, especially important for dynamic interactions in human-machine interfaces. However, replicating non-invasive haptic feedback for dynamic interaction with a spatiotemporal resolution that matches the human somatosensory system remains challenging because the spatiotemporal design criteria of the haptic interface and the perception characteristic of human beings are not clearly understood. Here, we report a thin electrostatic-enhanced vibro-haptic interface constructed with piezoelectric actuator pixels driven by relativity low voltage, capable of being spatiotemporally programmed for wearable and noninvasive dynamic haptic interaction. Systematic psychophysical tests systematically reveal the relationship between the spatiotemporal parameters (duration, interval, delay, and two-point distance) and human perception characteristics (intensity, continuity, and pixel asynchronous activation perceptibility). Accordingly, wearable haptic music is designed to reproduce the smooth rhythmic beats on a finger (distinguishing accuracy of 95%). Moreover, we demonstrate the reproduction of virtual dynamic interactions, such as recognizing moving directions, textures, and action modes. This work provides clear criteria for designing vibro-haptic interfaces with high spatiotemporal resolution for both physical and virtual applications.

Profiling the thiol proteome in live cells is a critical yet challenging task for elucidating oxidative stress-related processes due to the scarcity of multifunctional probes that directly integrate fluorescence imaging with chemical proteomics. Here, we constructed a fluorescent, enrichable, and mass spectrometry-compatible probe based on fluorinated porphyrin, termed the FP probe. By eliminating the need for attaching separate reporter modules after probe labeling, the FP probe not only directly visualizes the thiol proteome in cells but also enables the visualization of thiol proteome enrichment for reliable site identification by mass spectrometry. This capability drives the development of a visualization-guided proteomics (VGP) workflow, which seamlessly merges fluorescence imaging with chemical proteomics. In addition, the FP probe demonstrated an advantage in the capture of cysteines with low solvent accessibility. We successfully identified Cys818 of AP2B1, a residue with a relative solvent accessible area of 0.02 that is sensitive to the protein interactions induced by diamide stress in live cells. Our probe may pave the way for the design of multifunctional probes and become an important tool for applications including target identification, drug discovery, and diagnostics.

This phase 3 trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of Firsekibart, a novel, fully human anti-interleukin-1β monoclonal antibody, in patients with frequent acute gout flares unsuitable for standard therapy. Patients were randomized (1:1, stratified by baseline pain visual analog scale [VAS]) to the Firsekibart (200 mg) or compound betamethasone (CB; 7 mg) group. Co-primary endpoints included change in pain intensity in the target joint at 72 h (non-inferiority testing) and time to first new flare within 12 weeks (superiority testing). The non-inferiority margin was 10 mm. The full analysis set included 311 patients (Firsekibart: N = 156; CB: N = 155). At 72 h, the least squares mean change in pain VAS scores from baseline was -57.09 mm (95% confidence interval [CI]: -60.08 to -54.10) for Firsekibart and -53.77 mm (95% CI: -56.77 to -50.77) for CB, with treatment difference of -3.32 mm (95% CI: -7.56 to 0.91), establishing non-inferiority. The median time to first new flare was not reached within 12 weeks in the Firsekibart group compared with 45.0 days (95% CI: 28.00 to 63.00) in the CB group. Firsekibart significantly reduced the risk of new flare by 90% vs. CB (hazard ratio: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.06 to 0.17; stratified log rank p < 0.0001). Efficacy was consistent across subgroups. Treatment-emergent adverse events occurred in 71.2% of Firsekibart-treated patients and 69.9% of those receiving CB. In conclusion, Firsekibart is effective and well tolerated for acute gout flares in patients unsuitable for standard therapy, demonstrating non-inferiority in rapid pain relief and significant superiority in preventing flare compared with CB.