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Lower RXRA and TFRC expression despite higher mineral and vitamin intake in diabetic pregnant women with pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence 低RXRA和TFRC表达尽管较高的矿物质和维生素摄入在糖尿病孕妇妊娠特异性尿失禁
Q3 Nursing Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.010
Sarah Maria Barneze Costa , Raghavendra Lakshmana Shetty Hallur , Matheus Naia Fioretto , João Paulo de Castro Marcondes , Igor de Carvalho Deprá , Camila Renata Corrêa , Danielle Cristina Honorio França , David Rafael Abreu Reyes , Sérgio Luis Felisbino , Angélica Mércia Pascon Barbosa , Marilza Cunha Vieira Rudge

Background

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pregnancy-specific urinary incontinence (PSUI) pose significant health challenges for pregnant women, but their metabolic and molecular underpinnings remain poorly understood.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, 1,105 participants from the DIAMATER cohort were categorized based on GDM and PSUI status. Dietary intake of iron, magnesium, zinc, and vitamins A and D was assessed through dietary recalls, while serum levels, gene expression (MTF1, RXRA, TFRC, TRPM6), and protein expression were analyzed using standard techniques. Oxidative stress markers were also measured.

Results

GDM-PSUI participants exhibited lower RXRA and TFRC gene expression and decreased TFRC protein levels despite higher intake of magnesium, zinc, and vitamin D compared to GDM controls without PSUI. Serum mineral levels and oxidative stress markers did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusions

Lower RXRA and TFRC expression in GDM-PSUI women, despite increased mineral and vitamin intake, suggests potential molecular targets for interventions aimed at improving management strategies in this population.
妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)和妊娠期尿失禁(PSUI)对孕妇的健康构成了重大挑战,但其代谢和分子基础尚不清楚。方法在这项横断面研究中,来自DIAMATER队列的1105名参与者根据GDM和PSUI状态进行分类。通过饮食回顾评估膳食中铁、镁、锌、维生素A和D的摄入量,同时使用标准技术分析血清水平、基因表达(MTF1、RXRA、TFRC、TRPM6)和蛋白质表达。氧化应激标志物也被测量。结果与没有PSUI的GDM对照组相比,GDM-PSUI参与者尽管摄入了更多的镁、锌和维生素D,但RXRA和TFRC基因表达较低,TFRC蛋白水平也较低。血清矿物质水平和氧化应激标志物组间无显著差异。结论GDM-PSUI女性尽管矿物质和维生素摄入量增加,但RXRA和TFRC表达较慢,这提示了改善该人群管理策略的潜在分子干预靶点。
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引用次数: 0
Prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition in complex chronic outpatients 复杂慢性门诊患者营养不良患病率及营养不良风险
Q3 Nursing Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.006
M. Lecha , C. Vaqué-Crusellas , A. Peñalva-Arigita , R. Prats , A. Sansano , D. Rubira , M. Albareda , L. Vila

Background

The prevalence of disease-related malnutrition (DRM) among Chronic Patients with Complex Needs (CPCN), (a population characterised by multimorbidity, functional decline, and frequent health and social needs), remains poorly established in hospital outpatients settings. These individuals, often older and frail, are presumed to be at higher risk of suffering malnutrition. The Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), validated for use in older and frail adults, identifies individuals who are malnourished as well as those at risk of malnutrition (RM).

Objectives

1. To determine the prevalence of DRM and RM in CPCN outpatients. 2. To analyse the association between DRM and RM and a set of clinical, dietary, and social factors relevant to this population.

Methods

Single-centre observational study conducted over a cross-sectional period (June 2022–January 2023). Consecutive sampling was used from the CPCN outpatient registry, a clinical listing used to monitor patients receiving specialised chronic care follow-up. Inclusion criteria: outpatients, ≥18 years, CPCN, life expectancy ≥1 year, living at home. Exclusion criteria: enteral nutrition, dementia GDS ≥5. Variables: gender, age, nutritional status (MNA), education, living alone/accompanied, risk of dysphagia (EAT-10), dental status, adherence to Mediterranean diet (MEDAS), exercise time (walking ≥30 minutes or other similar exercise) and quality of life (EuroQoL).

Results

N=340 patients. Mean age=80.8 years (SD 6.6), 51% female. Ninety percent had only primary education or non, and 23.5% lived alone. Quality of life had a mean score of 61/100 (SD: 17.3). Risk of dysphagia found in 20.6% and 38.2% had missing teeth or teeth in poor condition. While 66.8% adhered correctly to the Mediterranean diet, 55% did not exercise regularly. The prevalence of RM was 31.7% (95% CI: 31.2 to 32.3) with 10.9% being malnourished (95% CI: 10.3 to 11.46). In the multivariate analysis, RM was independently associated with being female (OR: 1.894; 95% CI: 1.102–3.255; P=0.021), the presence of risk of dysphagia (OR: 2.375; 95% CI: 1.241–4.545; P=0.009), teeth in poor condition (OR: 2.897; 95% CI: 1.609–5.217; P<0.001) and non-adherence to the Mediterranean diet (OR: 3.595; 95% CI: 2.034–6.354; P<0.001). The DRM was independently associated with being the presence of risk of dysphagia (OR: 2.722; 95% CI: 1.127–6.573; P=0.026) and non-adherence to the Mediterranean diet (OR: 4.428; 95% CI: 2.005–9.781; P<0.001).

Conclusions

There is a high prevalence of CPCN with DRM and RM in the outpatient setting. The results reinforce the need to establish nutritional strategies aimed at improving eating habits and nutritional status in this vulnerable group of people.
背景:在有复杂需求的慢性患者(CPCN)中,疾病相关营养不良(DRM)的患病率(以多种疾病、功能衰退和频繁的健康和社会需求为特征的人群),在医院门诊环境中仍然不太确定。这些人往往年老体弱,被认为有较高的营养不良风险。迷你营养评估(MNA),验证用于老年人和虚弱的成年人,识别营养不良的个体以及营养不良风险(RM)的个体。目的了解CPCN门诊患者DRM和RM的患病率。2. 分析DRM和RM与该人群相关的一系列临床、饮食和社会因素之间的关系。方法:横断面单中心观察研究(2022年6月- 2023年1月)。连续抽样从CPCN门诊登记处使用,临床清单用于监测接受专门慢性护理随访的患者。纳入标准:门诊患者,≥18岁,CPCN,预期寿命≥1年,住在家里。排除标准:肠内营养,痴呆GDS≥5。变量:性别、年龄、营养状况(MNA)、受教育程度、独居/陪伴、吞咽困难风险(ate -10)、牙齿状况、坚持地中海饮食(MEDAS)、运动时间(步行≥30分钟或其他类似运动)和生活质量(EuroQoL)。ResultsN = 340病人。平均年龄80.8岁(SD 6.6),女性占51%。90%的人只受过初等教育或没有受过初等教育,23.5%的人独居。生活质量平均得分为61/100 (SD: 17.3)。20.6%的人有吞咽困难的风险,38.2%的人牙齿缺失或牙齿状况不佳。66.8%的人坚持正确的地中海饮食,55%的人不经常锻炼。RM患病率为31.7% (95% CI: 31.2 - 32.3), 10.9%为营养不良(95% CI: 10.3 - 11.46)。在多变量分析中,RM与女性独立相关(OR: 1.894;95% ci: 1.102-3.255;P=0.021),存在吞咽困难的风险(OR: 2.375;95% ci: 1.241-4.545;P=0.009),牙齿状况较差(OR: 2.897;95% ci: 1.609-5.217;p < 0.001)和不坚持地中海饮食(OR: 3.595;95% ci: 2.034-6.354;术中,0.001)。DRM与存在吞咽困难风险独立相关(OR: 2.722;95% ci: 1.127-6.573;P=0.026)和不坚持地中海饮食(OR: 4.428;95% ci: 2.005-9.781;术中,0.001)。结论门诊CPCN合并DRM和RM的发生率较高。研究结果表明,有必要制定营养战略,改善这一弱势群体的饮食习惯和营养状况。
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引用次数: 0
Validity of NRS-2002, MUST, MST, and MNA-SF as first-step screening tools for malnutrition based on GLIM criteria in older adults NRS-2002、MUST、MST和MNA-SF作为老年人基于GLIM标准的营养不良第一步筛查工具的有效性
Q3 Nursing Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.008
Xuan Le Thi Thanh , Phuong Duong Thi , Huong Le Thi , Toi Phung Lam , Dung Nguyen Quang , Lan Nguyen Thi Huong , Thuc Luu Thi My , Hong Nguyen Thi Thuy

Background

According to the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM), screening for malnutrition risk using a validated tool is the first essential step in the diagnostic process. This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of four commonly used tools - Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form (MNA-SF), Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST), and Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST) as a first-step screening instrument for hospitalized older adults according to the GLIM criteria.

Methods

A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 hospitalized elderly patients at Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Vietnam, between September and December 2023. Nutritional risk was screened at admission using MNA-SF, NRS-2002, MST, and MUST. Malnutrition was diagnosed using GLIM criteria and full MNA.

Results

Of the 200 patients, malnutrition risk or malnutrition was identified in 65.0% by MNA-SF, 45.0% by MST, 45.5% by MUST, and 45.0% by NRS-2002. According to full MNA, 58.5% of patients were at risk of malnutrition, and the prevalence of malnutrition based on GLIM criteria (without prior screening) was 54.0%. Using different screening tools as the first step for GLIM, MNA-SF showed the best performance (sensitivity: 100%, specificity: 82.9%, AUC: 0.91), followed by MUST (AUC: 0.88), NRS-2002 (AUC: 0.87), and MST (AUC: 0.83). Agreement with GLIM-defined malnutrition was high for all tools (Cohen's kappa: 0.81–0.95), with the highest for NRS-2002 (kappa = 0.93).

Conclusions

All four screening tools showed good diagnostic performance for detecting malnutrition based on GLIM criteria. Among them, MNA-SF showed the highest accuracy, making it the most effective first-step tool for screening and detecting malnutrition in elderly hospitalized patients based on the GLIM criteria.
根据全球营养不良领导倡议(GLIM),使用经过验证的工具筛查营养不良风险是诊断过程中必不可少的第一步。本研究旨在比较四种常用工具的诊断性能——迷你营养评估简表(MNA-SF)、营养风险筛查2002 (NRS-2002)、营养不良筛查工具(MST)和营养不良通用筛查工具(MUST)作为住院老年人根据GLIM标准的第一步筛查工具。方法对2023年9月至12月在越南河内医科大学医院住院的200例老年患者进行前瞻性横断面研究。入院时使用MNA-SF、NRS-2002、MST和MUST筛查营养风险。使用GLIM标准和全MNA诊断营养不良。结果200例患者中,MNA-SF、MST、MUST和NRS-2002分别有65.0%、45.0%、45.5%和45.0%存在营养不良风险。根据完全MNA, 58.5%的患者有营养不良的风险,而根据GLIM标准(未经事先筛查)的营养不良患病率为54.0%。使用不同的筛选工具作为GLIM的第一步,MNA-SF表现最佳(灵敏度为100%,特异性为82.9%,AUC为0.91),其次是MUST (AUC为0.88)、NRS-2002 (AUC为0.87)和MST (AUC为0.83)。所有工具与格雷姆定义的营养不良的一致性都很高(Cohen的kappa: 0.81-0.95),最高的是NRS-2002 (kappa = 0.93)。结论4种筛查工具均能较好地诊断GLIM标准下的营养不良。其中MNA-SF准确率最高,是基于GLIM标准筛选和检测老年住院患者营养不良的最有效的第一步工具。
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引用次数: 0
Corrigendum to “Are ultra-processed plant-based meats better than the alternative?” [Clin Nutr Open Sci 61 (2025) 241–252] “超加工的植物性肉类比替代品更好吗?”[临床医学开放科学61 (2025)241-252]
Q3 Nursing Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.005
Michael Greger
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引用次数: 0
The prevalence of behavioral non- communicable diseases risk factors among black Africans in peri-urban community in South Africa 南非近郊非洲黑人行为性非传染性疾病危险因素的流行
Q3 Nursing Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.009
Sifundile Zamazulu Maphumulo , Gerrit Jan Breukelman , Brandon Shaw , Ina Shaw

Background

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of mortality in South Africa, with their burden influenced by lifestyle, living conditions, ethnicity, and gender.

Methods

A cross-sectional study (N=100; n=50 males, n=50 females; mean age 25.15 ± 5.98) followed the WHO STEPwise approach which ensured systematic data collection. Standardized self-reported questionnaires were used to gather data on key behavioural risk factors, including tobacco use, physical activity, and dietary behaviours. The data collection was conducted over a four-month period, during which participants first completed qualitative questionnaires to provide insights into their lifestyle behaviours.

Results

Physical inactivity emerged as the most prevalent risk factor (20%), followed by tobacco use (17%) and poor nutrition (14%). Smoking rates were significantly higher among males compared to females (26% vs. 8%; P = 0.04), and among younger participants (≤25 years) compared to older ones (24.56% vs. 6.97%; P = 0.01). Poor nutrition was also more common in younger individuals (P = 0.05). While females reported lower smoking rates, they exhibited higher levels of physical inactivity than males (23% vs. 14%).

Conclusion

The findings highlight the persistent prevalence of modifiable behavioural risk factors for NCDs among young adults in South Africa, with distinct age and gender-related patterns. Targeted interventions addressing physical inactivity, tobacco use, and poor nutrition, particularly among males and younger individuals, are essential for reducing the long-term burden of NCDs. Gender-sensitive and age-specific public health strategies may improve lifestyle behaviours and contribute to more effective NCD prevention.
背景非传染性疾病(NCDs)是南非死亡的主要原因,其负担受生活方式、生活条件、种族和性别的影响。方法横断面研究(N=100;N =50男性,N =50女性;平均年龄(25.15±5.98),采用WHO STEPwise方法,确保了数据的系统性收集。标准化的自我报告问卷用于收集关键行为风险因素的数据,包括烟草使用、身体活动和饮食行为。数据收集在四个月的时间内进行,在此期间,参与者首先完成定性问卷,以了解他们的生活方式行为。结果缺乏身体活动是最常见的危险因素(20%),其次是吸烟(17%)和营养不良(14%)。男性吸烟率明显高于女性(26%比8%;P = 0.04),年轻参与者(≤25岁)与年长参与者相比(24.56% vs. 6.97%;P = 0.01)。营养不良在年轻人中也更为常见(P = 0.05)。虽然女性的吸烟率较低,但她们比男性表现出更高的身体活动水平(23%比14%)。结论:研究结果强调了南非年轻人中可改变的非传染性疾病行为风险因素的持续流行,具有明显的年龄和性别相关模式。针对缺乏身体活动、吸烟和营养不良的有针对性干预措施,特别是针对男性和年轻人的干预措施,对于减轻非传染性疾病的长期负担至关重要。对性别问题有敏感认识和针对年龄的公共卫生战略可改善生活方式行为,有助于更有效地预防非传染性疾病。
{"title":"The prevalence of behavioral non- communicable diseases risk factors among black Africans in peri-urban community in South Africa","authors":"Sifundile Zamazulu Maphumulo ,&nbsp;Gerrit Jan Breukelman ,&nbsp;Brandon Shaw ,&nbsp;Ina Shaw","doi":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a leading cause of mortality in South Africa, with their burden influenced by lifestyle, living conditions, ethnicity, and gender.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study (N=100; n=50 males, n=50 females; mean age 25.15 ± 5.98) followed the WHO STEPwise approach which ensured systematic data collection. Standardized self-reported questionnaires were used to gather data on key behavioural risk factors, including tobacco use, physical activity, and dietary behaviours. The data collection was conducted over a four-month period, during which participants first completed qualitative questionnaires to provide insights into their lifestyle behaviours.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Physical inactivity emerged as the most prevalent risk factor (20%), followed by tobacco use (17%) and poor nutrition (14%). Smoking rates were significantly higher among males compared to females (26% vs. 8%; <em>P</em> = 0.04), and among younger participants (≤25 years) compared to older ones (24.56% vs. 6.97%; <em>P</em> = 0.01). Poor nutrition was also more common in younger individuals (<em>P</em> = 0.05). While females reported lower smoking rates, they exhibited higher levels of physical inactivity than males (23% vs. 14%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings highlight the persistent prevalence of modifiable behavioural risk factors for NCDs among young adults in South Africa, with distinct age and gender-related patterns. Targeted interventions addressing physical inactivity, tobacco use, and poor nutrition, particularly among males and younger individuals, are essential for reducing the long-term burden of NCDs. Gender-sensitive and age-specific public health strategies may improve lifestyle behaviours and contribute to more effective NCD prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36134,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Nutrition Open Science","volume":"63 ","pages":"Pages 55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A comparison of feeding practices of caregivers of infants aged 0–6 months residing in urban and rural areas of Limpopo province, South Africa 南非林波波省城市和农村地区0-6个月婴儿看护人喂养做法的比较
Q3 Nursing Pub Date : 2025-07-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.007
M.S. Makwela , E. Maimela , C.B. Ntimana , R.G. Mashaba , M.M. Bopape

Background

Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates in South Africa have remained low for nearly two decades, with 7% in 2003 and 12% in 2008. While the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey (SADHS) reported an increase to 32% for infants aged 0–5 months, data on breastfeeding practices in urban and rural areas remain limited. Hence, the study aimed to compare feeding practices of caregivers of infants aged 0–6 months residing in urban and rural areas of Limpopo Province, South Africa.

Methodology

This was a cross-sectional, facility-based quantitative study. Convenient sampling was used to select 146 caregivers. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analysed using SPSS version 29. Chi-square test was applied to determine the relationship at a 95% confidence interval, where a P-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results

The prevalence of EBF was higher in caregivers residing in rural areas (41% versus 39%), while mixed feeding was prevalent in urban areas (56% versus 52%). Meanwhile, the proposition of mixed feeding increased with the increase in the age of the infants. There was no significant difference in both groups in terms of as age of the caregivers, level of education, home language, and employment status. Breastfeeding practices improve with increasing age of the caregivers.

Conclusions

Caregivers who reside in urban areas tend to practice EBF less compared to those in rural areas. Interventions to promote EBF should focus on women living in urban areas. Breastfeeding increases with the increasing age of the caregivers, therefore, educational interventions that focus on best infant feeding practice, including EBF and misconceptions around EBF, should be implemented with a special focus on younger caregivers.
近二十年来,南非的纯母乳喂养率一直很低,2003年为7%,2008年为12%。尽管2016年南非人口与健康调查(SADHS)报告,0-5个月婴儿的母乳喂养率上升至32%,但城市和农村地区母乳喂养做法的数据仍然有限。因此,该研究旨在比较居住在南非林波波省城市和农村地区的0-6个月婴儿看护人的喂养做法。方法:这是一项横断面、基于设施的定量研究。采用方便抽样法,选取146名护理人员。使用结构化问卷收集数据,并使用SPSS 29版进行分析。采用卡方检验在95%置信区间内确定关系,其中p值为<;0.05认为具有统计学意义。结果EBF在农村地区的患病率较高(41%比39%),而混合喂养在城市地区普遍存在(56%比52%)。同时,混合喂养的主张随着婴儿年龄的增加而增加。两组在照顾者的年龄、受教育程度、家庭语言和就业状况方面无显著差异。母乳喂养做法随着照顾者年龄的增加而改善。结论居住在城市地区的护理人员比居住在农村地区的护理人员更少进行EBF。促进EBF的干预措施应侧重于生活在城市地区的妇女。母乳喂养随着照顾者年龄的增长而增加,因此,应将重点放在最佳婴儿喂养实践上的教育干预措施,包括EBF和有关EBF的误解,应特别关注年轻的照顾者。
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引用次数: 0
Measured versus predicted resting metabolic rate in patients hospitalised due to a diabetic foot ulcer: a prospective observational cohort study 糖尿病足溃疡住院患者静息代谢率的测量与预测:一项前瞻性观察队列研究
Q3 Nursing Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.003
Lora Van Loenhout , Eline Snijders , Anne-Sophie Vercammen , Kristof Van Dessel , An Verrijken , Patrick Lauwers , Eveline Dirinck
<div><h3>Background & Aims</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the eventual discrepancy between predicted resting metabolic rate (p-RMR) using equations (Harris-Benedict (HB), Mifflin-St. Jeor (MSJ), World Health Organization (WHO), Cunningham (CU), Lührmann (LU) and Owen) and the gold standard of the measured resting metabolic rate (m-RMR) using indirect calorimetry (IC), in patients admitted to the Antwerp University Hospital (UZA) with a diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Secondly, the impact of nutritional status on this discrepancy was assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective observational cohort study recruited patients admitted to the UZA due to a DFU from November 1st, 2021, to June 30th, 2023. A thorough nutritional assessment (nutritional questionnaires, anthropometry and bio-electrical impedance analysis) was performed upon admission. The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria were used to diagnose malnutrition. On admission, daily caloric requirements were measured by IC and predicted using six equations (MSJ, HB, WHO, CU, LU and Owen). Data were analysed using paired t-tests and Bland-Altman plots to assess statistically significant and clinically significant (>150 kcal/day) differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 59 subjects were enrolled in this study, including 46 men (78%). Patients included had a median age of 74 (38–90) years, had diabetes for 21±15 years and had a median Body Mass Index (BMI) of 27,1 kg/m<sup>2</sup>. Fifty-four percent were malnourished on admission. The mean m-RMR using IC was 1570±290 kcal/day while the mean p-RMR were 1584±241 kcal/day (MSJ), 1625±263 kcal/day (HB), 1685±210 kcal/day (WHO), 1596±203 kcal/day (CU), 1666±249 kcal/day (LU) and 1525±222 kcal/day (Owen). The WHO equation overestimated the m-RMR to the greatest extent (+115±213 kcal/day; <em>P</em><0,001), followed by the Lührmann equation (+96±229 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,002). The equation most precisely predicting the m-RMR values was the MSJ equation (+14±213 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,610). The MSJ, WHO and Owen equations differed on average more from the m-RMR in patients who were malnourished (MSJ: +24±212 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,523) (WHO: +137±217 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,001) (Owen: -63±217 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,109) than in patients who were normally fed (MSJ: +2±218 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,955) (WHO: +90±211 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,036) (Owen: -23±188 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,524). For the HB, CU and LU equations, the p-RMR differed on average more from the m-RMR in patients who were normally fed (HB: +57±216 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,185) (CU: +42±189 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,261) (LU: +96±229 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,038) than in malnourished patients (HB: +54±218 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,174) (CU: +12±216 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,760) (LU: +96±232 kcal/day; <em>P</em>=0,027). For all equations, a subset of patients (WHO: 27/59; HB: 28/59; MSJ: 25/59; Owen: 22/59; CU: 20/59; LU: 28/59) e
背景,目的本研究旨在评估使用方程(Harris-Benedict (HB), Mifflin-St.;Jeor (MSJ),世界卫生组织(WHO), Cunningham (CU), l hrmann (LU)和Owen)和使用间接量热法(IC)测量静息代谢率(m-RMR)的金标准,在安特卫普大学医院(UZA)住院的糖尿病足溃疡(DFU)患者中。其次,评估了营养状况对这一差异的影响。方法本前瞻性观察队列研究招募了2021年11月1日至2023年6月30日期间因DFU入院的UZA患者。入院时进行全面的营养评估(营养问卷、人体测量和生物电阻抗分析)。全球营养不良领导倡议(GLIM)标准被用于诊断营养不良。入院时,每日热量需求由IC测量,并使用六个方程(MSJ, HB, WHO, CU, LU和Owen)进行预测。采用配对t检验和Bland-Altman图对数据进行分析,以评估统计学显著性和临床显著性(150 kcal/day)差异。结果共纳入59例受试者,其中男性46例(78%)。纳入的患者中位年龄为74(38-90)岁,患有糖尿病21±15年,中位体重指数(BMI)为27.1 kg/m2。54%的人在入院时营养不良。使用IC的平均m-RMR为1570±290 kcal/day,而平均p-RMR为1584±241 kcal/day (MSJ), 1625±263 kcal/day (HB), 1685±210 kcal/day (WHO), 1596±203 kcal/day (CU), 1666±249 kcal/day (LU)和1525±222 kcal/day (Owen)。WHO公式最大程度高估了m-RMR(+115±213千卡/天;P<0,001),其次是l hrmann方程(+96±229 kcal/day;P = 0002)。最能准确预测m-RMR值的方程是MSJ方程(+14±213 kcal/day;P = 0610)。营养不良患者的MSJ、WHO和Owen方程与m-RMR的平均差异更大(MSJ: +24±212 kcal/day;P= 0.523) (WHO: +137±217千卡/天;P= 0.001)(欧文:-63±217千卡/天;(MSJ: +2±218 kcal/day;P=0,955) (WHO: +90±211千卡/天;P= 0.036)(欧文:-23±188千卡/天;P = 0524)。对于HB, CU和LU方程,正常喂养患者的p-RMR与m-RMR的平均差异更大(HB: +57±216 kcal/天;P=0,185) (CU: +42±189 kcal/day;P=0,261) (LU: +96±229千卡/天;P= 0.038)比营养不良患者(HB: +54±218 kcal/天;P=0,174) (CU: +12±216 kcal/day;P=0,760) (LU: +96±232千卡/天;P = 0027)。对于所有方程,一部分患者(WHO: 27/59;HB: 28/59;MSJ: 25/59;欧文:22/59;铜:20/59;LU: 28/59)超过了预定的150 kcal/day的临床显著阈值。结论在入院的DFU患者中,MSJ、HB、WHO、CU和LU方程高估了m-RMR,而Owen方程低估了使用IC的m-RMR。在这些方程中,MSJ似乎是最合适的。本研究中超过50%的患者在入院时营养不良,预测方程在营养不良患者中不太可靠。需要进一步的高质量设计研究来评估营养不良患者中这些预测方程之间的差异,因为这些患者最需要精确的营养治疗。
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引用次数: 0
The energy requirement after ICU discharge and strategies to improve nutritional adequacy ICU出院后的能量需求及改善营养充足性的策略
Q3 Nursing Pub Date : 2025-07-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.004
Marialaura Scarcella , Luca D’Alessandro , Emidio Scarpellini , Ludovico Abenavoli , Ioannis Alexandros , Edoardo De Robertis , Antonella Cotoia
The transition from intensive care unit (ICU) to general wards marks a critical juncture in the recovery of critically ill patients, characterized by persistently high metabolic demands and vulnerability to malnutrition. Despite growing awareness of the importance of nutrition during this phase, there is a significant evidence gap regarding specific energy and protein requirements post-ICU discharge. This review explores the current recommendations and literature on energy and protein provision in ICU survivors, highlighting the complexity of post-ICU nutritional needs driven by hypermetabolism, physical rehabilitation, and the presence of anabolic resistance in older and frail patients. The inadequacy of nutritional intake in post-ICU settings is consistently reported, particularly among patients relying solely on oral nutrition. Barriers such as appetite dysregulation, dysphagia, post-intensive care syndrome, and systemic issues including rigid food service structures further compromise recovery. Innovative strategies, including the use of indirect calorimetry, targeted supplementation, and personalized nutritional interventions, are essential to bridge this “nutritional gap.” This review underscores the need for structured post-ICU nutritional care pathways, interdisciplinary coordination, and continued research to define evidence-based targets for energy and protein intake during convalescence.
从重症监护病房(ICU)到普通病房的过渡标志着危重患者康复的关键时刻,其特点是持续的高代谢需求和易患营养不良。尽管人们越来越意识到营养在这一阶段的重要性,但在icu出院后的特定能量和蛋白质需求方面存在显著的证据差距。这篇综述探讨了目前关于ICU幸存者能量和蛋白质供应的建议和文献,强调了ICU后营养需求的复杂性,由高代谢、身体康复和老年和体弱患者合成代谢抵抗的存在驱动。在icu后的环境中,营养摄入不足的情况一直有报道,特别是在仅依赖口服营养的患者中。诸如食欲失调、吞咽困难、重症监护后综合症以及包括僵化的食品服务结构在内的系统性问题等障碍进一步损害了康复。创新策略,包括使用间接量热法、有针对性的补充和个性化的营养干预,对于弥合这一“营养鸿沟”至关重要。本综述强调需要结构化的icu后营养护理途径、跨学科协调和持续研究,以确定康复期间能量和蛋白质摄入的循证目标。
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引用次数: 0
Dietary risk factors for inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis 炎症性肠病的饮食危险因素:系统回顾和荟萃分析
Q3 Nursing Pub Date : 2025-07-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.001
K. Mallon , C. McBride , C. O’Morain , G.A. Doherty , R. Burns

Background

Existing evidence indicates that diet is a modifiable risk factor for IBD. However, data on certain nutrients, food groups and individual food items and their associations with IBD is still lacking. This review aims to systematically assess which dietary factors are associated with the onset of IBD.

Method

Computerised bibliographic searches of Ovid MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Cochrane Methodology Register) were conducted. Studies were included if they were case-control, cohort studies or randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the association between dietary risk factors and onset of IBD and if they included patients with a diagnosis of IBD (including Crohn's Disease [CD] and/or Ulcerative Colitis [UC]), defined and measured according to clinical symptoms, endoscopy, and histology. Summary relative risks (RRs) were calculated using random effects models to provide risk estimates for the associations between dietary factors and IBD.

Results

Twenty eligible studies were identified and included in the systematic review and meta-analysis, encompassing 10 case-control and 10 cohort studies, with no RCTs identified. A total of 4,332 patients with IBD were included (1554 CD; 2550 UC; 225 IBD; 3 IBD unclassified [IBDU]). Nine significant predictors of IBD risk were identified. Pooled analysis highlighted a decreased risk of overall IBD was associated with high intakes of fruit (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.45–0.96), vegetables (RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.19–0.78), carbohydrates (RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51–0.89), rice (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.32–0.97), milk (RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.25–0.62), dairy (RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.38–0.97), vitamin C (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.35–0.96) and vitamin D (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.46–0.97). High protein intake was associated with a 4.1-fold (RR 4.07, 95% CI 1.51–6.62) increased risk of IBD.

Conclusion

This systematic review and meta-analysis highlights the potential role of diet as a modifiable risk factor for IBD. From a patient management perspective, our results may aid clinicians and dietary practitioners in guiding dietary interventions and modifications, particularly in those at a high-risk of developing the disease. Moreover, our results provide novel data on specific food items and vitamins which may confer a protective effect against IBD, of which evidence has previously been lacking.
现有证据表明,饮食是可改变的IBD危险因素。然而,关于某些营养素、食物组和个别食物及其与IBD的关系的数据仍然缺乏。本综述旨在系统地评估哪些饮食因素与IBD的发病有关。方法计算机检索Ovid MEDLINE、Web of Science和Cochrane图书馆(Cochrane系统评价数据库、Cochrane中央对照试验登记册(Central)、Cochrane方法学登记册)的书目。研究纳入病例对照、队列研究或随机对照试验(RCTs),调查饮食危险因素与IBD发病之间的关系,并纳入诊断为IBD(包括克罗恩病[CD]和/或溃疡性结肠炎[UC])的患者,根据临床症状、内窥镜检查和组织学定义和测量。使用随机效应模型计算总结相对风险(rr),以提供饮食因素与IBD之间关联的风险估计。结果20项符合条件的研究被纳入系统评价和荟萃分析,包括10项病例对照研究和10项队列研究,未发现随机对照试验。共有4332例IBD患者被纳入研究(1554例CD;2550年加州大学;225炎症性肠病;3 IBD未分类[IBDU])。确定了IBD风险的9个重要预测因素。综合分析强调,总体IBD风险降低与大量摄入水果(RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.45-0.96)、蔬菜(RR 0.48, 95% CI 0.19-0.78)、碳水化合物(RR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51-0.89)、大米(RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.32-0.97)、牛奶(RR 0.43, 95% CI 0.25-0.62)、乳制品(RR 0.67, 95% CI 0.38-0.97)、维生素C (RR 0.65, 95% CI 0.35-0.96)和维生素D (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.46-0.97)有关。高蛋白摄入与IBD风险增加4.1倍(RR 4.07, 95% CI 1.51-6.62)相关。结论:本系统综述和荟萃分析强调了饮食作为IBD可改变危险因素的潜在作用。从患者管理的角度来看,我们的研究结果可以帮助临床医生和饮食从业者指导饮食干预和调整,特别是在那些发展为疾病的高风险人群中。此外,我们的研究结果提供了关于特定食物和维生素可能对IBD具有保护作用的新数据,这是以前缺乏的证据。
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引用次数: 0
The prognostic role of malnutrition in pulmonary hypertension 营养不良对肺动脉高压预后的影响
Q3 Nursing Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2025.07.002
Arif Albulushi , Morgan Newlun , Amanda Sooter , Lauren Grieb , Radha Kanneganti Perue

Background

Malnutrition is a common yet underrecognized comorbidity in pulmonary hypertension (PH) and may adversely affect patient outcomes. This study evaluated the prognostic impact of malnutrition in PH patients.

Methods

A retrospective cohort of 350 PH patients treated at a U.S. tertiary center between January 2017 and December 2023 was analyzed. Patients were stratified into four groups based on nutritional status. Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier estimates and multivariable Cox regression identified predictors of mortality.

Results

Of the 350 patients, 22.8% had severe malnutrition, which was significantly associated with lower median survival (18 vs. 36 months, P < 0.01). In adjusted models, severe malnutrition independently predicted increased mortality (HR: 2.5; 95% CI: 1.8–3.6; P < 0.01). Other predictors included age (HR: 1.03), NYHA class III-IV (HR: 1.8), elevated pulmonary arterial pressure (HR: 1.05), low serum albumin (HR: 0.6), and comorbidities (HR: 1.4).

Conclusion

Severe malnutrition is a strong, independent predictor of mortality in PH patients. Routine nutritional assessment and early intervention may improve survival and clinical outcomes in this high-risk population.
背景:营养不良是肺动脉高压(PH)常见但未被充分认识的合并症,并可能对患者预后产生不利影响。本研究评估了营养不良对PH患者预后的影响。方法对2017年1月至2023年12月在美国三级医疗中心治疗的350例PH患者进行回顾性队列分析。根据营养状况将患者分为四组。生存分析使用Kaplan-Meier估计和多变量Cox回归确定了死亡率的预测因子。结果在350例患者中,22.8%患有严重营养不良,这与中位生存期较低(18个月vs. 36个月,P <;0.01)。在调整后的模型中,严重营养不良独立预测死亡率增加(风险比:2.5;95% ci: 1.8-3.6;P & lt;0.01)。其他预测因素包括年龄(HR: 1.03)、NYHA III-IV级(HR: 1.8)、肺动脉压升高(HR: 1.05)、低血清白蛋白(HR: 0.6)和合共病(HR: 1.4)。结论严重营养不良是PH患者死亡的一个强有力的、独立的预测因素。常规的营养评估和早期干预可以改善这一高危人群的生存和临床结果。
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引用次数: 0
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Clinical Nutrition Open Science
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