Pub Date : 2026-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141332
Francesca Cirillo, Fiorenza Gianì, Valentina Sergi, Domenica Scordamaglia, Sebastiano Giallongo, Daniele Tibullo, Giovanni Li Volti, Marcello Maggiolini, Roberta Malaguarnera, Rosamaria Lappano, Ernestina Marianna De Francesco
Micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) are small plastic particles generated from the fragmentation of larger plastic products, which are widely manufactured and often improperly discarded. Because MNPs are not fully degradable, they persist and accumulate across all ecosystems, contributing to global environmental concerns. The detection of MNPs within the food chain and in various human tissues and biological samples has raised pressing questions about their potential health risks. Cellular exposure to MNPs induces molecular, metabolic, and biological changes that may culminate in pathological outcomes. Given the chronic, lifelong exposure to escalating doses of MNPs, their involvement in the initiation and progression of human cancers is increasingly suspected. Clinical and experimental studies support this hypothesis, although clear causal evidence is still lacking. To address this gap, research in recent years has expanded rapidly, generating a growing body of literature on MNPs and cancer. In this review, we provide an up-to-date and critical overview of the data linking MNPs exposure to human cancer. We analyze the molecular and biological mechanisms potentially underlying MNP-induced carcinogenesis, with emphasis on the main routes of human exposure and tissue-specific effects. Particular attention is given to neoplastic conditions arising in primary contact sites (gastrointestinal tract, lung, and skin) and secondary targets (liver, kidney, brain). Finally, we highlight key knowledge gaps and propose future research directions to advance this emerging field. Based on the oncogenic potential of MNPs, an exhaustive and stringent scrutiny of the most recent findings will help scientists drawing solid conclusions in this highly debated area.
{"title":"The Hidden Threat: Microplastics and Cancer Biology","authors":"Francesca Cirillo, Fiorenza Gianì, Valentina Sergi, Domenica Scordamaglia, Sebastiano Giallongo, Daniele Tibullo, Giovanni Li Volti, Marcello Maggiolini, Roberta Malaguarnera, Rosamaria Lappano, Ernestina Marianna De Francesco","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141332","url":null,"abstract":"Micro- and nano-plastics (MNPs) are small plastic particles generated from the fragmentation of larger plastic products, which are widely manufactured and often improperly discarded. Because MNPs are not fully degradable, they persist and accumulate across all ecosystems, contributing to global environmental concerns. The detection of MNPs within the food chain and in various human tissues and biological samples has raised pressing questions about their potential health risks. Cellular exposure to MNPs induces molecular, metabolic, and biological changes that may culminate in pathological outcomes. Given the chronic, lifelong exposure to escalating doses of MNPs, their involvement in the initiation and progression of human cancers is increasingly suspected. Clinical and experimental studies support this hypothesis, although clear causal evidence is still lacking. To address this gap, research in recent years has expanded rapidly, generating a growing body of literature on MNPs and cancer. In this review, we provide an up-to-date and critical overview of the data linking MNPs exposure to human cancer. We analyze the molecular and biological mechanisms potentially underlying MNP-induced carcinogenesis, with emphasis on the main routes of human exposure and tissue-specific effects. Particular attention is given to neoplastic conditions arising in primary contact sites (gastrointestinal tract, lung, and skin) and secondary targets (liver, kidney, brain). Finally, we highlight key knowledge gaps and propose future research directions to advance this emerging field. Based on the oncogenic potential of MNPs, an exhaustive and stringent scrutiny of the most recent findings will help scientists drawing solid conclusions in this highly debated area.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Differential chemical hazards of common insecticides to Eupelmidae parasitoids: An ecological risk assessment for integrated pest management in forest ecosystems","authors":"Zhuo-Yi Zang, Yong-Ming Chen, Tian-Hao Li, Haneef Tariq, Antonio Biondi, Jian-Fei Mei, Lian-Sheng Zang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141413","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pyrethroid insecticides are widely applied in agricultural production; however, they remain highly toxic to aquatic organisms. Therefore, the development of rapid on-site detection methods of pyrethroids is crucial for environmental risk assessment and regulatory monitoring. To address this issue, a novel strategy was designed based on fluorescent variations of silicon quantum dots (SiQDs). A series of SiQDs functionalized with phenylhydrazine derivatives were fabricated and evaluated, among which the optimized LOD was 0.13 μM (6.57 μg/kg). The structure-property relationship was systematically elucidated through theoretical calculations integrated with machine learning approaches. By employing a smartphone-assisted portable fluorescence device, on-site and real-time monitoring of pyrethroids’ residues in real-world waters and olives was successfully achieved with high accuracy and precision. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model invertebrate, toxicological assessment confirmed the environmental friendliness of the newly developed method. Therefore, the present approach holds great promise for applications in environmental protection, and the advancement of green pest control technologies.
{"title":"Rapid on-site detection of pyrethroids: a class of long-neglected environmental pollutants","authors":"Jianhang Duan, Kedi Zhao, Yan Wang, Zhengying Chen, Hongke Bie, Jiahang Li, Jin Yan, Huili Wang, Shounian Ding, Xuedong Wang, Chunyang Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141418","url":null,"abstract":"Pyrethroid insecticides are widely applied in agricultural production; however, they remain highly toxic to aquatic organisms. Therefore, the development of rapid on-site detection methods of pyrethroids is crucial for environmental risk assessment and regulatory monitoring. To address this issue, a novel strategy was designed based on fluorescent variations of silicon quantum dots (SiQDs). A series of SiQDs functionalized with phenylhydrazine derivatives were fabricated and evaluated, among which the optimized LOD was 0.13<!-- --> <!-- -->μM (6.57<!-- --> <!-- -->μg/kg). The structure-property relationship was systematically elucidated through theoretical calculations integrated with machine learning approaches. By employing a smartphone-assisted portable fluorescence device, on-site and real-time monitoring of pyrethroids’ residues in real-world waters and olives was successfully achieved with high accuracy and precision. Using zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) as a model invertebrate, toxicological assessment confirmed the environmental friendliness of the newly developed method. Therefore, the present approach holds great promise for applications in environmental protection, and the advancement of green pest control technologies.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141423
Chen Chen, Wenxin Wang, Xiaomin Zhong, Chengzhong Deng, Yang Lu, Wenwei Zhang, Chun Chen, Feng Shi
{"title":"Real-world deployment of deep reinforcement learning-based control for cost-efficient PM2.5 mitigation in a naturally ventilated multi-room residence","authors":"Chen Chen, Wenxin Wang, Xiaomin Zhong, Chengzhong Deng, Yang Lu, Wenwei Zhang, Chun Chen, Feng Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141423","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141416
Junchao Zhao, Li Peng, Guanlin Zhu, Xinyue Zhao, Zhaofeng Lv, Zhenyu Luo, Zhining Zhang, Xiaohu Wang, Jin Liu, Yingzhi Zhang, Huan Liu, Kebin He
Remote sensing (RS) can monitor in-use vehicle emissions but suffers from variable data quality. This study obtained high-quality RS (HQRS) data via a controlled campaign and developed a machine learning framework (RDEV) to improve RS data usability. RDEV exploits the characteristic NO emission pattern (higher in older vehicles than in newer ones), to assess the reliability of remote sensing records, based on the accuracy of classifying vehicles of known-age. RDEV model achieved an accuracy of 86.95% on the HQRS test subset. When applied to routine monitoring data, RDEV reduced variability in repeated vehicle measurements and aligned gasoline vehicle emission trends more closely with established literature, demonstrating its effectiveness in selecting high-credibility data. This study presents an alternative machine learning application that learns established emission patterns to screen massive RS datasets, offering a method to improve data quality and unlock the value of historical RS data.
{"title":"Emission-Trend-Constrained Quality Assessment Model for Remote Sensing Data of Vehicle NO emissions","authors":"Junchao Zhao, Li Peng, Guanlin Zhu, Xinyue Zhao, Zhaofeng Lv, Zhenyu Luo, Zhining Zhang, Xiaohu Wang, Jin Liu, Yingzhi Zhang, Huan Liu, Kebin He","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141416","url":null,"abstract":"Remote sensing (RS) can monitor in-use vehicle emissions but suffers from variable data quality. This study obtained high-quality RS (HQRS) data via a controlled campaign and developed a machine learning framework (RDEV) to improve RS data usability. RDEV exploits the characteristic NO emission pattern (higher in older vehicles than in newer ones), to assess the reliability of remote sensing records, based on the accuracy of classifying vehicles of known-age. RDEV model achieved an accuracy of 86.95% on the HQRS test subset. When applied to routine monitoring data, RDEV reduced variability in repeated vehicle measurements and aligned gasoline vehicle emission trends more closely with established literature, demonstrating its effectiveness in selecting high-credibility data. This study presents an alternative machine learning application that learns established emission patterns to screen massive RS datasets, offering a method to improve data quality and unlock the value of historical RS data.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141354
Zhicheng Shen, Yao Feng, Liying Yang, Jingwen Xu, Zaijin Sun, Xianping Luo, Huading Shi
{"title":"Assessing and Projecting the Potential Cumulative Risks of Heavy Metal Dispersion (PCR-HMD) from Lead-Zinc Mines in China: Impacts of Soil Water Erosion and Climate Change","authors":"Zhicheng Shen, Yao Feng, Liying Yang, Jingwen Xu, Zaijin Sun, Xianping Luo, Huading Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141354","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141421
Hang Qian, Zhenghui Gao, Devin Sapsford, Wenli Chen, Qiaoyun Huang, Michael Harbottle
{"title":"Synergistic Enhancement of Copper Recovery from Recalcitrant Mineral Phases by Plant Microbial Fuel Cells","authors":"Hang Qian, Zhenghui Gao, Devin Sapsford, Wenli Chen, Qiaoyun Huang, Michael Harbottle","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141421","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The physiological and ecological risks of persistent organic pollutants mediated by nanoplastics (NPs) are substantially altered for aquatic organisms. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of NPs in this process remain inadequately elucidated. Here, we investigated the physiological effects of polystyrene (PS)-NPs combined with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and its alternative hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA, commonly known as GenX) on freshwater microalgae. Results demonstrate that NPs exhibited relatively weaker effects than PFOA and GenX and primarily enhanced the microalgal adsorption and uptake of PFOA and GenX. The main target following the NP-mediated intracellular accumulation of PFOA and GenX was the photosynthetic electron transport in microalgae, which exacerbated the adverse effects of GenX on microalgae and induced a “hormesis effect” on Chlorella during PFOA exposure. At the proteomic level, PFOA primarily influenced the energy-dependent proteins involved in photosynthesis, whereas GenX did not significantly alter proteomic profiles in microalgae. Notably, NP-mediated "secondary transport" not only reduced the accumulation disparity between GenX and PFOA but also differentially amplified their adverse effects on the algal proteome. This was particularly evident in the more pronounced inhibition of translation-related enzymes by GenX, which ultimately diminished the difference in their overall physiological toxicity. Therefore, the biological impacts of emerging persistent pollutants, particularly with NPs acting as transport carriers, constitute a crucial research domain warranting further investigations.
{"title":"Reduced disparity in the physiological effects between perfluorooctanoic acid and its alternative GenX on freshwater microalgae during co-exposure with nanoplastics","authors":"Yuhao Song, Ruikai Li, Xuyang Sun, Hao Chen, Guannan Mao, Lianwei Zou, Xiaoru Ji, Haozhen Han, Hongkai Zhu, Zhenheng Yue, Tao Shen, Zijing Liao","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141428","url":null,"abstract":"The physiological and ecological risks of persistent organic pollutants mediated by nanoplastics (NPs) are substantially altered for aquatic organisms. However, the roles and underlying mechanisms of NPs in this process remain inadequately elucidated. Here, we investigated the physiological effects of polystyrene (PS)-NPs combined with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and its alternative hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA, commonly known as GenX) on freshwater microalgae. Results demonstrate that NPs exhibited relatively weaker effects than PFOA and GenX and primarily enhanced the microalgal adsorption and uptake of PFOA and GenX. The main target following the NP-mediated intracellular accumulation of PFOA and GenX was the photosynthetic electron transport in microalgae, which exacerbated the adverse effects of GenX on microalgae and induced a “hormesis effect” on <em>Chlorella</em> during PFOA exposure. At the proteomic level, PFOA primarily influenced the energy-dependent proteins involved in photosynthesis, whereas GenX did not significantly alter proteomic profiles in microalgae. Notably, NP-mediated \"secondary transport\" not only reduced the accumulation disparity between GenX and PFOA but also differentially amplified their adverse effects on the algal proteome. This was particularly evident in the more pronounced inhibition of translation-related enzymes by GenX, which ultimately diminished the difference in their overall physiological toxicity. Therefore, the biological impacts of emerging persistent pollutants, particularly with NPs acting as transport carriers, constitute a crucial research domain warranting further investigations.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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