Pub Date : 2026-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141836
Pengwei Zhao, Jingxi Qin, Li Wu, Xiaofeng Zhai, Mengying Si, Weichun Yang
The distinct chemical behaviors of Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) make the co-contaminated paddy soils pose severe risks to rice safety and public health. This study first demonstrates the manganese(II) sulfate (MnSO4) mitigates Cd and As co-accumulation and co-toxicity in rice, and elucidates the underlying mechanisms by employing integrated ionomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Application of moderate to high doses of MnSO4 in pot experiments increased brown rice yield by 208.78-428.60% while reducing Cd and As content by 4.89-21.98% and 60.65-81.73%, respectively. MnSO4 mediates Cd distribution through direct competitive antagonism, whereas As sequestration is governed by more complex and indirect regulatory pathways. The MnSO4 amendment also orchestrates a remodeling of the mineral element network by regulating key genes and metal transporters. This mechanism ultimately limits the accumulation of Cd and As in the grain via distinct pathways: by hindering root to brown rice Cd translocation and inhibiting stem/leaf to brown rice As translocation. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis further revealed that Mn alleviates combined Cd-As stress by downregulating key pathways involved in lipid peroxidation and sphingolipid metabolism, thereby enhancing cellular membrane stability. Collectively, MnSO4 integrates transporter regulation, ionomic reconfiguration, and metabolic adaptation to alleviate Cd-As co-stress in rice. Our findings provide a effective approach to ensure rice safety in contaminated regions.
{"title":"Manganese (II) sulfate mitigates cadmium and arsenic accumulation and toxicity in rice (Oryza sativa L.): insights from multi-omics regulation mechanisms","authors":"Pengwei Zhao, Jingxi Qin, Li Wu, Xiaofeng Zhai, Mengying Si, Weichun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141836","url":null,"abstract":"The distinct chemical behaviors of Cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) make the co-contaminated paddy soils pose severe risks to rice safety and public health. This study first demonstrates the manganese(II) sulfate (MnSO<sub>4</sub>) mitigates Cd and As co-accumulation and co-toxicity in rice, and elucidates the underlying mechanisms by employing integrated ionomic, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses. Application of moderate to high doses of MnSO<sub>4</sub> in pot experiments increased brown rice yield by 208.78-428.60% while reducing Cd and As content by 4.89-21.98% and 60.65-81.73%, respectively. MnSO<sub>4</sub> mediates Cd distribution through direct competitive antagonism, whereas As sequestration is governed by more complex and indirect regulatory pathways. The MnSO<sub>4</sub> amendment also orchestrates a remodeling of the mineral element network by regulating key genes and metal transporters. This mechanism ultimately limits the accumulation of Cd and As in the grain via distinct pathways: by hindering root to brown rice Cd translocation and inhibiting stem/leaf to brown rice As translocation. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis further revealed that Mn alleviates combined Cd-As stress by downregulating key pathways involved in lipid peroxidation and sphingolipid metabolism, thereby enhancing cellular membrane stability. Collectively, MnSO<sub>4</sub> integrates transporter regulation, ionomic reconfiguration, and metabolic adaptation to alleviate Cd-As co-stress in rice. Our findings provide a effective approach to ensure rice safety in contaminated regions.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141837
Le Zhang, Xi Li, Qi Li, Haichao Sha, Ying Zhang, Xinwei Gao
{"title":"Small-sized microplastics drive structural shifts in aquatic communities: Evidence from the Wei River Basin","authors":"Le Zhang, Xi Li, Qi Li, Haichao Sha, Ying Zhang, Xinwei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141837","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147496503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141787
Mahmoud S. Abdelmoneim, Mohamed A. Ghazy, Elsayed E. Hafez, Sherif F. Hammad, Mona F.A. Dawood
For inducing plant resistance to emergent contaminants, phyco-elicitors seem promising. Thus, this study investigated how Ascophyllum nodosum algal extract induces tomato plant tolerance to salinity (120 mM) and bisphenol A (BPA, 4.11 mM) individually or in combination. A. nodosum application to salinity and/or BPA stressed tomato plants showed varied physiology and molecular responses compared to were examined. Tomato plants were more susceptible to combined salinity and BPA compared to their single applications. After 10 days of salt and BPA stress, tomatoes died. Interestingly, algal extract increased tomato growth under single stress and survival under combined stress, which increased photosynthetic pigments and biomass. Additionally, reducing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and stabilizing membranes with low lipid peroxidation. The algal extract boosted α-tocopherol and enzymatic antioxidants, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, phyco-elicitor raised thaumatin-like protein and tubulin expression, while reducing BPA accumulation in tomato roots, leaves, and fruits compared to stressed plants. This study recommends employing Ascophyllum nodosum as an eco-friendly and cost-effective tomato bioelicitor against BPA or salt stress.
{"title":"Mitigating the impact of salinity and/or bisphenol A stress on the performance of the tomato crop by spraying with an algal extract of Ascophyllum nodosum L.","authors":"Mahmoud S. Abdelmoneim, Mohamed A. Ghazy, Elsayed E. Hafez, Sherif F. Hammad, Mona F.A. Dawood","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141787","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141787","url":null,"abstract":"For inducing plant resistance to emergent contaminants, phyco-elicitors seem promising. Thus, this study investigated how <em>Ascophyllum nodosum</em> algal extract induces tomato plant tolerance to salinity (120<!-- --> <!-- -->mM) and bisphenol A (BPA, 4.11<!-- --> <!-- -->mM) individually or in combination. <em>A. nodosum</em> application to salinity and/or BPA stressed tomato plants showed varied physiology and molecular responses compared to were examined. Tomato plants were more susceptible to combined salinity and BPA compared to their single applications. After 10 days of salt and BPA stress, tomatoes died. Interestingly, algal extract increased tomato growth under single stress and survival under combined stress, which increased photosynthetic pigments and biomass. Additionally, reducing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and stabilizing membranes with low lipid peroxidation. The algal extract boosted α-tocopherol and enzymatic antioxidants, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and superoxide dismutase. Furthermore, phyco-elicitor raised thaumatin-like protein and tubulin expression, while reducing BPA accumulation in tomato roots, leaves, and fruits compared to stressed plants. This study recommends employing <em>Ascophyllum nodosum</em> as an eco-friendly and cost-effective tomato bioelicitor against BPA or salt stress.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147492492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Plastisphere has emerged as a distinctive ecological niche in soil, yet its roles in shaping antibiotic resistome under environmental disturbances remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined the influence of co-contamination with imidacloprid and copper on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and microbial functional traits within soil and plastisphere microhabitats under flooding conditions. Pollutant exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations promoted ARG and MGE enrichment, with stronger effects as pollutant number increased. Under combined pollution, ARG abundance increased up to 5.59- and 2.42-fold in the plastisphere and soil under non-flooded conditions, and 2.62- and 2.75-fold under flooding. However, flooding reduced ARG abundance under combined pollution to 0.31- and 0.64-fold relative to non-flooded conditions. Nevertheless, the plastisphere maintained consistently stronger ARG–MGE associations. Functional trait analyses revealed that plastisphere microbes possessed higher GC content, smaller genomes, and faster growth rates than their soil counterparts, consistent with the Black Queen Hypothesis. Lower GC content and enhanced anaerobic metabolism were associated with greater ARG abundance, highlighting trait-mediated enrichment of ARGs in plastisphere biofilm habitats. Structural equation modeling further identified flooding-driven anaerobic respiration, microbial community composition, pollutant number, and MGE abundance as key determinants of ARG dynamics in the plastisphere, whereas ARG abundance in soil was primarily influenced by pollutant number and community composition. Collectively, these findings identify the plastisphere as a distinct reservoir of antibiotic resistance shaped by flooding and multiple chemical stressors, and emphasize the role of microbial functional traits in mediating ARG enrichment.
{"title":"Contrasting the roles of plastisphere and soil in shaping antibiotic resistome under flooding and co-pollution stress","authors":"Ya-Ning Wang, Xue-Peng Chen, Tian-Gui Cai, Yi-Fei Wang, Di Wu, Dong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141839","url":null,"abstract":"Plastisphere has emerged as a distinctive ecological niche in soil, yet its roles in shaping antibiotic resistome under environmental disturbances remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined the influence of co-contamination with imidacloprid and copper on antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), mobile genetic elements (MGEs), and microbial functional traits within soil and plastisphere microhabitats under flooding conditions. Pollutant exposure at environmentally relevant concentrations promoted ARG and MGE enrichment, with stronger effects as pollutant number increased. Under combined pollution, ARG abundance increased up to 5.59- and 2.42-fold in the plastisphere and soil under non-flooded conditions, and 2.62- and 2.75-fold under flooding. However, flooding reduced ARG abundance under combined pollution to 0.31- and 0.64-fold relative to non-flooded conditions. Nevertheless, the plastisphere maintained consistently stronger ARG–MGE associations. Functional trait analyses revealed that plastisphere microbes possessed higher GC content, smaller genomes, and faster growth rates than their soil counterparts, consistent with the Black Queen Hypothesis. Lower GC content and enhanced anaerobic metabolism were associated with greater ARG abundance, highlighting trait-mediated enrichment of ARGs in plastisphere biofilm habitats. Structural equation modeling further identified flooding-driven anaerobic respiration, microbial community composition, pollutant number, and MGE abundance as key determinants of ARG dynamics in the plastisphere, whereas ARG abundance in soil was primarily influenced by pollutant number and community composition. Collectively, these findings identify the plastisphere as a distinct reservoir of antibiotic resistance shaped by flooding and multiple chemical stressors, and emphasize the role of microbial functional traits in mediating ARG enrichment.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147492493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In natural environments, the crystallinity of PET bottles and microplastics exceeds the degradation capacity of known enzymes, making untreated PET with crystallinity above 10% present a significant challenge for direct enzymatic biodegradation. In this study, Priestia megaterium Jou-S14, isolated from coastal environments in Jiangsu Province, efficiently degraded highly crystalline polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (hcPET-MPs). After 30 days, strain Jou-S14 caused weight losses of 5.02 ± 0.21% for hcPET-MPs and 7.09 ± 0.35% for hcPET films. Degradation assessments revealed that strain Jou-S14 rapidly colonized the surface of hcPET-MPs, disrupted crystalline regions, and produced BHET and TPA. Furthermore, genomic analysis identified an IsPETase-type PET hydrolase, PmPETase (GenBank No.: PX379572.1), featuring the catalytic triad Ser151-Asp222-His253, which formed a stable hydrogen-bonding network with the substrate BHET. Purified PmPETase was active at pH 8.0 and 35 ℃, producing BHET (1.75 μM) and TPA (8.49 μM) from hcPET-MPs within 24 h. We proposed a pathway in which strain Jou-S14 channels the hydrolysis products of hcPET-MPs into central metabolism. This study expands the available marine PET-degrading microbial resource repository and supports strategies for microbial consortia-assisted recycling of highly crystalline PET.
{"title":"Priestia megaterium Jou-S14 degrades highly crystalline polyethylene terephthalate microplastics","authors":"Guang Yang, Xueping Huang, Guohao Yu, Tiantian Tao, Kexin Guo, Xiaoyue Hou, Congyan Qi, Song Gao, Yaowei Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141843","url":null,"abstract":"In natural environments, the crystallinity of PET bottles and microplastics exceeds the degradation capacity of known enzymes, making untreated PET with crystallinity above 10% present a significant challenge for direct enzymatic biodegradation. In this study, <em>Priestia megaterium</em> Jou-S14, isolated from coastal environments in Jiangsu Province, efficiently degraded highly crystalline polyethylene terephthalate microplastics (hcPET-MPs). After 30 days, strain Jou-S14 caused weight losses of 5.02 ± 0.21% for hcPET-MPs and 7.09 ± 0.35% for hcPET films. Degradation assessments revealed that strain Jou-S14 rapidly colonized the surface of hcPET-MPs, disrupted crystalline regions, and produced BHET and TPA. Furthermore, genomic analysis identified an <em>Is</em>PETase-type PET hydrolase, <em>Pm</em>PETase (GenBank No.: PX379572.1), featuring the catalytic triad Ser<sup>151</sup>-Asp<sup>222</sup>-His<sup>253</sup>, which formed a stable hydrogen-bonding network with the substrate BHET. Purified <em>Pm</em>PETase was active at pH 8.0 and 35 ℃, producing BHET (1.75<!-- --> <!-- -->μM) and TPA (8.49<!-- --> <!-- -->μM) from hcPET-MPs within 24<!-- --> <!-- -->h. We proposed a pathway in which strain Jou-S14 channels the hydrolysis products of hcPET-MPs into central metabolism. This study expands the available marine PET-degrading microbial resource repository and supports strategies for microbial consortia-assisted recycling of highly crystalline PET.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141835
Mingfu Lin, Tao He, Rong Wang, Lixiang Zhong, Menghuan Zhang, Jun Wang, Yumei Huang
Organophosphate esters (OPEs), a class of extensively utilized halogenated flame retardants and plasticizers, have emerged as ubiquitous environmental contaminants and have been detected in multiple matrices, posing potential ecological risks. In this study, we firstly investigated the particle-dissolved phase partition and enrichment of nine OPE compounds in the surface microlayer (SML) of a subtropical urban lake, and further estimate their influence to the air-water exchange process. The concentrations of ∑9OPEs in the dissolved and particle phases of the lake SML were 187–2.36×103 ng/L (average: 1100 ± 697 ng/L) and 64.0–294 ng/L (average: 133 ± 62.9 ng/L), respectively. Consistent with the subsurface water (SSW) of the lake, tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) and tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) were the predominant OPEs in the SML. The particle fractions (fp) of OPEs in the SML were significantly positively related with their logKow values (p<0.05), suggesting that OPEs with greater hydrophobicity were more likely to distribute in the particle phase. Significant enrichment of OPEs was observed in both the dissolved and particle phases of the SML, with enrichment factors (EFs) ranging from 0.78 to 409 and from 0.11 to 24.0, respectively. More hydrophobic OPEs also prefer to be enriched in the particle phase of the SML. The comparison of fugacity fractions and exchange fluxes of OPEs between air-SML and air-SSW in the lake demonstrated that the enrichment of OPEs in the SML would alter their air-water exchange processes, highlighting the need to incorporate microlayer-induced concentration gradients into the environmental fate modeling of OPEs.
{"title":"Enrichment of organophosphate esters in the surface microlayer of a subtropical urban lake: phase partitioning dynamics and air-water exchange implications","authors":"Mingfu Lin, Tao He, Rong Wang, Lixiang Zhong, Menghuan Zhang, Jun Wang, Yumei Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141835","url":null,"abstract":"Organophosphate esters (OPEs), a class of extensively utilized halogenated flame retardants and plasticizers, have emerged as ubiquitous environmental contaminants and have been detected in multiple matrices, posing potential ecological risks. In this study, we firstly investigated the particle-dissolved phase partition and enrichment of nine OPE compounds in the surface microlayer (SML) of a subtropical urban lake, and further estimate their influence to the air-water exchange process. The concentrations of ∑<sub>9</sub>OPEs in the dissolved and particle phases of the lake SML were 187–2.36×10<sup>3<!-- --> </sup>ng/L (average: 1100 ± 697<!-- --> <!-- -->ng/L) and 64.0–294<!-- --> <!-- -->ng/L (average: 133 ± 62.9<!-- --> <!-- -->ng/L), respectively. Consistent with the subsurface water (SSW) of the lake, tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) and tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) were the predominant OPEs in the SML. The particle fractions (<em>f</em><sub>p</sub>) of OPEs in the SML were significantly positively related with their log<em>K</em><sub>ow</sub> values (<em>p</em><0.05), suggesting that OPEs with greater hydrophobicity were more likely to distribute in the particle phase. Significant enrichment of OPEs was observed in both the dissolved and particle phases of the SML, with enrichment factors (EFs) ranging from 0.78 to 409 and from 0.11 to 24.0, respectively. More hydrophobic OPEs also prefer to be enriched in the particle phase of the SML. The comparison of fugacity fractions and exchange fluxes of OPEs between air-SML and air-SSW in the lake demonstrated that the enrichment of OPEs in the SML would alter their air-water exchange processes, highlighting the need to incorporate microlayer-induced concentration gradients into the environmental fate modeling of OPEs.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147492495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141830
Haijian Xie, Junbo Zhou, Yanghui Shi
Bioremediation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in weathered soil is often constrained by the inefficiency of indigenous microbial synergistic networks. The mechanisms governing these network responses remain poorly understood, frequently overlooking the system-level functional dynamics. This 7-week study contrasted biostimulation (NZ) with yeast-based bioaugmentation (NS), linking microbial succession and functional network reconstruction to TPHs degradation. The NS group showed a clear advantage in TPHs removal (83.1%) and, crucially, in degrading the heavy C22-C40 fraction (76.3%). The NZ community, despite possessing degradation genes, was trapped in a “functional lock”, lacking a cohesive synergistic network. The TPHs and heavy C22-C40 fraction removal efficiencies of the NZ community are only 75.3% and 39.3%, respectively. In contrast, the introduced Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the NS group acted as a pioneer species. It initiated a system-wide reconstruction by (1) altering the soil microenvironment through intense metabolic stress responses (e.g., upregulation of protein quality control systems and high-affinity MFS transporters) and (2) activating a novel, synergistic indigenous consortium, including Altererythrobacter and Cellulosimicrobium. It is indicated that effective bioaugmentation is not the mere addition of strains but a deliberate ecological network reconstruction. The pioneer species alleviates the functional stagnation of the native community, driving the emergence of a novel, highly effective synergistic degradation system. This provides a key theoretical basis for developing bioremediation technologies centered on ecological network regulation.
{"title":"Bioaugmentation of weathered petroleum-contaminated soil with a yeast-based consortium: Degradation performance and mechanism insights","authors":"Haijian Xie, Junbo Zhou, Yanghui Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141830","url":null,"abstract":"Bioremediation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in weathered soil is often constrained by the inefficiency of indigenous microbial synergistic networks. The mechanisms governing these network responses remain poorly understood, frequently overlooking the system-level functional dynamics. This 7-week study contrasted biostimulation (NZ) with yeast-based bioaugmentation (NS), linking microbial succession and functional network reconstruction to TPHs degradation. The NS group showed a clear advantage in TPHs removal (83.1%) and, crucially, in degrading the heavy C22-C40 fraction (76.3%). The NZ community, despite possessing degradation genes, was trapped in a “functional lock”, lacking a cohesive synergistic network. The TPHs and heavy C22-C40 fraction removal efficiencies of the NZ community are only 75.3% and 39.3%, respectively. In contrast, the introduced <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> in the NS group acted as a pioneer species. It initiated a system-wide reconstruction by (1) altering the soil microenvironment through intense metabolic stress responses (e.g., upregulation of protein quality control systems and high-affinity MFS transporters) and (2) activating a novel, synergistic indigenous consortium, including <em>Altererythrobacter</em> and <em>Cellulosimicrobium</em>. It is indicated that effective bioaugmentation is not the mere addition of strains but a deliberate ecological network reconstruction. The pioneer species alleviates the functional stagnation of the native community, driving the emergence of a novel, highly effective synergistic degradation system. This provides a key theoretical basis for developing bioremediation technologies centered on ecological network regulation.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147492541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141821
He Zhu, Jing Luo, Hugo Enrique Hernandez-Figueroa, Sailing He
The accumulation of various colored plastics waste in terrestrial ecosystems poses an escalating threat to environmental sustainability, demanding effective and precise classification methods. However, current machine vision techniques often fail due to significant interference caused by plastic colorants. Their performance in real-world scenarios is further compromised by complex soil backgrounds, including soil heterogeneity and varying moisture content. To overcome these limitations, we present a novel NIR hyperspectral imaging system, integrated with a specially designed MS3D-Net, for high-precision classification of soil-embedded plastics. The MS3D-Net model simultaneously performs pixel-level segmentation and polymer classification for the identification of 11 plastic types within complex soil backgrounds. We evaluated the system's robustness across three distinct heterogeneous soil types (loam, clay, and sand) under varying moisture gradients, demonstrating stable performance against matrix interference. To validate applicability in realistic field conditions, the system was tested on plastics subjected to aging, oxidation, fragmentation, and biofouling embedded in natural soils containing complex impurities such as plant roots and residues, achieving an average precision of 0.89. The method successfully recognized irregular consumer plastic products collected from the environment. Our approach provides a robust solution for identifying diverse plastic polymers in complex soil environments, offering technical support for environmental sustainability and plastic waste management.
{"title":"Classification of soil-embedded colored plastics of many types with NIR hyperspectral high-resolution imaging system and multi-scale 3D deep learning","authors":"He Zhu, Jing Luo, Hugo Enrique Hernandez-Figueroa, Sailing He","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141821","url":null,"abstract":"The accumulation of various colored plastics waste in terrestrial ecosystems poses an escalating threat to environmental sustainability, demanding effective and precise classification methods. However, current machine vision techniques often fail due to significant interference caused by plastic colorants. Their performance in real-world scenarios is further compromised by complex soil backgrounds, including soil heterogeneity and varying moisture content. To overcome these limitations, we present a novel NIR hyperspectral imaging system, integrated with a specially designed MS3D-Net, for high-precision classification of soil-embedded plastics. The MS3D-Net model simultaneously performs pixel-level segmentation and polymer classification for the identification of 11 plastic types within complex soil backgrounds. We evaluated the system's robustness across three distinct heterogeneous soil types (loam, clay, and sand) under varying moisture gradients, demonstrating stable performance against matrix interference. To validate applicability in realistic field conditions, the system was tested on plastics subjected to aging, oxidation, fragmentation, and biofouling embedded in natural soils containing complex impurities such as plant roots and residues, achieving an average precision of 0.89. The method successfully recognized irregular consumer plastic products collected from the environment. Our approach provides a robust solution for identifying diverse plastic polymers in complex soil environments, offering technical support for environmental sustainability and plastic waste management.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147493121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microplastics, as emerging persistent environmental contaminants, can act as vectors for the absorption of other pollutants in ecosystems, such as pesticide residues. However, the combined toxicological effects of microplastics and pesticides on pollinators remain poorly understood. Here, we evaluated the toxicity of polystyrene microplastics (PS) and glyphosate (GLY), both individually and in combination, in honeybees (Apis mellifera). While no significant changes in body weight gain or food consumption were observed after 20 days of exposure, co-exposure to PS and GLY significantly increased bee mortality and induced midgut damage and microbial dysbiosis. In the gut, pathways associated with cell proliferation and differentiation, along with genes related to oxidative stress, detoxification, and immunity, were significantly downregulated. Furthermore, the combination of PS and GLY impaired sucrose responsiveness, a key cognitive behavior in bees. Brain transcriptomics indicated a downregulation of serotonergic synapse-related genes, which were correlated with shifts in core gut bacteria such as Snodgrassella and Lactobacillus. Our findings demonstrate that co-exposure to PS and GLY exacerbates gut homeostasis disruption and impairs cognitive behavior, suggesting a potential role of the gut–brain axis. This study extends our understanding of the combined ecological risks posed by multiple environmental contaminants to bees as insect pollinators and emphasizes the need for comprehensive hazard assessments in insect conservation.
{"title":"Co-exposure to polystyrene microplastics and glyphosate induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and cognitive impairment in honeybees","authors":"Yiqing Wu, Lina Qin, Yimeng Zhang, Yifan Jia, Yaoyang Lü, Nianlong Wang, Hao Zheng, Liang Li, Zijing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141796","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141796","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics, as emerging persistent environmental contaminants, can act as vectors for the absorption of other pollutants in ecosystems, such as pesticide residues. However, the combined toxicological effects of microplastics and pesticides on pollinators remain poorly understood. Here, we evaluated the toxicity of polystyrene microplastics (PS) and glyphosate (GLY), both individually and in combination, in honeybees (<em>Apis mellifera</em>). While no significant changes in body weight gain or food consumption were observed after 20 days of exposure, co-exposure to PS and GLY significantly increased bee mortality and induced midgut damage and microbial dysbiosis. In the gut, pathways associated with cell proliferation and differentiation, along with genes related to oxidative stress, detoxification, and immunity, were significantly downregulated. Furthermore, the combination of PS and GLY impaired sucrose responsiveness, a key cognitive behavior in bees. Brain transcriptomics indicated a downregulation of serotonergic synapse-related genes, which were correlated with shifts in core gut bacteria such as <em>Snodgrassella</em> and <em>Lactobacillus</em>. Our findings demonstrate that co-exposure to PS and GLY exacerbates gut homeostasis disruption and impairs cognitive behavior, suggesting a potential role of the gut–brain axis. This study extends our understanding of the combined ecological risks posed by multiple environmental contaminants to bees as insect pollinators and emphasizes the need for comprehensive hazard assessments in insect conservation.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147492494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141834
Dan Li, Xuewei Liu, Abdoulaye Boré, Changhao Cui, Zia ur Rahman, Sirong He, Wenchao Ma, Dahai Yan, Li Li, Guanyi Chen
The pyrolysis of waste polyvinyl dichloride (PVDC), a halogenated plastic with high chlorine content (~64.68 wt.%), poses considerable environmental risks due to the formation of toxic and persistent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study systematically investigated the effects of pyrolysis temperature (500-900°C), reaction duration (10-50 min), and heating rate (5-25 °C·min-1) on the yield, congener profile, and phase distribution of 16 PAHs from the slow pyrolysis of waste PVDC plastics. The results indicated that pyrolysis temperature exhibited the most significant effect among all investigated parameters. The maximum total PAHs concentration was 3129.08 μg·g-1, obtained at 800 °C, 40 min, and a heating rate of 10 °C·min-1, of which the liquid phase contained the dominant fraction (~95.8%). The yield of medium-ring PAHs showed a distinct maximum at a heating rate of 15 °C·min-1, linked to optimized ring-growth kinetics. The formation pathways, initiated by chlorine-mediated de-chlorination and propagated via HACA/HAVA mechanisms, were elucidated. This work provides essential quantitative data and mechanistic insights for assessing environmental risks and designing control strategies during the co-pyrolysis of halogenated and traditional plastic wastes.
{"title":"PAHs Formation and Distribution: Mechanistic Insights from Pyrolysis of Chlorine-Rich Waste Polyvinyl Dichloride","authors":"Dan Li, Xuewei Liu, Abdoulaye Boré, Changhao Cui, Zia ur Rahman, Sirong He, Wenchao Ma, Dahai Yan, Li Li, Guanyi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141834","url":null,"abstract":"The pyrolysis of waste polyvinyl dichloride (PVDC), a halogenated plastic with high chlorine content (~64.68<!-- --> <!-- -->wt.%), poses considerable environmental risks due to the formation of toxic and persistent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). This study systematically investigated the effects of pyrolysis temperature (500-900°C), reaction duration (10-50<!-- --> <!-- -->min), and heating rate (5-25 °C·min<sup>-1</sup>) on the yield, congener profile, and phase distribution of 16 PAHs from the slow pyrolysis of waste PVDC plastics. The results indicated that pyrolysis temperature exhibited the most significant effect among all investigated parameters. The maximum total PAHs concentration was 3129.08<!-- --> <!-- -->μg·g<sup>-1</sup>, obtained at 800 °C, 40<!-- --> <!-- -->min, and a heating rate of 10 °C·min<sup>-1</sup>, of which the liquid phase contained the dominant fraction (~95.8%). The yield of medium-ring PAHs showed a distinct maximum at a heating rate of 15 °C·min<sup>-1</sup>, linked to optimized ring-growth kinetics. The formation pathways, initiated by chlorine-mediated de-chlorination and propagated via HACA/HAVA mechanisms, were elucidated. This work provides essential quantitative data and mechanistic insights for assessing environmental risks and designing control strategies during the co-pyrolysis of halogenated and traditional plastic wastes.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"401 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147492496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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