Although cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulators have been widely used in phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils, the relationship between soil phosphorus (P) uptake and Cd accumulation during phytoremediation remains unclear. In this study, a phosphate-solubilizing bacterium (PSB), Enterobacter sp., and the Cd hyperaccumulator B. pilosa L. were selected to address this knowledge gap. Our results show that Enterobacter sp. inoculation enhances P cycling processes in the rhizosphere of B. pilosa L., resulting in an increase in soil available phosphorus (AP), by 16.2% to 84.3% in low-contaminated soil and by 17.6% to 64.8% in high-contaminated soil. Inorganic P solubilization was the primary process driving the increase in AP content, contributing the most to soil P cycling. Moreover, Enterobacter sp. inoculation significantly promoted the growth of B. pilosa L., boosting total phosphorus, phospholipids, primary metabolic phosphorus, and Cd concentrations in plant tissues. Notably, a strong positive correlation was observed between soil AP and Cd concentrations in plant tissues. P-functional microbes in the rhizosphere, encoding genes such as gcd, ppa, and ppx-gppA, predominantly enhance P bioavailability in soils. Furthermore, in P-deficient and heavily contaminated soils, Proteobacteria replaced Actinobacteria as the predominant hosts for key genes involved in soil P cycling. This study provides valuable insights into the critical link between P availability and Cd accumulation, emphasizing the role of P cycling in enhancing Cd accumulation during phytoremediation mediated by PSB.
{"title":"Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria facilitate rhizospheric processes of Bidens pilosa L. in the phytoremediation of cadmium-contaminated soil: Link between phosphorus availability and cadmium accumulation","authors":"Yi Li, Shiyu Luo, Yiyun Fu, Chijian Tang, Xiaoxiao Qin, Dongyi Shi, Wei Lan, Yingxuan Tang, Fangming Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137997","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137997","url":null,"abstract":"Although cadmium (Cd) hyperaccumulators have been widely used in phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated soils, the relationship between soil phosphorus (P) uptake and Cd accumulation during phytoremediation remains unclear. In this study, a phosphate-solubilizing bacterium (PSB), <em>Enterobacter</em> sp., and the Cd hyperaccumulator <em>B. pilosa</em> L. were selected to address this knowledge gap. Our results show that <em>Enterobacter</em> sp. inoculation enhances P cycling processes in the rhizosphere of <em>B. pilosa</em> L., resulting in an increase in soil available phosphorus (AP), by 16.2% to 84.3% in low-contaminated soil and by 17.6% to 64.8% in high-contaminated soil. Inorganic P solubilization was the primary process driving the increase in AP content, contributing the most to soil P cycling. Moreover, <em>Enterobacter</em> sp. inoculation significantly promoted the growth of <em>B. pilosa</em> L., boosting total phosphorus, phospholipids, primary metabolic phosphorus, and Cd concentrations in plant tissues. Notably, a strong positive correlation was observed between soil AP and Cd concentrations in plant tissues. P-functional microbes in the rhizosphere, encoding genes such as <em>gcd</em>, <em>ppa</em>, and <em>ppx-gppA</em>, predominantly enhance P bioavailability in soils. Furthermore, in P-deficient and heavily contaminated soils, Proteobacteria replaced Actinobacteria as the predominant hosts for key genes involved in soil P cycling. This study provides valuable insights into the critical link between P availability and Cd accumulation, emphasizing the role of P cycling in enhancing Cd accumulation during phytoremediation mediated by PSB.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benzene emissions from industrial processes are a significant target for catalytic oxidation. Additionally, VOC emissions often contain heteroatoms such as chlorine, which can deactivate noble metal-based catalysts. The development of a cost-effective, environmentally friendly noble metal-based catalyst that resists chlorine poisoning is crucial. While Ag-based catalysts offer advantages in terms of cost and activity, Ag0 nanoparticles as active centers can be easily poisoned by chlorine. To address this challenge, we introduced a ternary catalyst of Ag-MnOx/CeO2, which combines support modification with MnO2 and Ag active center modification to Ag2O. The synergistic interaction among these components promotes the formation of Ag2O species, significantly enhancing the benzene oxidation performance. Moreover, the combination of Ag2O and MnO2 imparts strong resistance to chlorobenzene poisoning. Through characterization, performance testing, and theoretical analysis, Ag-MnOx/CeO2 demonstrated superior benzene oxidation and chlorine resistance compared with Ag/CeO2 catalysts. This study provides a promising avenue for developing more efficient and sustainable catalysts to address the pressing issue of VOC removal and mitigate chlorine poisoning in noble metal catalysts.
{"title":"Synergistic Effects of Ag-MnOx/CeO2 for Improved Benzene Oxidation and Chlorine Tolerance","authors":"Lingyun Guo, Xuehong Zhang, Wenjie Xia, Lijuan Liu, Xiaowei Zhang, Cibin Xu, Zhiwei Huang, Xiaomin Wu, Huawang Zhao, Guohua Jing, Huazhen Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138001","url":null,"abstract":"Benzene emissions from industrial processes are a significant target for catalytic oxidation. Additionally, VOC emissions often contain heteroatoms such as chlorine, which can deactivate noble metal-based catalysts. The development of a cost-effective, environmentally friendly noble metal-based catalyst that resists chlorine poisoning is crucial. While Ag-based catalysts offer advantages in terms of cost and activity, Ag<sup>0</sup> nanoparticles as active centers can be easily poisoned by chlorine. To address this challenge, we introduced a ternary catalyst of Ag-MnO<sub>x</sub>/CeO<sub>2</sub>, which combines support modification with MnO<sub>2</sub> and Ag active center modification to Ag<sub>2</sub>O. The synergistic interaction among these components promotes the formation of Ag<sub>2</sub>O species, significantly enhancing the benzene oxidation performance. Moreover, the combination of Ag<sub>2</sub>O and MnO<sub>2</sub> imparts strong resistance to chlorobenzene poisoning. Through characterization, performance testing, and theoretical analysis, Ag-MnO<sub>x</sub>/CeO<sub>2</sub> demonstrated superior benzene oxidation and chlorine resistance compared with Ag/CeO<sub>2</sub> catalysts. This study provides a promising avenue for developing more efficient and sustainable catalysts to address the pressing issue of VOC removal and mitigate chlorine poisoning in noble metal catalysts.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137963
Di Pan, Pan Chu, Xiongfei Fu, Diya Wen, Hua Song, Shupei Bai, Xuan Guo
The high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) has been proposed as an efficient and convenient strategy for microbial inactivation, playing a crucial role in ensuring urban safety and people’s lives and health. However, the effects of the underlying antibacterial molecular mechanism on specific functional capabilities are largely unknown. Here, we systematically investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the inactivation effect of an HVEF against E. coli with a wire-plate-type device. Our experimental analysis revealed that the antibacterial effects primarily stemmed from the local alteration of cell membrane integrity and permeability, which further induced a series of oxidative damage events, including decreased SOD activity, increased ROS levels and MDA content, and, eventually, apoptosis. Theoretically, this process is mediated mainly by energy metabolism, cell motility and membrane transport signalling, as suggested by a multiomic analysis. Through quantitative methods, we showed that FliC, a key flagellar protein, plays a very important role in this process and that the quantity of fliC present on cells influences the HVEF tolerance. These results together reveal the previously unknown mechanism underlying the antibacterial effect of HVEFs and suggest that fliC activity and cell motility are novel components of this mechanism that distinguish HVEF-resistant bacteria from normal bacteria.
{"title":"Elucidating the underlying mechanism of the bactericidal effect facilitated by a crucial flagellar protein under high-voltage electrostatic conditions","authors":"Di Pan, Pan Chu, Xiongfei Fu, Diya Wen, Hua Song, Shupei Bai, Xuan Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137963","url":null,"abstract":"The high-voltage electrostatic field (HVEF) has been proposed as an efficient and convenient strategy for microbial inactivation, playing a crucial role in ensuring urban safety and people’s lives and health. However, the effects of the underlying antibacterial molecular mechanism on specific functional capabilities are largely unknown. Here, we systematically investigated the molecular mechanism underlying the inactivation effect of an HVEF against <em>E. coli</em> with a wire-plate-type device. Our experimental analysis revealed that the antibacterial effects primarily stemmed from the local alteration of cell membrane integrity and permeability, which further induced a series of oxidative damage events, including decreased SOD activity, increased ROS levels and MDA content, and, eventually, apoptosis. Theoretically, this process is mediated mainly by energy metabolism, cell motility and membrane transport signalling, as suggested by a multiomic analysis. Through quantitative methods, we showed that FliC<em>,</em> a key flagellar protein, plays a very important role in this process and that the quantity of <em>fliC</em> present on cells influences the HVEF tolerance. These results together reveal the previously unknown mechanism underlying the antibacterial effect of HVEFs and suggest that <em>fliC</em> activity and cell motility are novel components of this mechanism that distinguish HVEF-resistant bacteria from normal bacteria.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to explore the metabolite profiles of populations engaged in intensive vegetable cultivation and their exposure to pesticides. As urbanization progresses and eating habits evolve, intensive vegetable farming has rapidly expanded; however, this cultivation method poses potential health risks to farmers, particularly due to long-term exposure to “greenhouse gases” in enclosed environments. The study investigated the demographic characteristics of individuals in vegetable-growing areas, collected relevant biological samples, and assessed exposure levels by analyzing pesticide metabolites in urine. The results indicated that the types and concentrations of pesticide metabolites detected in the urine of the exposed group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with notable increases in neonicotinoid metabolites such as dinotefuran (DIN) and thiacloprid. Furthermore, the impact of these pesticides on mammalian organisms was examined through animal experiments, which revealed dynamic changes in the concentration of DIN in mouse serum and urine, providing valuable data on its biological metabolic characteristics. These findings underscore the importance of ongoing disease prevention, pollution control, and the need for enhanced health monitoring and protective measures for agricultural workers.
{"title":"An Occupational Health Assessment of Dinotefuran Exposure in Greenhouse Vegetable Workers: Metabolomic Profiling and Toxicokinetic Analysis","authors":"Jiamin Li, Hao Zhang, Ke Zhao, Chengcheng Han, Changjian Li, Lei Fang, Haiyong Jia, Yong Wang, Hanqiu Tang, Qingfeng Zhai, Peng Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137989","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore the metabolite profiles of populations engaged in intensive vegetable cultivation and their exposure to pesticides. As urbanization progresses and eating habits evolve, intensive vegetable farming has rapidly expanded; however, this cultivation method poses potential health risks to farmers, particularly due to long-term exposure to “greenhouse gases” in enclosed environments. The study investigated the demographic characteristics of individuals in vegetable-growing areas, collected relevant biological samples, and assessed exposure levels by analyzing pesticide metabolites in urine. The results indicated that the types and concentrations of pesticide metabolites detected in the urine of the exposed group were significantly higher than those in the control group, with notable increases in neonicotinoid metabolites such as dinotefuran (DIN) and thiacloprid. Furthermore, the impact of these pesticides on mammalian organisms was examined through animal experiments, which revealed dynamic changes in the concentration of DIN in mouse serum and urine, providing valuable data on its biological metabolic characteristics. These findings underscore the importance of ongoing disease prevention, pollution control, and the need for enhanced health monitoring and protective measures for agricultural workers.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143654156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137947
Jiyun Kang, Cong Minh Tran, Handule Lee, Seong Soon Kim, Sung-Hee Cho, Myeongae Bae, Kwangsik Park, Ki-Tae Kim
Alternative phthalates (APs) have been developed due to the reported adverse effects of conventional phthalates (CPs). However, whether APs are nontoxic and can replace CPs remains controversial due to their endocrine-disrupting (ED) effects. Herein, to investigate the ED potential of diethyl-hexyl-cyclohexane (DEHCH), a newly developed non-phthalate-structured AP, we employed in silico (molecular docking simulation), in vitro (cell-based assays for estrogen and androgen receptors), and in vivo (zebrafish embryo model) methods. We also compared the results with two CPs (di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [DEHP] and diisononyl phthalate [DINP]) and two previously proposed non-phthalate-structured APs (1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester [DINCH] and di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate [DEHTP]). DEHCH did not exhibit the highest binding affinity for any of the five receptors such as estrogen, androgen, glucocorticoid receptors, and thyroid receptor alpha and beta. None of the tested phthalates exhibited agonistic or antagonistic effects on estrogen and androgen receptors. In zebrafish larvae, DEHCH did not affect the expression of the nine endocrine-related genes and neurobehaviors, which correlates well with the lack of changes in the endogenous concentrations of the five neurosteroids. In contrast, DINCH, DEHP, and DEHTP induced hyperactivity, and except for DEHCH, four phthalates significantly upregulated at least one gene. In addition, DINCH significantly increased the expression of cortisol and DEHP increased progesterone, allopregnanolone, and cortisol. These findings demonstrate that DEHCH is safer than CPs and the previously proposed APs in terms of ED effects, including neuronal system dysregulation.
{"title":"Diethyl-hexyl-cyclohexane (Eco-DEHCH) is a safer phthalate alternative that does not elicit neuroendocrine disrupting effects","authors":"Jiyun Kang, Cong Minh Tran, Handule Lee, Seong Soon Kim, Sung-Hee Cho, Myeongae Bae, Kwangsik Park, Ki-Tae Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137947","url":null,"abstract":"Alternative phthalates (APs) have been developed due to the reported adverse effects of conventional phthalates (CPs). However, whether APs are nontoxic and can replace CPs remains controversial due to their endocrine-disrupting (ED) effects. Herein, to investigate the ED potential of diethyl-hexyl-cyclohexane (DEHCH), a newly developed non-phthalate-structured AP, we employed <em>in silico</em> (molecular docking simulation), <em>in vitro</em> (cell-based assays for estrogen and androgen receptors), and <em>in vivo</em> (zebrafish embryo model) methods. We also compared the results with two CPs (di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate [DEHP] and diisononyl phthalate [DINP]) and two previously proposed non-phthalate-structured APs (1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester [DINCH] and di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate [DEHTP]). DEHCH did not exhibit the highest binding affinity for any of the five receptors such as estrogen, androgen, glucocorticoid receptors, and thyroid receptor alpha and beta. None of the tested phthalates exhibited agonistic or antagonistic effects on estrogen and androgen receptors. In zebrafish larvae, DEHCH did not affect the expression of the nine endocrine-related genes and neurobehaviors, which correlates well with the lack of changes in the endogenous concentrations of the five neurosteroids. In contrast, DINCH, DEHP, and DEHTP induced hyperactivity, and except for DEHCH, four phthalates significantly upregulated at least one gene. In addition, DINCH significantly increased the expression of cortisol and DEHP increased progesterone, allopregnanolone, and cortisol. These findings demonstrate that DEHCH is safer than CPs and the previously proposed APs in terms of ED effects, including neuronal system dysregulation.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137993
Lai Wei, Ya Yang, Hongwen Gao, Rui Wang, Feng Cao, Qinghui Huang
This study investigated the biogeochemical dynamics influencing the distribution of organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) from the Changjiang Estuary to the adjacent East China Sea, a region characterized by pronounced physicochemical gradients. Twelve out of thirteen OPFR congeners, including traditional and emerging OPFRs, were detected in sediments and seawater samples. Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) were the dominant congeners. Intensive relationships emerged between OPFR concentrations and biogeochemical parameters. Turbidity maximum zone (TMZ) was identified as a critical hotspot for OPFR pollution. Elevated OPFR levels in nutrient-rich upwelling and offshore regions suggest linkages to biological processes and potential ecological impacts. Furthermore, OPFR concentrations in seawater displayed inverse correlations with tidal fluctuations, highlighting hydrodynamic influences on contaminant dispersal. Based on the relationship between biogeochemical parameters and OPFR concentrations, a Random Forest (RF) model was developed to project OPFR concentrations for the year 2100 under a high-emission climate-change scenario (RCP 8.5). The prediction results were marginally lower compared to current conditions, and temperature emerged as the most significant driver of future OPFRs changes. Notably, emerging OPFRs presented comparable ecological risk to traditional OPFRs, which should be a concern in future regulations.
{"title":"Biogeochemical Impact on the Distribution Variations of Organophosphorus Flame Retardants in Estuarine Area and Insight into Climate Change","authors":"Lai Wei, Ya Yang, Hongwen Gao, Rui Wang, Feng Cao, Qinghui Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137993","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the biogeochemical dynamics influencing the distribution of organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs) from the Changjiang Estuary to the adjacent East China Sea, a region characterized by pronounced physicochemical gradients. Twelve out of thirteen OPFR congeners, including traditional and emerging OPFRs, were detected in sediments and seawater samples. Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate (TCEP) and tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) were the dominant congeners. Intensive relationships emerged between OPFR concentrations and biogeochemical parameters. Turbidity maximum zone (TMZ) was identified as a critical hotspot for OPFR pollution. Elevated OPFR levels in nutrient-rich upwelling and offshore regions suggest linkages to biological processes and potential ecological impacts. Furthermore, OPFR concentrations in seawater displayed inverse correlations with tidal fluctuations, highlighting hydrodynamic influences on contaminant dispersal. Based on the relationship between biogeochemical parameters and OPFR concentrations, a Random Forest (RF) model was developed to project OPFR concentrations for the year 2100 under a high-emission climate-change scenario (RCP 8.5). The prediction results were marginally lower compared to current conditions, and temperature emerged as the most significant driver of future OPFRs changes. Notably, emerging OPFRs presented comparable ecological risk to traditional OPFRs, which should be a concern in future regulations.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143640449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137994
Zhaoyang Han, Jingyun Wang, Xiaoyong Liao, Jun Yang
Accurate prediction of heavy metals (HMs) spatial distribution in mining areas is crucial for pollution management. However, predicting the spatial distribution of HMs remains a significant challenge in mining areas with complex terrain and variable contaminant transport pathways. This study aims to optimize the spatial prediction of arsenic (As) distribution in the Shimen realgar mining area, the largest in Asia, by integrating machine learning models with kriging interpolation and feature selection techniques. The results show that the Random Forest (RF) model achieved the best performance in predicting soil As concentration, with an R2 of 0.84 for the test data. Incorporating environmental variables improved the spatial prediction accuracy, with RF (R2 = 0.76, RMSE = 24.68 mg/kg) and Random Forest Regression Kriging (RFRK) (R2 = 0.78, RMSE = 23.46 mg/kg) outperforming ordinary kriging and geographically weighted regression kriging. Importance analysis and recursive feature elimination further optimized the model, leading to a 5% increase in R2 and a reduction of RMSE by 8%–12.4%. The optimized RFRK model accurately captured the spatial distribution of As in the mining area, revealing the outward diffusion pattern of As from the smelting plant. The findings highlight the critical role of feature selection in improving prediction accuracy in highly polluted and complex terrain regions, an aspect that has often been overlooked in previous studies. This study provides a practical framework for spatial prediction of contaminants in similar areas, enhancing the understanding of pollution distribution.
{"title":"Accurate Prediction of Spatial Distribution of Soil Heavy Metal in Complex Mining Terrain Using an Improved Machine Learning Method","authors":"Zhaoyang Han, Jingyun Wang, Xiaoyong Liao, Jun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137994","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate prediction of heavy metals (HMs) spatial distribution in mining areas is crucial for pollution management. However, predicting the spatial distribution of HMs remains a significant challenge in mining areas with complex terrain and variable contaminant transport pathways. This study aims to optimize the spatial prediction of arsenic (As) distribution in the Shimen realgar mining area, the largest in Asia, by integrating machine learning models with kriging interpolation and feature selection techniques. The results show that the Random Forest (RF) model achieved the best performance in predicting soil As concentration, with an R<sup>2</sup> of 0.84 for the test data. Incorporating environmental variables improved the spatial prediction accuracy, with RF (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.76, RMSE = 24.68<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/kg) and Random Forest Regression Kriging (RFRK) (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.78, RMSE = 23.46<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/kg) outperforming ordinary kriging and geographically weighted regression kriging. Importance analysis and recursive feature elimination further optimized the model, leading to a 5% increase in R<sup>2</sup> and a reduction of RMSE by 8%–12.4%. The optimized RFRK model accurately captured the spatial distribution of As in the mining area, revealing the outward diffusion pattern of As from the smelting plant. The findings highlight the critical role of feature selection in improving prediction accuracy in highly polluted and complex terrain regions, an aspect that has often been overlooked in previous studies. This study provides a practical framework for spatial prediction of contaminants in similar areas, enhancing the understanding of pollution distribution.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143640509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microplastics (MPs) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) interact and participate in natural carbon cycling in hyporheic ecosystems. Existing research has mainly examined the effects of different land-use types on DOM; the interaction between MPs and DOM across land-use types remains unclear. This study investigated the interactions and driving factors influencing MPs and DOM in sediments under different land-use patterns. The results revealed that the Jinghe River Basin was dominated by weakly alkaline siliceous gravel and sand. DOM characteristics showed strong spatial heterogeneity between anthropogenic and natural land uses. The main MPs were fibrous, blue and ≤500 µm, and the abundance of MPs ≥2000 µm in anthropogenic land was higher than those in mixed and natural land. Statistical analyses showed that the land use type directly determined the differences in the fractions of DOM, and sand and MPs ≥2000 µm were the main factors influencing DOM concentration. Release and adsorption were the main interaction mechanisms between DOM and MPs, which were driven by surrounding environmental factors, different land-use types, and MP characteristics. These findings provide a reference for further research on the complex interactions between MPs and DOM in aquatic environments and theoretical support for carbon cycle modelling in hyporheic ecosystems.
{"title":"Interaction and driving factors influencing microplastics and dissolved organic matter in the hyporheic ecosystem of the Jinghe River Basin under different land-use types","authors":"Yuting Zhang, Bingjie Li, Zeyu Chen, Jiayuan Feng, Jinxi Song, Yongqing Long, Myint Myint Nyein, Bawa Precious Tani, Mengyang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137967","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics (MPs) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) interact and participate in natural carbon cycling in hyporheic ecosystems. Existing research has mainly examined the effects of different land-use types on DOM; the interaction between MPs and DOM across land-use types remains unclear. This study investigated the interactions and driving factors influencing MPs and DOM in sediments under different land-use patterns. The results revealed that the Jinghe River Basin was dominated by weakly alkaline siliceous gravel and sand. DOM characteristics showed strong spatial heterogeneity between anthropogenic and natural land uses. The main MPs were fibrous, blue and ≤500<!-- --> <!-- -->µm, and the abundance of MPs ≥2000 µm in anthropogenic land was higher than those in mixed and natural land. Statistical analyses showed that the land use type directly determined the differences in the fractions of DOM, and sand and MPs ≥2000 µm were the main factors influencing DOM concentration. Release and adsorption were the main interaction mechanisms between DOM and MPs, which were driven by surrounding environmental factors, different land-use types, and MP characteristics. These findings provide a reference for further research on the complex interactions between MPs and DOM in aquatic environments and theoretical support for carbon cycle modelling in hyporheic ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143635589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137958
Xiaojing Sun, Jiaqi Li, Jiayu Fan, Jie Fan, Qingqing Deng, Minzhi Xu, Haomin Huang, Junliang Wu, Daiqi Ye
Sulfur-resistant stability of palladium-based catalysts is important for the long-time and efficient VOCs oxidation. Therefore, palladium-based catalysts with bimetallic alloy system could be designed to regulate the dynamic behavior of ethane (the representative of the VOCs) on active sites in the presence of H2S. Results showed that Pd-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst kept a high-efficient and stable conversion of ethane (ca. 100%) for 160 h at 500°C, indicating its excellent sulfur resistance. The sulfur-poisoning and sulfur resistance mechanism of Pd-Mo alloy was revealed by XPS, SO2-TPD, and DFT et al. Compared with metal Pd, Pd-Mo alloy performed relatively low desorption energy of SO2. Herein, SO2 was prone to be removed from the surface of Pd-Mo alloy easily, resulting in the inhibition of sulfates formation. This could explain the result that the sulfur-resistant stability of 1%Pd-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst was much higher than that of 1%Pd/Al2O3 catalyst at 500°C. It can be uncovered that the introduction of Mo could regulate the ratio of Pd0 to Pd2+ species, which could regulate catalytic performance of catalysts in the complex catalytic oxidation-sulfur resistance system. And only when the ratio of Pd0/(Pd0+Pd2+) was 50% roughly, 1%Pd-Mo/Al2O3 catalyst performed the strongest sulfur resistance and exhibited significant oxidation activity towards ethane. The reaction route of H2S could follow: Hydrogen sulfide→Organic sulfur (Sulfide)→Sulfur→Sulfur dioxide→Sulfite→Sulfate. The study revealed in this paper is crucial for the development and practical application of sulfur resistant catalysts.
{"title":"Study on sulfur-resistant Pd-based catalysts for high-efficiency oxidation of VOCs","authors":"Xiaojing Sun, Jiaqi Li, Jiayu Fan, Jie Fan, Qingqing Deng, Minzhi Xu, Haomin Huang, Junliang Wu, Daiqi Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137958","url":null,"abstract":"Sulfur-resistant stability of palladium-based catalysts is important for the long-time and efficient VOCs oxidation. Therefore, palladium-based catalysts with bimetallic alloy system could be designed to regulate the dynamic behavior of ethane (the representative of the VOCs) on active sites in the presence of H<sub>2</sub>S. Results showed that Pd-Mo/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst kept a high-efficient and stable conversion of ethane (ca. 100%) for 160<!-- --> <!-- -->h at 500°C, indicating its excellent sulfur resistance. The sulfur-poisoning and sulfur resistance mechanism of Pd-Mo alloy was revealed by XPS, SO<sub>2</sub>-TPD, and DFT <em>et al</em>. Compared with metal Pd, Pd-Mo alloy performed relatively low desorption energy of SO<sub>2</sub>. Herein, SO<sub>2</sub> was prone to be removed from the surface of Pd-Mo alloy easily, resulting in the inhibition of sulfates formation. This could explain the result that the sulfur-resistant stability of 1%Pd-Mo/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst was much higher than that of 1%Pd/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst at 500°C. It can be uncovered that the introduction of Mo could regulate the ratio of Pd<sup>0</sup> to Pd<sup>2+</sup> species, which could regulate catalytic performance of catalysts in the complex catalytic oxidation-sulfur resistance system. And only when the ratio of Pd<sup>0</sup>/(Pd<sup>0</sup>+Pd<sup>2+</sup>) was 50% roughly, 1%Pd-Mo/Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> catalyst performed the strongest sulfur resistance and exhibited significant oxidation activity towards ethane. The reaction route of H<sub>2</sub>S could follow: Hydrogen sulfide→Organic sulfur (Sulfide)→Sulfur→Sulfur dioxide→Sulfite→Sulfate. The study revealed in this paper is crucial for the development and practical application of sulfur resistant catalysts.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143640452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137959
Jiale Chen, Qingnan Yu, Tao Zhang, Yaonan Ma, Menghan Xiao, Chunhua Zhang, Ying Ge
The increasing cadmium (Cd) contamination in the environment poses a serious threat to ecosystem health and human safety. This study investigated the roles of quorum sensing (QS) genes luxI/R, key components of the QS system, in the Cd accumulation and detoxification in Aeromonas. Pan-genome analysis showed that luxI/R and Cd resistance genes were highly conserved in Aeromonas species. Strains of luxI/R knockout, complementation and overexpression were constructed via homologous recombination. The luxI/R deletion significantly reduced Cd removal by up to 32%, decreased extracellular protein (18-36%) and polysaccharide (19-33%) contents, whereas luxI/R overexpression enhanced Cd removal capacity by 11%. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses further revealed coordinated changes. In the ΔluxI/R strain, genes involved in assimilatory sulfate reduction and arginine biosynthesis were downregulated, accompanied by reduced levels of glycerophospholipid, vitamin, and cytochrome P450-related metabolites. In contrast, luxI/R overexpression upregulated arginine synthesis (2.0~3.5-fold) and sulfate assimilation (1.4~2.4-fold) genes, with corresponding increases of metabolites. Together these findings demonstrate that luxI/R genes may play a crucial role in regulation of EPS production and Cd resistance gene expression, thus enhancing our understanding of microbial Cd detoxification mechanisms.
{"title":"Quorum sensing luxI/R genes enhances cadmium detoxification in Aeromonas by up-regulating EPS production and cadmium resistance genes","authors":"Jiale Chen, Qingnan Yu, Tao Zhang, Yaonan Ma, Menghan Xiao, Chunhua Zhang, Ying Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137959","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137959","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing cadmium (Cd) contamination in the environment poses a serious threat to ecosystem health and human safety. This study investigated the roles of quorum sensing (QS) genes <em>luxI/R</em>, key components of the QS system, in the Cd accumulation and detoxification in <em>Aeromonas</em>. Pan-genome analysis showed that <em>luxI/R</em> and Cd resistance genes were highly conserved in <em>Aeromonas</em> species. Strains of <em>luxI/R</em> knockout, complementation and overexpression were constructed via homologous recombination. The <em>luxI/R</em> deletion significantly reduced Cd removal by up to 32%, decreased extracellular protein (18-36%) and polysaccharide (19-33%) contents, whereas <em>luxI/R</em> overexpression enhanced Cd removal capacity by 11%. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses further revealed coordinated changes. In the Δ<em>luxI/R</em> strain, genes involved in assimilatory sulfate reduction and arginine biosynthesis were downregulated, accompanied by reduced levels of glycerophospholipid, vitamin, and cytochrome P450-related metabolites. In contrast, <em>luxI/R</em> overexpression upregulated arginine synthesis (2.0~3.5-fold) and sulfate assimilation (1.4~2.4-fold) genes, with corresponding increases of metabolites. Together these findings demonstrate that <em>luxI/R</em> genes may play a crucial role in regulation of EPS production and Cd resistance gene expression, thus enhancing our understanding of microbial Cd detoxification mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143640453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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