Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137175
Ning Chen, Guangxia Liu, Wentao Chen, Juan Wang, Yu Zeng, Ziyan Yang, Yujun Wang, Guodong Fang
Hydroxyl radical (•OH) plays a critical role in accelerating organic contaminant attenuation during water-table decline in paddy soil, but the impacts of widely applied agricultural amendments (e.g., organic manure, rice straw, and biochar) on these processes have been rarely explored. Hence, the effects of agricultural amendments on •OH formation and pollutant degradation were examined based on field experiments. Compared with control, organic fertilizer (supplying more organic carbon (OC) and bioavailable elements that promoted Fe(II) formation by microorganisms) enhanced •OH production by 0.8–1.3 times, while straw returning and biochar have negligible effects, probably due to the decreased pH and inhibition of microorganisms. The increased oxidation of active Fe(II) species (e.g., exchangeable Fe(II) and Fe(II) in lower-crystallinity minerals) mainly contributed to •OH production. Further analyses showed that organic fertilizers significantly enhanced the redox cycling of Fe species mainly through increasing the contents of soil organic carbon and relative abundances of Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms. In addition, the increased •OH formation markedly enhanced imidacloprid degradation by 24.3–42.4 %, with the toxicity of intermediates increased versus the parent compound. This study systematically examined the effects of typical agricultural amendments on the •OH formation and organic contaminant attenuation in paddy soil, which probably provides promising strategies for regulating contaminant remediation in agricultural fields.
{"title":"Agricultural amendments enhanced the redox cycling of iron species and hydroxyl radical formation during redox fluctuation of paddy soil","authors":"Ning Chen, Guangxia Liu, Wentao Chen, Juan Wang, Yu Zeng, Ziyan Yang, Yujun Wang, Guodong Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137175","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxyl radical (<sup>•</sup>OH) plays a critical role in accelerating organic contaminant attenuation during water-table decline in paddy soil, but the impacts of widely applied agricultural amendments (e.g., organic manure, rice straw, and biochar) on these processes have been rarely explored. Hence, the effects of agricultural amendments on <sup>•</sup>OH formation and pollutant degradation were examined based on field experiments. Compared with control, organic fertilizer (supplying more organic carbon (OC) and bioavailable elements that promoted Fe(II) formation by microorganisms) enhanced <sup>•</sup>OH production by 0.8–1.3 times, while straw returning and biochar have negligible effects, probably due to the decreased pH and inhibition of microorganisms. The increased oxidation of active Fe(II) species (e.g., exchangeable Fe(II) and Fe(II) in lower-crystallinity minerals) mainly contributed to <sup>•</sup>OH production. Further analyses showed that organic fertilizers significantly enhanced the redox cycling of Fe species mainly through increasing the contents of soil organic carbon and relative abundances of Fe(III)-reducing microorganisms. In addition, the increased <sup>•</sup>OH formation markedly enhanced imidacloprid degradation by 24.3–42.4 %, with the toxicity of intermediates increased versus the parent compound. This study systematically examined the effects of typical agricultural amendments on the <sup>•</sup>OH formation and organic contaminant attenuation in paddy soil, which probably provides promising strategies for regulating contaminant remediation in agricultural fields.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the distinct difference in chemical properties, analysis of organic pollutants and heavy metals generally employs different sample preparation and measurement techniques, resulting in low analytical efficiency and high cost. To this end, a strategy for the co-extraction and then simultaneous quantification of organic pollutants and heavy metals was proposed by the on-line hyphenation of magnetic field-assisted in-tube solid phase microextraction (MA/IT-SPME) and HPLC technique. Simultaneous analysis of triazoles and chromium species were adopted as paradigm to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed strategy. Firstly, ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APD) was used to coordinate with Cr(III) and Cr(VI) to form metal organic complexes. And then, a monolith-based capillary column mingled with magnetic nanoparticles (MBC) was target-tailored and employed as the extraction medium of MA/IT-SPME. Results uncovered that the application of magnetic fields at extraction procedure increased the co-extraction efficiency from 46.2-75.3% to 80.5-98.0%. Under the beneficial parameters, the established on-line hyphenation method was successfully applied to simultaneously measure triazoles and chromium species in water and soil samples. The current study not only provides a valuable basis for the realization of simultaneous treatment and analysis of organic pollutants and heavy metals, but also greatly expands the application scenarios of IT-SPME.
Environmental implication
Organic pollutants and heavy metals belong to hazardous substances. Traditional analysis of the two classes of pollutants generally employs different sample preparation and measurement techniques, resulting in low analytical efficiency and high cost. To this end, a strategy for the co-extraction and then simultaneous quantification of organic pollutants and heavy metals was proposed by the on-line hyphenation of magnetic field-assisted in-tube solid phase microextraction (MA/IT-SPME) and HPLC technique. The current study not only provides a valuable basis for the realization of simultaneous treatment and analysis of organic pollutants and heavy metals, but also greatly expands the application scenarios of IT-SPME.
{"title":"Strategy for the co-extraction and simultaneous quantification of organic pollutants and heavy metals by the on-line hyphenation of magnetic field-assisted in-tube solid phase microextraction and chromatographic technique","authors":"Xiaochong Song, Jingjuan Wang, Yuanfei Wu, Xiaojia Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137200","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the distinct difference in chemical properties, analysis of organic pollutants and heavy metals generally employs different sample preparation and measurement techniques, resulting in low analytical efficiency and high cost. To this end, a strategy for the co-extraction and then simultaneous quantification of organic pollutants and heavy metals was proposed by the on-line hyphenation of magnetic field-assisted in-tube solid phase microextraction (MA/IT-SPME) and HPLC technique. Simultaneous analysis of triazoles and chromium species were adopted as paradigm to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed strategy. Firstly, ammonium pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (APD) was used to coordinate with Cr(III) and Cr(VI) to form metal organic complexes. And then, a monolith-based capillary column mingled with magnetic nanoparticles (MBC) was target-tailored and employed as the extraction medium of MA/IT-SPME. Results uncovered that the application of magnetic fields at extraction procedure increased the co-extraction efficiency from 46.2-75.3% to 80.5-98.0%. Under the beneficial parameters, the established on-line hyphenation method was successfully applied to simultaneously measure triazoles and chromium species in water and soil samples. The current study not only provides a valuable basis for the realization of simultaneous treatment and analysis of organic pollutants and heavy metals, but also greatly expands the application scenarios of IT-SPME.<h3>Environmental implication</h3>Organic pollutants and heavy metals belong to hazardous substances. Traditional analysis of the two classes of pollutants generally employs different sample preparation and measurement techniques, resulting in low analytical efficiency and high cost. To this end, a strategy for the co-extraction and then simultaneous quantification of organic pollutants and heavy metals was proposed by the on-line hyphenation of magnetic field-assisted in-tube solid phase microextraction (MA/IT-SPME) and HPLC technique. The current study not only provides a valuable basis for the realization of simultaneous treatment and analysis of organic pollutants and heavy metals, but also greatly expands the application scenarios of IT-SPME.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137211
Shane A. Landry, Milan Jamriska, Vinay J. Menon, Leo Yi Yang Lee, Isabelle Magnin-Bougma, Dinesh Subedi, Jeremy J. Barr, Jason Monty, Kevin Kevin, Ajith Gunatilaka, Michelle Delaire, Guy B. Marks, Andrew J. Stewardson, Lidia Morawska, Bradley A. Edwards, Suman S. Majumdar, Kanta Subbarao, Simon A. Joosten
Mitigation measures against infectious aerosols are desperately needed. We aimed to: 1) compare germicidal ultraviolet radiation (GUV) at 254 nm (254-GUVUpper-Room) and 222 nm (222-GUVWhole-Room) with portable high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters to inactivate/remove airborne bacteriophage ϕX174, 2) measure the effect of air mixing on the effectiveness of 254-GUVUpper-Room, and 3) determine the relative susceptibility of ϕX174, SARS-CoV-2, and Influenza A(H3N2) to GUV (254 nm, 222 nm). A nebulizer generated ϕX174 laden aerosols in an occupied clinical room (sealed-low flow). Mitigation devices (3 commercial GUV devices, HEPA-470m3/hr-class H13 filter) were compared by counterbalanced experimental design with negative (no mitigation) control. Viral inactivation was determined by air sampling (SartoriusMD8 and Gilair5). Environmental physical properties (airflow, particle matter, GUV irradiance, temperature and humidity) were also characterized. The effect of improving air mixing on the efficacy of 254-GUVUpper-Room devices was systematically explored by adding fans. The relative susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A(H3N2) and ϕX174 were assessed by exposure to 254 nm and 222 nm wavelength radiation in a 82 L chamber. 254-GUVUpper-Room with highest irradiance (Philips UV-C WL345W) resulted in highest calculated equivalent air changes per hour (eACH) of 8.18±0.74 (hr-1). This increased to 19.20±2.45 (hr-1) with the addition of 2 fans. HEPA filtration achieved 11.10±1.25 (hr-1). For 254 nm GUV rank order (most-to-least) of susceptibility was SARS-CoV-2, ϕX174, Influenza A(H3N2), and for 222 nm GUV SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A(H3N2), ϕX174. GUV effectively inactivates virus laden aerosol in poorly ventilated clinical environments. Efficacy is improved by increasing airflow. HEPA performance is superior to GUV under low flow conditions.
{"title":"ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION VS AIR FILTRATION TO MITIGATE VIRUS LADEN AEROSOL IN AN OCCUPIED CLINICAL ROOM","authors":"Shane A. Landry, Milan Jamriska, Vinay J. Menon, Leo Yi Yang Lee, Isabelle Magnin-Bougma, Dinesh Subedi, Jeremy J. Barr, Jason Monty, Kevin Kevin, Ajith Gunatilaka, Michelle Delaire, Guy B. Marks, Andrew J. Stewardson, Lidia Morawska, Bradley A. Edwards, Suman S. Majumdar, Kanta Subbarao, Simon A. Joosten","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137211","url":null,"abstract":"Mitigation measures against infectious aerosols are desperately needed. We aimed to: 1) compare germicidal ultraviolet radiation (GUV) at 254<!-- --> <!-- -->nm (254-GUV<sub>Upper-Room</sub>) and 222<!-- --> <!-- -->nm (222-GUV<sub>Whole-Room</sub>) with portable high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters to inactivate/remove airborne bacteriophage ϕX174, 2) measure the effect of air mixing on the effectiveness of 254-GUV<sub>Upper-Room</sub>, and 3) determine the relative susceptibility of ϕX174, SARS-CoV-2, and Influenza A(H3N2) to GUV (254<!-- --> <!-- -->nm, 222<!-- --> <!-- -->nm). A nebulizer generated ϕX174 laden aerosols in an occupied clinical room (sealed-low flow). Mitigation devices (3 commercial GUV devices, HEPA-470m<sup>3</sup>/hr-class H13 filter) were compared by counterbalanced experimental design with negative (no mitigation) control. Viral inactivation was determined by air sampling (SartoriusMD8 and Gilair5). Environmental physical properties (airflow, particle matter, GUV irradiance, temperature and humidity) were also characterized. The effect of improving air mixing on the efficacy of 254-GUV<sub>Upper-Room</sub> devices was systematically explored by adding fans. The relative susceptibility of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A(H3N2) and ϕX174 were assessed by exposure to 254<!-- --> <!-- -->nm and 222<!-- --> <!-- -->nm wavelength radiation in a 82<!-- --> <!-- -->L chamber. 254-GUV<sub>Upper-Room</sub> with highest irradiance (Philips UV-C WL345W) resulted in highest calculated equivalent air changes per hour (eACH) of 8.18±0.74 (hr<sup>-1</sup>). This increased to 19.20±2.45 (hr<sup>-1</sup>) with the addition of 2 fans. HEPA filtration achieved 11.10±1.25 (hr<sup>-1</sup>). For 254<!-- --> <!-- -->nm GUV rank order (most-to-least) of susceptibility was SARS-CoV-2, ϕX174, Influenza A(H3N2), and for 222<!-- --> <!-- -->nm GUV SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A(H3N2), ϕX174. GUV effectively inactivates virus laden aerosol in poorly ventilated clinical environments. Efficacy is improved by increasing airflow. HEPA performance is superior to GUV under low flow conditions.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137205
Li Yin, Kaipian Shi, Yu Yin, Yong Zhang, Lin Xu, Junfeng An, Chunqing Peng, Conghui Wang, Huan He, Shaogui Yang, Lixiao Ni, Shiyin Li
Harmful algal blooms are a critical eco-environmental issue with severe impacts on aquatic ecosystems and human health. Tannic acid (TA) has been suggested as an effective algal bloom control, but the molecular mechanisms of its interaction with algae cells and its effects on algal toxin release remain unclear. This study tracked toxin production and release in the toxigenic species Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) exposed to TA, revealing underlying mechanisms through proteomic analysis. High TA doses effectively inhibited M. aeruginosa growth and microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) production. However, at a specific TA concentration, M. aeruginosa produced and released more MCs, with extracellular MC-LR levels peaking at 1.91 times the control on day 15. Proteomic analysis indicated upregulation of proteins related to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glycolysis, and leucine and arginine biosynthesis, suggesting a compensatory response in M. aeruginosa under TA stress that enhanced cellular energy supply and MC-LR biosynthesis. In addition, TA exposure significantly downregulated proteins involved in ion and metal-cluster binding, disrupting electron transfer and photosynthesis. This study provides new insights into TA-induced MC-pollution risks and TA’s mechanisms in algae suppression, offering guidance for its application in algal bloom control.
{"title":"Long-term suppression of Microcystis aeruginosa by tannic acid: risks of microcystin pollution and proteomic mechanisms","authors":"Li Yin, Kaipian Shi, Yu Yin, Yong Zhang, Lin Xu, Junfeng An, Chunqing Peng, Conghui Wang, Huan He, Shaogui Yang, Lixiao Ni, Shiyin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137205","url":null,"abstract":"Harmful algal blooms are a critical eco-environmental issue with severe impacts on aquatic ecosystems and human health. Tannic acid (TA) has been suggested as an effective algal bloom control, but the molecular mechanisms of its interaction with algae cells and its effects on algal toxin release remain unclear. This study tracked toxin production and release in the toxigenic species <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em> (<em>M. aeruginosa</em>) exposed to TA, revealing underlying mechanisms through proteomic analysis. High TA doses effectively inhibited <em>M. aeruginosa</em> growth and microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) production. However, at a specific TA concentration, <em>M. aeruginosa</em> produced and released more MCs, with extracellular MC-LR levels peaking at 1.91 times the control on day 15. Proteomic analysis indicated upregulation of proteins related to the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, glycolysis, and leucine and arginine biosynthesis, suggesting a compensatory response in <em>M. aeruginosa</em> under TA stress that enhanced cellular energy supply and MC-LR biosynthesis. In addition, TA exposure significantly downregulated proteins involved in ion and metal-cluster binding, disrupting electron transfer and photosynthesis. This study provides new insights into TA-induced MC-pollution risks and TA’s mechanisms in algae suppression, offering guidance for its application in algal bloom control.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137185
Javed Iqbal, Chunli Su, Hasnain Abbas, Jiaqi Jiang, Zhantao Han, Muhammad Yousuf Jat Baloch, Xianjun Xie
Groundwater faces a pervasive threat from anthropogenic nitrate contamination worldwide, particularly in regions characterized by intensive agricultural practices. This study examines groundwater quality in the Nansi Lake Basin (NSLB), emphasizing nitrate (NO3--N) contamination. Utilizing 422 groundwater samples, it investigates hydrochemical dynamics and the impact of land use on groundwater composition. Key methods include hydrogeochemical analysis, PCA, and the Duncan comparison method. The innovative aspect lies in using Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Networks (MLP-ANNs) to predict NO3--N contamination. The results showed that NO3--N levels ranged from 0.004 to 177.72 mg/L, with approximately 43.6% of the samples exceeding the safe drinking water limit of 10 mg/L (WHO 2022). Substantial spatial variability in the concentrations of major ions within aquifers, with NO3--N exhibiting the most significant fluctuations. The factors responsible for the hydrochemical composition of groundwater include recharge sources, water-rock interaction, prevailing groundwater environment, land use patterns, and related anthropogenic activities. Notably, land use types, primarily farmland and rural areas, exhibited a strong association with NO3--N. The MLP-ANNs achieved high prediction accuracy for NO3--N, with an AUC of 0.85. The MLP-ANN model identified heightened susceptibility to nitrate contamination in the central and southeastern regions, characterized by dense shallow wells (<60 m). Key factors include nitrogen-based fertilizer overuse, agricultural runoff, domestic wastewater discharge, and septic system leakage. The vulnerability is exacerbated by highly permeable loose rock pore water systems underlying intensively cultivated agricultural lands. This study elucidates the complex interrelation between natural processes and anthropogenic activities that influence groundwater quality, providing valuable perspectives that could guide the formulation of policies and practices aimed at promoting sustainable groundwater utilization and environmental conservation.
{"title":"Prediction of Nitrate Concentration and the Impact of Land Use Types on Groundwater in the Nansi Lake Basin","authors":"Javed Iqbal, Chunli Su, Hasnain Abbas, Jiaqi Jiang, Zhantao Han, Muhammad Yousuf Jat Baloch, Xianjun Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137185","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater faces a pervasive threat from anthropogenic nitrate contamination worldwide, particularly in regions characterized by intensive agricultural practices. This study examines groundwater quality in the Nansi Lake Basin (NSLB), emphasizing nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N) contamination. Utilizing 422 groundwater samples, it investigates hydrochemical dynamics and the impact of land use on groundwater composition. Key methods include hydrogeochemical analysis, PCA, and the Duncan comparison method. The innovative aspect lies in using Multilayer Perceptron Artificial Neural Networks (MLP-ANNs) to predict NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N contamination. The results showed that NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N levels ranged from 0.004 to 177.72<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/L, with approximately 43.6% of the samples exceeding the safe drinking water limit of 10<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/L (WHO 2022). Substantial spatial variability in the concentrations of major ions within aquifers, with NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N exhibiting the most significant fluctuations. The factors responsible for the hydrochemical composition of groundwater include recharge sources, water-rock interaction, prevailing groundwater environment, land use patterns, and related anthropogenic activities. Notably, land use types, primarily farmland and rural areas, exhibited a strong association with NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N. The MLP-ANNs achieved high prediction accuracy for NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>-N, with an AUC of 0.85. The MLP-ANN model identified heightened susceptibility to nitrate contamination in the central and southeastern regions, characterized by dense shallow wells (<60<!-- --> <!-- -->m). Key factors include nitrogen-based fertilizer overuse, agricultural runoff, domestic wastewater discharge, and septic system leakage. The vulnerability is exacerbated by highly permeable loose rock pore water systems underlying intensively cultivated agricultural lands. This study elucidates the complex interrelation between natural processes and anthropogenic activities that influence groundwater quality, providing valuable perspectives that could guide the formulation of policies and practices aimed at promoting sustainable groundwater utilization and environmental conservation.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137218
Xu Zhao, Sen Zhang, Zhubing Hu, Zehua Ren, Tingxia Wang, Bo Zhu, Lihui An, Hongbo Wang, Jianli Liu
Perfluoroalkyl and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) release from textiles is a source of human exposure, but the mechanisms behind this release remain insufficiently studied. This research investigates the release and transport mechanisms of PFAS in outdoor jacket fabrics treated with a short side-chain fluorinated polymers (C6F13-SFPs) for durable water repellency (DWR). PA-based and PET-based fabrics were exposed to outdoor conditions and subjected to accelerated aging, followed by abrasion, washing, and drying experiments to simulate wear and degradation. The fabrics were analyzed for total fluorine (TF) content, PFAS composition, and microplastic fibers (MFs) release. Photocatalytic oxidation was applied to fabric extracts to assess the transformation of PFAS precursors. The results show that aging causes a reduction in TF content and an increase in PFAS migration to inner fabric layers, particularly perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) and n:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH). Extended washing cycles further elevated fluorine release and MF shedding, with significant fluorine detected in the wash effluents and MFs. In summary, PFAS in outdoor jackets after use exceed regulatory limits and are hazardous to the environment. Therefore, setting limits for only a few PFAS is inadequate to assess release hazards. Future efforts should revise regulations based on release pathways, assess toxicity, and develop better prevention technologies.
{"title":"Research on the PFAS release and migration behavior of multi-layer outdoor jacket fabrics","authors":"Xu Zhao, Sen Zhang, Zhubing Hu, Zehua Ren, Tingxia Wang, Bo Zhu, Lihui An, Hongbo Wang, Jianli Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137218","url":null,"abstract":"Perfluoroalkyl and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) release from textiles is a source of human exposure, but the mechanisms behind this release remain insufficiently studied. This research investigates the release and transport mechanisms of PFAS in outdoor jacket fabrics treated with a short side-chain fluorinated polymers (C<sub>6</sub>F<sub>13</sub>-SFPs) for durable water repellency (DWR). PA-based and PET-based fabrics were exposed to outdoor conditions and subjected to accelerated aging, followed by abrasion, washing, and drying experiments to simulate wear and degradation. The fabrics were analyzed for total fluorine (TF) content, PFAS composition, and microplastic fibers (MFs) release. Photocatalytic oxidation was applied to fabric extracts to assess the transformation of PFAS precursors. The results show that aging causes a reduction in TF content and an increase in PFAS migration to inner fabric layers, particularly perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) and n:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH). Extended washing cycles further elevated fluorine release and MF shedding, with significant fluorine detected in the wash effluents and MFs. In summary, PFAS in outdoor jackets after use exceed regulatory limits and are hazardous to the environment. Therefore, setting limits for only a few PFAS is inadequate to assess release hazards. Future efforts should revise regulations based on release pathways, assess toxicity, and develop better prevention technologies.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137210
Dachao Lin, Zhitian Peng, Xiaopeng Zhang, Zhihong Wang, Yi Wu, Xiaobin Ma, Han Zhang, Wei Song, Lifan Liu, Jinxu Nie, Xing Du
Groundwater is widely threatened by hazardous manganese and ammonia. In present study, a novel gravity-driven fixed-bed ceramic membrane filtration (GDFBCM) with critical PAC-MnOx-ceramsite filters was built to address these issues. Static ceramsite filters in GDCM significantly increased membrane flux from 11 L/m2·h to 18 L/m2·h on the 50th day of filtration. Their synergistic effects with aerated fluidization further reduced membrane fouling by 29%. Ammonia removal was improved from 62% to 78% by ceramsite filters after accelerating nitrification and denitrification by stimulating Nitrospira and Nitrosomonas. Metabolite secretion, ATP level, bacteria abundance and microorganism community analysis evidenced that ceramsite filters acted as immobilization carriers to stimulate Mn-oxidizing bacteria (e.g. Pseudomonas and Hyphomicrobium) for greater biological oxidation of dissolved manganese. According to FTIR, XRD, XPS spectra and SEM-EDS mapping, the facilitated formation of two-dimensional sheet-like birnessite on ceramsite filters established a virtuous cycle for continuous manganese removal. These processes further benefited from the increased hydraulic retention time by denser membranes. The excellent resistance to suddenly increasing pollution loading confirmed the outstanding applicability of GDFBCM. Energy consumption analysis also indicated that GDFBCM was an energy-saving system for groundwater treatment with the specific energy consumption of less than 4×10-3 kWh/m3.
{"title":"A novel gravity-driven fixed-bed ceramic membrane filtration (GDFBCM) with critical PAC-MnOx-ceramsite filters for simultaneously removing hazardous manganese and ammonia from groundwater","authors":"Dachao Lin, Zhitian Peng, Xiaopeng Zhang, Zhihong Wang, Yi Wu, Xiaobin Ma, Han Zhang, Wei Song, Lifan Liu, Jinxu Nie, Xing Du","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137210","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is widely threatened by hazardous manganese and ammonia. In present study, a novel gravity-driven fixed-bed ceramic membrane filtration (GDFBCM) with critical PAC-MnOx-ceramsite filters was built to address these issues. Static ceramsite filters in GDCM significantly increased membrane flux from 11<!-- --> <!-- -->L/m<sup>2</sup>·h to 18<!-- --> <!-- -->L/m<sup>2</sup>·h on the 50<sup>th</sup> day of filtration. Their synergistic effects with aerated fluidization further reduced membrane fouling by 29%. Ammonia removal was improved from 62% to 78% by ceramsite filters after accelerating nitrification and denitrification by stimulating <em>Nitrospira</em> and <em>Nitrosomonas</em>. Metabolite secretion, ATP level, bacteria abundance and microorganism community analysis evidenced that ceramsite filters acted as immobilization carriers to stimulate Mn-oxidizing bacteria (e.g. <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Hyphomicrobium</em>) for greater biological oxidation of dissolved manganese. According to FTIR, XRD, XPS spectra and SEM-EDS mapping, the facilitated formation of two-dimensional sheet-like birnessite on ceramsite filters established a virtuous cycle for continuous manganese removal. These processes further benefited from the increased hydraulic retention time by denser membranes. The excellent resistance to suddenly increasing pollution loading confirmed the outstanding applicability of GDFBCM. Energy consumption analysis also indicated that GDFBCM was an energy-saving system for groundwater treatment with the specific energy consumption of less than 4×10<sup>-3</sup> kWh/m<sup>3</sup>.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137199
Pengwei Li, Zirui Yin, Lin Ye
Non-antibiotic pollutants have been identified as contributors to the development of antibiotic resistance across various environments. Wastewater treatment plants, recognized as hotspots for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), have received extensive attention regarding the mechanisms driving resistance changes in activated sludge. However, the specific impacts of heavy metals and aromatic organics—common pollutants in industrial wastewater—on the resistome of activated sludge, as well as the underlying mechanisms driving these effects, remain underexplored. In this study, we investigated the bacterial community and ARGs in activated sludge under the stress of three heavy metals and three aromatic organics. Our results revealed that both heavy metals and organics led to an increase in the total abundance of ARGs. Notably, the bacA and sul1 genes exhibited the highest abundance under both stress conditions, serving as indicative ARGs of the activated sludge resistome. The elevated ARG abundance was directly linked to shifts in the bacterial community induced by stress from heavy metals and aromatic organics, indicating an indirect co-selection of ARGs via metal resistance genes and aromatic degrading genes. Despite the overall increase in ARG abundance, the proportion of high-risk ARGs did not rise, suggesting that higher ARG abundance does not necessarily correlate with an elevated risk.
{"title":"Understanding pollutant-driven shifts of antibiotic resistome in activated sludge: a lab-scale study","authors":"Pengwei Li, Zirui Yin, Lin Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137199","url":null,"abstract":"Non-antibiotic pollutants have been identified as contributors to the development of antibiotic resistance across various environments. Wastewater treatment plants, recognized as hotspots for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), have received extensive attention regarding the mechanisms driving resistance changes in activated sludge. However, the specific impacts of heavy metals and aromatic organics—common pollutants in industrial wastewater—on the resistome of activated sludge, as well as the underlying mechanisms driving these effects, remain underexplored. In this study, we investigated the bacterial community and ARGs in activated sludge under the stress of three heavy metals and three aromatic organics. Our results revealed that both heavy metals and organics led to an increase in the total abundance of ARGs. Notably, the <em>bacA</em> and <em>sul1</em> genes exhibited the highest abundance under both stress conditions, serving as indicative ARGs of the activated sludge resistome. The elevated ARG abundance was directly linked to shifts in the bacterial community induced by stress from heavy metals and aromatic organics, indicating an indirect co-selection of ARGs via metal resistance genes and aromatic degrading genes. Despite the overall increase in ARG abundance, the proportion of high-risk ARGs did not rise, suggesting that higher ARG abundance does not necessarily correlate with an elevated risk.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142968046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137214
Limei Ke, Jianxiu Liu, Guoqing Feng, Xingtian Li, Yao Zhang, Shiqi Zhang, Xindong Ma, Qian Di
The relationship between fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and cognition has been extensively investigated. However, the causal impact of acute PM2.5 purification on cognition improvement and the underlying biological mechanisms remain relatively opaque. Our double-blinded randomized controlled trial assessed the impact of acute PM2.5 purification on executive function, underpinned by multi-omics approaches including alternative splicing (AS) analysis. A total of 93 participants experienced a two-hour exposure to either reduced and normal PM2.5 levels. We measured the cognition of healthy young adults, collected peripheral blood before and after intervention, and performed multi-omics analysis including transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics. Results indicated that reducing PM2.5 by 1 μg/m3 was associated with a 0.10% (95% CI: [0.18%, 0.01%]; p = 0.031) improvement in executive function. Notably, we identified 96 AS events without concurrent transcriptional amount alterations. Multi-layered omics analyses revealed disrupted pathways in hypoxia, mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, and immune responses, validated by ELISA and biochemical assay. These findings demonstrated short-term improvements of cognition following PM2.5 purification and provide mechanistic understandings of PM2.5-induced cognition alterations. Crucially, this study underscores the significance of incorporating AS in the molecular framework of multi-omics research by exploring variable exon splicing, which could enrich multi-omics analysis methodologies and expose to broader audience.
细颗粒物（PM2.5）与认知之间的关系已得到广泛研究。然而，急性PM2.5净化对认知能力改善的因果影响以及潜在的生物机制仍然相对不透明。我们的双盲随机对照试验评估了急性PM2.5净化对执行功能的影响，并以包括替代剪接（AS）分析在内的多组学方法为基础。共有 93 名参与者暴露在 PM2.5 浓度降低或正常的环境中两小时。我们测量了健康年轻人的认知能力，收集了干预前后的外周血，并进行了包括转录组学、代谢组学和蛋白质组学在内的多组学分析。结果表明，PM2.5降低1 μg/m3与执行功能改善0.10% (95% CI: [0.18%, 0.01%]; p = 0.031)相关。值得注意的是，我们发现有 96 例 AS 事件没有同时发生转录量改变。多层次的全局分析揭示了缺氧、线粒体功能和能量代谢以及免疫反应的紊乱途径，并通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和生化试验进行了验证。这些研究结果表明，PM2.5净化后认知能力得到短期改善，并提供了对PM2.5诱导认知改变的机理理解。最重要的是，这项研究强调了通过探索可变外显子剪接将AS纳入多组学研究分子框架的意义，这可以丰富多组学分析方法，并让更多人了解。
{"title":"Effects of Acute PM2.5 Purification on Cognitive Function and Underlying Mechanisms: Evidence from Integrating Alternative Splicing into Multi-Omics","authors":"Limei Ke, Jianxiu Liu, Guoqing Feng, Xingtian Li, Yao Zhang, Shiqi Zhang, Xindong Ma, Qian Di","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137214","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between fine particulate matter (PM<sub>2.5</sub>) and cognition has been extensively investigated. However, the causal impact of acute PM<sub>2.5</sub> purification on cognition improvement and the underlying biological mechanisms remain relatively opaque. Our double-blinded randomized controlled trial assessed the impact of acute PM<sub>2.5</sub> purification on executive function, underpinned by multi-omics approaches including alternative splicing (AS) analysis. A total of 93 participants experienced a two-hour exposure to either reduced and normal PM<sub>2.5</sub> levels. We measured the cognition of healthy young adults, collected peripheral blood before and after intervention, and performed multi-omics analysis including transcriptomics, metabolomics, and proteomics. Results indicated that reducing PM<sub>2.5</sub> by 1<!-- --> <!-- -->μg/m<sup>3</sup> was associated with a 0.10% (95% CI: [0.18%, 0.01%]; p = 0.031) improvement in executive function. Notably, we identified 96 AS events without concurrent transcriptional amount alterations. Multi-layered omics analyses revealed disrupted pathways in hypoxia, mitochondrial function and energy metabolism, and immune responses, validated by ELISA and biochemical assay. These findings demonstrated short-term improvements of cognition following PM<sub>2.5</sub> purification and provide mechanistic understandings of PM<sub>2.5</sub>-induced cognition alterations. Crucially, this study underscores the significance of incorporating AS in the molecular framework of multi-omics research by exploring variable exon splicing, which could enrich multi-omics analysis methodologies and expose to broader audience.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The prevalence of nanoplastics in water has led to significant environmental and health concerns, yet effective and scalable strategies for mitigating this contamination remain limited. Here, we report a straightforward, efficient, and scalable approach to degrade nanoplastics in water using enzyme-loaded hydrogel granules with an interconnected porous structure and adjustable properties. These porous hydrogels were synthesized via a polymerization-induced phase separation method, allowing easy scaling-up. Our results show that enzyme-functionalized porous hydrogels slightly outperform free cutinase in nanoplastic degradation. Furthermore, immobilized enzymes exhibited enhanced stability under harsh conditions, achieving a 104.1% higher PET removal rate at pH 5 than free cutinase. Notably, the immobilized enzyme retained 39.9% of its initial degradation activity after five cycles, demonstrating good reuse stability. This method offers a promising and practical solution for using enzymes to address nanoplastic pollution in aquatic environments.
{"title":"Scalable Nanoplastic Degradation in Water with Enzyme-Functionalized Porous Hydrogels","authors":"Shaobin Zhang, Xuan Wang, Haixia Shen, Jing Zhang, Weiliang Dong, Ziyi Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.137196","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of nanoplastics in water has led to significant environmental and health concerns, yet effective and scalable strategies for mitigating this contamination remain limited. Here, we report a straightforward, efficient, and scalable approach to degrade nanoplastics in water using enzyme-loaded hydrogel granules with an interconnected porous structure and adjustable properties. These porous hydrogels were synthesized via a polymerization-induced phase separation method, allowing easy scaling-up. Our results show that enzyme-functionalized porous hydrogels slightly outperform free cutinase in nanoplastic degradation. Furthermore, immobilized enzymes exhibited enhanced stability under harsh conditions, achieving a 104.1% higher PET removal rate at pH 5 than free cutinase. Notably, the immobilized enzyme retained 39.9% of its initial degradation activity after five cycles, demonstrating good reuse stability. This method offers a promising and practical solution for using enzymes to address nanoplastic pollution in aquatic environments.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142967917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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