Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141382
Fangyuan Jiang, Jiaqi Ran, Feifei Wang, Yao Qu, Kaidi Lai, Ruixin Qu, Wenyuan Yang, Cheng Ye, Wenhai Chu
In subtropical monsoon regions, eutrophic lakes frequently experience concurrent heavy rainfall and algal blooms during the wet seasons. However, the combined effects of these events on source-water quality remain poorly understood. This study investigated the influence of rainfall on disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation potentials during algal blooms in Chaohu Lake—a critical water source servicing approximately 9 million people—and elucidated the dissolved organic matter (DOM)-mediated mechanisms underlying DBP variability. Following rainfall, total organic halogen concentrations in chlorinated lake waters increased from 537.6 ± 107.1 μg/Lto 716.5 ± 187.7 μg/L as Cl, accompanied by a 1.5- to 3.3-fold rise in DBP-associated cytotoxicity and a marked shift in DBP composition. Notably, post-rainfall concentrations of haloacetaldehydes (HALs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) increased significantly, whereas haloacetonitriles (HANs) decreased. This pattern aligns with a shift in DOM composition—from predominantly algal-derived constituents before rainfall to terrestrial-dominated components afterward, which explains the observed changes in DBP formation potential. Specifically, the post-rainfall decline in tyrosine-like proteins—key precursors of HANs—was associated with reduced HAN formation. Conversely, the increase in fulvic and humic acids, strongly promoted HAL and HAA formation. Multiple linear regression identified water temperature, dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic nitrogen, the biological index, and the humification index as key predictors of major DBP formation. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted management of key water-quality parameters to mitigate DBP precursor levels in eutrophic lakes, particularly following rainfall events.
{"title":"Rainfall-driven shifts in disinfection byproduct precursors in eutrophic lakes: From algal to terrestrial sources","authors":"Fangyuan Jiang, Jiaqi Ran, Feifei Wang, Yao Qu, Kaidi Lai, Ruixin Qu, Wenyuan Yang, Cheng Ye, Wenhai Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141382","url":null,"abstract":"In subtropical monsoon regions, eutrophic lakes frequently experience concurrent heavy rainfall and algal blooms during the wet seasons. However, the combined effects of these events on source-water quality remain poorly understood. This study investigated the influence of rainfall on disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation potentials during algal blooms in Chaohu Lake—a critical water source servicing approximately 9 million people—and elucidated the dissolved organic matter (DOM)-mediated mechanisms underlying DBP variability. Following rainfall, total organic halogen concentrations in chlorinated lake waters increased from 537.6 ± 107.1<!-- --> <!-- -->μg/Lto 716.5 ± 187.7<!-- --> <!-- -->μg/L as Cl, accompanied by a 1.5- to 3.3-fold rise in DBP-associated cytotoxicity and a marked shift in DBP composition. Notably, post-rainfall concentrations of haloacetaldehydes (HALs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) increased significantly, whereas haloacetonitriles (HANs) decreased. This pattern aligns with a shift in DOM composition—from predominantly algal-derived constituents before rainfall to terrestrial-dominated components afterward, which explains the observed changes in DBP formation potential. Specifically, the post-rainfall decline in tyrosine-like proteins—key precursors of HANs—was associated with reduced HAN formation. Conversely, the increase in fulvic and humic acids, strongly promoted HAL and HAA formation. Multiple linear regression identified water temperature, dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic nitrogen, the biological index, and the humification index as key predictors of major DBP formation. These findings underscore the urgent need for targeted management of key water-quality parameters to mitigate DBP precursor levels in eutrophic lakes, particularly following rainfall events.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146115994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141381
Hannah Mae Portus, Min Jeong Ban, Keugtae Kim, Kyung Hwa Cho, Sungpyo Kim, Jin Hwi Kim, Joo-Hyon Kang
{"title":"Temporal fusion transformer-based forecasting of COVID-19 infection trends using environmental indicators","authors":"Hannah Mae Portus, Min Jeong Ban, Keugtae Kim, Kyung Hwa Cho, Sungpyo Kim, Jin Hwi Kim, Joo-Hyon Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141381","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"310 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141392
Yuhang Cai, Jing-Yuan Zhai, Zhang Guo-Hui, Mei-Qi Lin, Yi-Hao Luo
Xanthates are widely used collectors in sulfide ore flotation, but pose ecological risks due to their toxicity and the releasing of carbon disulfide (CS2). This study systematically investigated the biodegradation of three representative xanthates—potassium amyl xanthate (PAX), potassium butyl xanthate (PBX), and potassium isopropyl xanthate (PIX)—in an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor (O2-MBfR). The O2-MBfR achieved over 98% removal of all xanthates across surface loadings up to 6000 mg-COD/m2·d, with corresponding COD removals of 62-90%. While PIX exhibited slightly lower COD removal due to the slower oxidation of its branched isopropyl group, functional gene analyses revealed the co-enrichment of alcohol and sulfur oxidation genes (adh, ALDH, soxABC/XYZ, fccAB) and C–S bond cleavage genes (cynT, ssuD). Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic results showed that Pseudomonas and Rhodanobacter predominated in PIX degradation, whereas Thiobacillus, Zoogloea, and Ottowia were mainly involved in PAX and PBX oxidation. Monod kinetics indicated that PIX had the highest maximum specific degradation rate (33.85 mg/gVSS/h) and lowest sCOD decay rate constant (0.29 h-1), reflecting strong microbial affinity but limited mineralization. Continuous-flow treatment of real flotation wastewater achieved >98% xanthate and ~85% COD removal, confirming system robustness. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the structure-dependent biodegradability of xanthates and demonstrate the feasibility of O2-MBfR technology for sustainable treatment of flotation wastewater.
{"title":"Biodegradation of Three Xanthates with Different Carbon Chains in Flotation Wastewater","authors":"Yuhang Cai, Jing-Yuan Zhai, Zhang Guo-Hui, Mei-Qi Lin, Yi-Hao Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141392","url":null,"abstract":"Xanthates are widely used collectors in sulfide ore flotation, but pose ecological risks due to their toxicity and the releasing of carbon disulfide (CS<sub>2</sub>). This study systematically investigated the biodegradation of three representative xanthates—potassium amyl xanthate (PAX), potassium butyl xanthate (PBX), and potassium isopropyl xanthate (PIX)—in an oxygen-based membrane biofilm reactor (O<sub>2</sub>-MBfR). The O<sub>2</sub>-MBfR achieved over 98% removal of all xanthates across surface loadings up to 6000 mg-COD/m<sup>2</sup>·d, with corresponding COD removals of 62-90%. While PIX exhibited slightly lower COD removal due to the slower oxidation of its branched isopropyl group, functional gene analyses revealed the co-enrichment of alcohol and sulfur oxidation genes (<em>adh</em>, <em>ALDH</em>, <em>soxABC/XYZ</em>, <em>fccAB</em>) and C–S bond cleavage genes (<em>cynT</em>, <em>ssuD</em>). Metagenomic and metatranscriptomic results showed that <em>Pseudomonas</em> and <em>Rhodanobacter</em> predominated in PIX degradation, whereas <em>Thiobacillus</em>, <em>Zoogloea</em>, and <em>Ottowia</em> were mainly involved in PAX and PBX oxidation. Monod kinetics indicated that PIX had the highest maximum specific degradation rate (33.85<!-- --> <!-- -->mg/gVSS/h) and lowest sCOD decay rate constant (0.29<!-- --> <!-- -->h<sup>-1</sup>), reflecting strong microbial affinity but limited mineralization. Continuous-flow treatment of real flotation wastewater achieved >98% xanthate and ~85% COD removal, confirming system robustness. These findings provide mechanistic insight into the structure-dependent biodegradability of xanthates and demonstrate the feasibility of O<sub>2</sub>-MBfR technology for sustainable treatment of flotation wastewater.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"280 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146115996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aesthetic parameters have become integral to drinking water reservoir management, yet the pronounced spatiotemporal heterogeneity of odorants challenges effective control. Current knowledge gaps include comprehensive characterization of seasonal/spatial odorant patterns and their associated factors, hindering evidence-based mitigation strategies. To address these gaps, we systematically analyzed 1005 observations from 22 reservoirs worldwide, quantifying spatiotemporal dynamics of four typical odorants—2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), geosmin (GSM), β-ionone and β-cyclocitral—alongside key environmental parameters, while elucidating critical factor interactions. Results showed odorant concentrations peaked in spring and autumn, followed by summer and winter. 2-MIB and GSM maximized in transition zones whereas β-ionone and β-cyclocitral peaked in lacustrine zones; all odorants minimized near dams. Mixed-effects modeling identified chlorophyll-a (Chla), temperature, disolved oxygen, pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus as critical predictors with odorant-specific effect magnitudes. Linear regressions revealed consistent spring-autumn patterns but divergent summer-winter trends, with significant factor-odorant relationships increasing progressively from riverine (n = 4) to lacustrine zones (n = 7). Structural equation modeling demonstrated interconnected temperature-Chla-nutrient networks exerting compound-specific effects on odorant formation. Based on these insights, we propose an integrated “Monitor-Predict-Control” framework, which translates the identified seasonal and spatial patterns into concrete, actionable strategies for proactive reservoir odorant management.
{"title":"Unraveling the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of odorous compounds and their associated parameters in drinking water reservoirs: A systematic review","authors":"Yufei Lv, Cheng Cen, Zejian Li, Kejia Zhang, Xinyan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141383","url":null,"abstract":"Aesthetic parameters have become integral to drinking water reservoir management, yet the pronounced spatiotemporal heterogeneity of odorants challenges effective control. Current knowledge gaps include comprehensive characterization of seasonal/spatial odorant patterns and their associated factors, hindering evidence-based mitigation strategies. To address these gaps, we systematically analyzed 1005 observations from 22 reservoirs worldwide, quantifying spatiotemporal dynamics of four typical odorants—2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB), geosmin (GSM), β-ionone and β-cyclocitral—alongside key environmental parameters, while elucidating critical factor interactions. Results showed odorant concentrations peaked in spring and autumn, followed by summer and winter. 2-MIB and GSM maximized in transition zones whereas β-ionone and β-cyclocitral peaked in lacustrine zones; all odorants minimized near dams. Mixed-effects modeling identified chlorophyll-a (Chla), temperature, disolved oxygen, pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus as critical predictors with odorant-specific effect magnitudes. Linear regressions revealed consistent spring-autumn patterns but divergent summer-winter trends, with significant factor-odorant relationships increasing progressively from riverine (<em>n =</em> 4) to lacustrine zones (<em>n =</em> 7). Structural equation modeling demonstrated interconnected temperature-Chla-nutrient networks exerting compound-specific effects on odorant formation. Based on these insights, we propose an integrated “Monitor-Predict-Control” framework, which translates the identified seasonal and spatial patterns into concrete, actionable strategies for proactive reservoir odorant management.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141377
Jiajun Tong, Hongxiang Yu, Zihang Zeng, Kemin Wang, Zijun Zhao, Yiwei Liu, Taiping Qing, Xiaofeng Liu
The coexposure of various biotoxins in aquatic environments poses significant ecological and public health risks. However, detecting multiple biotoxins simultaneously is challenging because of labour-intensive workflows, reliance on bulky equipment, and slow processing and portability and sensitivity, hindering their applicability for on-site monitoring. Herein, we introduce an integrated passive pumping carbon nanotube–based field-effect transistor (CNT-FET) microfluidic chip that combines selective probe functionalisation and detection of various biotoxins with autonomous fluid handling, eliminating the need for external pumps or valves. This platform allows the direct, portable, label free, rapid and sensitive analysis of various biotoxins including okadaic acid, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, gliotoxin and ricin in lake water. It exhibits a broad dynamic range (1 fg/mL to 100 ng/mL), ultralow limit of detection (2.6–9.6 fg/mL) and high recovery rates (88.3%–116%). Validation using standard analytical methodssuch as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography confirmed the high accuracy and reliability of the proposed microfluidic system. Combining the CNT-FET array with a passive pumping microfluidics chip provides a practical approach for swift on-site biotoxin monitoring, offering wide implications for safeguarding environmental safety and public health. The chip design is modular and easily customisable, allowing do-it-yourself adaptation for analysing other environmental contaminants through autonomous control of specific functional reagent modifications.
{"title":"Passive pumping field-effect transistor microfluidic chip for ultratrace and portable detection of multiple biotoxins in aquatic environments","authors":"Jiajun Tong, Hongxiang Yu, Zihang Zeng, Kemin Wang, Zijun Zhao, Yiwei Liu, Taiping Qing, Xiaofeng Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141377","url":null,"abstract":"The coexposure of various biotoxins in aquatic environments poses significant ecological and public health risks. However, detecting multiple biotoxins simultaneously is challenging because of labour-intensive workflows, reliance on bulky equipment, and slow processing and portability and sensitivity, hindering their applicability for on-site monitoring. Herein, we introduce an integrated passive pumping carbon nanotube–based field-effect transistor (CNT-FET) microfluidic chip that combines selective probe functionalisation and detection of various biotoxins with autonomous fluid handling, eliminating the need for external pumps or valves. This platform allows the direct, portable, label free, rapid and sensitive analysis of various biotoxins including okadaic acid, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, gliotoxin and ricin in lake water. It exhibits a broad dynamic range (1 fg/mL to 100<!-- --> <!-- -->ng/mL), ultralow limit of detection (2.6–9.6 fg/mL) and high recovery rates (88.3%–116%). Validation using standard analytical methodssuch as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and high-performance liquid chromatography confirmed the high accuracy and reliability of the proposed microfluidic system. Combining the CNT-FET array with a passive pumping microfluidics chip provides a practical approach for swift on-site biotoxin monitoring, offering wide implications for safeguarding environmental safety and public health. The chip design is modular and easily customisable, allowing do-it-yourself adaptation for analysing other environmental contaminants through autonomous control of specific functional reagent modifications.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146115959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141390
Ikhyun Kim, Jaewon Seo, Yongsuk Kim, Keumchul Shin, Sang-Kyun Han, Byoungkoo Choi
Chainsaw lubricating oils used during timber harvesting can introduce petroleum hydrocarbons into forest soils, yet their ecological impacts under operational conditions and during natural attenuation remain poorly understood. We conducted a one-year field study comparing commercial biodegradable, mineral, and recycled oils, focusing on hydrocarbon persistence and soil bacterial community responses following harvesting. Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations remained elevated in soils treated with mineral and recycled oils after one year, whereas TPH in biodegradable oil-treated soils returned to levels comparable to the control. In contrast, priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons showed no consistent accumulation across treatments. Bacterial communities across all treatments shared a conserved taxonomic core, and α-diversity did not differ significantly among oil types. Temporal dynamics dominated community patterns, with γ-diversity increasing over time regardless of lubricant type, indicating progressive taxonomic accumulation during post-harvest natural attenuation. β-diversity analyses revealed modest and transient treatment-associated shifts, with biodegradable oil maintaining greater compositional similarity to control soils over time, while mineral oil showed greater divergence at later stages. Co-occurrence network analysis further indicated oil type dependent reorganization of microbial community structure, with the highest network connectivity observed under mineral oil treatment. Overall, lubricating oil type governed the persistence of petroleum hydrocarbons and the reorganization of soil bacterial community structure during post-harvest natural attenuation.
{"title":"Comparative microbial responses and degradation characteristics of petroleum-based and biodegradable chainsaw lubricants in forest soils impacted by timber harvesting","authors":"Ikhyun Kim, Jaewon Seo, Yongsuk Kim, Keumchul Shin, Sang-Kyun Han, Byoungkoo Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141390","url":null,"abstract":"Chainsaw lubricating oils used during timber harvesting can introduce petroleum hydrocarbons into forest soils, yet their ecological impacts under operational conditions and during natural attenuation remain poorly understood. We conducted a one-year field study comparing commercial biodegradable, mineral, and recycled oils, focusing on hydrocarbon persistence and soil bacterial community responses following harvesting. Total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations remained elevated in soils treated with mineral and recycled oils after one year, whereas TPH in biodegradable oil-treated soils returned to levels comparable to the control. In contrast, priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons showed no consistent accumulation across treatments. Bacterial communities across all treatments shared a conserved taxonomic core, and α-diversity did not differ significantly among oil types. Temporal dynamics dominated community patterns, with γ-diversity increasing over time regardless of lubricant type, indicating progressive taxonomic accumulation during post-harvest natural attenuation. β-diversity analyses revealed modest and transient treatment-associated shifts, with biodegradable oil maintaining greater compositional similarity to control soils over time, while mineral oil showed greater divergence at later stages. Co-occurrence network analysis further indicated oil type dependent reorganization of microbial community structure, with the highest network connectivity observed under mineral oil treatment. Overall, lubricating oil type governed the persistence of petroleum hydrocarbons and the reorganization of soil bacterial community structure during post-harvest natural attenuation.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study shows that a multi-faceted approach, combining borehole geophysical logging and surface seismic P-wave first-arrival tomography with confirmatory coring, well installation, and chemical and mineralogical analysis, is effective for identifying difficult-to-locate preferential contaminant transport pathways in deeper fractured bedrock. Seismic tomography detected porous 10-20 m wide elongated fractured conduits that allow acidic groundwater contaminated with uranium (U) and nitrate (NO3-) to migrate within interbedded shale-limestone bedrock over 1000 m from a former disposal facility (S-3 Ponds site) located at the DOE Y-12 National Security Complex in Tennessee (USA). Conventional drilling techniques would easily miss these conduits because they are oriented parallel with fractured bedding planes. Synchrotron analysis of aquifer solids revealed that >95% of the U is hexavalent (UVI). This uranyl (UO22+) species is coordinated with carbonate, iron oxide, silicate and phosphate minerals within cemented white to yellow precipitates, which contain U concentrations as high as ~21.6% by weight fraction. Identifying the presence of these mineral phases, enables a further understanding of the potential effectiveness of remediation actions. The combination of methodologies presented here can also be applied to other explorations, such as the detection of water supply.
{"title":"Coupling geophysical, geological, geochemical and mineralogical assessments to exlamine preferential contaminant transport pathways in interbedded fractured bedrock","authors":"D.B. Watson, D.H. Phillips, G.S. Baker, D.P. Gaines, M.I. Boyanov, K.M. Kemner, J.E. Earles, K.H. Williams, S.S. Hubbard, B. Dafflon, S.C. Brooks","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141384","url":null,"abstract":"This study shows that a multi-faceted approach, combining borehole geophysical logging and surface seismic P-wave first-arrival tomography with confirmatory coring, well installation, and chemical and mineralogical analysis, is effective for identifying difficult-to-locate preferential contaminant transport pathways in deeper fractured bedrock. Seismic tomography detected porous 10-20<!-- --> <!-- -->m wide elongated fractured conduits that allow acidic groundwater contaminated with uranium (U) and nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>) to migrate within interbedded shale-limestone bedrock over 1000<!-- --> <!-- -->m from a former disposal facility (S-3 Ponds site) located at the DOE Y-12 National Security Complex in Tennessee (USA). Conventional drilling techniques would easily miss these conduits because they are oriented parallel with fractured bedding planes. Synchrotron analysis of aquifer solids revealed that >95% of the U is hexavalent (U<sup>VI</sup>). This uranyl (UO<sub><sub>2</sub></sub><sup><sup>2+</sup></sup>) species is coordinated with carbonate, iron oxide, silicate and phosphate minerals within cemented white to yellow precipitates, which contain U concentrations as high as ~21.6% by weight fraction. Identifying the presence of these mineral phases, enables a further understanding of the potential effectiveness of remediation actions. The combination of methodologies presented here can also be applied to other explorations, such as the detection of water supply.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146115997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141378
Miao Xing, Peng Conghui, Zhang Renxin, Chen Baohong, Chen Zongzheng, Lin Hui, Fu Tingting, Li Yuan, Lin Longshan
Microplastics (MPs) have become emerging contaminants of global concern, yet their presence in the reproductive tissues of Antarctic marine mammals remains poorly understood. In this study, In this study, COI gene sequencing confirmed that 59 naturally expelled placentas, collected accidentally from Prydz Bay, East Antarctica, originated from the Weddell seal Leptonychotes weddellii. MPs were isolated from placental tissues and characterized. A total of 30 MP items were detected, with an average abundance of 0.024 ± 0.029 items/g (wet weight). Fibers dominated (73.33%), followed by films (16.67%) and fragments (10.00%). Red (60.00%) and blue (23.33%) were the most common colors. Particle sizes ranged from 48.69 to 1207.97 μm, with 26.67% of MPs smaller than 200 μm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed five polymer types, with acrylic (53.33%) and polyester (23.33%) being the most prevalent. These results provide the first report of MPs in the placenta of an Antarctic marine mammal and establish baseline evidence of MPs presence at the maternal–fetal interface, supporting further assessment of potential implications for placental function and early development.
{"title":"Microplastics Found in Weddell Seal Placenta in Antarctica, Potential Threatening Marine Ecosystem Health","authors":"Miao Xing, Peng Conghui, Zhang Renxin, Chen Baohong, Chen Zongzheng, Lin Hui, Fu Tingting, Li Yuan, Lin Longshan","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141378","url":null,"abstract":"Microplastics (MPs) have become emerging contaminants of global concern, yet their presence in the reproductive tissues of Antarctic marine mammals remains poorly understood. In this study, In this study, COI gene sequencing confirmed that 59 naturally expelled placentas, collected accidentally from Prydz Bay, East Antarctica, originated from the Weddell seal <em>Leptonychotes weddellii</em>. MPs were isolated from placental tissues and characterized. A total of 30 MP items were detected, with an average abundance of 0.024 ± 0.029 items/g (wet weight). Fibers dominated (73.33%), followed by films (16.67%) and fragments (10.00%). Red (60.00%) and blue (23.33%) were the most common colors. Particle sizes ranged from 48.69 to 1207.97 μm, with 26.67% of MPs smaller than 200 μm. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) revealed five polymer types, with acrylic (53.33%) and polyester (23.33%) being the most prevalent. These results provide the first report of MPs in the placenta of an Antarctic marine mammal and establish baseline evidence of MPs presence at the maternal–fetal interface, supporting further assessment of potential implications for placental function and early development.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"241 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146135167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-02-04DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2026.141387
Mengying Yan, Lijun Meng, Nan Jiang, Fan Yu, Yuan Hu, Sui Zhang, Chuang-Hak Lee, Manhong Huang
Forward osmosis (FO) has gained attention as a low-pressure treatment option for removing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). PFAS frequently coexist with micro and nanoplastics (NPs) in contaminated waters, yet their combined influence on membrane separation remains insufficiently understood. In this study, a UiO-66-NH2 modified antifouling FO membrane was fabricated to investigate how NPs affect the rejection and transport of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). PFOA removal was evaluated under different membrane orientation, pH of the feed solution, draw solution salinity, coexisting PFAS species, and the presence of polystyrene-based NPs with different surface chemistries (PS, PS-NH2, PS-COOH). The membrane showed high PFOA rejection efficiency, which increased under alkaline conditions but declined at high draw-solution concentration due to reverse salt diffusion and charge screening. Coexisting PFAS with different chain lengths and pKa values altered PFOA rejection through competitive interactions at the membrane interface. Experimental evidence further showed that NP-related fouling strengthened external concentration polarization and promoted extra accumulation of PFOA near the membrane, with the extent of accumulation strongly dependent on NP surface chemistry, particularly electrostatic attraction for PS-NH2 and weaker interactions for PS and PS-COOH. These results demonstrate that NPs play an important role in PFAS transport during FO filtration and should be considered when evaluating mass-transfer behavior in complex waters. This work provides insights into the dual impact of coexisting PFAS and NPs on FO membrane performance and highlights the importance of mitigating cake-enhanced polarization in designing antifouling membranes for wastewater treatment.
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