M. Ali, A-Zha Nur, Rubaeit Rakib, M. Khatun, R. Hasib, M. Rahman, M. Alam, Md Abdullah Al Mashud, Mohammad Jamal
SARS-CoV-2, a new and fast circulating coronavirus strain, infected over 214 countries and territories worldwide and caused global health emergencies. The absence of appropriate medicines and vaccinations has further complicated the condition. SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is crucial for its propagation, and it is considered a striking target. This study used several computational approaches to determine the probable antagonist of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro from bioactive phytochemicals of Syzygium aromaticum. A total of 20 compounds were screened through in silico approach. The molecular dynamics simulation studies were then carried out for further insights. We found crategolic acid, oleanolic acid, and kaempferol have considerable binding affinity and important molecular contacts with catalytic pocket residues, His41-Cys145. The pharmacological properties through ADMET analysis also showed that these compounds could be used as safe drug candidates. The molecular dynamics simulation study further confirmed these compound's stability with Mpro. However, further detailed in-vitro and in-vivo analyses are compulsory to evaluate the real potentiality of identified compounds.
{"title":"Syzygium aromaticum as a possible source of SARS-CoV-2 main protease inhibitors: Evidence from a computational investigation","authors":"M. Ali, A-Zha Nur, Rubaeit Rakib, M. Khatun, R. Hasib, M. Rahman, M. Alam, Md Abdullah Al Mashud, Mohammad Jamal","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2022.d109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2022.d109","url":null,"abstract":"SARS-CoV-2, a new and fast circulating coronavirus strain, infected over 214 countries and territories worldwide and caused global health emergencies. The absence of appropriate medicines and vaccinations has further complicated the condition. SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) is crucial for its propagation, and it is considered a striking target. This study used several computational approaches to determine the probable antagonist of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro from bioactive phytochemicals of Syzygium aromaticum. A total of 20 compounds were screened through in silico approach. The molecular dynamics simulation studies were then carried out for further insights. We found crategolic acid, oleanolic acid, and kaempferol have considerable binding affinity and important molecular contacts with catalytic pocket residues, His41-Cys145. The pharmacological properties through ADMET analysis also showed that these compounds could be used as safe drug candidates. The molecular dynamics simulation study further confirmed these compound's stability with Mpro. However, further detailed in-vitro and in-vivo analyses are compulsory to evaluate the real potentiality of identified compounds.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70796321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"HPTLC Fingerprinting analysis of phytoconstituents from Bixa orellana and Beta vulgaris plant","authors":"Mrunal Patel, Priti Patel","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2022.d116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2022.d116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70795917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimization of surface sterilization method for the isolation of endophytic fungi associated with Curcuma longa L. and their antibacterial activity.","authors":"Himani Deepak, Verinder Virk","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2022.d119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2022.d119","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70795972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterization of virulence gene distribution and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli from chicken faeces","authors":"S. Giri, Sanath H. Kumar, G. K, V. Shetty","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2022.d104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2022.d104","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70796036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antimicrobial and Phytochemical screening of selected wild mushrooms naturally found in Garhwal Himalayan region, Uttarakhand, India","authors":"Gaurav Kothiyal, Keerti Singh","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2022.d125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2022.d125","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70796063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chitosan nanoparticles are important materials that are widely used in many biological, engineering and food industries and are also used as plant growth stimulants as well as use as vectors for drug delivery to target cells. Whereas L-carnitine (LC) is a water-soluble compound that contributes to the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the mitochondrial membranes and the oxidation of β-lipids. Methods: 60 male rats (Rattus Rattus) were divided into six equal groups. The first group (control group): Animals received orally distilled water. The second group. Animals received 1ml orally lead acetate at a dose of 30 mg/kg of body weight daily for 30 days. Third group: Animals received 1ml (lead acetate 30mg/kg B.W + L-carnitine (100mg/ kg B.W. /daily). The fourth group. Animals received 1ml (lead acetate 30mg/kg B.W. + Nano L-carnitine 100mg/ kg B.W./ daily). The fifth group: Animals received 1ml of L-Carnitine orally at a dose of 100mg/ kg B.W /daily. The sixth group: Animals received 1ml of L-Carnitine-NPs orally at 100mg/ kg B.W /daily. Results: Our findings demonstrated that exposure to lead acetate caused a significant increase in liver-enzymes Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and renal function enzymes (creatinine and urea) in the lead acetate group. Whereas, lead treatment increased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can be removed through decreased glutathione (GHPX) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA). Conclusions: Histopathological study showed significant changes in the brain (cerebellum) that disrupted the normal arrangement of the three layers, with large distances between the Purkinje cell layer and the molecular or granular layer. According to the study, we can conclude that the Nano L-Carnitine had a greater role in protecting against the effect of lead at the haematological parameters and a clear role in the protection against histopathology change of lead poisoning. L-Carnitine and Nano L-Carnitine had an active role in protecting against lead acetate toxicity.
{"title":"Protective effect of L-carnitine nanoparticles Vs carnitine on lead acetate-induced toxicity in male rats.","authors":"Hayder Mahdi, R. Ghadhban","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2022.d138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2022.d138","url":null,"abstract":"Chitosan nanoparticles are important materials that are widely used in many biological, engineering and food industries and are also used as plant growth stimulants as well as use as vectors for drug delivery to target cells. Whereas L-carnitine (LC) is a water-soluble compound that contributes to the transport of long-chain fatty acids across the mitochondrial membranes and the oxidation of β-lipids. Methods: 60 male rats (Rattus Rattus) were divided into six equal groups. The first group (control group): Animals received orally distilled water. The second group. Animals received 1ml orally lead acetate at a dose of 30 mg/kg of body weight daily for 30 days. Third group: Animals received 1ml (lead acetate 30mg/kg B.W + L-carnitine (100mg/ kg B.W. /daily). The fourth group. Animals received 1ml (lead acetate 30mg/kg B.W. + Nano L-carnitine 100mg/ kg B.W./ daily). The fifth group: Animals received 1ml of L-Carnitine orally at a dose of 100mg/ kg B.W /daily. The sixth group: Animals received 1ml of L-Carnitine-NPs orally at 100mg/ kg B.W /daily. Results: Our findings demonstrated that exposure to lead acetate caused a significant increase in liver-enzymes Aspartate Transaminase (AST), Alanine Transaminase (ALT), and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) and renal function enzymes (creatinine and urea) in the lead acetate group. Whereas, lead treatment increased oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can be removed through decreased glutathione (GHPX) and increased malondialdehyde (MDA). Conclusions: Histopathological study showed significant changes in the brain (cerebellum) that disrupted the normal arrangement of the three layers, with large distances between the Purkinje cell layer and the molecular or granular layer. According to the study, we can conclude that the Nano L-Carnitine had a greater role in protecting against the effect of lead at the haematological parameters and a clear role in the protection against histopathology change of lead poisoning. L-Carnitine and Nano L-Carnitine had an active role in protecting against lead acetate toxicity.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70796624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Molecular and immunological effect of Terminalia chebula extracts","authors":"Haider Mousawi, A. Mushtaq, Alyaa Bohan","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2022.d106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2022.d106","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70796056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mony, T. Maruf, N. Desha, M. Pabitra, Sadek Ahmed, M. Hossain, M. Bhuiyan
The BMPR1B gene is one of the major fecundity genes that have been investigated in different sheep populations worldwide for its association with prolificacy traits. The present study was performed to validate the association of c.746A>G SNP of BMPR1B gene with litter size trait in different sheep populations of Bangladesh. A total of 192 blood samples were collected from ewes of both farmers’ and institutional flocks comprising sheep populations of Jamuna River Basin (JRB), Barendra (BAT), Coastal (COR), Garole (GAR) and Muzaffarnagari (MUZ). Genotyping of the individuals was performed using PCR-RFLP method and single marker association analysis was carried out to evaluate the relationships between resultant genotypes and litter size trait using agricolae and pastecs packages of R software. The prolificacy attributed homozygous FecBBB genotype frequencies were 66, 50 and 55%, respectively in JRB, BAT and GAR populations whereas it was only 0-2% in MUZ and COR populations. Association analysis revealed highly significant (P<0.001) association of litter size trait with genotypes and populations. The mean litter sizes of JRB, BAT, GAR, COR and MUZ were 2.17±0.15, 1.88±0.07 1.90±0.10, 1.12±0.03 and 1.02±0.02, respectively. The prolific JRB, BAT, GAR ewes produced 0.67 to 0.83 more lambs per lambing than their wild type FecB++ counterparts. Thus, this study validated the potential contribution of the investigated c.746A>G SNP that could be applied in marker assisted selection (MAS) program for identifying high prolific ewes in order to improve litter size trait at the population level
{"title":"Validation Study of c.746A>G SNP of BMPR1B Gene Associated with Litter Size in Sheep Genetic Resources of Bangladesh","authors":"S. Mony, T. Maruf, N. Desha, M. Pabitra, Sadek Ahmed, M. Hossain, M. Bhuiyan","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2022.d149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2022.d149","url":null,"abstract":"The BMPR1B gene is one of the major fecundity genes that have been investigated in different sheep populations worldwide for its association with prolificacy traits. The present study was performed to validate the association of c.746A>G SNP of BMPR1B gene with litter size trait in different sheep populations of Bangladesh. A total of 192 blood samples were collected from ewes of both farmers’ and institutional flocks comprising sheep populations of Jamuna River Basin (JRB), Barendra (BAT), Coastal (COR), Garole (GAR) and Muzaffarnagari (MUZ). Genotyping of the individuals was performed using PCR-RFLP method and single marker association analysis was carried out to evaluate the relationships between resultant genotypes and litter size trait using agricolae and pastecs packages of R software. The prolificacy attributed homozygous FecBBB genotype frequencies were 66, 50 and 55%, respectively in JRB, BAT and GAR populations whereas it was only 0-2% in MUZ and COR populations. Association analysis revealed highly significant (P<0.001) association of litter size trait with genotypes and populations. The mean litter sizes of JRB, BAT, GAR, COR and MUZ were 2.17±0.15, 1.88±0.07 1.90±0.10, 1.12±0.03 and 1.02±0.02, respectively. The prolific JRB, BAT, GAR ewes produced 0.67 to 0.83 more lambs per lambing than their wild type FecB++ counterparts. Thus, this study validated the potential contribution of the investigated c.746A>G SNP that could be applied in marker assisted selection (MAS) program for identifying high prolific ewes in order to improve litter size trait at the population level","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70796425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In our previous study, we described sequence assembly and organization of the complete mitochondrial genome of a threatened labeonine fish, Cirrhinus reba (GenBank accession no.: MN862482). In this study, our attempts were to find out any mutation or selection pressures and codon usage patterns existing in the mitogenome of the same fish. We applied bioinformatics tools to measure important gene parameters including AT/GC skewness, codon adaptation index (CAI), the effective number of codons (ENc) and GC percentages of each protein coding gene. We found an overrepresentation of A and C resulting a lower number of T and G bases, respectively, where AT-skew was slightly positive and GC-skew was slightly negative. Except for ND6, all protein coding genes (PCGs) had negative GC-skew, which indicated the higher occurrence of Cs. With reference to other two mitogenomes, the dN/dS or Ka/Ks ratios ranged from the lowest value (0.016) for ND4L to the highest value (0.694) for ND1 gene which indicated that PCGs of this fish evolved under strong purifying selection. We further analyzed the codon frequency and relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) and observed a total of 3802 codons which were used for coding 20 amino acids by a standard set of 64 codons. The amino acids Leucine and Serine were encoded each by six different codons, whereas rest of the amino acids was encoded by either two or four codons. We identified a total of 25 RSCU values (> 1) and revealed 12 codons as “overpresented” that implied for codon usage bias to engage in highly expressed genes for efficient protein synthesis via translational selection. The existence of codon usage biasness rolling in translational selection and the signs of purifying selection identified in PCGs suggest obvious conservation of this threatened fish species.
{"title":"Codon usage bias and purifying selection identified in Cirrhinus reba mitogenome","authors":"Mohammad Islam, S. Sultana","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2022.d139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2022.d139","url":null,"abstract":"In our previous study, we described sequence assembly and organization of the complete mitochondrial genome of a threatened labeonine fish, Cirrhinus reba (GenBank accession no.: MN862482). In this study, our attempts were to find out any mutation or selection pressures and codon usage patterns existing in the mitogenome of the same fish. We applied bioinformatics tools to measure important gene parameters including AT/GC skewness, codon adaptation index (CAI), the effective number of codons (ENc) and GC percentages of each protein coding gene. We found an overrepresentation of A and C resulting a lower number of T and G bases, respectively, where AT-skew was slightly positive and GC-skew was slightly negative. Except for ND6, all protein coding genes (PCGs) had negative GC-skew, which indicated the higher occurrence of Cs. With reference to other two mitogenomes, the dN/dS or Ka/Ks ratios ranged from the lowest value (0.016) for ND4L to the highest value (0.694) for ND1 gene which indicated that PCGs of this fish evolved under strong purifying selection. We further analyzed the codon frequency and relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) and observed a total of 3802 codons which were used for coding 20 amino acids by a standard set of 64 codons. The amino acids Leucine and Serine were encoded each by six different codons, whereas rest of the amino acids was encoded by either two or four codons. We identified a total of 25 RSCU values (> 1) and revealed 12 codons as “overpresented” that implied for codon usage bias to engage in highly expressed genes for efficient protein synthesis via translational selection. The existence of codon usage biasness rolling in translational selection and the signs of purifying selection identified in PCGs suggest obvious conservation of this threatened fish species.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70796639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Persistent hyperglycaemia is the hallmark of diabetes and is accountable for the devastating complications, which cause high morbidity and mortality. Conventional anti-diabetic agents are only palliative and characterised with limited efficacy, adverse effects, high costs, inaccessibility, prompting the need for better alternatives. Therefore, we investigated the in vivo hypoglycaemic activities, elemental composition, and qualitative phytochemistry of the aqueous leaf extracts of P. zanzibarica and O. europaea subspecies africana as potential sources of affordable, safer, accessible, and potent anti-diabetic therapies. In vivo hypoglycaemic activities of the studied plant extracts were evaluated at three dose levels of 50, 100, and 150 mg/Kg body weight (bw) in Alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic Swiss albino mice. The elemental composition of the plant extracts was analysed using the energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDXRF System) and the atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Qualitative phytochemical screening was done following standard procedures. In this study, the aqueous leaf extract of P. zanzibarica, significantly (p<0.05) reduced alloxan-induced hyperglycaemia in mice from 163.26±2.24 mg/dL (at 0h) to 52.12±1.16 mg/dL (at the 4th h) at a dose of 50 mg/Kg body weight, 166.98±1.56 mg/dL (at 0h) to 48.90±1.40 mg/dL (at 4th h) at a dose of 100 mg/Kg body weight, and 168.64±2.96 mg/dL (at 0h) to 42.46±1.80 mg/dL (at 4th h) at a dose of 150 mg/Kg body weight, respectively. Similarly, the aqueous leaf extract of O. europaea subspecies africana significantly (p<0.05) reduced hyperglycaemia from 165.74±3.66 mg/dL (at 0h) to 65.26±1.46 mg/dL (at the 4th h) at a dose of 50 mg/Kg body weight, 158.14±3.49 mg/dL (at 0h) to 53.68±1.48 mg/dL (at the 4th h) at a dose of 100 mg/Kg body weight, and from 161.66±2.19 mg/dL (at 0h) to 44.48±1.35 mg/dL (at the 4th h) at a dose of 150 mg/Kg body weight, respectively Furthermore, the extracts contained chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), among other elements, and phytochemicals like phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids, among others. Generally, the studied plant extracts exhibited significant hypoglycaemic efficacy in alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic mice, indicating their antidiabetic potential, and possess pharmacologically active phytochemicals and valuable minerals.
{"title":"In Vivo Antidiabetic Efficacy, Mineral Element Composition, and Qualitative Phytochemistry of the Aqueous Leaf Extracts of Pentas zanzibarica (Klotzsch.) Vatke and Olea europaea subspecies africana (Mill.)","authors":"G. Moriasi, C. Kibiti, M. Ngugi","doi":"10.5455/jabet.2021.d134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/jabet.2021.d134","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Persistent hyperglycaemia is the hallmark of diabetes and is accountable for the devastating complications, which cause high morbidity and mortality. Conventional anti-diabetic agents are only palliative and characterised with limited efficacy, adverse effects, high costs, inaccessibility, prompting the need for better alternatives. Therefore, we investigated the in vivo hypoglycaemic activities, elemental composition, and qualitative phytochemistry of the aqueous leaf extracts of P. zanzibarica and O. europaea subspecies africana as potential sources of affordable, safer, accessible, and potent anti-diabetic therapies. In vivo hypoglycaemic activities of the studied plant extracts were evaluated at three dose levels of 50, 100, and 150 mg/Kg body weight (bw) in Alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic Swiss albino mice. The elemental composition of the plant extracts was analysed using the energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (EDXRF System) and the atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Qualitative phytochemical screening was done following standard procedures. In this study, the aqueous leaf extract of P. zanzibarica, significantly (p<0.05) reduced alloxan-induced hyperglycaemia in mice from 163.26±2.24 mg/dL (at 0h) to 52.12±1.16 mg/dL (at the 4th h) at a dose of 50 mg/Kg body weight, 166.98±1.56 mg/dL (at 0h) to 48.90±1.40 mg/dL (at 4th h) at a dose of 100 mg/Kg body weight, and 168.64±2.96 mg/dL (at 0h) to 42.46±1.80 mg/dL (at 4th h) at a dose of 150 mg/Kg body weight, respectively. Similarly, the aqueous leaf extract of O. europaea subspecies africana significantly (p<0.05) reduced hyperglycaemia from 165.74±3.66 mg/dL (at 0h) to 65.26±1.46 mg/dL (at the 4th h) at a dose of 50 mg/Kg body weight, 158.14±3.49 mg/dL (at 0h) to 53.68±1.48 mg/dL (at the 4th h) at a dose of 100 mg/Kg body weight, and from 161.66±2.19 mg/dL (at 0h) to 44.48±1.35 mg/dL (at the 4th h) at a dose of 150 mg/Kg body weight, respectively Furthermore, the extracts contained chromium (Cr), zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg), among other elements, and phytochemicals like phenols, flavonoids, and alkaloids, among others. Generally, the studied plant extracts exhibited significant hypoglycaemic efficacy in alloxan-induced hyperglycaemic mice, indicating their antidiabetic potential, and possess pharmacologically active phytochemicals and valuable minerals.","PeriodicalId":36275,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Experimental Therapeutics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44832209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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