This article provides an account of the history of the fortress Dur-Abi-ešuh and offers a survey of the political and military situation of central Babylonia during the Late Old Babylonian period (ca. 1740–1600 BCE). Making use of a long-known but completely overlooked source, it also suggests a date for the complete abandonment of Nippur, the main cult center of the land, between 1631 and 1629 BCE.
{"title":"Dur-Abi-ešuh and the Abandonment of Nippur During the Late Old Babylonian Period: A Historical Survey","authors":"Marine Béranger","doi":"10.1086/725217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725217","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides an account of the history of the fortress Dur-Abi-ešuh and offers a survey of the political and military situation of central Babylonia during the Late Old Babylonian period (ca. 1740–1600 BCE). Making use of a long-known but completely overlooked source, it also suggests a date for the complete abandonment of Nippur, the main cult center of the land, between 1631 and 1629 BCE.","PeriodicalId":36366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cuneiform Studies","volume":"75 1","pages":"27 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44207457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A document published in this article documents the involvement of one of Nebuchadnezzar II’s top court officials, the palace overseer (ša pān ekalli), in a building project managed by the authorities of the Ebabbar temple of the city of Sippar. To place the project in its chronological and geographic context, five additional legal and administrative texts from the Ebabbar are published for the first time as well.
{"title":"Nebuchadnezzar II’s Palace Overseer (Ša Pān Ekalli) and The Canal of Abundance Building Projects","authors":"M. Sandowicz, S. Zawadzki","doi":"10.1086/725224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725224","url":null,"abstract":"A document published in this article documents the involvement of one of Nebuchadnezzar II’s top court officials, the palace overseer (ša pān ekalli), in a building project managed by the authorities of the Ebabbar temple of the city of Sippar. To place the project in its chronological and geographic context, five additional legal and administrative texts from the Ebabbar are published for the first time as well.","PeriodicalId":36366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cuneiform Studies","volume":"75 1","pages":"171 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44095355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The tablet BM 55516+ contains therapeutic prescriptions (ointments and fumigations) and magical-medical rituals including incantations against fever (ummu) and “persistent fever” (ummu lazzu). I know of no duplicate, but the prescriptions and the incantations have several parallels on medical tablets from Assur, Nineveh, Kalhu, and Babylon. I first provide an edition of the tablet, including all parallels followed by a discussion of the two magical-medical rituals against fever mentioned in the text.
{"title":"Therapeutic Prescriptions and Magical-Medical Rituals Against Fever: An Edition of a Late Babylonian Tablet BM 55516 + BM 55577+1882,0704.188","authors":"A. Bácskay","doi":"10.1086/725223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725223","url":null,"abstract":"The tablet BM 55516+ contains therapeutic prescriptions (ointments and fumigations) and magical-medical rituals including incantations against fever (ummu) and “persistent fever” (ummu lazzu). I know of no duplicate, but the prescriptions and the incantations have several parallels on medical tablets from Assur, Nineveh, Kalhu, and Babylon. I first provide an edition of the tablet, including all parallels followed by a discussion of the two magical-medical rituals against fever mentioned in the text.","PeriodicalId":36366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cuneiform Studies","volume":"75 1","pages":"155 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45406374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Twenty tablets or fragments from the Persepolis Treasury Archive were published by George Cameron in 1965. One of them, the fragment PT 1963-8, which belongs to a group of texts concerning sheep rations, is broken at the bottom. A reconsideration of the text leads to proposed restorations of parts of the missing sections, according to mathematical calculations of rations and comparisons with the other PT tablets.
{"title":"The Reedition of the Persepolis Treasury Tablet Pt 1963-8","authors":"Jalil Bakhtiari","doi":"10.1086/725226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725226","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty tablets or fragments from the Persepolis Treasury Archive were published by George Cameron in 1965. One of them, the fragment PT 1963-8, which belongs to a group of texts concerning sheep rations, is broken at the bottom. A reconsideration of the text leads to proposed restorations of parts of the missing sections, according to mathematical calculations of rations and comparisons with the other PT tablets.","PeriodicalId":36366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cuneiform Studies","volume":"75 1","pages":"197 - 206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44274742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The age of an individual changes how other elements of identity, like masculinity, are expressed. For example, the modern expectations of “old men” and “young men” are very different. Here, I explore the differences between “young” and “old” men as expressed in the Neo-Assyrian textual corpus on the Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc). This corpus offers a unique opportunity to incorporate recently developed word co-occurrence methods alongside a traditional close reading approach in order to explore the differences between old and young men in Neo-Assyrian texts. I demonstrate that young men were conceptually different from old men, and both were key to the construction of Neo-Assyrian hegemonic masculinities.
{"title":"Age and Masculinities During the Neo-Assyrian Period","authors":"E. Bennett","doi":"10.1086/725222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725222","url":null,"abstract":"The age of an individual changes how other elements of identity, like masculinity, are expressed. For example, the modern expectations of “old men” and “young men” are very different. Here, I explore the differences between “young” and “old” men as expressed in the Neo-Assyrian textual corpus on the Open Richly Annotated Cuneiform Corpus (Oracc). This corpus offers a unique opportunity to incorporate recently developed word co-occurrence methods alongside a traditional close reading approach in order to explore the differences between old and young men in Neo-Assyrian texts. I demonstrate that young men were conceptually different from old men, and both were key to the construction of Neo-Assyrian hegemonic masculinities.","PeriodicalId":36366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cuneiform Studies","volume":"75 1","pages":"123 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48381025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article contains the publication of a previously unknown date list of the Babylonian king Hammurabi, kept in the Sulaymaniyah Museum in Iraq. The tablet originally contained the year formulas for forty-two years of Hammurabi’s forty-three-year reign. The obverse is better preserved than the reverse and the beginnings of lines on the reverse are mostly broken.
{"title":"A New Old Babylonian Date List with Year Names of Hammurabi","authors":"Ardalan Khwshnaw","doi":"10.1086/725193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725193","url":null,"abstract":"This article contains the publication of a previously unknown date list of the Babylonian king Hammurabi, kept in the Sulaymaniyah Museum in Iraq. The tablet originally contained the year formulas for forty-two years of Hammurabi’s forty-three-year reign. The obverse is better preserved than the reverse and the beginnings of lines on the reverse are mostly broken.","PeriodicalId":36366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cuneiform Studies","volume":"82 ","pages":"3 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41273772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article we report on the taphonomic analysis of several Middle Assyrian tablet clusters to identify the way these objects ended up in the ground. Rather than in-situ archives that were left behind during some catastrophe, we argue that these tablets were often deliberately discarded. Specifically for the tablet clusters we examined, we propose that they were first temporarily discarded in “office bins.” We claim that the occurrence of clustered, homogenous tablet groups at our sites are the result of the occasional emptying of such bins. The methodology we present could be of value for the analysis of other similar tablet-bearing contexts.
{"title":"The Taphonomy of Middle Assyrian Cuneiform Tablet Clusters: Archives or Refuse?","authors":"Victor Klinkenberg, B. Düring","doi":"10.1086/725218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725218","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we report on the taphonomic analysis of several Middle Assyrian tablet clusters to identify the way these objects ended up in the ground. Rather than in-situ archives that were left behind during some catastrophe, we argue that these tablets were often deliberately discarded. Specifically for the tablet clusters we examined, we propose that they were first temporarily discarded in “office bins.” We claim that the occurrence of clustered, homogenous tablet groups at our sites are the result of the occasional emptying of such bins. The methodology we present could be of value for the analysis of other similar tablet-bearing contexts.","PeriodicalId":36366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cuneiform Studies","volume":"75 1","pages":"61 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47285826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Most of the information on the Battle of Til-Tuba derives from the narratives found in Assurbanipal’s annals, which are both brief and vague. Even though no Elamite documentation of the event is available, this study attempts to provide a clearer picture of this historical episode by comparing the annals with information preserved in a variety of other media. The results indicate that contrary to the report of the annals, Teumman did not initiate the war with Assyria. Rather, internal circumstances in Elam, including unrest and disorder, provided a good opportunity for Assyria to invade that land. Ultimately, the revolts and the betrayal of high-ranking government officials through the surrender of Hidalu laid the grounds for Teumman’s defeat at the Battle of Til-Tuba.
{"title":"The Battle of Til-Tuba (653 BCE) and its Background Revisited","authors":"Saeideh Sharifi, K. Ghazanfari","doi":"10.1086/725221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725221","url":null,"abstract":"Most of the information on the Battle of Til-Tuba derives from the narratives found in Assurbanipal’s annals, which are both brief and vague. Even though no Elamite documentation of the event is available, this study attempts to provide a clearer picture of this historical episode by comparing the annals with information preserved in a variety of other media. The results indicate that contrary to the report of the annals, Teumman did not initiate the war with Assyria. Rather, internal circumstances in Elam, including unrest and disorder, provided a good opportunity for Assyria to invade that land. Ultimately, the revolts and the betrayal of high-ranking government officials through the surrender of Hidalu laid the grounds for Teumman’s defeat at the Battle of Til-Tuba.","PeriodicalId":36366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cuneiform Studies","volume":"75 1","pages":"109 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45430287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article proposes the existence of a recurrent motif in cuneiform literature, the self-referential climax, in which literary works end by describing how they came into being: In the narrative equivalent of a snake biting its own tail, the poems that employ this motif culminate in their own creation. The article argues that the motif can yield a glimpse into the “implicit poetics” of cuneiform literature, that is, the conception of literature that circulated among cuneiform scholars and composers. It examines three case studies—Inana and Shukaletuda, The Cuthean Legend of Naram-Sîn, and Gilgamesh—arguing that they evince in their self-referential climaxes a distinctly bittersweet notion of textuality, since their creation relies on the tragedy of their main character, in a clear counterposing of content and form.
{"title":"The Return of the Text: On Self-Reference in Cuneiform Literature","authors":"Sophus Helle","doi":"10.1086/725220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725220","url":null,"abstract":"The article proposes the existence of a recurrent motif in cuneiform literature, the self-referential climax, in which literary works end by describing how they came into being: In the narrative equivalent of a snake biting its own tail, the poems that employ this motif culminate in their own creation. The article argues that the motif can yield a glimpse into the “implicit poetics” of cuneiform literature, that is, the conception of literature that circulated among cuneiform scholars and composers. It examines three case studies—Inana and Shukaletuda, The Cuthean Legend of Naram-Sîn, and Gilgamesh—arguing that they evince in their self-referential climaxes a distinctly bittersweet notion of textuality, since their creation relies on the tragedy of their main character, in a clear counterposing of content and form.","PeriodicalId":36366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cuneiform Studies","volume":"75 1","pages":"93 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42431309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents an edition of a new uranology fragment (BM 33878) from the Babylon Collection of the British Museum. Although small, this fragment offers further information about the social context of the uranology texts in late-period Babylonia.
{"title":"BM 33878: A Uranology Fragment from Babylon","authors":"Aino Hätinen","doi":"10.1086/725225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/725225","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents an edition of a new uranology fragment (BM 33878) from the Babylon Collection of the British Museum. Although small, this fragment offers further information about the social context of the uranology texts in late-period Babylonia.","PeriodicalId":36366,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cuneiform Studies","volume":"75 1","pages":"189 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49207491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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