JBI evidence synthesis最新文献

Objective: The aim of this systematic review will be to establish the prevalence and types of prescribing errors made by non-medical prescribers in health care.

Introduction: Prescribing errors are common, but the existing literature mostly focuses on medical prescribers. In many countries, legislation allows non-medical health care professionals to prescribe; however, there has been no systematic review of non-medical prescribing errors.

Eligibility criteria: This review will include quantitative studies of all designs investigating the prevalence of prescribing errors related to any disease, medication, or patient group made by non-medical prescribers in all health care settings globally.

Methods: This systematic review will include a Study Within a Review. We will use JBI methodology for systematic reviews, particularly the guidelines for prevalence estimate reviews. An information specialist will conduct standard database searches using PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection. Two researchers will perform a parallel search using artificial intelligence software. Studies found through standard database searches and those found using artificial intelligence will be included if the 2 researchers independently decide that they meet the eligibility criteria after full-text screening. A comparison of the standard database search and artificial intelligence search will be reported in a separate Study Within a Review. Two researchers will independently conduct the critical appraisals and data extraction. A meta-analysis will be conducted, if possible, otherwise, a narrative synthesis will be used.

Review registration: PROSPERO CRD42024616617.

Objective: The objective of this review is to explore the self-management support strategies implemented for individuals with multimorbidity within health services contexts, as well as the instruments used to measure their implementation.

Introduction: The increasing prevalence of multimorbidity presents significant clinical challenges for health services due to the complexity of managing multiple concurrent chronic conditions. In this context, self-management support has emerged as a key strategy, recognized for its comprehensive, person-centered approach to improving health outcomes. However, the implementation of these strategies in individuals with multimorbidity requires further documentation in scientific literature.

Eligibility criteria: This review will consider primary quantitative studies that examine self-management strategies and their measurement or assessment approaches (eg, scales, questionnaires) in individuals with multimorbidity within all levels of health care. Multimorbidity is defined as the presence of 2 or more chronic conditions. Self-management involves any intervention, program, or tool designed to enhance the skills, self-confidence, empowerment, and sense of responsibility for individuals to manage their chronic health conditions.

Methods: The scoping review will follow JBI methodology. The databases to be searched include CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, Embase, and PsycINFO. Gray literature will be included, encompassing thesis repositories and clinical practice guidelines. No restrictions will be placed on publication date or language. Two reviewers will independently screen titles/abstracts of records, followed by the full texts of eligible articles. Data extraction will be conducted using an extraction tool developed by the reviewers. Results will be presented through tables or graphs, accompanied by a narrative summary.

Review registration: OSF https://osf.io/kvx8m.

Objective: This scoping review aims to map and describe the use of virtual nursing in acute care hospitals, guided by Donabedian's model of structure, process, and outcomes. It also seeks to identify key facilitators, barriers, and knowledge gaps relevant to the implementation and adaptation of virtual nursing models.

Introduction: Virtual nurses collaborate with bedside nurses in acute care hospitals to deliver inpatient care through telecommunication technologies. Amid widespread nursing shortages, virtual nursing is increasingly viewed as a strategy to address workforce challenges while maintaining care quality and patient safety. An estimated 52% of US hospitals use hybrid models combining virtual and bedside roles. However, evidence of outcomes is limited, and descriptions of virtual nursing are often inconsistent and anecdotal in the literature. While virtual nursing models potentially improve workforce efficiency, support bedside nurses, and improve care standards, their success depends on effective, evidence-informed implementation.

Eligibility criteria: This review will include studies involving the care of hospitalized patients by nurses (participants) using virtual nursing for inpatient care (concept) in acute care hospital settings, including surgical, medical, and mixed wards (context). Studies that focus exclusively on critical care, outpatient and primary care, aged and community care, and school nursing will be excluded.

Methods: This review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and will be reported according to PRISMA-ScR. Searches will be conducted in Embase, CINAHL, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, alongside gray literature from government health departments and nursing regulatory bodies. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria, followed by full-text screening. Data will be extracted from the included papers by 2 reviewers. The findings will be presented in tabular, visual, and narrative format.

Review registration: OSF https://osf.io/e2jfv/.

Objective: The objective of this review is to map indicators used to evaluate and monitor the implementation of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in low- and lower-middle-income countries.

Introduction: Monitoring and evaluation indicators are essential to ensure the effective and equitable implementation of PrEP. However, it remains unclear which indicators are being applied in low- and lower-middle-income countries, where resource limitations and health system barriers may impact PrEP rollout and monitoring.

Eligibility criteria: This review will include primary and secondary studies, institutional documents, dissertations, and theses that present indicators related to the evaluation and monitoring of PrEP implementation in low- and lower-middle-income countries. Studies focused exclusively on injectable PrEP will be excluded.

Method: This scoping review will follow JBI methodology and will be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The search will be conducted in 5 databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde) and gray literature sources (Google Scholar, Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, and institutional websites). Studies in any language published from 2010 to the present will be included. Two reviewers will independently extract data using a customized data extraction form developed by the reviewers. The extracted information will be synthesized using a narrative approach, with results presented in tables, charts, graphs, and diagrams.

Review registration: OSF https://osf.io/r8k93/.

Objective: The objective of this review is to systematically review the association between delirium and health effects in patients with neurological diseases.

Introduction: Delirium is a neuropsychiatric syndrome with acute brain dysfunction, characterized by fluctuating symptoms that affect cognition and consciousness. It is common in hospitalized patients, especially older patients and those with neurological conditions, and is associated with multiple poor health effects. However, recovery measured as health effects after delirium is unclear, and synthesis is needed to secure the best treatment for patients.

Eligibility criteria: This review will include observational studies that assess short- and long-term health effects after delirium in adult patients hospitalized for a principal neurological diagnosis . All delirium health effects will be investigated to assess the individual's recovery from delirium. The primary outcome is cognitive decline, and secondary outcomes are mortality and survival, functional decline, psychological outcomes, and health care utilization. Outcomes must be measured with validated scales.

Methods: This review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of etiology and risk and be reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. The search will be conducted in PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. No language restrictions will be applied. Two reviewers will independently perform study screening, selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. If applicable, meta-analysis will be conducted to assess the strength of the association between delirium and health effects. The results will be presented in tabular and graphical format, with a narrative summary.

Review registration: PROSPERO CRD420251025893.

Objective: The objective of this review is to synthesize and map the existing literature on the processes, barriers, facilitators, and challenges of pressure injury risk screening and care planning in hospitals using clinical information systems.

Introduction: International guidelines advocate a shift toward patient-centered care plans that integrate both risk screening and individualized prevention strategies. Simultaneously, health care systems are rapidly adopting digital technologies, including clinical information systems to support clinical practice. While studies have investigated risk screening and prevention strategies in hospital settings, no review has mapped these components within the context of clinical information systems. Investigating the processes, barriers, facilitators, and challenges of risk screening and care planning in hospitals using clinical information systems will inform the design of future patient-centered care plans, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing hospital-acquired pressure injuries.

Eligibility criteria: Studies involving clinicians of any background engaged in pressure injury risk screening and care planning within hospital settings that use clinical information systems will be included. Studies exploring risk screening and prevention strategies, either individually or as part of a broader care planning process, will be included. All study designs, except reviews, will be included.

Methods: Sources to be searched include MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science, and Scopus from January 2008 to May 2025. Title and abstracts will be screened by 2 independent reviewers, followed by full-text screening and extraction. Results will be presented in a matrix describing key features of the study related to the review's objectives.

Review registration: OSF https://osf.io/jrd29/overview.

Objective: The objective of this review will be to synthesize the experiences and perceptions of adult medical inpatients regarding discharge education provided by health care professionals during their hospital stay, when patients are discharged from hospital to home.

Introduction: Discharge education is an essential part of patient care, helping individuals prepare to manage their health once they leave the hospital. Many patients face significant challenges in adjusting to life outside the hospital following discharge, and these challenges can provide valuable insights into their needs in terms of the discharge process.

Eligibility criteria: This review will consider qualitative studies exploring the perceptions and experiences of adult medical inpatients who received discharge education from health care professionals and were discharged from hospital to home. Studies published in English and Portuguese, regardless of publication date or geographic origin, will be eligible.

Methods: This review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. A comprehensive literature search will be conducted across the following databases: PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Scopus, Embase (Ovid), Emcare (Ovid), LILACS (BVS), and ERIC (EBSCOhost). ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global will be searched for gray literature. Two reviewers will independently screen and appraise studies and then extract data. For data synthesis, a meta-aggregative approach will be used. The ConQual approach will be employed for assessing the confidence in the evidence. The results of the search and the study inclusion process will be reported in full in the final systematic review and presented in a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram.

Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD420250641761 https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/.

Objective: This systematic review will provide an overview of economic evaluation studies of interventions for acute ischemic stroke, including intravenous thrombolysis, endovascular thrombectomy, antiplatelet therapy, and emerging strategies such as mobile stroke units and remote robotic thrombectomy, across different health care settings and patient populations.

Introduction: Acute ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality, imposing significant economic burdens on health care systems. While various interventions improve clinical outcomes, their economic evidence remains uncertain.

Eligibility criteria: Studies will be eligible if they include adult patients receiving any intervention for acute ischemic stroke . Eligible studies will report economic evaluations (full or partial) of the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: A systematic search of academic, non-academic, and gray literature databases will be conducted. Two reviewers will independently screen studies and full texts against criteria. Methodological quality will be assessed using the JBI checklist for economic evaluations. Data will be extracted using a modified JBI data extraction form. For standardization across studies, cost data will be converted to a uniform base year and a single currency using the CCEMG-EPPI Centre Cost Converter. The JBI dominance ranking matrix will be used to summarize and compare the results of the different types of economic evaluations. Based on the incremental costs and effectiveness extracted from the studies, net monetary benefits will be calculated and, if feasible, explored in a meta-analysis. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will be used to assess the certainty of economic evidence.

Review registration: PROSPERO CRD420250651215.