JBI evidence synthesis最新文献

Objective: This scoping review aims to map and characterize the integration of One Health competencies into medical curricula, along with the associated outcomes, challenges, and supporting factors.

Introduction: Equipping future health professionals with One Health competencies is crucial amid ongoing health threats at the human-animal-environment interface. Addressing these challenges requires multidisciplinary collaboration, yet medical education lags behind other fields in integrating One Health, limiting awareness and readiness for interprofessional work beyond the human health sector. The extent of One Health integration into medical curricula remains unevaluated.

Eligibility criteria: This scoping review will include both published and unpublished research, as well as non-research articles, that describe/evaluate courses, modules, or learning activities designed to develop One Health competencies within undergraduate or postgraduate medical curricula. These initiatives must engage medical students, residents, or both, either exclusively or alongside students from other disciplines. This review will include sources in any language from 2008 onward. Sources reporting continuing professional development, extracurricular activities, educational outcomes, implementation challenges, and supporting factors in general terms will be excluded.

Methods: This review follows the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Searches will be conducted in PubMed (including MEDLINE), Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC (ProQuest), SpringerLink, and will include gray literature sources, such as Google, Google Scholar, thesis repositories, and One Health University network websites. Two reviewers will independently screen sources and extract data following a pilot test for each stage. Analysis will include frequency counts, thematic analysis, competency mapping, and evidence synthesis using a logic model.

Review registration: OSF https://osf.io/gt3ru.

Objective: This review will investigate the effectiveness of nasoalveolar molding (NAM) in patients with non-syndromic bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP), compared to no intervention in patients with non-syndromic BCLP, patients with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP), and non-cleft control subjects, in producing morphological changes of the lip, nose, and occlusion, evaluated after a minimum follow-up period of 2 years.

Introduction: Nasoalveolar molding offers benefits in managing cleft patients; however, concerns include hindrance to jaw growth, malocclusion, and soft tissue effects.

Eligibility criteria: Randomized and non-randomized studies evaluating the long-term (minimum follow-up of 2 years after primary cleft lip repair surgery) soft tissue, dental, and skeletal effects of NAM in non-syndromic BCLP patients compared to non-syndromic BCLP patients not undergoing NAM, non-syndromic UCLP patients who underwent NAM, and non-cleft control subjects.

Methods: The review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic review of effectiveness. PubMed, Scopus, Embase (Ovid), VHL Regional Portal (including LILACS), Web of Science Core Collection, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Google Scholar, ProQuest Health and Medical Collection, MedNar, OpenGrey, and ClinicalTrials.gov will be searched for published and unpublished literature, in any language. Two independent reviewers will screen the titles/abstracts and full-texts. Critical appraisal will be conducted using the standard JBI appraisal tools. Meta-analysis will be conducted for all outcomes where appropriate, with weighted mean differences for continuous data, and risk ratios will be used for dichotomous data. Certainty of the evidence will be reported using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.

Prospero id: CRD42024510757.

Objective: The objective of this review is to synthesize qualitative evidence on the perceptions of health care professionals and policymakers regarding barriers and facilitators to implementing antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs in hospital settings, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.

Introduction: AMS programs are widely recognized as critical interventions to combat antimicrobial resistance and optimize the use of antibiotics. While quantitative studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of AMS programs in reducing inappropriate antibiotic use, less is known about the experiences, perceptions, and contextual factors that influence their implementation and sustainability.

Eligibility criteria: This review will include qualitative studies exploring the experiences, perceptions, attitudes, and contextual factors influencing implementation of AMS programs among health care professionals and policymakers. Studies conducted in any health care setting and involving any population relevant to AMS programs will be considered.

Methods: The key information sources to be searched for this review include PubMed, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (Ovid), Scopus, Embase (Elsevier), and Web of Science. The search will include studies published in any language from 2015 onwards. Study selection will be conducted independently by 2 reviewers, with any disagreements resolved through discussion or consultation with a third reviewer. All included studies will be critically appraised for methodological quality, and only those meeting a predefined threshold will proceed to synthesis. Data relevant to the review objectives will be extracted, followed by an aggregative data synthesis approach. Confidence in the findings will be assessed using a structured grading process based on credibility and dependability.

Review registration: PROSPERO CRD420251044164.

Objective: The objective of this scoping review will be to map the evidence on the non-transport of patients following paramedic assessment and care, focusing on patient characteristics, decision-making processes, and associated patient outcomes.

Introduction: Patients with low-acuity or non-urgent concerns are frequently encountered by paramedics and ambulance service clinicians. Traditionally, paramedics provide assessment and care to out-of-hospital patients, followed by transport to the emergency department (ED). However, many of these non-urgent or low-acuity presentations may be more appropriate for referral to non-ED health care services. There is currently little research on the safety of non-urgent patients and their clinical outcomes when these patients are not transported to hospital.

Eligibility criteria: This review will consider studies of any methodology relating to patients who have been assessed by and received care from paramedics working within an ambulance service context and who are not subsequently transported to ED. Due to inconsistency in terminology between jurisdictions, the term paramedic will be used throughout the review, but evidence that uses other terms such as emergency medical technician or advanced care paramedic will also be eligible.

Methods: This review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and will be reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. The following databases will be searched: MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Embase (EBSCOhost), JBI Evidence Synthesis, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus. Gray literature will also be searched for. Two reviewers will conduct the searches, title and abstract screening, full-text screening, and data extraction. The results will be presented in tabular format, accompanied by a narrative description.

Review registration: OSF https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/C9SNB.

Objective: This systematic review will examine the association between pesticide use and cancer incidence among farm workers.

Introduction: Farmers are the most essential part of many countries' agriculture-based economies. Several studies have identified acute and chronic hazards associated with pesticide use, including lymphoma, leukemia, brain tumors and other cancers. However, no systematic reviews have comprehensively assessed the association between pesticide use and cancer incidence among farmers.

Eligibility criteria: Primary observational studies (case-control, cohort, and cross-sectional) that include participants who are farm workers (farmers, their spouses, and seasonal workers) in any geographic location and that document exposure to pesticides associated with cancer incidence will be eligible for inclusion.

Methods: Academic databases (PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, Ovid Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ProQuest Health and Medical Collection), non-academic databases (Google Scholar up to 20 pages), and other gray literature (OAIster, Shodhganga, and medRxiv) will be searched. Two reviewers will independently screen titles/abstracts and full texts, with adjudication by a third reviewer. Critical appraisal of the included studies will be performed using JBI checklists. Quantitative outcomes on the association of pesticide exposure and cancer incidence will be pooled in statistical meta-analysis, where possible. Heterogeneity between studies will be assessed statistically using standard χ2 and I2 tests. Where statistical pooling is not possible, the findings will be presented narratively. Certainty of the evidence regarding the carcinogenicity of pesticides will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) approach.

Review registration: PROSPERO CRD420251019979.

Objectives: The aim of this scoping review is to map the existing information on the characteristics of the use of complementary or alternative medicine (CAM) as treatment for the signs and symptoms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).

Introduction: ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder marked by social-communication difficulties and restrictive, repetitive behaviors resulting from complex interactions of genetic and environmental factors, and associated with psychological and medical comorbidities. It is a global phenomenon with a detrimental impact on families. Supplemental to conventional treatments care givers can consider using CAM.

Eligibility criteria: Primary, secondary, and gray literature sources considering the use of CAM for ASD will be included. Sources proposing the use of CAM for any condition other than ASD or discussing any therapy for ASD other than CAM will be excluded. Studies in all languages will be considered for inclusion, as will sources from the last decade (2015-2025).

Methods: This scoping review will be conducted in line with the JBI scoping review framework and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A primary search of PubMed to identify keywords and phrases will be followed by subsequent searches of Emcare (Ovid), Nursing and Allied Health Premium (ProQuest), Scopus, and Google Scholar. The titles, abstracts, and full texts of identified sources will be screened for relevancy by 2 independent reviewers, with conflicts adjudicated by a third reviewer. Findings will be discussed in a narrative summary and illustrated using figures, tables, and a gap map.

Review registration: OSF https://osf.io/c9j5n/overview.

Objective: This scoping review aims to map the existing evidence on Galassi III arachnoid cysts and identify knowledge gaps in the current literature.

Introduction: Galassi III arachnoid cysts are rare intracranial lesions characterized by significant midline displacement and associated with space-occupying effects. Despite their rarity, they have higher intervention rates than other types, yet optimal management remains unclear. Understanding their prevalence, pathophysiology, clinical characteristics, natural history, management strategies, and outcomes is critical for enhancing research on evidence-based management strategies aimed to improve patient care.

Eligibility criteria: This review will include clinical studies and review articles investigating patients with Galassi III arachnoid cysts. Studies should address the prevalence, pathophysiology, physical characteristics, natural history, presenting symptoms, treatment strategies, and/or outcomes associated with Galassi III arachnoid cysts. Studies published in English or Spanish will be included.

Methods: This scoping review will follow JBI methodology and will be reported according to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A comprehensive search will be conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection databases using a structured electronic search strategy developed in collaboration with a research librarian. Gray literature will be incorporated by searching clinical trial registries for studies involving patients with Galassi III arachnoid cysts. No publication date restrictions will be applied. The selection process will involve 3 steps, and Relevant data from included studies will be extracted using a standardized form. Quantitative and qualitative methods will be employed to synthesize the data. Results will be presented in graphic, tabular, and narrative formats.

Review registration: OSF https://osf.io/EVBQK/overview.

Objective: This scoping review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of digital navigators in health care settings.

Introduction: Digital navigators have emerged to assist patients and clinicians in adopting and effectively using digital health technologies to achieve desired health outcomes. First introduced in the literature in 2015, this role has shown promise in selected health care settings, and more evidence is needed to formalize and scale this role across diverse clinical settings.

Inclusion criteria: This review will include both academic and gray literature that describe digital navigators in any health care setting for any patient-facing health care technology. There will be no country restrictions; however, due to the resources available to the research team, papers must be available in English.

Methods: This review will adhere to the JBI scoping review methodology. A comprehensive search will be conducted across the following databases: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase, and Web of Science. Targeted Google searches and expert consultations will supplement the database searches. All search results will be assessed against the eligibility criteria, and relevant data will be extracted by 2 independent reviewers. The findings will be characterized using multiple frameworks and presented in the final scoping review report accompanied by a Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow diagram.

Objective: The objective of this review is to synthesize and map the existing literature on the processes, barriers, facilitators, and challenges of pressure injury risk screening and care planning in hospitals using clinical information systems.

Introduction: International guidelines advocate a shift toward patient-centered care plans that integrate both risk screening and individualized prevention strategies. Simultaneously, health care systems are rapidly adopting digital technologies, including clinical information systems to support clinical practice. While studies have investigated risk screening and prevention strategies in hospital settings, no review has mapped these components within the context of clinical information systems. Investigating the processes, barriers, facilitators, and challenges of risk screening and care planning in hospitals using clinical information systems will inform the design of future patient-centered care plans, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing hospital-acquired pressure injuries.

Eligibility criteria: Studies involving clinicians of any background engaged in pressure injury risk screening and care planning within hospital settings that use clinical information systems will be included. Studies exploring risk screening and prevention strategies, either individually or as part of a broader care planning process, will be included. All study designs, except reviews, will be included.

Methods: Sources to be searched include MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, CINAHL (EBSCOhost), Web of Science, and Scopus from January 2008 to May 2025. Title and abstracts will be screened by 2 independent reviewers, followed by full-text screening and extraction. Results will be presented in a matrix describing key features of the study related to the review's objectives.

Review registration: OSF https://osf.io/jrd29/overview.