Objective: This scoping review has 3 objectives: to identify the literature on older adults' engagement with community music-making in which an experience of transformative change is noted, to explore the different ways transformation is described, and to identify the factors that enable this experience.
Introduction: Music has been shown to stimulate transformation (positive change) in individuals. Documented experiences of transformation fall into 3 broad areas: self-perception, quality of life, and personal growth. Yet the specific elements of musical experience that enable such effects remain little understood. Identifying the literature on this topic will enable deeper understanding and identify gaps in knowledge.
Inclusion criteria: The review will include peer-reviewed publications, systematic and scoping reviews, and gray literature, including theses and reports. Studies will focus on older community-dwelling adults (60 years or over) engaged in group music-making in community settings. The studies must include enquiry into transformative effects. Music used therapeutically in health settings, individual music-making, and listening (rather than active music-making) will be excluded. Any empirical methodology will be accepted.
Methods: The review will follow the JBI methodology for scoping reviews. Databases to be searched will include MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (Ovid), Scopus, Embase (Ovid), Informit, Cochrane Library, Campbell Collaboration, JBI Evidence-based Practice Database, Web of Science, JSTOR, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCOhost), ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, and Google Scholar. Studies must be published in English, from 2000 until the present. Retrieved studies will be independently screened by at least 2 reviewers. Data will be extracted using a data extraction tool developed by the research team. The findings will be presented in tabular format, supported by a narrative summary.
Review registration: Open Science Framework https://osf.io/ftuhx.
Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to understand the range and types of evidence in relation to the views of general practitioner and other general practice staff on sharing general practice data for research purposes.
Introduction: The use of general practice data for research has the potential to drive transformative improvements in health care. The vast amount of patient data collected in general practice is valuable and provides researchers with data to conduct large-scale studies and generate evidence that can inform policy decisions, support the development of personalized medicine, and enhance patient outcomes. However, despite there being clear benefits to using general practice data for research, there are also potential harms, such as data misuse, loss of trust between the general practitioner and patient, and data breaches.
Inclusion criteria: This scoping review will focus on the views of general practice staff, including general practitioners, practice nurses, and practice managers, about sharing general practice data for the purposes of research. This scoping review will exclude sources of evidence that are conducted outside of the general practice setting, and papers that report on public, patient, or community views on data sharing.
Methods: This scoping review will be conducted in accordance with JBI methodology for scoping reviews. A 3-step search strategy will be used to acquire both published and unpublished sources of evidence. Two reviewers will independently select sources of evidence in line with the inclusion and exclusion criteria. No limits on the date of the search or language will be applied. Data will be extracted and the results will be summarized descriptively and presented in a tabular format.
Review registration: Open Science Framework https://osf.io/49yw5.
Objective: The objective of this systematic review is to synthesize studies on the economic burden and economic impact of non-communicable diseases in the World Health Organization South-East Asia Region (WHO SEAR) countries.
Introduction: WHO SEAR countries represent 8.6% of the world's population, and 75% of all deaths in this region are attributable to non-communicable diseases. In addition, there is a pattern of low government spending on health in SEAR countries, leading to a high proportion of health financing by patients, risking impoverishment for households.
Inclusion criteria: We will consider observational (cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control) and interventional (either single arm or comparative) studies that report the economic burden (direct and indirect costs, out-of-pocket expenditure) and economic impact (catastrophic health expenditure, hardship financing, impoverishment, and gross domestic product impact) at the individual, household, and/or country levels. This includes government surveys, surveillance, and secondary data analyses for one or more non-communicable diseases prevalent in the WHO SEAR.
Methods: We will conduct a comprehensive search for relevant studies in databases, including MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase (Ovid), Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and gray literature, with no date limits. Two reviewers will independently screen titles and abstracts, followed by full-text screening. Included studies will be critically appraised for quality. Data will be extracted accordingly and, if possible, random effects meta-analyses will be conducted on the pooled data for resource utilization and costs (including burden and impact), presenting the degree of variation between studies. The characteristics and results of the included studies will be narratively summarized with accompanying tables.
Review registration: PROSPERO CRD42023421302.
Objective: The objective of this review is to comprehensively analyze qualitative evidence on the experiences of Canadian women aged 18 years or older living on a low income. The review will examine the intersectionality of their identities and privileges when accessing mental health services, with the aim of informing targeted interventions and policy improvements.
Introduction: Despite the growing body of research on mental health disparities and a call for improved mental health care, both globally and in Canada, there is a need to identify recommendations for system enhancement and to improve gender equality by understanding the nuanced experiences of accessing mental health care for Canadian women living on a low income.
Inclusion criteria: This review will include qualitative studies conducted within the past decade about women of diverse backgrounds aged 18 years or older who identify as living on a low income and who have resided in Canada for 6 months or longer. Studies using any qualitative methodology will be included.
Methods: The following databases will be searched for published studies: MEDLINE and PsycINFO (Ovid), CINAHL and Pre-CINAHL (EBSCOhost), LiSSa, and Google Scholar. Searches for unpublished studies will include the Primo Central Index, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses Global, and the Canadian Women's Foundation Studies. The review will include studies published in English and French in Canada, from 2013 to the present. The JBI methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence will be followed, informing study selection, critical appraisal, extraction, synthesis, and assessment of confidence, which will be conducted by 2 reviewers independently.
Review registration: PROSPERO CRD42023430100.
Objective: The objective of this review is to synthesize the experiences of parents of teenagers with life-threatening food allergies.
Introduction: Life-threatening food allergies are increasing globally, with a significant effect on families, particularly parents. The teenage years are a time of increasing autonomy for young people; however, for parents living with and caring for a teenager with a life-threatening food allergy, this responsibility can have a considerable impact.
Inclusion criteria: This review will include qualitative studies on the experiences of parents of teenagers with life-threatening food allergies, including, but not limited to, caregiving, parenting, and psychosocial experiences; any day-to-day activities, happenings, thoughts, or feelings related to parenting a teenager with life-threatening food allergies; and the handing over of responsibility for the allergy to the teenager. The review will include studies on participants in the community and in health care settings such as inpatient hospitalizations, outpatient visits, school and sports events, family dinners, restaurants, and travel. Participants from all cultural backgrounds, socio-economic backgrounds, and countries will be included.
Methods: The review will follow the JBI methodology for systematic reviews of qualitative evidence. The search for published studies will include CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO (EBSCOhost); Embase (Ovid); LILACS, IBSS, and Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest). The search for unpublished studies will include ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, Open Access Theses and Dissertations (OATD), Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE), Google, and Google Scholar. Databases will be searched from inception until the present. JBI tools and guidelines will be used to conduct critical appraisal, data extraction, data synthesis, and assessment of confidence in the findings.
Review registration: PROSPERO CRD42024503698.
Introduction: In recent decades, clinical research has seen significant advancements, both in the generation and synthesis of evidence through meta-analyses. Despite these methodological advancements, there is a growing concern about the accumulation of repetitive and redundant literature, potentially contributing to research waste. This highlights the necessity for a mechanism to determine when a meta-analysis has conclusively addressed a research question, signaling no further need for additional studies-a concept we term an "exit" meta-analysis.
Methods: We introduced a convergence index, the Doi-Abdulmajeed Trial Stability (DAts) index, and a convergence plot to determine the exit status of a meta-analysis. The performance of DAts was examined through simulation and applied to two real-world meta-analyses.
Results: The DAts index and convergence plot demonstrate highly effective discriminative ability across varying study scenarios. This represents the first attempt to define an exit meta-analysis using a quantitative measurement of stability (as opposed to sufficiency) and its corresponding plot. The application to real-world scenarios further validated the utility of DAts and the convergence plot in identifying a conclusive (exit) meta-analyses.
Conclusion: The new development of DAts and the convergence plot provide a promising tool for investigating the conclusiveness of meta-analyses. By identifying an exit status for meta-analysis, the scientific community may be equipped to make better-informed decisions on the continuation of research on a specific topic, thereby preventing research waste and focusing efforts on areas with unresolved questions.
Objective: This scoping review aims to identify, catalogue, and characterize previously reported tools, techniques, methods, and processes that have been recommended or used by evidence synthesizers to detect fraudulent or erroneous data and mitigate its impact.
Introduction: Decision-making for policy and practice should always be underpinned by the best available evidence-typically peer-reviewed scientific literature. Evidence synthesis literature should be collated and organized using the appropriate evidence synthesis methodology, best exemplified by the role systematic reviews play in evidence-based health care. However, with the rise of "predatory journals," fraudulent or erroneous data may be invading this literature, which may negatively affect evidence syntheses that use this data. This, in turn, may compromise decision-making processes.
Inclusion criteria: This review will include peer-reviewed articles, commentaries, books, and editorials that describe at least 1 tool, technique, method, or process with the explicit purpose of identifying or mitigating the impact of fraudulent or erroneous data for any evidence synthesis, in any topic area. Manuals, handbooks, and guidance from major organizations, universities, and libraries will also be considered.
Methods: This review will be conducted using the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). Databases and relevant organizational websites will be searched for eligible studies. Title and abstract, and subsequently full-text screening will be conducted in duplicate using Covidence. Data from identified full texts will be extracted using a pre-determined checklist, while the findings will be summarized descriptively and presented in tables.
This scoping review protocol was registered in open science framework: https://osf.io/u8yrn.
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