Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.047
Jeena V Chimmen, Ayisha Hasna KV, Angela Ann Sebastian, Jassal Mathew, Vismaya Nair
Intraoperative squash smear cytology is considered to be of great value in intraoperative consultation of CNS pathology. It is a simple and reliable tool for rapid intraoperative diagnosis of CNS tumors. The study was undertaken to assess the accuracy of intraoperative squash smear in the diagnosis of CNS lesions and to correlate the squash cytology diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis taking the latter as the gold standard. A retrospective study of 38 cases of CNS lesions from which samples were collected by surgery or biopsy for intraoperative consultations and histopathological diagnosis. Radiologically confirmed cases were only included in the study. Smears were prepared from the biopsy sample obtained at the time of operation and were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Remaining tissue submitted for histopathology was later correlated with intraoperative cytology diagnosis. Out of 38 cases, histopathological diagnosis was compatible with cytological diagnosis in 36 cases, two cases showed discrepancies. The diagnostic accuracy of squash cytology was 94.73%. Even though two cases were diagnosed differently in cytology, it was proved to be a malignant tumor both in squash cytology and histopathological diagnosis. Hence sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value in detecting the neoplastic condition on cytology was 100% respectively. Squash smear is a rapid, self-sufficient and cost effective method for the intraoperative diagnosis of CNS tumors. It can be considered as a mirror image to histopathological diagnosis and is of great value in intraoperative consultation of CNS pathology.
{"title":"Correlation of intraoperative squash smear and histopathology in central nervous system lesions: A 6-year retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital in Kerala","authors":"Jeena V Chimmen, Ayisha Hasna KV, Angela Ann Sebastian, Jassal Mathew, Vismaya Nair","doi":"10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.047","url":null,"abstract":"Intraoperative squash smear cytology is considered to be of great value in intraoperative consultation of CNS pathology. It is a simple and reliable tool for rapid intraoperative diagnosis of CNS tumors. The study was undertaken to assess the accuracy of intraoperative squash smear in the diagnosis of CNS lesions and to correlate the squash cytology diagnosis with histopathological diagnosis taking the latter as the gold standard. A retrospective study of 38 cases of CNS lesions from which samples were collected by surgery or biopsy for intraoperative consultations and histopathological diagnosis. Radiologically confirmed cases were only included in the study. Smears were prepared from the biopsy sample obtained at the time of operation and were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Remaining tissue submitted for histopathology was later correlated with intraoperative cytology diagnosis. Out of 38 cases, histopathological diagnosis was compatible with cytological diagnosis in 36 cases, two cases showed discrepancies. The diagnostic accuracy of squash cytology was 94.73%. Even though two cases were diagnosed differently in cytology, it was proved to be a malignant tumor both in squash cytology and histopathological diagnosis. Hence sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value in detecting the neoplastic condition on cytology was 100% respectively. Squash smear is a rapid, self-sufficient and cost effective method for the intraoperative diagnosis of CNS tumors. It can be considered as a mirror image to histopathological diagnosis and is of great value in intraoperative consultation of CNS pathology.","PeriodicalId":364340,"journal":{"name":"IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139000558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.049
Aarti Tyagi, Anjali Gupta
The physiology of haemostasis and blood coagulation is intimately linked to the hepatic function. Liver disorders can be associated with deranged coagulation profile, thrombocytopenia, and dysfibrinogenemia. In hepatocellular injury, both quantitative and qualitative abnormalities in coagulation factors are often seen. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), peculiar as both cancer and liver cirrhosis to dismay the haemostatic balance towards a prothrombotic state. Our study aims to assess the hemostatic changes and the comparision of coagulation profile trends that occur in cases of liver cirrhosis with HCC versus cirrhosis without HCC: The present study is the hospital based cross-sectional study in a tertiary care centre, New Delhi. A maximum 150 cases of liver cirrhosis with and without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) studied from Dec 2017 to Nov 2019 and analysed for parameters related to coagulation i.e. prothrombin time (PT/INR), fibrinogen level and platelet count 1 day prior to the liver transplant. Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.0. Comparisons between groups frequencies were made using Chi-square test. P< 0.05 was considered as significant.: Prothrombin time was found to be increased in all the cirrhotic patients (both with and without HCC). Decrease in the level of fibrinogen was observed in 90 % cases of cirrhosis with HCC and 80% of cases of cirrhosis without HCC. Platelet count were almost in normal range among majority of the cirrhosis cases both with and without HCC (86.0% and 75.0% respectively).No significant difference was observed in prothrombin time, fibrinogen level and platelet count among the cases with and without hepatocellular carcinoma (p>0.05).: All the cases showed haemostatic abnormalities in the form of hypofibrinogenemia and increase PT/INR. There is no significant difference in the coagulation profile in cases of cirrhosis with HCC in comparison to cases of cirrhosis without HCC.
{"title":"Comparision of coagulation profile trends in case of liver cirrhosis with HCC versus cirrhosis without HCC: Analysis of 150 cases in a tertiary health care","authors":"Aarti Tyagi, Anjali Gupta","doi":"10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.049","url":null,"abstract":"The physiology of haemostasis and blood coagulation is intimately linked to the hepatic function. Liver disorders can be associated with deranged coagulation profile, thrombocytopenia, and dysfibrinogenemia. In hepatocellular injury, both quantitative and qualitative abnormalities in coagulation factors are often seen. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), peculiar as both cancer and liver cirrhosis to dismay the haemostatic balance towards a prothrombotic state. Our study aims to assess the hemostatic changes and the comparision of coagulation profile trends that occur in cases of liver cirrhosis with HCC versus cirrhosis without HCC: The present study is the hospital based cross-sectional study in a tertiary care centre, New Delhi. A maximum 150 cases of liver cirrhosis with and without hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) studied from Dec 2017 to Nov 2019 and analysed for parameters related to coagulation i.e. prothrombin time (PT/INR), fibrinogen level and platelet count 1 day prior to the liver transplant. Statistical analysis used: Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.0. Comparisons between groups frequencies were made using Chi-square test. P< 0.05 was considered as significant.: Prothrombin time was found to be increased in all the cirrhotic patients (both with and without HCC). Decrease in the level of fibrinogen was observed in 90 % cases of cirrhosis with HCC and 80% of cases of cirrhosis without HCC. Platelet count were almost in normal range among majority of the cirrhosis cases both with and without HCC (86.0% and 75.0% respectively).No significant difference was observed in prothrombin time, fibrinogen level and platelet count among the cases with and without hepatocellular carcinoma (p>0.05).: All the cases showed haemostatic abnormalities in the form of hypofibrinogenemia and increase PT/INR. There is no significant difference in the coagulation profile in cases of cirrhosis with HCC in comparison to cases of cirrhosis without HCC.","PeriodicalId":364340,"journal":{"name":"IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138970572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.053
S. Kadam, K. Pardeshi, Hoogar Mallinath Basalingappa, Satish Bhasale, Vaishali Bhonsle, Nakul Y Sampat, A. Valand
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common primary carcinoma of skin, which accounts for three-fourth of all primary skin tumours. Basal carcinoma occurs commonly as a single lesion, though occasionally it can occur as Multiple lesions, which may occur in close association with heredofamilial conditions such as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin’s syndrome), Bazex syndrome, Rombo syndrome, and unilateral basal cell nevus syndrome. The case of multiple basal cell carcinomas being presented here is unique in its occurrence inasmuch as it is not associated with heredofamilial conditions, and despite not being associated with heredofamilial conditions there is occurrence of multiple basal carcinomas in a patient in a tertiary care hospital in a dominantly tribal region. The patient has no family history of genodermatosis that could increase the incidence of multiple basal cell carcinomas such as xeroderma pigmentosum, and no history of other predisposing conditions including actinic keratosis, Bowen’s Disease, leukoplakia, Erythroplasia of Queyrat, keratoacanthoma, radiation dermatitis and exposure to arsenicals, psoralen and other photosensitizing medications. However, the patient had history of having raised macules over the face which were diagnosed as seborrheic keratosis.
{"title":"Multiple-lesion, non-familial basal cell carcinoma-An interesting oddity","authors":"S. Kadam, K. Pardeshi, Hoogar Mallinath Basalingappa, Satish Bhasale, Vaishali Bhonsle, Nakul Y Sampat, A. Valand","doi":"10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.053","url":null,"abstract":"Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common primary carcinoma of skin, which accounts for three-fourth of all primary skin tumours. Basal carcinoma occurs commonly as a single lesion, though occasionally it can occur as Multiple lesions, which may occur in close association with heredofamilial conditions such as nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome (Gorlin’s syndrome), Bazex syndrome, Rombo syndrome, and unilateral basal cell nevus syndrome. The case of multiple basal cell carcinomas being presented here is unique in its occurrence inasmuch as it is not associated with heredofamilial conditions, and despite not being associated with heredofamilial conditions there is occurrence of multiple basal carcinomas in a patient in a tertiary care hospital in a dominantly tribal region. The patient has no family history of genodermatosis that could increase the incidence of multiple basal cell carcinomas such as xeroderma pigmentosum, and no history of other predisposing conditions including actinic keratosis, Bowen’s Disease, leukoplakia, Erythroplasia of Queyrat, keratoacanthoma, radiation dermatitis and exposure to arsenicals, psoralen and other photosensitizing medications. However, the patient had history of having raised macules over the face which were diagnosed as seborrheic keratosis.","PeriodicalId":364340,"journal":{"name":"IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138996596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.054
Preetham Raj T S, Nirmala C
Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor arising in the sinonasal tract, having combined histological features of teratoma and carcinosarcoma. Here, we are presenting a case of sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma in a 44 year‑old male patient. 44 year old male presented to us with complains of nasal obstruction and intermittent epistaxis since 1 month. On examination polypoidal mass was noted in left nasal cavity which bleeds on touch. On MRI, well defined heterogeneously enhancing lesion completely filling the left nasal cavity was noted. Histopathological examination of resected specimen revealed, malignant epithelial components being adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, mesenchymal component composed of spindle cells, along with primitive mesenchymal and blastemal components. Immunohistochemistry showed epithelial and stromal markers positive for Cytokeratin and Vimentin respectively. Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma (TCS) is a rare and aggressive malignant neoplasm characterized by the combination of malignant teratoma and carcinosarcoma. Most common presentation being nasal obstruction and epistaxis with male preponderance. The tumor shows heterogeneous morphology with varying proportions of benign and malignant epithelial, mesenchymal, and blastemal components. Less than 100 cases have been reported in literature. Teratocarcinosarcoma is a rare aggressive sinonasal tumor. Total excision of the tumor and aggressive sampling for histopathological examination is necessary to avoid misdiagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma and carcinosarcoma.
{"title":"Teratocarcinosarcoma: A rare malignant tumor of sinonasal tract","authors":"Preetham Raj T S, Nirmala C","doi":"10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.054","url":null,"abstract":"Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma is an extremely rare malignant tumor arising in the sinonasal tract, having combined histological features of teratoma and carcinosarcoma. Here, we are presenting a case of sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma in a 44 year‑old male patient. 44 year old male presented to us with complains of nasal obstruction and intermittent epistaxis since 1 month. On examination polypoidal mass was noted in left nasal cavity which bleeds on touch. On MRI, well defined heterogeneously enhancing lesion completely filling the left nasal cavity was noted. Histopathological examination of resected specimen revealed, malignant epithelial components being adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, mesenchymal component composed of spindle cells, along with primitive mesenchymal and blastemal components. Immunohistochemistry showed epithelial and stromal markers positive for Cytokeratin and Vimentin respectively. Sinonasal teratocarcinosarcoma (TCS) is a rare and aggressive malignant neoplasm characterized by the combination of malignant teratoma and carcinosarcoma. Most common presentation being nasal obstruction and epistaxis with male preponderance. The tumor shows heterogeneous morphology with varying proportions of benign and malignant epithelial, mesenchymal, and blastemal components. Less than 100 cases have been reported in literature. Teratocarcinosarcoma is a rare aggressive sinonasal tumor. Total excision of the tumor and aggressive sampling for histopathological examination is necessary to avoid misdiagnosis of olfactory neuroblastoma and carcinosarcoma.","PeriodicalId":364340,"journal":{"name":"IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138999341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.046
Nandakishore Ghoshal, Susanchita Singh
Breast cancer is one of the widespread diseases all over the world. Breast cancer is the leading variant of cancer among females. Oral diseases are potentially thought to be relevant to systemic disease. Surgical approaches lumpectomy, partial mastectomy along with post surgical radiotherapy (RT) or chemotherapy (CT) is the mainstream gold standard treatment of breast cancer. But unfortunately RT/CT comes with some unavoidable stomatological complications especially in post menopausal age. There are many studies found some definite oral complications during the treatment periods of breast cancer therapy like sore mouth, mucositis, salivary gland dysfunctions, dysguesia, dysesthesia, cervical caries, periodontitis, alveolar bone loss, opportunistic infections, and osteoradionecrosis etc. Obtained from present knowledge available, different oral complications are discussed like proper oral hygiene (both professional and domiciliary), pretreatment prophylaxis, appropria te diet, periodontal check up, fluoride varnish, salivary substitutes which minimize the chance to develop complications. Certain measures are to be taken at pretreatment and post treatment sessions in order to prevent possible complications. We will try to discuss the possible oral complications and way outs in the article.
{"title":"Stomatological complications and comprehensive oral care of post-menopausal patients undergoing breast cancer treatment","authors":"Nandakishore Ghoshal, Susanchita Singh","doi":"10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.046","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is one of the widespread diseases all over the world. Breast cancer is the leading variant of cancer among females. Oral diseases are potentially thought to be relevant to systemic disease. Surgical approaches lumpectomy, partial mastectomy along with post surgical radiotherapy (RT) or chemotherapy (CT) is the mainstream gold standard treatment of breast cancer. But unfortunately RT/CT comes with some unavoidable stomatological complications especially in post menopausal age. There are many studies found some definite oral complications during the treatment periods of breast cancer therapy like sore mouth, mucositis, salivary gland dysfunctions, dysguesia, dysesthesia, cervical caries, periodontitis, alveolar bone loss, opportunistic infections, and osteoradionecrosis etc. Obtained from present knowledge available, different oral complications are discussed like proper oral hygiene (both professional and domiciliary), pretreatment prophylaxis, appropria te diet, periodontal check up, fluoride varnish, salivary substitutes which minimize the chance to develop complications. Certain measures are to be taken at pretreatment and post treatment sessions in order to prevent possible complications. We will try to discuss the possible oral complications and way outs in the article.","PeriodicalId":364340,"journal":{"name":"IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138995809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.037
Pallavi Padamsing Ghunawat, Madhuvantee Shashikant Sonawane, Shashank Ramesh Godbole, A. Padmanabhan, N. Gadgil
Chordomas are slow-growing tumors that account for 1-4% of all bone tumors. They are most commonly seen in the sacrum, followed by the base of the skull and spine. Males are affected more than females. A 28-year-old female presented with nasal bleeding and bilateral nasal obstruction for 1 month. Clinical, physical, and radiological examinations revealed a mass in the nasopharynx. The radiological diagnosis was a large polypoidal adenomatous neoplastic mass. However, histopathological examination revealed a chordoma. The nasopharynx is an unusual site for chordoma presentation, and it has a nonspecific clinical and radiological appearance. Hence, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a nasopharyngeal mass.
{"title":"Chondroid chordoma of the nasopharynx - A rare case report","authors":"Pallavi Padamsing Ghunawat, Madhuvantee Shashikant Sonawane, Shashank Ramesh Godbole, A. Padmanabhan, N. Gadgil","doi":"10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.037","url":null,"abstract":"Chordomas are slow-growing tumors that account for 1-4% of all bone tumors. They are most commonly seen in the sacrum, followed by the base of the skull and spine. Males are affected more than females. A 28-year-old female presented with nasal bleeding and bilateral nasal obstruction for 1 month. Clinical, physical, and radiological examinations revealed a mass in the nasopharynx. The radiological diagnosis was a large polypoidal adenomatous neoplastic mass. However, histopathological examination revealed a chordoma. The nasopharynx is an unusual site for chordoma presentation, and it has a nonspecific clinical and radiological appearance. Hence, it should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a nasopharyngeal mass.","PeriodicalId":364340,"journal":{"name":"IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116624940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.031
Archana Muniswamyreddy, K. Chatura
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one of the common malignant disease of the skin worldwide. An attempt at a simplified, accurate histologic classification of BCC based on histologic growth patterns is done in this study. This paved way to the concept of risk typing BCC into low and high-risk types. This is a retrospective descriptive study of skin biopsies diagnosed as BCC between 2010 and 2018 in the Department of Pathology in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Karnataka. H&E stained sections were reviewed, histopathologically subtyped and further categorized into high and low risk types. IHC for BerEP4 was done in ten diagnostically challenging cases. The patients were followed up for six months after the study period. 79 cases of BCC were studied with majority of them being classified as high risk BCC (83.54%), with nodular type (51.89%) being the most common histological subtype. BCCs were seen predominantly in patients in the sixth decade with a female preponderance in both high and low risk BCCs. Majority of the patients with genetic predispositions were of young age and included xeroderma pigmentosa and oculocutaneous albinism. IHC for BerEP4 showed strong and diffuse membranous staining in all ten cases. Recurrence was noted in two cases and metastasis following three recurrences was noted in one case. An accurate histologic classification of BCC based on growth pattern is of great significance as it reflects the biological behaviour of the tumour. Risk typing BCC into high and low risk types further guides the management of BCC. High risk categories mandate more aggressive and decisive treatment to prevent recurrences and also helps predict the prognosis for the patient.
{"title":"Histologic pattern analysis of cutaneous basal cell carcinoma at a tertiary care hospital in South India","authors":"Archana Muniswamyreddy, K. Chatura","doi":"10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.031","url":null,"abstract":"Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one of the common malignant disease of the skin worldwide. An attempt at a simplified, accurate histologic classification of BCC based on histologic growth patterns is done in this study. This paved way to the concept of risk typing BCC into low and high-risk types. This is a retrospective descriptive study of skin biopsies diagnosed as BCC between 2010 and 2018 in the Department of Pathology in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Karnataka. H&E stained sections were reviewed, histopathologically subtyped and further categorized into high and low risk types. IHC for BerEP4 was done in ten diagnostically challenging cases. The patients were followed up for six months after the study period. 79 cases of BCC were studied with majority of them being classified as high risk BCC (83.54%), with nodular type (51.89%) being the most common histological subtype. BCCs were seen predominantly in patients in the sixth decade with a female preponderance in both high and low risk BCCs. Majority of the patients with genetic predispositions were of young age and included xeroderma pigmentosa and oculocutaneous albinism. IHC for BerEP4 showed strong and diffuse membranous staining in all ten cases. Recurrence was noted in two cases and metastasis following three recurrences was noted in one case. An accurate histologic classification of BCC based on growth pattern is of great significance as it reflects the biological behaviour of the tumour. Risk typing BCC into high and low risk types further guides the management of BCC. High risk categories mandate more aggressive and decisive treatment to prevent recurrences and also helps predict the prognosis for the patient.","PeriodicalId":364340,"journal":{"name":"IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123300505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Phyllodes tumor of the breast is an uncommon biphasic tumor, occurring mainly in females belonging to the age group of 42 to 45 years. Malignant phyllodes tumor is a rare neoplasm that accounts for 10 to 20% of total phyllodes tumors. Histologically, phyllodes tumors are featured by leaf like projections of hypercellular stroma into the cystic or cleft-like spaces being lined by epithelium. Presence of stromal elements like fibrosarcomatous and heterologous sarcomatous characters are associated with an increased risk of malignant change. Here, we report a rare case of a 50yrs old female patient, who presented with swiftly growing left breast mass that was diagnosed as a case of malignant phyllodes tumor showing heterologous elements in form of chondroid, liposarcomatous, rhabdoid and fibrosarcoma, with marked proliferation of stromal component. The patient was subjected to modified radical mastectomy.
{"title":"Malignant phylloides with heterologous elements: A case report","authors":"Manish Kumar Pradhan, Sumanlata Sahu, Kanchan Maurya, Marisha, Vikas Kailashiya","doi":"10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.036","url":null,"abstract":"Phyllodes tumor of the breast is an uncommon biphasic tumor, occurring mainly in females belonging to the age group of 42 to 45 years. Malignant phyllodes tumor is a rare neoplasm that accounts for 10 to 20% of total phyllodes tumors. Histologically, phyllodes tumors are featured by leaf like projections of hypercellular stroma into the cystic or cleft-like spaces being lined by epithelium. Presence of stromal elements like fibrosarcomatous and heterologous sarcomatous characters are associated with an increased risk of malignant change. Here, we report a rare case of a 50yrs old female patient, who presented with swiftly growing left breast mass that was diagnosed as a case of malignant phyllodes tumor showing heterologous elements in form of chondroid, liposarcomatous, rhabdoid and fibrosarcoma, with marked proliferation of stromal component. The patient was subjected to modified radical mastectomy.","PeriodicalId":364340,"journal":{"name":"IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124831374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.035
S. Usman, V. Maheshwari, N. Afroz, Murad Ahmed
Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Despite new modalities of treatment there has been no significant improvement in mortality and morbidity. E-cadherin responsible for cell-cell adhesion in epithelial tissues. It plays role in establishment and maintenance of polarity and structural integrity. Low expression helps in process of carcinogenesis. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression is found in majority of oral squamous cell carcinoma and association have been made between increased expression levels and an aggressive phenotype.To study the association of E-cadherin with epidermal growth factor receptor in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma.After taking informed consent from patients 75 cases of OSCC were included in the study and subjected to immunohistochemistry of E-cadherin and EGFR.It was concluded from the study that with decrease in differentiation of OSCC expression of E- cadherin decrease while expression of EGFR increases. On correlating both were found to be inversely proportional to each other.During EMT there is loss of cell adhesion molecules. In our study with decrease differentiation there is loss of E-cadherin. E-Cadherin expression was inversely correlated to EGFR expression.
{"title":"Association of E-cadherin with epidermal growth factor receptor in squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity","authors":"S. Usman, V. Maheshwari, N. Afroz, Murad Ahmed","doi":"10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.035","url":null,"abstract":"Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Despite new modalities of treatment there has been no significant improvement in mortality and morbidity. E-cadherin responsible for cell-cell adhesion in epithelial tissues. It plays role in establishment and maintenance of polarity and structural integrity. Low expression helps in process of carcinogenesis. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression is found in majority of oral squamous cell carcinoma and association have been made between increased expression levels and an aggressive phenotype.To study the association of E-cadherin with epidermal growth factor receptor in different grades of oral squamous cell carcinoma.After taking informed consent from patients 75 cases of OSCC were included in the study and subjected to immunohistochemistry of E-cadherin and EGFR.It was concluded from the study that with decrease in differentiation of OSCC expression of E- cadherin decrease while expression of EGFR increases. On correlating both were found to be inversely proportional to each other.During EMT there is loss of cell adhesion molecules. In our study with decrease differentiation there is loss of E-cadherin. E-Cadherin expression was inversely correlated to EGFR expression.","PeriodicalId":364340,"journal":{"name":"IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128415434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-15DOI: 10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.044
Vineet Banga, Stuti Jain, Anju Gupta, Sachi Gupta
Scrotal calcinosis is a rare condition characterised by single or multiple hard, painless nodules in the scrotal skin. It is uncommon and subtype of calcinosis cutis. It appears mainly in men aged 20‑40 years of age as hard, yellowish nodules varying in size (1 mm to several centimetres). They are usually asymptomatic; however, may be complicated with heaviness, itching or discharge. FNAC (Fine needle aspiration cytology) can prove to be a useful tool for diagnosis of this rare disorder. A diagnosis by FNAC may at times be comforting for the patient and the treating Doctor and can help avoid unnecessary surgery. Reports on this issue are sparse and thus we are reporting uncommon condition of scrotal calcinosis diagnosed on FNAC rarely used to diagnose this condition.
{"title":"Scrotal calcinosis- A rare condition diagnosed on FNAC","authors":"Vineet Banga, Stuti Jain, Anju Gupta, Sachi Gupta","doi":"10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18231/j.jdpo.2023.044","url":null,"abstract":"Scrotal calcinosis is a rare condition characterised by single or multiple hard, painless nodules in the scrotal skin. It is uncommon and subtype of calcinosis cutis. It appears mainly in men aged 20‑40 years of age as hard, yellowish nodules varying in size (1 mm to several centimetres). They are usually asymptomatic; however, may be complicated with heaviness, itching or discharge. FNAC (Fine needle aspiration cytology) can prove to be a useful tool for diagnosis of this rare disorder. A diagnosis by FNAC may at times be comforting for the patient and the treating Doctor and can help avoid unnecessary surgery. Reports on this issue are sparse and thus we are reporting uncommon condition of scrotal calcinosis diagnosed on FNAC rarely used to diagnose this condition.","PeriodicalId":364340,"journal":{"name":"IP Journal of Diagnostic Pathology and Oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127599714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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