Pub Date : 2022-04-20DOI: 10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.2.13
C. Mourtzios, Ioannis Athanailidis, Vasilia Arvanitidou, E. Kellis
The present study aimed to examine the differences in ankle and knee joint kinematics between the flat, slice, and topspin tennis serves. Twelve young tennis players (six boys, and six girls) aged 12-16 years old, performed flat, slice and topspin serve whilst three-dimensional body kinematics were recorded using an optoelectronic camera system. Ankle plantarflexion/dorsiflexion and knee extension/flexion angular positions were recorded at two-time instants: first, at the time of maximum knee flexion and, second, at time of ball to racket contact. Analysis of variance designs showed that the knee flexion angle of the back leg differed significantly between the three service types (P < 0.001). Further, the rear leg ankle angle at maximum flexion also significantly differed between the three serves (P < 0.004). It was observed that tennis players perform topspin and slice serves with smaller joint angles than flat serves, probably, because the former is being used as a second serve in the game. Τhe ankle, which is the closest point of the kinetic chain at the start of power generation, plays an important and different role in the performance of the three serve types. Therefore, the synergy of the ankle joint is very important in the initial phase of serve for the transfer of forces. Coaches should review the technical issues of serve movement based on the flexibility of the ankle joint because the limited ankle range of motion does not help to transfer forces from the ground.
{"title":"Ankle and Knee Joint Kinematics Differ between Flat, Slice and Topspin Serves in Young Tennis Players","authors":"C. Mourtzios, Ioannis Athanailidis, Vasilia Arvanitidou, E. Kellis","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aimed to examine the differences in ankle and knee joint kinematics between the flat, slice, and topspin tennis serves. Twelve young tennis players (six boys, and six girls) aged 12-16 years old, performed flat, slice and topspin serve whilst three-dimensional body kinematics were recorded using an optoelectronic camera system. Ankle plantarflexion/dorsiflexion and knee extension/flexion angular positions were recorded at two-time instants: first, at the time of maximum knee flexion and, second, at time of ball to racket contact. Analysis of variance designs showed that the knee flexion angle of the back leg differed significantly between the three service types (P < 0.001). Further, the rear leg ankle angle at maximum flexion also significantly differed between the three serves (P < 0.004). It was observed that tennis players perform topspin and slice serves with smaller joint angles than flat serves, probably, because the former is being used as a second serve in the game. Τhe ankle, which is the closest point of the kinetic chain at the start of power generation, plays an important and different role in the performance of the three serve types. Therefore, the synergy of the ankle joint is very important in the initial phase of serve for the transfer of forces. Coaches should review the technical issues of serve movement based on the flexibility of the ankle joint because the limited ankle range of motion does not help to transfer forces from the ground.","PeriodicalId":36509,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85245255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-17DOI: 10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.2.10
K. Greier, C. Drenowatz, Johannes Mairoser
Background: Competitive gymnastics is a physically demanding sport that requires flexibility, coordination, endurance and strength. The biomechanics of the sport also result in a specific injury profile. Methods: A total of 30 gymnasts from the Austrian national team (21.9±3.9 years) and 25 competitive gymnasts not affiliated with the national team (22.8±6.4 years) provided information on their injuries of a 3-year period (2018-2020) via an online survey. The injury rate per 1000 hours of training was calculated and injuries were stratified by severity, injured body structure and the localization of the injury. Mann Whitney U and Chi-square tests were used to examine differences between national team and non-national team gymnasts. Results: A total of 64 injuries were reported, which resulted in 0.4 injuries per 1000 hours of training. There was no difference in injury rate per training hours; national team members, however, reported significantly more injuries per person compared to their non-national team peers (1.4±1.1 vs. 0.8±1.0; p=0,04). The most common tissue affected by injuries were tendons and ligaments (59%) while muscle injuries were the least common injuries (11%). Almost half of the injuries (47%) affected the lower extremities, with ankle injuries being the most common ones. Roughly 80% of injuries were considered minor to moderate and could be treated via outpatient care. Across the different disciplines of gymnastics most injuries were reported during floor routines (36%) followed by vault (16%). Conclusion: Injury risk was directly associated with training volume. Severe injuries, however, were rare even in highly competitive gymnasts.
{"title":"Injuries in Competitive Austrian Gymnasts","authors":"K. Greier, C. Drenowatz, Johannes Mairoser","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Competitive gymnastics is a physically demanding sport that requires flexibility, coordination, endurance and strength. The biomechanics of the sport also result in a specific injury profile.\u0000Methods: A total of 30 gymnasts from the Austrian national team (21.9±3.9 years) and 25 competitive gymnasts not affiliated with the national team (22.8±6.4 years) provided information on their injuries of a 3-year period (2018-2020) via an online survey. The injury rate per 1000 hours of training was calculated and injuries were stratified by severity, injured body structure and the localization of the injury. Mann Whitney U and Chi-square tests were used to examine differences between national team and non-national team gymnasts.\u0000Results: A total of 64 injuries were reported, which resulted in 0.4 injuries per 1000 hours of training. There was no difference in injury rate per training hours; national team members, however, reported significantly more injuries per person compared to their non-national team peers (1.4±1.1 vs. 0.8±1.0; p=0,04). The most common tissue affected by injuries were tendons and ligaments (59%) while muscle injuries were the least common injuries (11%). Almost half of the injuries (47%) affected the lower extremities, with ankle injuries being the most common ones. Roughly 80% of injuries were considered minor to moderate and could be treated via outpatient care. Across the different disciplines of gymnastics most injuries were reported during floor routines (36%) followed by vault (16%).\u0000Conclusion: Injury risk was directly associated with training volume. Severe injuries, however, were rare even in highly competitive gymnasts.","PeriodicalId":36509,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine","volume":"110 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82693694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-10DOI: 10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.2.6
I. Kosmas, Dimitris Gargalianos, Y. Georgiou
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is twofold. At first, to examine the role of political influence in public administration using the non-productive occupational conflicts in Municipal Sport Organizations (M.S.Os). At second, to investigate which might be the particular aspects of conflict creation. Design/methodology/approach: The study used information extracted from semi-constructed interviews. Interviewed participants were employees of different municipal sports organizations of the Region of Attica Greece. They also belong to different occupational levels. Findings: The results indicated that the employees in municipal sports organizations detect the roots of interior conflicts in the political influence, which is a practice as an indirect pressure of the elected management members of the board, to implement a certain policy. The results also revealed a new source of non-productive occupational conflict referred to as “the man close to the President”. Practical implications: Conflicts in the interior of a municipal sports organization adds extra cost. Having knowledge of the deeper causes of a conflict, managers and board members can work in advance in certain procedures to avoid the creation of such situations. This will guide the board and the management of the organization in wiser funds use, and it will help in the creation of a much better organizational environment. Originality/value: This study fills a significant gap in the existing literature. Concerns both the political influence of elected members of a municipal sports organization board as causes of conflicts and particular aspects, which provoke conflict, detected and named as the man next to the president.
{"title":"Source of Occupational Conflict at Greek Municipal Sports Organizations","authors":"I. Kosmas, Dimitris Gargalianos, Y. Georgiou","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.2.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.2.6","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of this paper is twofold. At first, to examine the role of political influence in public administration using the non-productive occupational conflicts in Municipal Sport Organizations (M.S.Os). At second, to investigate which might be the particular aspects of conflict creation.\u0000Design/methodology/approach: The study used information extracted from semi-constructed interviews. Interviewed participants were employees of different municipal sports organizations of the Region of Attica Greece. They also belong to different occupational levels.\u0000Findings: The results indicated that the employees in municipal sports organizations detect the roots of interior conflicts in the political influence, which is a practice as an indirect pressure of the elected management members of the board, to implement a certain policy. The results also revealed a new source of non-productive occupational conflict referred to as “the man close to the President”.\u0000Practical implications: Conflicts in the interior of a municipal sports organization adds extra cost. Having knowledge of the deeper causes of a conflict, managers and board members can work in advance in certain procedures to avoid the creation of such situations. This will guide the board and the management of the organization in wiser funds use, and it will help in the creation of a much better organizational environment.\u0000Originality/value: This study fills a significant gap in the existing literature. Concerns both the political influence of elected members of a municipal sports organization board as causes of conflicts and particular aspects, which provoke conflict, detected and named as the man next to the president.","PeriodicalId":36509,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75774372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1155/2022/8997709
Marija Milenkovic, Adi Hadzibegovic, Mirjana Kovac, Bojan Jovanovic, Jovana Stanisavljevic, Marina Djikic, Djuro Sijan, Nebojsa Ladjevic, Ivan Palibrk, Marija Djukanovic, Jelena Velickovic, Sanja Ratkovic, Milica Brajkovic, Viseslav Popadic, Slobodan Klasnja, Borislav Toskovic, Darko Zdravkovic, Bogdan Crnokrak, Olivera Markovic, Jelica Bjekic-Macut, Aleksandra Aleksic, Simona Petricevic, Lidija Memon, Ana Milojevic, Marija Zdravkovic
Introduction: Health care workers have had a challenging task since the COVID-19 outbreak. Prompt and effective predictors of clinical outcomes are crucial to recognize potentially critically ill patients and improve the management of COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to identify potential predictors of clinical outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients.
Methods: The study was designed as a retrospective cohort study, which included 318 patients treated from June 2020 to January 2021 in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Clinical Hospital Center "Bezanijska Kosa" in Belgrade, Serbia. The verified diagnosis of COVID-19 disease, patients over 18 years of age, and the hospitalization in ICU were the criteria for inclusion in the study. The optimal cutoff value of D-dimer, CRP, IL-6, and PCT for predicting hospital mortality was determined using the ROC curve, while the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to assess survival.
Results: The study included 318 patients: 219 (68.9%) were male and 99 (31.1%) female. The median age of patients was 69 (60-77) years. During the treatment, 195 (61.3%) patients died, thereof 130 male (66.7%) and 65 female (33.3%). 123 (38.7%) patients were discharged from hospital treatment. The cutoff value of IL-6 for in-hospital death prediction was 74.98 pg/mL (Sn 69.7%, Sp 62.7%); cutoff value of CRP was 81 mg/L (Sn 60.7%, Sp 60%); cutoff value of procalcitonin was 0.56 ng/mL (Sn 81.1%, Sp 76%); and cutoff value of D-dimer was 760 ng/mL FEU (Sn 63.4%, Sp 57.1%). IL-6 ≥ 74.98 pg/mL, CRP ≥ 81 mg/L, PCT ≥ 0.56 ng/mL, and D-dimer ≥ 760 ng/mL were statistically significant predictors of in-hospital mortality.
Conclusion: IL-6 ≥ 74.98 pg/mL, CRP values ≥ 81 mg/L, procalcitonin ≥ 0.56 ng/mL, and D-dimer ≥ 760 ng/mL could effectively predict in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients.
{"title":"D-dimer, CRP, PCT, and IL-6 Levels at Admission to ICU Can Predict In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia.","authors":"Marija Milenkovic, Adi Hadzibegovic, Mirjana Kovac, Bojan Jovanovic, Jovana Stanisavljevic, Marina Djikic, Djuro Sijan, Nebojsa Ladjevic, Ivan Palibrk, Marija Djukanovic, Jelena Velickovic, Sanja Ratkovic, Milica Brajkovic, Viseslav Popadic, Slobodan Klasnja, Borislav Toskovic, Darko Zdravkovic, Bogdan Crnokrak, Olivera Markovic, Jelica Bjekic-Macut, Aleksandra Aleksic, Simona Petricevic, Lidija Memon, Ana Milojevic, Marija Zdravkovic","doi":"10.1155/2022/8997709","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2022/8997709","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Health care workers have had a challenging task since the COVID-19 outbreak. Prompt and effective predictors of clinical outcomes are crucial to recognize potentially critically ill patients and improve the management of COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to identify potential predictors of clinical outcomes in critically ill COVID-19 patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was designed as a retrospective cohort study, which included 318 patients treated from June 2020 to January 2021 in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Clinical Hospital Center \"Bezanijska Kosa\" in Belgrade, Serbia. The verified diagnosis of COVID-19 disease, patients over 18 years of age, and the hospitalization in ICU were the criteria for inclusion in the study. The optimal cutoff value of D-dimer, CRP, IL-6, and PCT for predicting hospital mortality was determined using the ROC curve, while the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to assess survival.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 318 patients: 219 (68.9%) were male and 99 (31.1%) female. The median age of patients was 69 (60-77) years. During the treatment, 195 (61.3%) patients died, thereof 130 male (66.7%) and 65 female (33.3%). 123 (38.7%) patients were discharged from hospital treatment. The cutoff value of IL-6 for in-hospital death prediction was 74.98 pg/mL (Sn 69.7%, Sp 62.7%); cutoff value of CRP was 81 mg/L (Sn 60.7%, Sp 60%); cutoff value of procalcitonin was 0.56 ng/mL (Sn 81.1%, Sp 76%); and cutoff value of D-dimer was 760 ng/mL FEU (Sn 63.4%, Sp 57.1%). IL-6 ≥ 74.98 pg/mL, CRP ≥ 81 mg/L, PCT ≥ 0.56 ng/mL, and D-dimer ≥ 760 ng/mL were statistically significant predictors of in-hospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IL-6 ≥ 74.98 pg/mL, CRP values ≥ 81 mg/L, procalcitonin ≥ 0.56 ng/mL, and D-dimer ≥ 760 ng/mL could effectively predict in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":36509,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"8997709"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8884120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90022358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-22DOI: 10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.1.3
A. Hernández-Aceituno, Laura García Hernández, Eva Rivas Wagner, E. A. Alvarez Leon, Eneko Larumbe Zabala
Objective: This study aimed to retrospectively explore the differences between COVID-19 outbreaks, based on their association with sport/exercise practice and whether expansion among confirmed cases was observed in these settings. Method: Data from 5,327 COVID-19 outbreaks from the Epidemiological Surveillance Network of the Canary Islands were extracted between 31 January 2020 and 15 May 2021. We compared outbreaks in confirmed cases, close contacts, hospitalisations, admissions to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and deaths. Results: The median number of cases per outbreak in sport/exercise settings with transmission was significantly larger (9 [5–16]) compared with outbreaks in other settings (4 [3–7]). Similarly, age of first case (35 [25–44] vs. 42 [30–55] years) and number of close contacts (30 [10–62] vs. 10 [5–21]) presented significant differences. However, no differences were found in number of hospitalisations, admissions to ICU and deaths per outbreak. Conclusions: Sport and exercise settings may pose a significant burden for contact tracing investigators since they tend to produce larger outbreaks. Regulations did not seem to completely control transmission. To enhance cooperation, specific recommendations and tailored advice are required according to the particular sport or exercise, the environment where it is practised and the available means of the facilities. Policies should encourage alternatives for safer sport/exercise practices.
{"title":"SARS-Cov-2 Outbreaks in Sport and Exercise Settings: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"A. Hernández-Aceituno, Laura García Hernández, Eva Rivas Wagner, E. A. Alvarez Leon, Eneko Larumbe Zabala","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to retrospectively explore the differences between COVID-19 outbreaks, based on their association with sport/exercise practice and whether expansion among confirmed cases was observed in these settings.\u0000Method: Data from 5,327 COVID-19 outbreaks from the Epidemiological Surveillance Network of the Canary Islands were extracted between 31 January 2020 and 15 May 2021. We compared outbreaks in confirmed cases, close contacts, hospitalisations, admissions to Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and deaths.\u0000Results: The median number of cases per outbreak in sport/exercise settings with transmission was significantly larger (9 [5–16]) compared with outbreaks in other settings (4 [3–7]). Similarly, age of first case (35 [25–44] vs. 42 [30–55] years) and number of close contacts (30 [10–62] vs. 10 [5–21]) presented significant differences. However, no differences were found in number of hospitalisations, admissions to ICU and deaths per outbreak.\u0000Conclusions: Sport and exercise settings may pose a significant burden for contact tracing investigators since they tend to produce larger outbreaks. Regulations did not seem to completely control transmission. To enhance cooperation, specific recommendations and tailored advice are required according to the particular sport or exercise, the environment where it is practised and the available means of the facilities. Policies should encourage alternatives for safer sport/exercise practices.","PeriodicalId":36509,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine","volume":"481 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76508324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-16DOI: 10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.1.2
Santiago Sanz Quinto, O. Girard, Raúl López Grueso, G. Brizuela, M. Moya Ramón
This case study aimed to report blood markers and resting respiratory rate (RR) oscillations at sea level, during a 5-wk 3900 m altitude sojourn, and after returning to sea level in a 36-year-old professional wheelchair marathoner. Outcome measures plasma erythropoietin (EPO) concentration, hemoglobin, reticulocytes count, erythrocytes and hematocrit as well as RR were measured upon wakening 7-weeks pre-altitude, 7-days pre-altitude, 35 hours after arrival to altitude, on days 8, 15, 21, 28 and 35 at altitude, 6 and 16 days after returning to sea level. EPO increased up to 259 % (31.6 U l-1) 35 hours upon arrival at altitude and decreased below pre-altitude level (12.2 U l-1) on the 21st day of the camp (8.7 U l-1), reaching the lowest values 16 days after returning from altitude (1.9 U l-1). All blood parameters, except for reticulocytes, increased (range: +17.9 to +23.8%) after 35 days of altitude exposure. Compared to pre-altitude, RR increased during the first week of exposure to hypoxic conditions and remained elevated throughout the camp until the fifth week (5.1±0.4 vs. 9.1±1.6 and 6.6±0.8 breaths min-1; Cohen´s d = +3.4 and +2.4, respectively). A 5-wk high-altitude sojourn triggered polycythemia and elevations in RR (as indicators of effective hypoxic acclimatization) in a professional wheelchair-marathoner.
本案例研究旨在报告一名36岁的专业轮椅马拉松运动员在3900米海拔停留5周期间和返回海平面后在海平面的血液标志物和静息呼吸率(RR)振荡。结果测量血浆促红细胞生成素(EPO)浓度、血红蛋白、网织红细胞计数、红细胞和红细胞压积以及RR分别于海拔前7周、海拔前7天、到达海拔后35小时、海拔后8、15、21、28和35天、返回海平面后6和16天醒来时进行测量。EPO在到达海拔35小时上升259% (31.6 U -1)，在营地第21天下降到低于海拔前水平(12.2 U -1) (8.7 U -1)，在从海拔返回16天后达到最低值(1.9 U -1)。海拔暴露35天后，除网织红细胞外，所有血液参数均升高(范围:+ 17.9%至+23.8%)。与高原前相比，RR在缺氧条件下暴露的第一周增加，并在整个营地保持升高直到第五周(5.1±0.4 vs 9.1±1.6和6.6±0.8呼吸分钟-1;Cohen’s d分别= +3.4和+2.4)。在一个专业的轮椅马拉松运动员中，5周的高海拔居住引发了红细胞增多症和RR升高(作为有效缺氧适应的指标)。
{"title":"Hematological and Ventilatory Responses to a 3900 M Altitude Sojourn in an Elite Wheelchair-marathoner","authors":"Santiago Sanz Quinto, O. Girard, Raúl López Grueso, G. Brizuela, M. Moya Ramón","doi":"10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24018/ejsport.2022.1.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"This case study aimed to report blood markers and resting respiratory rate (RR) oscillations at sea level, during a 5-wk 3900 m altitude sojourn, and after returning to sea level in a 36-year-old professional wheelchair marathoner. Outcome measures plasma erythropoietin (EPO) concentration, hemoglobin, reticulocytes count, erythrocytes and hematocrit as well as RR were measured upon wakening 7-weeks pre-altitude, 7-days pre-altitude, 35 hours after arrival to altitude, on days 8, 15, 21, 28 and 35 at altitude, 6 and 16 days after returning to sea level. EPO increased up to 259 % (31.6 U l-1) 35 hours upon arrival at altitude and decreased below pre-altitude level (12.2 U l-1) on the 21st day of the camp (8.7 U l-1), reaching the lowest values 16 days after returning from altitude (1.9 U l-1). All blood parameters, except for reticulocytes, increased (range: +17.9 to +23.8%) after 35 days of altitude exposure. Compared to pre-altitude, RR increased during the first week of exposure to hypoxic conditions and remained elevated throughout the camp until the fifth week (5.1±0.4 vs. 9.1±1.6 and 6.6±0.8 breaths min-1; Cohen´s d = +3.4 and +2.4, respectively). A 5-wk high-altitude sojourn triggered polycythemia and elevations in RR (as indicators of effective hypoxic acclimatization) in a professional wheelchair-marathoner.","PeriodicalId":36509,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78298895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Obesity, Physical Activity and Prostate Cancer: An Overview","authors":"J. Kruk, J. Bernstein, Basil H. Aboul-Enein","doi":"10.18276/cej.2022.2-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/cej.2022.2-07","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36509,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68047094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"1,000-m Rowing Ergometer Time Trial Performance in Female and Male Collegiate Rowers","authors":"Oliwer Huzarski, W. Pluta, A. Lubkowska","doi":"10.18276/cej.2022.1-09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/cej.2022.1-09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36509,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68045821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan W Kilgallon, Joseph Cave, Emily J. Cushion, S. Joffe, J. Tallent
This study examined the test re-test, intrarater and interrater reliability of joint kinematics from the coach’s Eye smartphone application. Twenty-two males completed a 1-repetition maximum (1-rM) assessment followed by 2 identical sessions using 5 incremental loads (20, 40, 60, 80, 90% 1-rM). Peak flexion angles at the hip, knee, and ankle joints were assessed using 1 experienced practitioner and 1 inexperienced practitioner. the acceptable reliability thresholds were defined as intraclass correlation coefficient (Icc) r > 0.70 and coefficient of variation cv ≤ 10%. the test re-test reliability of peak hip and knee flexion were reliable across 20–90% 1-rM (r > 0.64; cv < 4.2%), whereas peak ankle flexion was not reliable at any loaded condition (r > 0.70; cv < 20.4%). no significant differences were detected between trials (p > 0.11). the intrarater reliability was near perfect (r > 0.90) except for peak ankle flexion (r > 0.85). the interrater reliability was nearly perfect (r > 0.91) except for hip flexion at 80% 1-rM and ankle flexion at 20% (r > 0.77). concludingly, the coach’s Eye application can produce repeatable assessments of joint kinematics using either a single examiner or 2 examiners, regardless of experience level. the coach’s Eye can accurately monitor squat depth. Participants were allowed to use their own lifting footwear.
{"title":"Reliability of the Coach’s Eye Goniometer Application during Squat Exercise","authors":"Jonathan W Kilgallon, Joseph Cave, Emily J. Cushion, S. Joffe, J. Tallent","doi":"10.18276/cej.2022.2-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/cej.2022.2-05","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the test re-test, intrarater and interrater reliability of joint kinematics from the coach’s Eye smartphone application. Twenty-two males completed a 1-repetition maximum (1-rM) assessment followed by 2 identical sessions using 5 incremental loads (20, 40, 60, 80, 90% 1-rM). Peak flexion angles at the hip, knee, and ankle joints were assessed using 1 experienced practitioner and 1 inexperienced practitioner. the acceptable reliability thresholds were defined as intraclass correlation coefficient (Icc) r > 0.70 and coefficient of variation cv ≤ 10%. the test re-test reliability of peak hip and knee flexion were reliable across 20–90% 1-rM (r > 0.64; cv < 4.2%), whereas peak ankle flexion was not reliable at any loaded condition (r > 0.70; cv < 20.4%). no significant differences were detected between trials (p > 0.11). the intrarater reliability was near perfect (r > 0.90) except for peak ankle flexion (r > 0.85). the interrater reliability was nearly perfect (r > 0.91) except for hip flexion at 80% 1-rM and ankle flexion at 20% (r > 0.77). concludingly, the coach’s Eye application can produce repeatable assessments of joint kinematics using either a single examiner or 2 examiners, regardless of experience level. the coach’s Eye can accurately monitor squat depth. Participants were allowed to use their own lifting footwear.","PeriodicalId":36509,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68046399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T he aim of the paper is to present the outline of the history of physical culture in the province of Ternopil in the years 1920–1939. The province of Ternopil was established on 23 December 1920, as one of the very first provinces on the south--Eastern borderlands of the second Polish republic. in the interwar period, physical culture flourished in the province of Ternopil. in the twenties and thirties of the 20 th century, new social and sports associations and sports clubs were being established. what is more, sports organisations gathering Polish, ukrainian and Jewish citizens that had been active before the outbreak of wwi became active again. football was the most popular sports discipline practised alongside boxing, gymnastics, cycling, athletics, archery, water sports, shooting, gliding, table tennis. a contest whose main prize was the state sports badge played an important role in propagating physical activity in society.
{"title":"The Outline of the History of Physical Culture in the Province of Ternopil in the Years 1920-1939","authors":"E. Małolepszy, Teresa Drozdek-Małolepsza","doi":"10.18276/cej.2022.1-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18276/cej.2022.1-01","url":null,"abstract":"T he aim of the paper is to present the outline of the history of physical culture in the province of Ternopil in the years 1920–1939. The province of Ternopil was established on 23 December 1920, as one of the very first provinces on the south--Eastern borderlands of the second Polish republic. in the interwar period, physical culture flourished in the province of Ternopil. in the twenties and thirties of the 20 th century, new social and sports associations and sports clubs were being established. what is more, sports organisations gathering Polish, ukrainian and Jewish citizens that had been active before the outbreak of wwi became active again. football was the most popular sports discipline practised alongside boxing, gymnastics, cycling, athletics, archery, water sports, shooting, gliding, table tennis. a contest whose main prize was the state sports badge played an important role in propagating physical activity in society.","PeriodicalId":36509,"journal":{"name":"Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine","volume":"140 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68045749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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