Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.02
David L. White
Solutions based on “equivalence interference” are proposed for various problems involving OE verbs. WG verbs with 1SG /-ͻͻmi/ were modeled on Celtic verbs with /-aami/. Pre-OE eode is from /eiͻͻde/, analogical to 1SG /eiͻͻmi/ from /eimi/. OE dyd- is from reinterpretation of peasant /dïd-/, from low-stressed /ded-/ used as a non-emphatic periphrastic, as noble /düd-/. WG /bii-/ ‘be’ was modeled on Celtic /bii-/ ‘(habitual-future) be’. Habitual-future /bi-/ (lost on the continent) re-developed in OE on the model of habitual-future /bi-/ in Brittonic. The English rule that non-indicative forms of BE are /b/-forms is from Brittonic. 3PL bi(o)đon was modeled on Brittonic /biđont/. Pre-OE /ist/ and /im/ were influenced by Brittonic /is/ and /æm/. Loss of distinct endings before 1PL and 2PL subject pronouns and loss of distinct preterit subjunctive endings were both modeled on their analogues in Brittonic.
{"title":"Possible Solutions for Long-Standing Problems Involving Old English Verbs","authors":"David L. White","doi":"10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Solutions based on “equivalence interference” are proposed for various problems involving OE verbs. WG verbs with 1SG /-ͻͻmi/ were modeled on Celtic verbs with /-aami/. Pre-OE eode is from /eiͻͻde/, analogical to 1SG /eiͻͻmi/ from /eimi/. OE dyd- is from reinterpretation of peasant /dïd-/, from low-stressed /ded-/ used as a non-emphatic periphrastic, as noble /düd-/. WG /bii-/ ‘be’ was modeled on Celtic /bii-/ ‘(habitual-future) be’. Habitual-future /bi-/ (lost on the continent) re-developed in OE on the model of habitual-future /bi-/ in Brittonic. The English rule that non-indicative forms of BE are /b/-forms is from Brittonic. 3PL bi(o)đon was modeled on Brittonic /biđont/. Pre-OE /ist/ and /im/ were influenced by Brittonic /is/ and /æm/. Loss of distinct endings before 1PL and 2PL subject pronouns and loss of distinct preterit subjunctive endings were both modeled on their analogues in Brittonic.","PeriodicalId":36615,"journal":{"name":"Anglica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48142211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.7311/0860-5734.28.1.02
P. Rutkowski
Animal metamorphosis was a traditional component of witchcraft beliefs during the European early modern witch-hunts, during which it was taken for granted that witches could and did turn into animals regularly in order to easier do evil. It must be noted, however, that the witch-turned-animal motif was much less common in England, where witches did possess the shape-shifting abilities but relatively rarely used them. A likely reason for the difference, explored in the present paper, was the specifically English belief that most witches were accompanied and served by familiar spirits, petty demons that customarily assumed the shape of animals. It seems that the ubiquity of such demonic shape-shifters effectively satisfied the demand for magical transformations in the English witchcraft lore.
{"title":"Animal Transformation in Early Modern English Witchcraft Pamphlets","authors":"P. Rutkowski","doi":"10.7311/0860-5734.28.1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.28.1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Animal metamorphosis was a traditional component of witchcraft beliefs during the European early modern witch-hunts, during which it was taken for granted that witches could and did turn into animals regularly in order to easier do evil. It must be noted, however, that the witch-turned-animal motif was much less common in England, where witches did possess the shape-shifting abilities but relatively rarely used them. A likely reason for the difference, explored in the present paper, was the specifically English belief that most witches were accompanied and served by familiar spirits, petty demons that customarily assumed the shape of animals. It seems that the ubiquity of such demonic shape-shifters effectively satisfied the demand for magical transformations in the English witchcraft lore.","PeriodicalId":36615,"journal":{"name":"Anglica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46095750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.7311/10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.05
Paweł Kornacki
This paper studies a common Tok Pisin lexical verb and auxiliary save ‘know’; ‘habitual’, respectively, and its prominent uses in examples of social interaction described in one section of the Wantok magazine and a Papua New Guinean writer’s short narrative. The linguistic material examined here seems to point to the semantic category of ‘social relationship nouns’ (SRNs) as relevant to the contextually and culturally adequate understanding of the examined examples of Tok Pisin usage.
{"title":"A Look at Tok Pisin save: A Lexical Verb and an Aspectual Marker in a Cultural Context","authors":"Paweł Kornacki","doi":"10.7311/10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7311/10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.05","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies a common Tok Pisin lexical verb and auxiliary save ‘know’; ‘habitual’, respectively, and its prominent uses in examples of social interaction described in one section of the Wantok magazine and a Papua New Guinean writer’s short narrative. The linguistic material examined here seems to point to the semantic category of ‘social relationship nouns’ (SRNs) as relevant to the contextually and culturally adequate understanding of the examined examples of Tok Pisin usage.","PeriodicalId":36615,"journal":{"name":"Anglica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44911145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.7311/0860-5734.28.1.08
Jeremy Pomeroy
One salient feature of Robert Frost’s aesthetics was his sharp diff erentiation of the visual from the audile imagination. Frost (a former schoolteacher) had noticed the diff erence between visual and audile/phonetic readers, and considered the eye reader to be a ‘bad’ reader. The article examines those features of Frost’s own poetic practice which would have led him to consider the eye reader a bad reader, as well as the sorts of prosodic content an eye reader may be prone to miss. Having examined Frost’s aesthetic objections to the eye reader, the question is then posed: does Frost ever treat the “eye reader,” or oral versus visual predilections, thematically in his artistic writings?
{"title":"Robert Frost and the “Eye Reader”","authors":"Jeremy Pomeroy","doi":"10.7311/0860-5734.28.1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.28.1.08","url":null,"abstract":"One salient feature of Robert Frost’s aesthetics was his sharp diff erentiation of the visual from the audile imagination. Frost (a former schoolteacher) had noticed the diff erence between visual and audile/phonetic readers, and considered the eye reader to be a ‘bad’\u0000reader. The article examines those features of Frost’s own poetic practice which would have led him to consider the eye reader a bad reader, as well as the sorts of prosodic content an eye reader may be prone to miss. Having examined Frost’s aesthetic objections to the eye reader, the question is then posed: does Frost ever treat the “eye reader,” or oral\u0000versus visual predilections, thematically in his artistic writings?","PeriodicalId":36615,"journal":{"name":"Anglica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41398917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.08
Chaker Mhamdi
This paper examines the characteristics of news translation during wars and conflicts. There is limited research available concerning the issues of English-Arabic news translation, especially during conflicts. Based on an analysis of 11 CNN news headlines and Al-Jazeera parallel translations during the 2003 Iraq War, this study discusses the mechanics of news translation and interpretation and the strategies and challenges involved. Particularly, the paper explores news translation in the context of global information flows across the boundaries of space, language and culture. Building on existing research on news translation, and employing critical discourse and framing analyses, the study shows how news coverage of the Iraq War was framed to serve the competing narratives of war chroniclers as active participants in the conflict.
{"title":"Translating News Texts During Wars and Conflicts: Challenges and Strategies","authors":"Chaker Mhamdi","doi":"10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.08","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the characteristics of news translation during wars and conflicts. There is limited research available concerning the issues of English-Arabic news translation, especially during conflicts. Based on an analysis of 11 CNN news headlines and Al-Jazeera parallel translations during the 2003 Iraq War, this study discusses the mechanics of news translation and interpretation and the strategies and challenges involved. Particularly, the paper explores news translation in the context of global information flows across the boundaries of space, language and culture. Building on existing research on news translation, and employing critical discourse and framing analyses, the study shows how news coverage of the Iraq War was framed to serve the competing narratives of war chroniclers as active participants in the conflict.","PeriodicalId":36615,"journal":{"name":"Anglica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41268437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.7311/0860-5734.28.1.04
M. Rutkowska
The purpose of the present paper is to analyse epistolary and descriptive conventions in Journal and Letters, from France and Great Britain (1833) by Emma Willard. The article argues that Willard attempts to combine the standards of 18th-century travelogue with its emphasis on instruction with a new type of autobiographical travel narrative which puts the persona of a traveller in the foreground. In this respect, Willard’s Journal and Travels, for all its didacticism, testifies to an increasing value attached to subjective experience, which was to become one of the distinguishing features of nineteenth-century travel writing.
{"title":"Pleasure and Instruction: Generic Conventions in Emma Hart Willard’s \u2028Journal and Letters, from France and Great Britain","authors":"M. Rutkowska","doi":"10.7311/0860-5734.28.1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.28.1.04","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the present paper is to analyse epistolary and descriptive conventions in Journal and Letters, from France and Great Britain (1833) by Emma Willard. The article argues that Willard attempts to combine the standards of 18th-century travelogue with its emphasis on instruction with a new type of autobiographical travel narrative which puts the persona of a traveller in the foreground. In this respect, Willard’s Journal and Travels, for all its didacticism, testifies to an increasing value attached to subjective experience, which was to become one of the distinguishing features of nineteenth-century travel writing.","PeriodicalId":36615,"journal":{"name":"Anglica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41271367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.07
Oleksandr (Alexander) Kapranov
The article presents a mixed-method study on how the preferred variety of the English language was framed by pre-service primary school teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The group of pre-service primary school teachers (further referred to as “participants”) was recruited at a large university in Norway and matched with the respective control group of non-teacher students enrolled in the English course at the same university. The participants and controls were asked to write a reflective essay on their preferred variety of the English language. The corpus of the participants’ and controls’ essays was analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the quantitative analysis revealed that British English was preferred by 47% of the participants, who framed it via the frames “Films/TV”, “Sounds”, “Spelling”, “Teacher”, and “Visit”. Those findings were further discussed in the article.
{"title":"The Framing of a Preferred Variety of English by Pre-Service Primary School Teachers\u2028of English as a Foreign Language","authors":"Oleksandr (Alexander) Kapranov","doi":"10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.28.2.07","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a mixed-method study on how the preferred variety of the English language was framed by pre-service primary school teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The group of pre-service primary school teachers (further referred to as “participants”) was recruited at a large university in Norway and matched with the respective control group of non-teacher students enrolled in the English course at the same university. The participants and controls were asked to write a reflective essay on their preferred variety of the English language. The corpus of the participants’ and controls’ essays was analysed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the quantitative analysis revealed that British English was preferred by 47% of the participants, who framed it via the frames “Films/TV”, “Sounds”, “Spelling”, “Teacher”, and “Visit”. Those findings were further discussed in the article.","PeriodicalId":36615,"journal":{"name":"Anglica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48085968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-17DOI: 10.7311/0860-5734.27.1.10
A. Orzechowska
The aim of this paper is to analyse Marilyn Duckworth’s Married Alive within the framework of Simone de Beauvoir’s philosophy of ambiguity, risk and reciprocal recognition. It is argued that the New Zealand writer represents human relationships both as a potential threat to one’s subjectivity, conceptualising them in terms of conflict and competition, and a necessity that may enrich both parties. What is celebrated in the novel as the key to establishing a mutually rewarding bond is the wilful acceptance of risk and reciprocal recognition of oneself and the lover as both subject and object.
{"title":"“I’ll risk you, if you’ll risk me”: The Ambiguity of Human Existence and Relationships in Marilyn Duckworth’s Married Alive","authors":"A. Orzechowska","doi":"10.7311/0860-5734.27.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.27.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to analyse Marilyn Duckworth’s Married Alive within the framework of Simone de Beauvoir’s philosophy of ambiguity, risk and reciprocal recognition. It is argued that the New Zealand writer represents human relationships both as a potential threat to one’s subjectivity, conceptualising them in terms of conflict and competition, and a necessity that may enrich both parties. What is celebrated in the novel as the key to establishing a mutually rewarding bond is the wilful acceptance of risk and reciprocal recognition of oneself and the lover as both subject and object.","PeriodicalId":36615,"journal":{"name":"Anglica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44091777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-17DOI: 10.7311/0860-5734.27.1.05
Karolina Korycka
This article discusses the feminist implications of Louisa May Alcott’s 1863 Gothic story “A Whisper in the Dark,” which not only expresses the anxieties that the author experienced in response to her upbringing and her social reality, but also provides an extensive critique of patriarchal culture. The essay explores the subversive nature of the story by presenting it as a dark double to Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre as well as by showing how the author mocks nineteenth-century sentimentality throughout.
{"title":"Rage and Rebellion in Louisa May Alcott’s “A Whisper in the Dark”","authors":"Karolina Korycka","doi":"10.7311/0860-5734.27.1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.27.1.05","url":null,"abstract":"This article discusses the feminist implications of Louisa May Alcott’s 1863 Gothic story “A Whisper in the Dark,” which not only expresses the anxieties that the author experienced in response to her upbringing and her social reality, but also provides an extensive critique of patriarchal culture. The essay explores the subversive nature of the story by presenting it as a dark double to Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre as well as by showing how the author mocks nineteenth-century sentimentality throughout.","PeriodicalId":36615,"journal":{"name":"Anglica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49577703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-17DOI: 10.7311/0860-5734.27.3.11
Ross J. Wilson
As the centenaries of the events of the Great War are commemorated in Britain, a wave of new memorials and commemorative practices have been developed. These are additions to an already well-established ‘landscape of memory,’ with memorials built in the war’s immediate aftermath across villages, towns and cities in Britain. This article examines these new sites of memory and mourning to reveal how social, moral and political identities within contemporary Britain are constructed through places that enable individuals and communities to ‘bear witness’ to the conflict.
{"title":"Witnessing the Great War in Britain: Centenaries and the Making of Modern Identities","authors":"Ross J. Wilson","doi":"10.7311/0860-5734.27.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7311/0860-5734.27.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"As the centenaries of the events of the Great War are commemorated in Britain, a wave of new memorials and commemorative practices have been developed. These are additions to an already well-established ‘landscape of memory,’ with memorials built in the war’s immediate aftermath across villages, towns and cities in Britain. This article examines these new sites of memory and mourning to reveal how social, moral and political identities within contemporary Britain are constructed through places that enable individuals and communities to ‘bear witness’ to the conflict.","PeriodicalId":36615,"journal":{"name":"Anglica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49100843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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