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Unfinished instinct: Zing-yang Kuo and the anti-instinct movement in China 未完成的本能:郭庆阳与中国的反本能运动
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-04-25 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00431
Chen Wei, Wang Yong, Guo Benyu
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引用次数: 0
The relationship between social media use and fear of missing out: A meta-analysis 社交媒体使用与对错过的恐惧之间的关系:一项荟萃分析
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00273
Yali Zhang, Sen Li, Guoliang Yu
Social media use and fear of missing out are both common phenomena in our daily life. Numerous studies have discussed the relationship between these two variables, but the results were mixed. Theoretically, there are two main arguments about the relationship between social media use and fear of missing out. To be specific, the social cognitive theory of mass communication suggested that there was a significant positive correlation between the two variables, while the digital goldilocks hypothesis argued that there may be a U-shaped relationship instead of a significant linear correlation between the two. Empirically, the effect sizes of this relationship reported in the existing literature were far from consistent, with r values ranging from 0 to 0.75. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted to explore the strength and moderators of the relationship between social media use and fear of missing out. test with fear of missing out. Other moderators such as gender, age, measurement tools of fear of missing out as well as individualism index did not moderate the relation between these two constructs. The results supported the media effect model, which suggested that social media use, especially social media use addiction may be an important risk factor for individuals’ fear of missing out. Longitudinal studies are needed in the future to explore the dynamic relationship between social media use and fear of missing out.
社交媒体的使用和对错过的恐惧都是我们日常生活中常见的现象。许多研究讨论了这两个变量之间的关系,但结果喜忧参半。从理论上讲,关于社交媒体的使用和对错过的恐惧之间的关系,有两个主要论点。具体而言,大众传播的社会认知理论认为这两个变量之间存在显著的正相关,而数字金发姑娘假说认为这两者之间可能存在U型关系,而不是显著的线性相关性。从经验上讲,现有文献中报道的这种关系的影响大小远不一致,r值在0到0.75之间。因此,进行这项荟萃分析是为了探索社交媒体使用与错过恐惧之间关系的强度和调节因素。害怕错过考试。其他调节因素,如性别、年龄、害怕错过的测量工具以及个人主义指数,并没有调节这两个结构之间的关系。研究结果支持了媒体效应模型,该模型表明,社交媒体使用,尤其是社交媒体使用成瘾,可能是个人害怕错过的重要风险因素。未来需要进行纵向研究,以探索社交媒体的使用和对错过的恐惧之间的动态关系。
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引用次数: 15
Eliminating threat or venting rage?The relationship between narcissism and aggression in violent offenders 消除威胁还是发泄愤怒?暴力犯罪者自恋与攻击性的关系
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00244
Yuping Liu, Shanshan Li, Yun He, Doudou Wang, Bo Yang
Narcissism is a component of “the dark triad” and it is closely related to maladaptive and even antisocial behaviors. Aggressive behavior is a typical anti-social behavior, and serious aggression constitutes violent crime. Narcissism is often divided into grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. Aggression also has many subtypes, such as premeditated and impulsive aggression. Previous studies have shown that narcissists are aggressive, especially when facing provocation. On the one hand, narcissists feel threatened when they are challenged. To maintain their ego and eliminate threat, narcissists may show aggressive behavior, which is explained by the theory of threatened egotism. On the other hand, when challenged, narcissists also show strong negative emotions because of their inflated but fragile ego, leading to out-of-control behaviors and even triggering them to attack others, which is the so-called “narcissistic rage.” However, most studies are in the background of Western culture, and the participants are mainly college students. Most judicial field studies use questionnaires, and experimental studies to confirm the relation of narcissism and aggression are lacking. The mechanism how they operate is also unknown. Previous studies failed to make distinctions of the subtypes of narcissism and aggression, especially the subtype of vulnerable narcissism. To overcome the disadvantages of previous studies, this study explored the relationship between narcissism and aggression with a questionnaire in experiment 1 and analyzed the manipulating function of provocation with a competitive response time in experiment 2. In study 1, we administered the Narcissism Personality Inventory-13, Hypersensitivity Narcissistic Scale, The Trait Anger Scale, Entitlement threat was still significant. For vulnerable narcissism, the influence on aggression and the mediating role of perceived threat and negative affect were all significant whether provoked or not. The following conclusions can be obtained from the two experiments: (1) The association between narcissism and aggression was still effective in violent offenders in Chinese culture; (2) “Threatened egotism” and “Narcissistic rage” could explain the relationship between narcissism and aggression. In specific, “threatened egotism” could predict premeditated aggression rather than impulsive aggression, and “narcissistic rage” could predict both subtypes of aggression; and (3) Vulnerable narcissism was non-adaptive, exerting a larger effect size on aggression and a wider applicability compared with grandiose narcissism. Researchers should pay attention to the effects of vulnerable narcissism on maladaptive behaviors, such as aggression, and distinguish the subtypes of narcissism and aggression. Furthermore, the above results could be used in the prevention of crime and the management and correction of criminals by judicial practice departments.
自恋是“黑暗三位一体”的一个组成部分,它与适应不良甚至反社会行为密切相关。攻击行为是典型的反社会行为,严重的攻击行为构成暴力犯罪。自恋通常分为浮夸型和脆弱型自恋。攻击也有很多亚型,比如有预谋的攻击和冲动的攻击。先前的研究表明,自恋者具有攻击性,尤其是在面对挑衅时。一方面,自恋者在受到挑战时会感到威胁。为了维护自我和消除威胁,自恋者可能会表现出攻击行为,这可以用威胁自我主义理论来解释。另一方面,当受到挑战时,自恋者也会因为膨胀而脆弱的自我而表现出强烈的负面情绪,导致行为失控,甚至引发攻击他人的行为,这就是所谓的“自恋狂怒”。然而,大多数研究都是在西方文化背景下进行的,参与者主要是大学生。司法领域的研究大多采用问卷调查的方式,缺乏证实自恋与攻击之间关系的实验研究。它们的作用机制也是未知的。以往的研究未能区分自恋和攻击的亚型,尤其是脆弱型自恋。为了克服以往研究的不足,本研究在实验1中采用问卷调查的方式探讨了自恋与攻击的关系,在实验2中分析了具有竞争性反应时间的挑衅的操纵功能。研究1采用自恋人格量表-13、超敏感自恋量表、特质愤怒量表,权利威胁仍然显著。对于脆弱型自恋,无论是否被激怒,感知威胁和负面情绪对攻击的影响和中介作用都是显著的。结果表明:(1)在中国文化背景下的暴力犯罪群体中,自恋与攻击之间的关联仍然有效;(2)“威胁自我主义”和“自恋愤怒”可以解释自恋与攻击的关系。具体而言,“威胁自我主义”可以预测有预谋的攻击而不是冲动性的攻击,“自恋愤怒”可以预测这两种攻击亚型;(3)与浮夸型自恋相比,脆弱型自恋具有非适应性,对攻击性的影响更大,适用性更广。研究者应关注脆弱自恋对攻击等适应不良行为的影响,并区分自恋和攻击的亚型。此外,上述结果可为司法实践部门预防犯罪、管理和矫正罪犯提供参考。
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引用次数: 7
Neural mechanism underlying the effects of object color on episodic memory 物体颜色对情景记忆影响的神经机制
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00229
Wenjie Zhou, Liqun Deng, Jinhong Ding
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引用次数: 2
Multidimensional psychology of filial piety (xiao): Differences in orientation and changes from ancient to modern times 孝的多维心理:古今取向的差异与变迁
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00306
Xiaoyu Ge
psychological control positively correlated with obeying parents and yearning for parents, whereas it correlated negatively with respecting and installing parents. A self-supporting personality positively correlated with respecting, installing, and dissuading parents. An interpersonal, self-supporting personality negatively correlated with yearning for parents. Compliance positively correlated with obeying parents and yearning for them but correlated negatively with dissuading them. These findings help to understand the internal structure of filial piety and differentiate its good side from its dark side.
心理控制与服从父母、渴望父母正相关,与尊重父母、安装父母负相关。自立型人格与尊重、安装和劝阻父母正相关。人际型、自立型人格与对父母的渴望呈负相关。顺从与服从父母、渴望父母正相关,与劝阻父母负相关。这些发现有助于理解孝道的内部结构,并区分其好的一面和不好的一面。
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引用次数: 2
“Will I be judged harshly after trying to help but causing more troubles?” A misprediction about help recipients “在试图帮助但造成更多麻烦后,我会受到严厉的评判吗?”关于受援者的错误预测
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-03-25 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00291
Xuesong Shang, Zhuo Chen, Jingyi Lu
competence. Afterwards, helpers predicted help recipients’ reactions, whereas help recipients rated their own reactions. The results showed that helpers underestimated help recipients’ ratings of warmth and competence in the failure condition and that this underestimation accounted for the overestimation of help recipients’ negative reactions. In Study 5, we recorded participants’ real-time thoughts during their prediction or rating process. We found that helpers considered their competence (warmth) earlier and more (later and less) than help recipients, indicating that helpers focused more on their competence and less on their warmth when making predictions about help recipients than help recipients did. The query order and content accounted for the overestimation of help recipients’ negative reactions in the failure condition. We show that people who try to help others but eventually cause more troubles mispredict the reactions of help recipients. Helpers overestimate the negative consequences (underestimate the positive consequences) of their behaviors to help recipients. We also reveal the underlying mechanism of this misprediction that helps recipients pay more attention to helpers’ warmth and less attention to helpers’ competence compared to helpers’ predictions about help recipients. Understanding this misprediction helps alleviate the concerns of helpers when they are intended to offer help but actually do harm to others and helps promote subsequent helping behaviors.
能力之后,帮助者预测受援者的反应,而受援者则对自己的反应进行评分。结果表明,帮助者低估了受援者在失败情况下的热情和能力评级,这种低估是高估受援者负面反应的原因。在研究5中,我们记录了参与者在预测或评级过程中的实时想法。我们发现,与受援者相比,帮助者更早、更多(更晚、更少)地考虑自己的能力(温暖),这表明帮助者在预测受援者时比受援者更关注自己的能力,而更少关注自己的温暖。查询顺序和内容解释了在失败情况下过高估计帮助接受者的负面反应。我们发现,那些试图帮助他人但最终造成更多麻烦的人会错误预测受援者的反应。帮助者高估了他们帮助接受者的行为的负面后果(低估了积极后果)。我们还揭示了这种预测失误的潜在机制,与帮助者对帮助对象的预测相比,这种预测失误有助于帮助对象更多地关注帮助者的热情,而较少关注帮助对象的能力。理解这种错误的预测有助于减轻帮助者在意图提供帮助但实际伤害他人时的担忧,并有助于促进后续的帮助行为。
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引用次数: 2
The effects of employee mindfulness on spouse family satisfaction and work engagement 员工正念对配偶家庭满意度和工作投入的影响
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-25 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00199
Dan Ni, Chen-lin Liu, Xiaoming Zheng
Based on conservation of resources (COR) theory, this paper examines how and when employee mindfulness influences spouse family satisfaction and work engagement. It proposes that employee mindfulness as an important resource is positively related to spouse family satisfaction and work engagement by strategic emotional connecting display. Meanwhile, COR theory suggests that threats to resources would urge individuals to protect rather than consume the remaining resources. Thus, this study considers spouse family negative emotional expression as a moderator in the relationship between employee mindfulness and employee strategic emotional connecting display. We collected data from front-line employees in a commercial bank in Northern China and their spouses by experience sampling methodology. At Time 1 (one week before the start of the daily surveys), we invited 129 front-line employees to offer demographic information. We also asked their spouses to provide demographic information and rate the variable at the between-person level (i.e., family negative emotional expression). During 10 workdays, we invited participants to rate the variables at the within-person level. At 9 a.m., spouses received a link to assess their work engagement. At 8:30 p.m., employees and their spouses received a link respectively. Employees rated their mindfulness and strategic emotional connecting display, and spouses were asked to rate their family satisfaction. The final valid sample consisted of 114 employees and 114 their spouses. Mplus 8.0 and the bootstrap technique were used to test our hypotheses. As hypothesized, our study found that employee mindfulness was positively and significantly related to employee strategic emotional connecting display. Employee strategic emotional connecting display was positively and significantly associated with spouse family satisfaction and work engagement in the next morning. Additionally, employee strategic emotional connecting display mediated the effects of employee mindfulness on spouse family satisfaction and spouse work engagement in the next morning. Moreover, spouse family negative emotional expression moderated the positive relationship between employee mindfulness and employee strategic emotional connecting display. That is, when spouse family negative emotional expression was higher rather than lower, the positive relationship between employee mindfulness and employee strategic emotional connecting display was weakened. The moderated mediation model
基于资源守恒理论,本文考察了员工正念如何以及何时影响配偶家庭满意度和工作投入。研究表明,员工正念作为一种重要资源,通过战略性情感连接展示与配偶家庭满意度和工作投入呈正相关。同时,COR理论表明,对资源的威胁会促使个人保护而不是消耗剩余的资源。因此,本研究认为配偶家庭负面情绪表达是员工正念与员工战略情感连接表现之间关系的调节因素。我们采用经验抽样方法,从中国北方一家商业银行的一线员工及其配偶身上收集数据。在时间1(每日调查开始前一周),我们邀请了129名一线员工提供人口统计信息。我们还要求他们的配偶提供人口统计信息,并在人与人之间对变量进行评分(即家庭负面情绪表达)。在10个工作日内,我们邀请参与者在个人层面对变量进行评分。上午9点,配偶们收到了一个评估他们工作敬业度的链接。晚上8点30分,员工和他们的配偶分别收到了一个链接。员工对他们的正念和战略性情感连接表现进行评分,并要求配偶对他们的家庭满意度进行评分。最终有效样本包括114名员工和114名他们的配偶。使用Mplus8.0和bootstrap技术来检验我们的假设。正如假设的那样,我们的研究发现,员工正念与员工的战略情感连接表现呈正相关。员工战略性情感连接表现与配偶家庭满意度和第二天早上的工作投入呈正相关。此外,员工的战略性情感连接表现介导了员工正念对配偶家庭满意度和第二天早上配偶工作投入的影响。此外,配偶家庭负面情绪表达调节了员工正念与员工战略情感连接表现之间的正向关系。也就是说,当配偶家庭负面情绪表达高于而非较低时,员工正念与员工战略情感连接表现之间的正向关系减弱。适度调解模式
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引用次数: 4
Shyness prediction and language style model construction of elementary school students 小学生害羞预测与语言风格模型构建
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-25 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00155
Fang Luo, Liming Jiang, Xuetao Tian, Mengge Xiao, Y. Ma, Sheng Zhang
The present study aimed to explore a new method of measuring shyness based on 1306 elementary school students’ online writing texts. A supervised learning method was used to map students' labels (tagged by their results of scale) with their text features (extracted from online writing texts based on a psychological dictionary) to build a machine learning model. Key feature sets for different dimensions of shyness were built and a machine learning model was constructed based on the selected feature to achieve automatic prediction. The labels were obtained through “National School Children Shyness Scale” completed online by elementary students. The scale includes three dimensions of shyness: shy behavior, shy cognition and shy emotion. Students with Z-scores of each dimension over 1 were labeled as shy and others were labeled as normal. Students’ online writing texts were collected from "TeachGrid" (https://www.jiaokee.com/), an online learning platform wherein students writing texts. The dictionary applied in the present study was Textmind, a widely used Chinese psychological dictionary developed based on Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC). The dictionary was compiled mainly based on the corpus of adults. To ensure the validity of extracted features, we modified the original dictionary by expanding the categories and vocabulary with the real writing text of elementary students. The revised dictionary contained 118 categories. based Chi-square sentence and the frequency of social words of shy individuals were less than that of normal counterparts.), and there were certain features reflected the unique characteristics of certain dimension (Perception words predicted shy behavior reflecting that high shy behavior individuals frequently felt being watched). Based on the selected features, Python 3.6.2 was used to construct the six prediction modes: Decision Tree, Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, Logistic Stitch Regression, K-Nearest Neighbor and Multilayer Perceptron. Overall, random forests have achieved the best results in the present study. The F1 score was 0.582, 0.552 and 0.545 for behavior cognition and emotion showing the feasibility of automatically predicting shyness characteristics of elementary school students based on textual language. The implication of word embedding, and deep learning models would improve the final prediction.
本研究旨在以1306篇小学生网络写作文本为研究对象,探索一种新的羞怯测量方法。使用监督学习方法将学生的标签(由他们的尺度结果标记)与他们的文本特征(基于心理词典从在线写作文本中提取)映射到一起,以构建机器学习模型。构建不同羞怯维度的关键特征集,并基于所选特征构建机器学习模型,实现自动预测。这些标签是通过小学生在线完成的“全国学童羞怯量表”获得的。该量表包括害羞的三个维度:害羞行为、害羞认知和害羞情绪。每个维度的z分数超过1的学生被标记为害羞,其他学生被标记为正常。学生的在线写作文本收集自“TeachGrid”(https://www.jiaokee.com/),这是一个学生写作的在线学习平台。本研究使用的词典是基于语言调查和字数统计(LIWC)开发的广泛使用的汉语心理词典Textmind。这部词典主要是根据成年人的语料库编纂的。为了保证提取特征的有效性,我们对原词典进行了修改,扩展了小学生真实写作文本的类别和词汇。修订后的词典有118个分类。害羞个体的基于卡方句和社交词频率低于正常个体),并且存在某些特征反映了某些维度的独特性(感知词预测害羞行为,反映了高害羞行为个体经常感到被关注)。基于选择的特征,使用Python 3.6.2构建决策树、随机森林、支持向量机、逻辑缝线回归、k近邻和多层感知机6种预测模式。总的来说,随机森林在本研究中取得了最好的结果。行为认知和情绪的F1得分分别为0.582、0.552和0.545,显示了基于文本语言自动预测小学生羞怯特征的可行性。词嵌入和深度学习模型的含义将改善最终的预测。
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引用次数: 3
Healthy context paradox in the association between bullying victimization and externalizing problems: The mediating role of hostile attribution bias 欺凌受害与外化问题关联中的健康语境悖论:敌意归因偏见的中介作用
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-25 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00170
Xiaowei Liu, Bin Pan, Liang Chen, Tengfei Li, Linqin Ji, Wenxin Zhang
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引用次数: 10
Changes in the level of conflict trigger conflict adaptation 冲突程度的变化触发了冲突适应
IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2021-02-25 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1041.2021.00128
Mengke Zhang, Qing Li, Shouhang Yin, Antao Chen
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引用次数: 2
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