Pub Date : 2023-05-17DOI: 10.2174/2666145416666230517104328
Benazir Banu K M, Shubhashree N S, P. George
To study the molecular interactions between artificial sweetener and edible acid Ultrasonics, Material Science To determine the molecular interactions between artificial sweetener and edible acids using acoustical parameters Acoustical parameters, spectroscopy and stability constant The molecular interactions and functional groups that are present is found As the concentration increases, acoustical parameters like ultrasonic velocity, viscosity, density, Relaxation time, acoustic impedance while, other acoustical parameters like adiabatic compressibility and intermolecular free length decreases with the increases with concentration. This proves that there is a strong interaction between solute and solvent. Spectroscopy Experimental Study
{"title":"Acoustic, FTIR and Raman spectroscopic studies of aspartame and citric acid","authors":"Benazir Banu K M, Shubhashree N S, P. George","doi":"10.2174/2666145416666230517104328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666145416666230517104328","url":null,"abstract":"To study the molecular interactions between artificial sweetener and edible acid Ultrasonics, Material Science To determine the molecular interactions between artificial sweetener and edible acids using acoustical parameters Acoustical parameters, spectroscopy and stability constant The molecular interactions and functional groups that are present is found As the concentration increases, acoustical parameters like ultrasonic velocity, viscosity, density, Relaxation time, acoustic impedance while, other acoustical parameters like adiabatic compressibility and intermolecular free length decreases with the increases with concentration. This proves that there is a strong interaction between solute and solvent. Spectroscopy Experimental Study","PeriodicalId":36699,"journal":{"name":"Current Materials Science","volume":"112 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79355058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-17DOI: 10.2174/2666145416666230517152942
V. N. K. Putta, Sirisha Bandi, Girija Venkateswara Koneru, Phani Raja Kanuparthy
Yb3+/Ho3+co-doped YPO4 nano phosphors were synthesized by polyol route, which has both up-conversion (UC) and down-conversion (DC) characteristics and excellent luminescent properties. DC peaks were seen at ~460, ~550, and ~650 nm. Switching at ~750 with 300 nm excitation, a very faint P-O charge-transfer (CT) band of the Ho3+ ion and a minute non-radiative resonant energy transfer were observed. We found that YPO4: Yb3+/Ho3+ is an up-converting (UC ) nano phosphor capable of large-scale generation and enhancement of luminescence with green and red emissions.RESULT: Under strong laser irradiation at 980 nm, the up-conversion emission spectrum shows obvious peaks expected for Ho3+ ions at ~550 and ~650 nm. This process produces high-quality nanocrystalline materials with sizes in the range of tens of nm. Considering the results obtained under excitation at 300nm, YPO4:Yb3+/Ho3+ yielded high quantum yield values This finding can be used to manufacture high-efficiency phosphors and demonstrates that the nano-phosphor materials covered by this method have a wide range of applications.
{"title":"Tuning green-to-red ratio of Ho3+ Activated YPO4 dual-mode luminescence through Yb3+ sensitized nano phosphors","authors":"V. N. K. Putta, Sirisha Bandi, Girija Venkateswara Koneru, Phani Raja Kanuparthy","doi":"10.2174/2666145416666230517152942","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666145416666230517152942","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Yb3+/Ho3+co-doped YPO4 nano phosphors were synthesized by polyol route, which has both up-conversion (UC) and down-conversion (DC) characteristics and excellent luminescent properties. DC peaks were seen at ~460, ~550, and ~650 nm.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Switching at ~750 with 300 nm excitation, a very faint P-O charge-transfer (CT) band of the Ho3+ ion and a minute non-radiative resonant energy transfer were observed. We found that YPO4: Yb3+/Ho3+ is an up-converting (UC ) nano phosphor capable of large-scale generation and enhancement of luminescence with green and red emissions.RESULT: Under strong laser irradiation at 980 nm, the up-conversion emission spectrum shows obvious peaks expected for Ho3+ ions at ~550 and ~650 nm. This process produces high-quality nanocrystalline materials with sizes in the range of tens of nm. Considering the results obtained under excitation at 300nm, YPO4:Yb3+/Ho3+ yielded high quantum yield values\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This finding can be used to manufacture high-efficiency phosphors and demonstrates that the nano-phosphor materials covered by this method have a wide range of applications.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36699,"journal":{"name":"Current Materials Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89737697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.2174/2666145416666230515113945
A. Jose, R. Suthan, A. Rao, P. Aurtherson, K. Ajan, D. S. Jenaris
The researchers are in the situation to satisfy the demand for engineering materials by developing novel eco-friendly materials. The natural fiber composites are the substitutes for the synthetic material. The mechanical properties of curaua fiber-reinforced polyester (CFRP) composites were investigated, as well as the effects of curaua fibre infusion with Babool Wood particles (BWP). The composite specimens were fabricated using a hand lay-up approach using varying amounts of curaua fibres (CF) and babool wood particles in a 1:1 ratio in order to test the tensile strength and flexural strength. The results demonstrated that before weakening, the tensile strength and flexural strength of the composite samples rose by up to 40% for hybrid reinforcements. Comparing samples made of pure resin to those made of the composite at 40 weight percent (CF20/BWP20), the tensile and bending strengths of the composite are improved by 93.42% and 86.4%, respectively. The tensile and flexural modulus values of the hybrid composites increased by up to 50% fiber, but less successfully (CF25 and BWP25). The fracture mechanism of the shattered composite samples was examined using scanning electron microscopy.
{"title":"Mechanical characterization of Curaua fiber/Babool wood particle reinforced polyester hybrid composite","authors":"A. Jose, R. Suthan, A. Rao, P. Aurtherson, K. Ajan, D. S. Jenaris","doi":"10.2174/2666145416666230515113945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666145416666230515113945","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The researchers are in the situation to satisfy the demand for engineering materials by developing novel eco-friendly materials. The natural fiber composites are the substitutes for the synthetic material.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The mechanical properties of curaua fiber-reinforced polyester (CFRP) composites were investigated, as well as the effects of curaua fibre infusion with Babool Wood particles (BWP).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The composite specimens were fabricated using a hand lay-up approach using varying amounts of curaua fibres (CF) and babool wood particles in a 1:1 ratio in order to test the tensile strength and flexural strength.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results demonstrated that before weakening, the tensile strength and flexural strength of the composite samples rose by up to 40% for hybrid reinforcements. Comparing samples made of pure resin to those made of the composite at 40 weight percent (CF20/BWP20), the tensile and bending strengths of the composite are improved by 93.42% and 86.4%, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The tensile and flexural modulus values of the hybrid composites increased by up to 50% fiber, but less successfully (CF25 and BWP25). The fracture mechanism of the shattered composite samples was examined using scanning electron microscopy.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36699,"journal":{"name":"Current Materials Science","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85385969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-12DOI: 10.2174/2666145416666230512115255
Zaheer Abbas, Shahzad Khan
Two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets have been widely explored for sensing toxic gases by investigating structural and electronic properties. However, the optical investigation could be an alternative approach to address the sensing capability of the nanosheets. In the present work, the electronic and optical investigation is performed using density functional theory (DFT) to find out the sensitivity of boron-nitride nanosheet (BNNS) towards NH3 and NO2 gas molecules. Electronic investigation suggests a weak binding of NH3 and NO2 with the 2D sheet, with appreciable changes in the BNNS electronic density of state (DOS) on NO2 interaction. NH3 interaction could not affect the BNNS DOS except for lowering of band dispersion graph across the Fermi level. NO2 interaction brings a noticeable change in spectra, primarily red-shift. Based on this information, tuning is also observed in different optical descriptors, i.e., dielectric constant, refractive index, and extinction coefficient of NO2 interacted BNNS. All these findings advocate sensitivity toward the gas molecule of the 2D sheet could be realized from the optical frame. Finding NH3 and NO2 affinity of Boron-Nitride Nanosheet Through Optical Spectrum: A DFT Study. The calculations are performed in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) using Troullier Martins’s norm-conserving pseudo-potential. The NO2 interacted BNNS shows the optical spectra get red-shifted, and the primary reason is the available NO2 molecular state below the fermi level as shown in PDOS analysis. The present investigation predicted an almost similar ε2 spectra pattern of BNNS and NH3-BNNS except in shallow region 7eV-10eV; a weak absorption band appeared in this region after NH3 absorption. The main concern for this deviation is the electronic transitions taken from the valance N-p-state of NH3 to the conduction band (primarily π* in nature) of BNNS.
{"title":"Theoretical investigation of NH3 and NO2 affinity towards Boron-Nitride Nanosheet: A DFT Study","authors":"Zaheer Abbas, Shahzad Khan","doi":"10.2174/2666145416666230512115255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666145416666230512115255","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets have been widely explored for sensing toxic gases by investigating structural and electronic properties. However, the optical investigation could be an alternative approach to address the sensing capability of the nanosheets. In the present work, the electronic and optical investigation is performed using density functional theory (DFT) to find out the sensitivity of boron-nitride nanosheet (BNNS) towards NH3 and NO2 gas molecules. Electronic investigation suggests a weak binding of NH3 and NO2 with the 2D sheet, with appreciable changes in the BNNS electronic density of state (DOS) on NO2 interaction. NH3 interaction could not affect the BNNS DOS except for lowering of band dispersion graph across the Fermi level. NO2 interaction brings a noticeable change in spectra, primarily red-shift. Based on this information, tuning is also observed in different optical descriptors, i.e., dielectric constant, refractive index, and extinction coefficient of NO2 interacted BNNS. All these findings advocate sensitivity toward the gas molecule of the 2D sheet could be realized from the optical frame.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Finding NH3 and NO2 affinity of Boron-Nitride Nanosheet Through Optical Spectrum: A DFT Study.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The calculations are performed in the framework of density functional theory (DFT) using Troullier Martins’s norm-conserving pseudo-potential.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The NO2 interacted BNNS shows the optical spectra get red-shifted, and the primary reason is the available NO2 molecular state below the fermi level as shown in PDOS analysis.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present investigation predicted an almost similar ε2 spectra pattern of BNNS and NH3-BNNS except in shallow region 7eV-10eV; a weak absorption band appeared in this region after NH3 absorption. The main concern for this deviation is the electronic transitions taken from the valance N-p-state of NH3 to the conduction band (primarily π* in nature) of BNNS.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36699,"journal":{"name":"Current Materials Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83549539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.2174/2666145416666230504143055
Pannirselvam N, Kalyani Gurram
Existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures can deteriorate over time due to aging, poor construction design, natural disasters, etc. In recent years, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials are becoming a preferred choice for concrete construction repair due to their durability, high strength, and corrosion resistance. This study aimed to study and analyze the properties of the constituent materials to identify any weaknesses and potential improvements. The present study investigated the effectiveness of flexural strengthening of RC beams using a hybrid grouping of glass-FRP (GFRP) and carbon-FRP (CFRP) unidirectional laminates. ANSYS finite element analysis (FE) software was used to investigate the failure modes of the beams and the stress-strain parameters. The impact of adopting two different grades of reinforcing bars in RC beam modeling was also contrasted in the study. Comparisons between the finite element analysis and experimental literature results were made. Based on the test findings, it could be concluded that retrofitted beams perform better than non-retrofitted beams. According to experimental results, the HY14 sheet enhanced beam had a 188.46% higher ultimate load than the unenhanced beams. Comparing experimental findings to the conclusions of the numerical analysis, a maximum difference of ultimate load and deflection at mid-span of 3.40% and 4.91%, respectively, were used to assess the accuracy of the results.
{"title":"Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Polymer Systems Using ANSYS","authors":"Pannirselvam N, Kalyani Gurram","doi":"10.2174/2666145416666230504143055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666145416666230504143055","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Existing reinforced concrete (RC) structures can deteriorate over time due to aging, poor construction design, natural disasters, etc. In recent years, fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite materials are becoming a preferred choice for concrete construction repair due to their durability, high strength, and corrosion resistance. This study aimed to study and analyze the properties of the constituent materials to identify any weaknesses and potential improvements.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present study investigated the effectiveness of flexural strengthening of RC beams using a hybrid grouping of glass-FRP (GFRP) and carbon-FRP (CFRP) unidirectional laminates. ANSYS finite element analysis (FE) software was used to investigate the failure modes of the beams and the stress-strain parameters. The impact of adopting two different grades of reinforcing bars in RC beam modeling was also contrasted in the study.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Comparisons between the finite element analysis and experimental literature results were made. Based on the test findings, it could be concluded that retrofitted beams perform better than non-retrofitted beams. According to experimental results, the HY14 sheet enhanced beam had a 188.46% higher ultimate load than the unenhanced beams. Comparing experimental findings to the conclusions of the numerical analysis, a maximum difference of ultimate load and deflection at mid-span of 3.40% and 4.91%, respectively, were used to assess the accuracy of the results.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36699,"journal":{"name":"Current Materials Science","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88392899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.2174/2666145416666230504155532
B. B. Nayak, S. S. Bhat, Anand Kumar Gummadi, A. Latha, R. Ganesan, Marowah H. Jehad, H. A. Almashhadani, S. Sahu
Machining hybrid composites through conventional machining technique was a challenging task as it produces excessive tool wear and exhibits poor surface roughness. In this research work, an attempt was made to electric discharge machining of AA7075/SiCP/B4CP Hybrid Composites produced through the stir casting route. The used engine oil was as the dielectric fluid with the objective of obtaining wealth from waste. The experiments were performed by varying distinct Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) process parameters with the goal of obtaining a high Material Removal Rate (MRR), low Tool Wear Rate (TWR) and least Surface Roughness (Ra). The experimental runs were optimized using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) optimization techniques. Experimental runs were designed using the L20 Taguchi orthogonal array in which Powder concentration, Current and Pulse on time were varied for three different levels, and two various dielectric fluids were used for investigation. The characteristics of the Used Engine Oil (UEO) were assessed to find its feasibility as a dielectric fluid. In comparison to EDM oil, the specimen machined in UEO dielectric medium has a somewhat greater MRR. Regardless of the kind of dielectric fluid employed, adding Al2O3 particles increases the MRR because of the bridging effect. Due to its high thermal conductivity, UEO oil produced electrodes with a TWR that was greater than that of EDM oil. The TWR decreases with the addition of Al2O3 particles due to an increase in the spark gap. In comparison to EDM oil, the specimen machined under UEO displays a lower Ra value. Ra decreases with the inclusion of Al2O3 particles due to the thorough flushing of machining waste. The specimen machined under Al2O3 mixed UEO dielectric medium, with the process parameters tuned at 3A current and 20µs Ton, offers better machining performance and was recommended for EDM sector.
{"title":"Electric Discharge Machining of AA7075/SiCP/B4CP Hybrid Composites machined with Al2O3 Mixed Used Engine Oil Dielectric fluid","authors":"B. B. Nayak, S. S. Bhat, Anand Kumar Gummadi, A. Latha, R. Ganesan, Marowah H. Jehad, H. A. Almashhadani, S. Sahu","doi":"10.2174/2666145416666230504155532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666145416666230504155532","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Machining hybrid composites through conventional machining technique was a challenging task as it produces excessive tool wear and exhibits poor surface roughness. In this research work, an attempt was made to electric discharge machining of AA7075/SiCP/B4CP Hybrid Composites produced through the stir casting route.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The used engine oil was as the dielectric fluid with the objective of obtaining wealth from waste. The experiments were performed by varying distinct Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) process parameters with the goal of obtaining a high Material Removal Rate (MRR), low Tool Wear Rate (TWR) and least Surface Roughness (Ra). The experimental runs were optimized using the Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) optimization techniques.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Experimental runs were designed using the L20 Taguchi orthogonal array in which Powder concentration, Current and Pulse on time were varied for three different levels, and two various dielectric fluids were used for investigation. The characteristics of the Used Engine Oil (UEO) were assessed to find its feasibility as a dielectric fluid.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In comparison to EDM oil, the specimen machined in UEO dielectric medium has a somewhat greater MRR. Regardless of the kind of dielectric fluid employed, adding Al2O3 particles increases the MRR because of the bridging effect. Due to its high thermal conductivity, UEO oil produced electrodes with a TWR that was greater than that of EDM oil. The TWR decreases with the addition of Al2O3 particles due to an increase in the spark gap. In comparison to EDM oil, the specimen machined under UEO displays a lower Ra value. Ra decreases with the inclusion of Al2O3 particles due to the thorough flushing of machining waste.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The specimen machined under Al2O3 mixed UEO dielectric medium, with the process parameters tuned at 3A current and 20µs Ton, offers better machining performance and was recommended for EDM sector.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36699,"journal":{"name":"Current Materials Science","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87036391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-28DOI: 10.2174/2666145416666230428155602
A. Dakhe
TiO2 nanoparticles ceramic (NPs) codoped with Bi and W ions have been synthesized by a hydrothermal technique. A portion of the prepared ceramic was post-hydrogenated. Ceramic NPs were characterized by traditional methods. Crystalline structures and optical properties were investigated using X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and diffuse reflection spectroscopy, respectively. The present work has focused on the creation of a colossal (giant) dielectric permittivity (GP) behavior with the TiO2 host NCs through the Bi/W codoping to construct electronic core/shell structures. In addition, the influence of post-hydrogenation on the created GP was also examined. It was found a high permittivity of 3.69×104 at 1 kHz, which was reduced to 3.29×104 by the hydrogenation of the sample. This is attributed to the densification of the itinerant electrons by the effect of the catalytic power of the doping W5+ ions to dissociate the adsorbed H2. The present values of GP are much higher than the permittivity of the pure TiO2 and the Bi-doped TiO2 ceramic, which was attributed to the construction of core/shell electronics structures. As a result, the doping process has been studied in detail in relation to scientific expectations.
{"title":"Hydrogenation Influences The Created Giant Dielectric Behaviors Of (Bi+W) Codoped Anatase Tio2","authors":"A. Dakhe","doi":"10.2174/2666145416666230428155602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666145416666230428155602","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000TiO2 nanoparticles ceramic (NPs) codoped with Bi and W ions have been synthesized by a hydrothermal technique. A portion of the prepared ceramic was post-hydrogenated. Ceramic NPs were characterized by traditional methods. Crystalline structures and optical properties were investigated using X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and diffuse reflection spectroscopy, respectively. The present work has focused on the creation of a colossal (giant) dielectric permittivity (GP) behavior with the TiO2 host NCs through the Bi/W codoping to construct electronic core/shell structures. In addition, the influence of post-hydrogenation on the created GP was also examined. It was found a high permittivity of 3.69×104 at 1 kHz, which was reduced to 3.29×104 by the hydrogenation of the sample. This is attributed to the densification of the itinerant electrons by the effect of the catalytic power of the doping W5+ ions to dissociate the adsorbed H2. The present values of GP are much higher than the permittivity of the pure TiO2 and the Bi-doped TiO2 ceramic, which was attributed to the construction of core/shell electronics structures. As a result, the doping process has been studied in detail in relation to scientific expectations.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36699,"journal":{"name":"Current Materials Science","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86120190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-27DOI: 10.2174/2666145416666230427093421
L. Pagnotta, C. Morano
Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) is one of the earliest, most versatile, and popular AM processes, being well-suited for a great variety of materials. As in many other manufacturing processes, porosity is a phenomenon inevitably present in parts made by PBF. The quantity, shape, and distribution of pores, and the propensity to their formation depend strongly upon the type of process and on the processing conditions used to produce the part. It is well known that porosity influences in a dramatic way the quality and reliability of the manufactured materials and, therefore, it deserves special attention. In this paper, porosity and the more appropriate experimental techniques for detecting and measuring porosity are reviewed. Moreover, a comparison among the results obtained by applying different methodologies to measure the porosity of parts produced by Powder Bed Fusion is reported. The final purpose of the work is to provide the reader with the tools for the correct choice of the most suitable method for measuring the porosity of additively manufactured pieces.
{"title":"On Powder Bed Fusion Manufactured Parts: Porosity and its Measurement","authors":"L. Pagnotta, C. Morano","doi":"10.2174/2666145416666230427093421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666145416666230427093421","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Powder Bed Fusion (PBF) is one of the earliest, most versatile, and popular AM processes, being well-suited for a great variety of materials. As in many other manufacturing processes, porosity is a phenomenon inevitably present in parts made by PBF. The quantity, shape, and distribution of pores, and the propensity to their formation depend strongly upon the type of process and on the processing conditions used to produce the part. It is well known that porosity influences in a dramatic way the quality and reliability of the manufactured materials and, therefore, it deserves special attention.\u0000In this paper, porosity and the more appropriate experimental techniques for detecting and measuring porosity are reviewed. Moreover, a comparison among the results obtained by applying different methodologies to measure the porosity of parts produced by Powder Bed Fusion is reported. The final purpose of the work is to provide the reader with the tools for the correct choice of the most suitable method for measuring the porosity of additively manufactured pieces.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36699,"journal":{"name":"Current Materials Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82349786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-20DOI: 10.2174/2666145416666230420094148
Virender Kumar, Sonia yadav, Sruthy Varghese, Reena Devi, D. Kumar, N. Khatri, G. Singh
Biomaterials, a fascinating and highly interdisciplinary field, have become integral to improving modern man's conditions and quality of life. It is done by many health-related problems arising from many sources. The first batch of biomaterials was produced as implants and medical equipment in the 1960s and 1970s. Biomaterials are primarily used in medicine and may be directly or indirectly exposed to biological systems. For instance, we could use them in cultures and mediums for cell development, plasma protein testing, biomolecular processing cultures, diagnostic gene chips, and packaging materials primarily for medical items. Biomaterials should have certain qualities for human-related problems, like being non-carcinogenic, not being pyrogenic or toxic, completely plasma compatible, and anti-inflammatory. This paper introduces the history, classification, and ideal parameters of biomaterials and where they are used in the current scenarios in the medical field, providing a brief outlook on the future.
{"title":"Biomaterials in medical applications","authors":"Virender Kumar, Sonia yadav, Sruthy Varghese, Reena Devi, D. Kumar, N. Khatri, G. Singh","doi":"10.2174/2666145416666230420094148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666145416666230420094148","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Biomaterials, a fascinating and highly interdisciplinary field, have become integral to improving modern man's conditions and quality of life. It is done by many health-related problems arising from many sources. The first batch of biomaterials was produced as implants and medical equipment in the 1960s and 1970s. Biomaterials are primarily used in medicine and may be directly or indirectly exposed to biological systems. For instance, we could use them in cultures and mediums for cell development, plasma protein testing, biomolecular processing cultures, diagnostic gene chips, and packaging materials primarily for medical items. Biomaterials should have certain qualities for human-related problems, like being non-carcinogenic, not being pyrogenic or toxic, completely plasma compatible, and anti-inflammatory. This paper introduces the history, classification, and ideal parameters of biomaterials and where they are used in the current scenarios in the medical field, providing a brief outlook on the future.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36699,"journal":{"name":"Current Materials Science","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83971963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Metal surface roughness detection is an essential step of quality control in the metal processing industry. Due to the high manual involvement and poor efficiency of traditional roughness testing, rapid automated vision detection has received increasing attention in product quality control. Many methods have focused on extracting features related to roughness from images by means of mathematical statistics. However, these methods often rely on extensive experiments and complex calculations, while being sensitive to external environmental disturbances. Metal surface roughness detection is an essential step of quality control in the metal processing industry. Due to the high manual involvement and poor efficiency of traditional roughness testing, the rapid automated vision detection has received increasing attention in product quality control. Many methods have focused on extracting features related to roughness from images by means of mathematical statistics. However, these methods often rely on extensive experiments and complex calculations, while being sensitive to external environmental disturbances. In this paper, a convolution neural network-based approach for metal surface roughness evaluation has been proposed. The convolutional neural network was initialized using a transfer learning strategy, and the data augmentation technique was applied to the benchmark dataset for sample expansion. To evaluate this approach, samples of 4 types of roughness classes were prepared. The samples were divided into a training set, validation set, and test set in the ratio of 7:2:1. The accuracy of the neural network on the test set was found to be above 86%. In this paper, we propose a convolution neural network-based approach for metal surface roughness evaluation. We applied migration learning to initialize the convolutional neural network and used data augmentation techniques for sample expansion on the benchmark dataset. The effectiveness of the proposed approach and its superiority over manual detection have been demonstrated in the experiments. No more
{"title":"A Convolution Neural Network-Based Approach for Metal Surface Roughness Evaluation","authors":"Yanhui Liu, Zengren Pan, Zhiwei Li, Qiwen Xun, Ying Wu","doi":"10.2174/2666145416666230420093435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666145416666230420093435","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Metal surface roughness detection is an essential step of quality control in the metal processing industry. Due to the high manual involvement and poor efficiency of traditional roughness testing, rapid automated vision detection has received increasing attention in product quality control. Many methods have focused on extracting features related to roughness from images by means of mathematical statistics. However, these methods often rely on extensive experiments and complex calculations, while being sensitive to external environmental disturbances.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Metal surface roughness detection is an essential step of quality control in the metal processing industry. Due to the high manual involvement and poor efficiency of traditional roughness testing, the rapid automated vision detection has received increasing attention in product quality control. Many methods have focused on extracting features related to roughness from images by means of mathematical statistics. However, these methods often rely on extensive experiments and complex calculations, while being sensitive to external environmental disturbances.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this paper, a convolution neural network-based approach for metal surface roughness evaluation has been proposed. The convolutional neural network was initialized using a transfer learning strategy, and the data augmentation technique was applied to the benchmark dataset for sample expansion.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To evaluate this approach, samples of 4 types of roughness classes were prepared. The samples were divided into a training set, validation set, and test set in the ratio of 7:2:1. The accuracy of the neural network on the test set was found to be above 86%.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this paper, we propose a convolution neural network-based approach for metal surface roughness evaluation. We applied migration learning to initialize the convolutional neural network and used data augmentation techniques for sample expansion on the benchmark dataset.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The effectiveness of the proposed approach and its superiority over manual detection have been demonstrated in the experiments.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000No more\u0000","PeriodicalId":36699,"journal":{"name":"Current Materials Science","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88950982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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