Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.2174/0126660822267387231215061934
Nutthika Chaidee, Natcharee Kraiwattanapirom, Vorasith Siripornpanich, Jirapa Chetsawang, B. Chetsawang
Cumulative evidence has demonstrated the neurotoxic effect of methamphetamine (Meth on the central nervous system. Meth can induce psychotic symptoms and impairments of cognitive abilities, including executive function (EF). Cumulative evidence has demonstrated the neurotoxic effect of methamphetamine (Meth) on the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we hypothesized the interaction of the neurotoxic effects of Meth on psychotic symptoms and EF performances. The Stroop test evaluated the EF performances, Go/No-Go task, one-back test (OBT), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in people who use Meth with psychosis (MWP) and without psychosis (MWOP) compared with healthy control participants In this study, we hypothesized that the psychotic symptoms might be vulnerable factors to disturb EF performances in Meth abusers. The results showed that MWOP and MWP exhibited EF deficits in attention, working memory, and initial conceptualization. Moreover, a deficit in inhibition was observed in MWOP, while poorer processing speed and cognitive flexibility were found in MWP. The correlation between psychotic symptoms and poor EF performances was observed in MWP. These findings underline the interaction of the mechanistic neurotoxic effect of Meth to induce psychological and neurological dysfunctions in people who use Meth.
{"title":"Manifestation of Psychosis and Impairments of Executive Functions emphasize the Interaction of Psychological and Neurological Dysfunctions in People who use Methamphetamine","authors":"Nutthika Chaidee, Natcharee Kraiwattanapirom, Vorasith Siripornpanich, Jirapa Chetsawang, B. Chetsawang","doi":"10.2174/0126660822267387231215061934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822267387231215061934","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Cumulative evidence has demonstrated the neurotoxic effect of methamphetamine\u0000(Meth on the central nervous system. Meth can induce psychotic symptoms and impairments of cognitive\u0000abilities, including executive function (EF).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Cumulative evidence has demonstrated the neurotoxic effect of methamphetamine (Meth) on the central nervous system (CNS).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study, we hypothesized the interaction of the neurotoxic effects of Meth on psychotic\u0000symptoms and EF performances. The Stroop test evaluated the EF performances, Go/No-Go task,\u0000one-back test (OBT), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in people who use Meth with psychosis\u0000(MWP) and without psychosis (MWOP) compared with healthy control participants\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study, we hypothesized that the psychotic symptoms might be vulnerable factors to disturb EF performances in Meth abusers.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results showed that MWOP and MWP exhibited EF deficits in attention, working\u0000memory, and initial conceptualization. Moreover, a deficit in inhibition was observed in MWOP,\u0000while poorer processing speed and cognitive flexibility were found in MWP.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The correlation between psychotic symptoms and poor EF performances was observed\u0000in MWP. These findings underline the interaction of the mechanistic neurotoxic effect of Meth to\u0000induce psychological and neurological dysfunctions in people who use Meth.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"24 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139444177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.2174/0126660822265651231215074803
U. Barahmand, Kefira Carvey, Naila Shamsina, Angelica Mae Ancheta, Oscar Sanchez
Autism severity has been found to be associated with social anhedonia. However, the mechanisms linking the two have not been clarified. The study was designed to examine the link between autistic traits and social anhedonia. The present study tested a serial mediation model, in which it was hypothesized that emotional intelligence and self-efficacy were serial mediators of the relationship between autistic traits and social anhedonia. Data from 245 participants (57.4% females, n = 134) ranging in age from 18 to 65 years were collected through self-report. Participants completed an online composite questionnaire consisting of The Comprehensive Autistic Trait Inventory, the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, The General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale. The relationship between autistic traits and social anhedonia was mediated by emotional intelligence and serially mediated by emotional intelligence and self-efficacy. Self-efficacy alone failed to link autistic traits to social anhedonia. The study provides evidence for the significant role of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy as mechanisms underlying the relationship between autistic traits and social anhedonia. The findings are discussed in terms of elucidating the processes through which autistic traits may confer vulnerability to compromised emotional intelligence and self-efficacy, which then serve as additional risk factors for social anhedonia.
{"title":"Exploring the Link between Autistic Traits, Emotional\u0000Intelligence, and Self-efficacy in Understanding Social Anhedonia","authors":"U. Barahmand, Kefira Carvey, Naila Shamsina, Angelica Mae Ancheta, Oscar Sanchez","doi":"10.2174/0126660822265651231215074803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822265651231215074803","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Autism severity has been found to be associated with social anhedonia. However, the mechanisms linking the two have not been clarified.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study was designed to examine the link between autistic traits and social\u0000anhedonia. The present study tested a serial mediation model, in which it was hypothesized\u0000that emotional intelligence and self-efficacy were serial mediators of the relationship between autistic traits and social anhedonia.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Data from 245 participants (57.4% females, n = 134) ranging in age from 18\u0000to 65 years were collected through self-report. Participants completed an online composite\u0000questionnaire consisting of The Comprehensive Autistic Trait Inventory, the Wong and\u0000Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, The General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Revised Social\u0000Anhedonia Scale.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The relationship between autistic traits and social anhedonia was mediated by\u0000emotional intelligence and serially mediated by emotional intelligence and self-efficacy.\u0000Self-efficacy alone failed to link autistic traits to social anhedonia.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study provides evidence for the significant role of emotional intelligence\u0000and self-efficacy as mechanisms underlying the relationship between autistic traits and\u0000social anhedonia. The findings are discussed in terms of elucidating the processes through\u0000which autistic traits may confer vulnerability to compromised emotional intelligence and\u0000self-efficacy, which then serve as additional risk factors for social anhedonia.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"19 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2023-10-17DOI: 10.2174/0126660822243332230921052022
Annika C Sweetland, Claudio Gruber Mann, Maria Jose Fernandes, Camila Matsuzaka, Fatima Virginia de Silva, Jae Lee, Christopher McCarty, Afrânio Kritski, Sandra Fortes, Maria Cavalcanti, Marcelo Feijó Mello, Maria A Oquendo, Thomas Valente, Harold Pincus, Milton L Wainberg
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and depression are highly comorbid and linked to higher rates of death and disability. Several evidence-based treatments for depression have been successfully implemented in low- and middle-income countries, but more knowledge is needed on how to bring these innovations to scale within complex 'real world' public health systems.
Objective: To explore whether the principles of social network analysis could be used to enhance receptivity to integrating depression treatment into primary care for individuals with and without TB in Brazil.
Methods: We used existing scales to identify settings and providers with high receptivity and connectivity within the primary care network. We trained and supervised existing staff in three primary care sites to deliver a brief evidence-based intervention over one year, coupled with active dissemination activities. Afterwards, we reassessed receptivity among individuals involved, and not involved, in the pilot.
Results: Highly significant changes were observed in mental health literacy, attitudes towards evidence-based practices, work self-efficacy, and implementation leadership supporting our hypothesis. Limited social connections between primary care clinics precluded the examination of the hypothesis that targeting settings with high connectivity could capitalize on the information flow between and transcend the decentralized structure of the network, but leveraging the centralized nature of the TB program to integrate mental health services emerged as a promising alternative.
Conclusions: The findings of this study strongly suggest that social networks may be leveraged to change individual providers' attitudes, thereby contributing to the enhanced dissemination of evidence-based interventions.
{"title":"Leveraging Social Networks to Integrate Depression Treatment into Primary Health and Tuberculosis Care in Brazil.","authors":"Annika C Sweetland, Claudio Gruber Mann, Maria Jose Fernandes, Camila Matsuzaka, Fatima Virginia de Silva, Jae Lee, Christopher McCarty, Afrânio Kritski, Sandra Fortes, Maria Cavalcanti, Marcelo Feijó Mello, Maria A Oquendo, Thomas Valente, Harold Pincus, Milton L Wainberg","doi":"10.2174/0126660822243332230921052022","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0126660822243332230921052022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) and depression are highly comorbid and linked to higher rates of death and disability. Several evidence-based treatments for depression have been successfully implemented in low- and middle-income countries, but more knowledge is needed on how to bring these innovations to scale within complex 'real world' public health systems.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore whether the principles of social network analysis could be used to enhance receptivity to integrating depression treatment into primary care for individuals with and without TB in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used existing scales to identify settings and providers with high receptivity and connectivity within the primary care network. We trained and supervised existing staff in three primary care sites to deliver a brief evidence-based intervention over one year, coupled with active dissemination activities. Afterwards, we reassessed receptivity among individuals involved, and not involved, in the pilot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Highly significant changes were observed in mental health literacy, attitudes towards evidence-based practices, work self-efficacy, and implementation leadership supporting our hypothesis. Limited social connections between primary care clinics precluded the examination of the hypothesis that targeting settings with high connectivity could capitalize on the information flow between and transcend the decentralized structure of the network, but leveraging the centralized nature of the TB program to integrate mental health services emerged as a promising alternative.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study strongly suggest that social networks may be leveraged to change individual providers' attitudes, thereby contributing to the enhanced dissemination of evidence-based interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"20 4","pages":"350-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11271758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/0126660822272705231121111221
Francesca Tessitore, Alessia Caffieri, Claudia Giordano, Giovanna Celia, G. Margherita
The aims of the present study are twofold. First, it aims to investigate the prevalence of secondary traumatic stress levels, emotion regulation, burnout, and compassion satisfaction in professionals working with forced migrants in Italy. Second, it aims to explore the associations between some socio-demographic and work-related characteristics and the psychological health and professional well-being status of professionals. An online survey was administered via Google Modules to the Italian associations and Third Sector entities working in the field of forced migration from May, 2021 to March, 2022. A total of 264 professionals (mean age: 39.9; 76.1% females) responded to the survey. On the background of good levels of psychological health and professional wellbeing, significant differences emerged in mental health status and professional quality of life related to professional roles, age, gender, and geographic provenience. Understanding the psychological health and professional well-being of those working with asylum seekers and refugees is crucial in providing appropriate healthcare interventions that might be able to take care of professionals’ well-being as well as of their beneficiaries themselves.
{"title":"The Psychological Health and Professional Well-being of Operators\u0000Working with Forced Migrants in Italy: A Cross-sectional\u0000Epidemiological Study","authors":"Francesca Tessitore, Alessia Caffieri, Claudia Giordano, Giovanna Celia, G. Margherita","doi":"10.2174/0126660822272705231121111221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822272705231121111221","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The aims of the present study are twofold. First, it aims to investigate\u0000the prevalence of secondary traumatic stress levels, emotion regulation, burnout, and compassion\u0000satisfaction in professionals working with forced migrants in Italy. Second, it aims\u0000to explore the associations between some socio-demographic and work-related characteristics\u0000and the psychological health and professional well-being status of professionals.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000An online survey was administered via Google Modules to the Italian associations\u0000and Third Sector entities working in the field of forced migration from May, 2021 to\u0000March, 2022. A total of 264 professionals (mean age: 39.9; 76.1% females) responded to\u0000the survey.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000On the background of good levels of psychological health and professional wellbeing,\u0000significant differences emerged in mental health status and professional quality of\u0000life related to professional roles, age, gender, and geographic provenience.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Understanding the psychological health and professional well-being of those\u0000working with asylum seekers and refugees is crucial in providing appropriate healthcare\u0000interventions that might be able to take care of professionals’ well-being as well as of their\u0000beneficiaries themselves.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"121 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.2174/0126660822252790231102102410
Ali ÇAYKÖYLÜ, Hayriye Dilek HAMURCU, Ersin Hatice KARSLIOĞLU, Pakize Evşen ATA, Neşe Burcu BAL
Background: Identifying the psychosocial effects on healthcare workers is critical in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: In this study, we aimed to examine the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers of a cancer hospital in Turkey and to determine its predictors. Methods: The psychosocial effects of the epidemic on hospital staff were evaluated by a psychiatrist through a face-to-face psychiatric interview. A semi-structured questionnaire containing socio-demographic variables and questions about social changes, and Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R) were administered to the hospital staff that agreed to participate in the study. Results: Twenty-three percent of the subjects had threshold values for the Global Severity Index in SCL-90-R. The most common symptoms were obsessions and depressive symptoms (42% and 36.5%, respectively). Being young, being a woman, being single, worsening economic situation, high education level, history of past psychiatric disorders, isolation and/or quarantine history, lack of personal protective equipment, separation from the family, fear of infecting a family member or cancer patient were determined as risk factors. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant psychosocial impact on healthcare workers, highlighting the need for appropriate strategies to understand and mitigate these effects.
{"title":"The Psychological Status of Healthcare Workers of a COVID-19- Free Cancer Hospital during COVID-19 Pandemic in Turkey - A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Ali ÇAYKÖYLÜ, Hayriye Dilek HAMURCU, Ersin Hatice KARSLIOĞLU, Pakize Evşen ATA, Neşe Burcu BAL","doi":"10.2174/0126660822252790231102102410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822252790231102102410","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Identifying the psychosocial effects on healthcare workers is critical in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: In this study, we aimed to examine the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers of a cancer hospital in Turkey and to determine its predictors. Methods: The psychosocial effects of the epidemic on hospital staff were evaluated by a psychiatrist through a face-to-face psychiatric interview. A semi-structured questionnaire containing socio-demographic variables and questions about social changes, and Symptom Checklist-90 Revised (SCL-90-R) were administered to the hospital staff that agreed to participate in the study. Results: Twenty-three percent of the subjects had threshold values for the Global Severity Index in SCL-90-R. The most common symptoms were obsessions and depressive symptoms (42% and 36.5%, respectively). Being young, being a woman, being single, worsening economic situation, high education level, history of past psychiatric disorders, isolation and/or quarantine history, lack of personal protective equipment, separation from the family, fear of infecting a family member or cancer patient were determined as risk factors. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant psychosocial impact on healthcare workers, highlighting the need for appropriate strategies to understand and mitigate these effects.","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"44 17","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135681649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.2174/0126660822257804231026054939
Doaa Ibrahim, Shaymaa Mohammed Arafa, Eman Mostafa Moazen, Fatima Gaber Yehia, Ahmed Mohamed Khalifa, Sara Sallam, Eman Ali
Background and Aim: Mental health of non-hospitalized patients and those with non-severe infections has attracted lower attention in comparison to other patients. Circulating monocytes are deeply involved in all stages of COVID-19 infection. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and depressive symptoms in patients with non-severe COVID-19 infection. Patients and Methods: The study included 312 patients with non-severe COVID-19 infection diagnosed on the basis of a positive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test of nasopharyngeal swabs. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated Arabic version of the 7-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD). According to the obtained scores, patients were classified to have mild (10-13), moderate (14- 17), or severe depression (>17). Results: The present study included 312 patients with non-severe COVID-19. According to HAMDS, clinically significant depression was diagnosed in 144 patients (46.2 %). They comprised 38 patients (12.2 %) with mild depression, 30 patients (9.6 %) with mild-tomoderate depression and 76 patients (24.4 %) with moderate-to-severe depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified male sex [OR (95% CI): 2.07 (1.27-3.36), p = 0.003], presence of dyspnea [(OR (95 % CI): 1.99 (1.21-3.27), p = 0.007], D dimer levels [OR (95% CI): 2.32 (1.19-4.52), p = 0.013], MLR [OR (95% CI): 0.52 (0.28-0.99), p = 0.046] and abnormal CT findings [OR (95% CI): 1.79 (1.08-2.95), p = 0.023] as significant predictors of depression in the studied patients. Conclusion: Low MLR is related to depressive symptoms in patients with non-severe covid-19 infection. Other predictors include male sex, dyspnea, abnormal CT findings and elevated D-dimer levels.
背景与目的:与其他患者相比，非住院患者和非严重感染患者的心理健康受到的关注较少。循环单核细胞深入参与COVID-19感染的各个阶段。本研究旨在探讨单核细胞/淋巴细胞比(MLR)与非重症COVID-19感染患者抑郁症状的关系。患者和方法:本研究纳入312例经鼻咽拭子逆转录酶聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测阳性诊断的非重症COVID-19感染患者。使用经验证的阿拉伯语版本的7项汉密尔顿抑郁评定量表(HAMD)评估抑郁症状。根据获得的评分，将患者分为轻度(10-13)、中度(14- 17)和重度抑郁(>17)。结果:本研究纳入312例非重症COVID-19患者。根据HAMDS, 144例(46.2%)患者被诊断为有临床意义的抑郁症。他们包括38例(12.2%)轻度抑郁症患者，30例(9.6%)轻度至中度抑郁症患者和76例(24.4%)中度至重度抑郁症患者。多因素logistic回归分析发现，男性[OR (95% CI): 2.07 (1.27-3.36)， p = 0.003]，呼吸困难[OR (95% CI): 1.99 (1.21-3.27)， p = 0.007]， D二聚体水平[OR (95% CI): 2.32 (1.19-4.52)， p = 0.013]， MLR [OR (95% CI): 0.52 (0.28-0.99)， p = 0.046]和异常CT表现[OR (95% CI): 1.79 (1.08-2.95)， p = 0.023]是研究患者抑郁的重要预测因素。结论:低MLR与非重症covid-19感染患者的抑郁症状有关。其他预测因素包括男性、呼吸困难、异常CT表现和d -二聚体水平升高。
{"title":"Relation Between Monocyte-to-lymphocyte Ratio and Depressive Symptoms in Patients with Non-severe Covid-19 Infection","authors":"Doaa Ibrahim, Shaymaa Mohammed Arafa, Eman Mostafa Moazen, Fatima Gaber Yehia, Ahmed Mohamed Khalifa, Sara Sallam, Eman Ali","doi":"10.2174/0126660822257804231026054939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822257804231026054939","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Mental health of non-hospitalized patients and those with non-severe infections has attracted lower attention in comparison to other patients. Circulating monocytes are deeply involved in all stages of COVID-19 infection. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) and depressive symptoms in patients with non-severe COVID-19 infection. Patients and Methods: The study included 312 patients with non-severe COVID-19 infection diagnosed on the basis of a positive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test of nasopharyngeal swabs. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the validated Arabic version of the 7-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD). According to the obtained scores, patients were classified to have mild (10-13), moderate (14- 17), or severe depression (>17). Results: The present study included 312 patients with non-severe COVID-19. According to HAMDS, clinically significant depression was diagnosed in 144 patients (46.2 %). They comprised 38 patients (12.2 %) with mild depression, 30 patients (9.6 %) with mild-tomoderate depression and 76 patients (24.4 %) with moderate-to-severe depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified male sex [OR (95% CI): 2.07 (1.27-3.36), p = 0.003], presence of dyspnea [(OR (95 % CI): 1.99 (1.21-3.27), p = 0.007], D dimer levels [OR (95% CI): 2.32 (1.19-4.52), p = 0.013], MLR [OR (95% CI): 0.52 (0.28-0.99), p = 0.046] and abnormal CT findings [OR (95% CI): 1.79 (1.08-2.95), p = 0.023] as significant predictors of depression in the studied patients. Conclusion: Low MLR is related to depressive symptoms in patients with non-severe covid-19 infection. Other predictors include male sex, dyspnea, abnormal CT findings and elevated D-dimer levels.","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"43 15","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135681269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.2174/0126660822262191231024081805
Soni Rani, Soma Mondal Ghorai, Shubham Yadav
Abstract: The bidirectional communication among the different peptide neurotransmitters and their receptors influences brain, immunity, and behavior. Among the peptide neurotransmitters, Glutamate is the primary excitatory while; gamma-aminobutyrate (γ-GABA), is the inhibitory neurotransmitter. Glutamatergic/GABAergic imbalances are seen in many neurological and autoimmune disorders. With an aim to understand more deeply the intricacies of glutamate/GABA homeostasis, we provide a critical review of glutamate, glycine and GABA peptide neurotransmitters and their role in the brain, behavior, and immunity. Another aspect of maintaining this homeostasis has its origin in the gut-brain-axis which influences mood and behavior via the bidirectional biochemical exchange network between central (CNS) and enteric nervous system (ENS). This present review also provides evidence of the cross-talk between glutamate, glycine, and GABA along the microbiotagut- brain axis, thus any variations in this axis bear the consequences of the pathological condition. Drugs like alcohol, Benzodiazepines (Barbiturates) and neurosteroids inhibit the excitatory action of glutamate leading to an overall increase of glutamate/GABA ratio that causes relaxation of nerves. However, these drugs are misused and abused among drug addicts and now their commercial production is either banned or downsized and heavily monitored. Because only a limited number of drug molecules are considered in pharmaceutics and clinics as antidepressants, it is essential to focus on alternate peptide modulator analogues which are safe, eco-friendly and can be used as drugs to relieve stress and anxiety. In this review, we present a synopsis of the studies on synthetic GABAergic agonists or GABA modulators that can be targeted for future therapeutics and clinics.
{"title":"Cross-talk between Peptide Neurotransmitters and their Role in Homeostasis of Brain, Behavior, and Immunity","authors":"Soni Rani, Soma Mondal Ghorai, Shubham Yadav","doi":"10.2174/0126660822262191231024081805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822262191231024081805","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The bidirectional communication among the different peptide neurotransmitters and their receptors influences brain, immunity, and behavior. Among the peptide neurotransmitters, Glutamate is the primary excitatory while; gamma-aminobutyrate (γ-GABA), is the inhibitory neurotransmitter. Glutamatergic/GABAergic imbalances are seen in many neurological and autoimmune disorders. With an aim to understand more deeply the intricacies of glutamate/GABA homeostasis, we provide a critical review of glutamate, glycine and GABA peptide neurotransmitters and their role in the brain, behavior, and immunity. Another aspect of maintaining this homeostasis has its origin in the gut-brain-axis which influences mood and behavior via the bidirectional biochemical exchange network between central (CNS) and enteric nervous system (ENS). This present review also provides evidence of the cross-talk between glutamate, glycine, and GABA along the microbiotagut- brain axis, thus any variations in this axis bear the consequences of the pathological condition. Drugs like alcohol, Benzodiazepines (Barbiturates) and neurosteroids inhibit the excitatory action of glutamate leading to an overall increase of glutamate/GABA ratio that causes relaxation of nerves. However, these drugs are misused and abused among drug addicts and now their commercial production is either banned or downsized and heavily monitored. Because only a limited number of drug molecules are considered in pharmaceutics and clinics as antidepressants, it is essential to focus on alternate peptide modulator analogues which are safe, eco-friendly and can be used as drugs to relieve stress and anxiety. In this review, we present a synopsis of the studies on synthetic GABAergic agonists or GABA modulators that can be targeted for future therapeutics and clinics.","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135684929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.2174/0126660822258340231025171755
Sara Ataei, Leila Jahangard, Sina Anaraki, Dara Dastan, Salman Khazaei
Introduction: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by exaggerated anxiety without any apparent cause of concern. The primary treatment of this disorder is usually SSRIs, which have many digestive side effects and do not provide complete treatment for the patient. The use of non-pharmacological methods may help reduce these complications. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of ginger as an adjunctive therapy along with SSRIs to reduce anxiety in patients with GAD. Materials and Methods: In this double-blind, controlled clinical trial study, a total of 80 patients with GAD were randomly assigned into two groups. For the intervention group, at the same time as SSRI drug, two 500-mg ginger capsules were used daily while in the control group, two starch capsules were used daily as a placebo along with SSRI. Data collection tools were Hamilton's anxiety questionnaire and a gastrointestinal symptom severity scale. Data were collected before the intervention and after the 12-week intervention. Results: There was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of average anxiety and severity of digestive symptoms before the intervention (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference between the groups after the intervention (P<0.05). Also, the average scores of anxiety and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in the intervention group increased significantly from the beginning of the intervention to the follow-up (intragroup difference) (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the use of ginger along with SSRIs reduced anxiety and released the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with GAD. In addition, in this study, it was found that ginger, along with SSRIs, can have beneficial effects on indigestion, diarrhea, and nausea in patients with GAD. However, these findings require more extensive research.
{"title":"Investigating the Effect of Ginger as an Adjunctive Treatment along with SSRIs to Reduce Anxiety in Patients with GAD: A Clinical Trial Study","authors":"Sara Ataei, Leila Jahangard, Sina Anaraki, Dara Dastan, Salman Khazaei","doi":"10.2174/0126660822258340231025171755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822258340231025171755","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is characterized by exaggerated anxiety without any apparent cause of concern. The primary treatment of this disorder is usually SSRIs, which have many digestive side effects and do not provide complete treatment for the patient. The use of non-pharmacological methods may help reduce these complications. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of ginger as an adjunctive therapy along with SSRIs to reduce anxiety in patients with GAD. Materials and Methods: In this double-blind, controlled clinical trial study, a total of 80 patients with GAD were randomly assigned into two groups. For the intervention group, at the same time as SSRI drug, two 500-mg ginger capsules were used daily while in the control group, two starch capsules were used daily as a placebo along with SSRI. Data collection tools were Hamilton's anxiety questionnaire and a gastrointestinal symptom severity scale. Data were collected before the intervention and after the 12-week intervention. Results: There was no significant difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of average anxiety and severity of digestive symptoms before the intervention (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference between the groups after the intervention (P<0.05). Also, the average scores of anxiety and severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in the intervention group increased significantly from the beginning of the intervention to the follow-up (intragroup difference) (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that the use of ginger along with SSRIs reduced anxiety and released the severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with GAD. In addition, in this study, it was found that ginger, along with SSRIs, can have beneficial effects on indigestion, diarrhea, and nausea in patients with GAD. However, these findings require more extensive research.","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"6 23","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135974640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.2174/266608221903230317164828
{"title":"Acknowledgement to Reviewers","authors":"","doi":"10.2174/266608221903230317164828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/266608221903230317164828","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"429 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136102922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.2174/266608221903230317162234
Marc Fakhoury
{"title":"Meet the Editorial Board Member","authors":"Marc Fakhoury","doi":"10.2174/266608221903230317162234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/266608221903230317162234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":"430 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136102921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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