Pub Date : 2024-01-23DOI: 10.2174/0126660822283482231205111717
Mohammad Akhoondi, E. Sadeghian, Erfan Aubi, F. Shamsaei
Individuals with mental disorders are subject to stigma from society. Some patients accept and internalize this stigma, while others suffer from loneliness and reduced quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between internalized stigma, feelings of loneliness, and quality of life in patients with mental disorders. In 2023, a descriptive study was conducted on 250 patients with psychological disorders who were referred to Sina Hospital (Farshchian) in Hamadan. The patients were selected using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using four questionnaires: demographic information, the internalized stigma of mental illness, Russell's loneliness scale, and the World Health Organization's 26-item quality of life questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tests in SPSS-22 software. There was a significant positive correlation between internal stigma and loneliness (p < 0.001, r = 0.817) and a significant negative correlation between internal stigma and quality of life (p < 0.001, r = -0.777). Additionally, loneliness and quality of life had a significant negative correlation (p < 0.001, r = -0.838). The results generally indicate that approximately half of the patients with internalized stigma experience moderate to severe distress. As internalized stigma increases, patients are more likely to experience feelings of loneliness and decrease their quality of life. Therefore, it is recommended that measures be taken to reduce internalized stigma in patients with psychiatric disorders to alleviate feelings of loneliness and improve their quality of life.
{"title":"The Association Between Internalized Stigma and Feelings of\u0000Loneliness and Quality of Life in Patients with Mental Disorders","authors":"Mohammad Akhoondi, E. Sadeghian, Erfan Aubi, F. Shamsaei","doi":"10.2174/0126660822283482231205111717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822283482231205111717","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Individuals with mental disorders are subject to stigma from society.\u0000Some patients accept and internalize this stigma, while others suffer from loneliness\u0000and reduced quality of life.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to investigate the relationship between internalized stigma,\u0000feelings of loneliness, and quality of life in patients with mental disorders.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In 2023, a descriptive study was conducted on 250 patients with psychological\u0000disorders who were referred to Sina Hospital (Farshchian) in Hamadan. The patients were\u0000selected using a convenience sampling method. Data were collected through face-to-face\u0000interviews using four questionnaires: demographic information, the internalized stigma of\u0000mental illness, Russell's loneliness scale, and the World Health Organization's 26-item\u0000quality of life questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical\u0000tests in SPSS-22 software.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000There was a significant positive correlation between internal stigma and loneliness\u0000(p < 0.001, r = 0.817) and a significant negative correlation between internal stigma\u0000and quality of life (p < 0.001, r = -0.777). Additionally, loneliness and quality of life had a\u0000significant negative correlation (p < 0.001, r = -0.838).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results generally indicate that approximately half of the patients with\u0000internalized stigma experience moderate to severe distress. As internalized stigma increases,\u0000patients are more likely to experience feelings of loneliness and decrease their quality\u0000of life. Therefore, it is recommended that measures be taken to reduce internalized stigma\u0000in patients with psychiatric disorders to alleviate feelings of loneliness and improve their\u0000quality of life.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140498949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Global mental health has been put at risk by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, both directly and indirectly through disruptive social shifts and neuropsychiatric repercussions of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite a little rise in selfreported mental health issues, there has not been an increase in the population's rates of mental disorders, self-harm, or suicide that could be measured objectively. Demographic factors, such as sex, age, and profession, have emerged as key determinants, with women, younger individuals, and frontline workers facing elevated risks. In this review, we have addressed the key considerations that have impacted the mental well-being of the populace during COVID-19. A comprehensive literature search on the SCOPUS and PubMed databases was used to find the current research studies on the COVID-19 outbreak relevant to mental health. According to preliminary research, self-reported stress (8%) and symptoms of worry and depression (16–28%) have been prevalent psychological responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and they may have been linked to sleep disruption. This risk has been reported to be moderated by several individual and systemic factors. Acute and postacute neuropsychiatric consequences of COVID-19 have also been identified, with a significant prevalence of fatigue, cognitive decline, and anxiety and depression symptoms, even months after infection. Coping with challenges, such as social distancing, economic instability, and altered routines, has posed significant mental health concerns. Access to mental health resources and robust social support systems has, however, played pivotal roles in addressing these challenges. The review has underscored the urgent need for comprehensive mental health interventions, addressing social determinants, ensuring equitable access to healthcare, and recognizing the enduring effects of the pandemic.
{"title":"Factors Affecting Psychological Health in the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Sherien Santosha, Vatsalya Tiwari, Sharad Chand, Manoj Dikkatwar, Supriya Roy, Radhika Bindu","doi":"10.2174/0126660822276875231222012305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822276875231222012305","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Global mental health has been put at risk by the coronavirus disease 2019\u0000(COVID-19) pandemic, both directly and indirectly through disruptive social shifts and\u0000neuropsychiatric repercussions of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite a little rise in selfreported\u0000mental health issues, there has not been an increase in the population's rates of\u0000mental disorders, self-harm, or suicide that could be measured objectively. Demographic\u0000factors, such as sex, age, and profession, have emerged as key determinants, with women,\u0000younger individuals, and frontline workers facing elevated risks. In this review, we have\u0000addressed the key considerations that have impacted the mental well-being of the populace\u0000during COVID-19. A comprehensive literature search on the SCOPUS and PubMed databases\u0000was used to find the current research studies on the COVID-19 outbreak relevant to\u0000mental health. According to preliminary research, self-reported stress (8%) and symptoms\u0000of worry and depression (16–28%) have been prevalent psychological responses to the\u0000COVID-19 pandemic and they may have been linked to sleep disruption. This risk has\u0000been reported to be moderated by several individual and systemic factors. Acute and postacute\u0000neuropsychiatric consequences of COVID-19 have also been identified, with a significant\u0000prevalence of fatigue, cognitive decline, and anxiety and depression symptoms,\u0000even months after infection. Coping with challenges, such as social distancing, economic\u0000instability, and altered routines, has posed significant mental health concerns. Access to\u0000mental health resources and robust social support systems has, however, played pivotal\u0000roles in addressing these challenges. The review has underscored the urgent need for comprehensive\u0000mental health interventions, addressing social determinants, ensuring equitable\u0000access to healthcare, and recognizing the enduring effects of the pandemic.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139603729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the primary phases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia, memory impairments and cognitive abnormalities are common. Because of the rising prevalence of dementia among the elderly, it is critical to promote healthy habits that can delay the onset of cognitive decline. Cognitive training (CT) and cognitive rehabilitation (CR) are particular treatments aimed to resolve memory and further areas of cognitive working in order to overcome these challenges. These are some of the different kinds of non-pharmacological treatments like reality orientation and skills training programs that can be used to deal with the cognitive and non-cognitive repercussions. The purpose of this review is to assess the efficacy and influence of cognitive training and cognitive rehabilitation in patients who are in their early phases of Alzheimer's disease or vascular dementia. These interventions are geared toward improving the patients' memory, in addition to other aspects of their cognitive functioning.
{"title":"Cognitive Rehabilitation For Early-Stage Dementia: A Review","authors":"Sanchit Dhankhar, Prerna Sharma, Samrat Chauhan, Monika Saini, Nitika Garg, Randhir Singh, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Satish Kumar Sharma, Nidhi Rani","doi":"10.2174/0126660822275618231129073551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822275618231129073551","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000In the primary phases of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia,\u0000memory impairments and cognitive abnormalities are common. Because of the rising\u0000prevalence of dementia among the elderly, it is critical to promote healthy habits that\u0000can delay the onset of cognitive decline. Cognitive training (CT) and cognitive rehabilitation\u0000(CR) are particular treatments aimed to resolve memory and further areas of cognitive\u0000working in order to overcome these challenges. These are some of the different\u0000kinds of non-pharmacological treatments like reality orientation and skills training programs\u0000that can be used to deal with the cognitive and non-cognitive repercussions. The\u0000purpose of this review is to assess the efficacy and influence of cognitive training and\u0000cognitive rehabilitation in patients who are in their early phases of Alzheimer's disease or\u0000vascular dementia. These interventions are geared toward improving the patients'\u0000memory, in addition to other aspects of their cognitive functioning.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139603716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many individuals undergo drug addiction treatment relapse after treatment. Additionally, a few studies have focused on the unique challenges faced by women in addiction recovery. Therefore, we aimed to identify predictors of relapse among women who have undergone drug addiction treatment to develop a more effective intervention program tailored to their needs. The present cross-sectional study evaluated 320 addicted women from Lorestan province, Iran, in 2020 who had used illegal substances. Convenience sampling was used to select participants from outpatient addiction treatment centers, triangular clinics, and rehabilitation centers. Demographic characteristics, drug use patterns, and risk factors for addiction were recorded. Predictors of relapse were evaluated using a negative binomial regression model. The study included women with a mean age of 34.78±9.31 years who had a history of drug addiction relapse. Around 43.44% of the women were married and 36.88% lived with their husbands. Methamphetamine, opium, and heroin were the commonly used drugs. The study found that women with primary school education had a higher rate of relapse (IRR: 1.71, p = 0.01) and women with husbands being substance users (IRR: 1.34, p = 0.014), history of imprisonment (IRR: 1.51, p = 0.002), smoking (IRR: 1.91, p < 0.001), and alcohol consumption (IRR: 1.49, p = 0.005) were also associated with a higher rate of relapse. In conclusion, this study found that women with primary school education, husbands being substance users, history of imprisonment, smoking, and alcohol consumption behavior had a higher rate of relapse. By addressing the identified predictors of relapse, such programs can improve the success rate of addiction treatment and promote long-term recovery among women. In addition, this study highlights that addiction relapse is not necessarily caused by a single factor, and several different personal and environmental factors can influence this issue.
{"title":"Predictors of Relapse in Women after Substance Use Treatment:\u0000A Cross-sectional Study in the West of Iran","authors":"Faezeh Ghasemi, S. Bashirian, Fatemeh Mohammadi Fakher, Majid Barati, Salman Khazaei","doi":"10.2174/0126660822276540231128081454","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822276540231128081454","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Many individuals undergo drug addiction treatment relapse after\u0000treatment. Additionally, a few studies have focused on the unique challenges faced by\u0000women in addiction recovery. Therefore, we aimed to identify predictors of relapse among\u0000women who have undergone drug addiction treatment to develop a more effective intervention program tailored to their needs.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present cross-sectional study evaluated 320 addicted women from Lorestan\u0000province, Iran, in 2020 who had used illegal substances. Convenience sampling was used\u0000to select participants from outpatient addiction treatment centers, triangular clinics, and\u0000rehabilitation centers. Demographic characteristics, drug use patterns, and risk factors for\u0000addiction were recorded. Predictors of relapse were evaluated using a negative binomial\u0000regression model.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study included women with a mean age of 34.78±9.31 years who had a\u0000history of drug addiction relapse. Around 43.44% of the women were married and 36.88%\u0000lived with their husbands. Methamphetamine, opium, and heroin were the commonly used\u0000drugs. The study found that women with primary school education had a higher rate of\u0000relapse (IRR: 1.71, p = 0.01) and women with husbands being substance users (IRR: 1.34,\u0000p = 0.014), history of imprisonment (IRR: 1.51, p = 0.002), smoking (IRR: 1.91, p <\u00000.001), and alcohol consumption (IRR: 1.49, p = 0.005) were also associated with a higher\u0000rate of relapse.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In conclusion, this study found that women with primary school education,\u0000husbands being substance users, history of imprisonment, smoking, and alcohol consumption behavior had a higher rate of relapse. By addressing the identified predictors of relapse, such programs can improve the success rate of addiction treatment and promote\u0000long-term recovery among women. In addition, this study highlights that addiction relapse\u0000is not necessarily caused by a single factor, and several different personal and environmental factors can influence this issue.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139615370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-12DOI: 10.2174/0126660822258502231120074036
Payal Ghosh, Debjeet Sur
Psychedelics are currently being examined once more as potential remedies for untreatable biological illnesses after decades of research problems. They are frequently regarded to be physically safe and do not frequently lead to dependency or addiction. The use of psychedelic substances in the treatment of mental illness and the adoption of the Substance Act of 1970 has classified psychedelic drugs as Schedule I. The major objective of this review is to highlight the prospective use of specific psychedelic medicines, such as psilocybin, LSD, MDMA, and ayahuasca, in the treatment of various psychiatric conditions, such as treatment-resistant depression, post-traumatic traumatic stress, end-of-life anxiety, and substance misuse disorders. As documented from both animal and human studies, in addition, there will be a study of the effectiveness and safety. The body of research suggests that psychedelics may one day offer revolutionary treatments for mental diseases, contrary to conventional therapy. However, given their distinctive histories and a high potential for abuse with widespread distribution, more care and effort must be given to protect their use as efficient medical treatments instead of drugs of abuse.
{"title":"Pharmacotherapy of Psychological Disorders Using Psychedelic\u0000Drugs: A Treatise for Psychiatrists","authors":"Payal Ghosh, Debjeet Sur","doi":"10.2174/0126660822258502231120074036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822258502231120074036","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Psychedelics are currently being examined once more as potential remedies\u0000for untreatable biological illnesses after decades of research problems. They are frequently\u0000regarded to be physically safe and do not frequently lead to dependency or addiction.\u0000The use of psychedelic substances in the treatment of mental illness and the adoption of\u0000the Substance Act of 1970 has classified psychedelic drugs as Schedule I. The major\u0000objective of this review is to highlight the prospective use of specific psychedelic medicines,\u0000such as psilocybin, LSD, MDMA, and ayahuasca, in the treatment of various psychiatric\u0000conditions, such as treatment-resistant depression, post-traumatic traumatic\u0000stress, end-of-life anxiety, and substance misuse disorders. As documented from both\u0000animal and human studies, in addition, there will be a study of the effectiveness and safety.\u0000The body of research suggests that psychedelics may one day offer revolutionary\u0000treatments for mental diseases, contrary to conventional therapy. However, given their\u0000distinctive histories and a high potential for abuse with widespread distribution, more\u0000care and effort must be given to protect their use as efficient medical treatments instead\u0000of drugs of abuse.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139532433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-11DOI: 10.2174/0126660822262216231120062102
Saeid Yazdi-Ravandi, N. Matinnia, A. Haddadi, Mojtaba Tayebi, M. Mamani, A. Ghaleiha
The medical staff who fought on the front line against the COVID- 19 pandemic were more affected by its physical and psychological dangers than others. This study aimed to investigate the level of depression, stress, anxiety, and job burnout of the medical staff in the COVID-19 wards of Hamedan Hospitals. In this cross-sectional study, the study population consisted of all medical staff working in educational and treatment centers affiliated with Hamedan University of Medical Sciences in 2019, of which 173 were medical staff in COVID-19 wards, and 173 were medical staff included by systematic random sampling from other wards. Data were collected using a demographic information checklist, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, perceived stress scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory. The data were analyzed with chi-square coefficient tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with SPSS-22 software. About 26.9% of medical staff in COVID-19 wards had high job burnout, significantly different from those in non-COVID-19 wards (p < 0.05). The incidence of depression was 67.5% among the medical staff in COVID-19 wards, including twenty-nine people (18.5%) with mild depression, forty-two (26.7%) with moderate depression, and thirtyfive (22.3%) with severe depression. Thirty people (19.1%) had mild anxiety, forty-three (27.4%) had moderate anxiety, and three (3.3%) had severe anxiety. In addition, the prevalence of perceived stress was 94.3%. A statistically significant difference was observed between depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and job burnout in the medical staff of COVID-19 wards and other wards (p < 0.05). Stress, anxiety, depression, and job burnout among staff working in COVID- 19 wards differ significantly from other hospital wards employees. In similar circumstances to this pandemic, paying extra attention to medical staff is essential due to their role and the effect of their health on society’s health.
{"title":"Assessing Depression, Anxiety, Perceived Stress, and Job Burnout\u0000in Hospital Medical Staff During COVID-19: A Cross-sectional\u0000Study in Hamedan, Iran, 2019","authors":"Saeid Yazdi-Ravandi, N. Matinnia, A. Haddadi, Mojtaba Tayebi, M. Mamani, A. Ghaleiha","doi":"10.2174/0126660822262216231120062102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822262216231120062102","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The medical staff who fought on the front line against the COVID-\u000019 pandemic were more affected by its physical and psychological dangers than others.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to investigate the level of depression, stress, anxiety, and job\u0000burnout of the medical staff in the COVID-19 wards of Hamedan Hospitals.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this cross-sectional study, the study population consisted of all medical staff\u0000working in educational and treatment centers affiliated with Hamedan University of Medical\u0000Sciences in 2019, of which 173 were medical staff in COVID-19 wards, and 173 were\u0000medical staff included by systematic random sampling from other wards. Data were collected\u0000using a demographic information checklist, Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety\u0000Inventory, perceived stress scale, and Maslach Burnout Inventory. The data were analyzed\u0000with chi-square coefficient tests and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with\u0000SPSS-22 software.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000About 26.9% of medical staff in COVID-19 wards had high job burnout, significantly\u0000different from those in non-COVID-19 wards (p < 0.05). The incidence of depression\u0000was 67.5% among the medical staff in COVID-19 wards, including twenty-nine people\u0000(18.5%) with mild depression, forty-two (26.7%) with moderate depression, and thirtyfive\u0000(22.3%) with severe depression. Thirty people (19.1%) had mild anxiety, forty-three\u0000(27.4%) had moderate anxiety, and three (3.3%) had severe anxiety. In addition, the prevalence\u0000of perceived stress was 94.3%. A statistically significant difference was observed\u0000between depression, anxiety, perceived stress, and job burnout in the medical staff of\u0000COVID-19 wards and other wards (p < 0.05).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Stress, anxiety, depression, and job burnout among staff working in COVID-\u000019 wards differ significantly from other hospital wards employees. In similar circumstances\u0000to this pandemic, paying extra attention to medical staff is essential due to their role and\u0000the effect of their health on society’s health.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139533427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-09DOI: 10.2174/0126660822267387231215061934
Nutthika Chaidee, Natcharee Kraiwattanapirom, Vorasith Siripornpanich, Jirapa Chetsawang, B. Chetsawang
Cumulative evidence has demonstrated the neurotoxic effect of methamphetamine (Meth on the central nervous system. Meth can induce psychotic symptoms and impairments of cognitive abilities, including executive function (EF). Cumulative evidence has demonstrated the neurotoxic effect of methamphetamine (Meth) on the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we hypothesized the interaction of the neurotoxic effects of Meth on psychotic symptoms and EF performances. The Stroop test evaluated the EF performances, Go/No-Go task, one-back test (OBT), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in people who use Meth with psychosis (MWP) and without psychosis (MWOP) compared with healthy control participants In this study, we hypothesized that the psychotic symptoms might be vulnerable factors to disturb EF performances in Meth abusers. The results showed that MWOP and MWP exhibited EF deficits in attention, working memory, and initial conceptualization. Moreover, a deficit in inhibition was observed in MWOP, while poorer processing speed and cognitive flexibility were found in MWP. The correlation between psychotic symptoms and poor EF performances was observed in MWP. These findings underline the interaction of the mechanistic neurotoxic effect of Meth to induce psychological and neurological dysfunctions in people who use Meth.
{"title":"Manifestation of Psychosis and Impairments of Executive Functions emphasize the Interaction of Psychological and Neurological Dysfunctions in People who use Methamphetamine","authors":"Nutthika Chaidee, Natcharee Kraiwattanapirom, Vorasith Siripornpanich, Jirapa Chetsawang, B. Chetsawang","doi":"10.2174/0126660822267387231215061934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822267387231215061934","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Cumulative evidence has demonstrated the neurotoxic effect of methamphetamine\u0000(Meth on the central nervous system. Meth can induce psychotic symptoms and impairments of cognitive\u0000abilities, including executive function (EF).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Cumulative evidence has demonstrated the neurotoxic effect of methamphetamine (Meth) on the central nervous system (CNS).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study, we hypothesized the interaction of the neurotoxic effects of Meth on psychotic\u0000symptoms and EF performances. The Stroop test evaluated the EF performances, Go/No-Go task,\u0000one-back test (OBT), and Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) in people who use Meth with psychosis\u0000(MWP) and without psychosis (MWOP) compared with healthy control participants\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study, we hypothesized that the psychotic symptoms might be vulnerable factors to disturb EF performances in Meth abusers.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The results showed that MWOP and MWP exhibited EF deficits in attention, working\u0000memory, and initial conceptualization. Moreover, a deficit in inhibition was observed in MWOP,\u0000while poorer processing speed and cognitive flexibility were found in MWP.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The correlation between psychotic symptoms and poor EF performances was observed\u0000in MWP. These findings underline the interaction of the mechanistic neurotoxic effect of Meth to\u0000induce psychological and neurological dysfunctions in people who use Meth.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139444177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.2174/0126660822265651231215074803
U. Barahmand, Kefira Carvey, Naila Shamsina, Angelica Mae Ancheta, Oscar Sanchez
Autism severity has been found to be associated with social anhedonia. However, the mechanisms linking the two have not been clarified. The study was designed to examine the link between autistic traits and social anhedonia. The present study tested a serial mediation model, in which it was hypothesized that emotional intelligence and self-efficacy were serial mediators of the relationship between autistic traits and social anhedonia. Data from 245 participants (57.4% females, n = 134) ranging in age from 18 to 65 years were collected through self-report. Participants completed an online composite questionnaire consisting of The Comprehensive Autistic Trait Inventory, the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, The General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Revised Social Anhedonia Scale. The relationship between autistic traits and social anhedonia was mediated by emotional intelligence and serially mediated by emotional intelligence and self-efficacy. Self-efficacy alone failed to link autistic traits to social anhedonia. The study provides evidence for the significant role of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy as mechanisms underlying the relationship between autistic traits and social anhedonia. The findings are discussed in terms of elucidating the processes through which autistic traits may confer vulnerability to compromised emotional intelligence and self-efficacy, which then serve as additional risk factors for social anhedonia.
{"title":"Exploring the Link between Autistic Traits, Emotional\u0000Intelligence, and Self-efficacy in Understanding Social Anhedonia","authors":"U. Barahmand, Kefira Carvey, Naila Shamsina, Angelica Mae Ancheta, Oscar Sanchez","doi":"10.2174/0126660822265651231215074803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822265651231215074803","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Autism severity has been found to be associated with social anhedonia. However, the mechanisms linking the two have not been clarified.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study was designed to examine the link between autistic traits and social\u0000anhedonia. The present study tested a serial mediation model, in which it was hypothesized\u0000that emotional intelligence and self-efficacy were serial mediators of the relationship between autistic traits and social anhedonia.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Data from 245 participants (57.4% females, n = 134) ranging in age from 18\u0000to 65 years were collected through self-report. Participants completed an online composite\u0000questionnaire consisting of The Comprehensive Autistic Trait Inventory, the Wong and\u0000Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, The General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Revised Social\u0000Anhedonia Scale.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The relationship between autistic traits and social anhedonia was mediated by\u0000emotional intelligence and serially mediated by emotional intelligence and self-efficacy.\u0000Self-efficacy alone failed to link autistic traits to social anhedonia.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study provides evidence for the significant role of emotional intelligence\u0000and self-efficacy as mechanisms underlying the relationship between autistic traits and\u0000social anhedonia. The findings are discussed in terms of elucidating the processes through\u0000which autistic traits may confer vulnerability to compromised emotional intelligence and\u0000self-efficacy, which then serve as additional risk factors for social anhedonia.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01Epub Date: 2023-10-17DOI: 10.2174/0126660822243332230921052022
Annika C Sweetland, Claudio Gruber Mann, Maria Jose Fernandes, Camila Matsuzaka, Fatima Virginia de Silva, Jae Lee, Christopher McCarty, Afrânio Kritski, Sandra Fortes, Maria Cavalcanti, Marcelo Feijó Mello, Maria A Oquendo, Thomas Valente, Harold Pincus, Milton L Wainberg
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) and depression are highly comorbid and linked to higher rates of death and disability. Several evidence-based treatments for depression have been successfully implemented in low- and middle-income countries, but more knowledge is needed on how to bring these innovations to scale within complex 'real world' public health systems.
Objective: To explore whether the principles of social network analysis could be used to enhance receptivity to integrating depression treatment into primary care for individuals with and without TB in Brazil.
Methods: We used existing scales to identify settings and providers with high receptivity and connectivity within the primary care network. We trained and supervised existing staff in three primary care sites to deliver a brief evidence-based intervention over one year, coupled with active dissemination activities. Afterwards, we reassessed receptivity among individuals involved, and not involved, in the pilot.
Results: Highly significant changes were observed in mental health literacy, attitudes towards evidence-based practices, work self-efficacy, and implementation leadership supporting our hypothesis. Limited social connections between primary care clinics precluded the examination of the hypothesis that targeting settings with high connectivity could capitalize on the information flow between and transcend the decentralized structure of the network, but leveraging the centralized nature of the TB program to integrate mental health services emerged as a promising alternative.
Conclusions: The findings of this study strongly suggest that social networks may be leveraged to change individual providers' attitudes, thereby contributing to the enhanced dissemination of evidence-based interventions.
{"title":"Leveraging Social Networks to Integrate Depression Treatment into Primary Health and Tuberculosis Care in Brazil.","authors":"Annika C Sweetland, Claudio Gruber Mann, Maria Jose Fernandes, Camila Matsuzaka, Fatima Virginia de Silva, Jae Lee, Christopher McCarty, Afrânio Kritski, Sandra Fortes, Maria Cavalcanti, Marcelo Feijó Mello, Maria A Oquendo, Thomas Valente, Harold Pincus, Milton L Wainberg","doi":"10.2174/0126660822243332230921052022","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0126660822243332230921052022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tuberculosis (TB) and depression are highly comorbid and linked to higher rates of death and disability. Several evidence-based treatments for depression have been successfully implemented in low- and middle-income countries, but more knowledge is needed on how to bring these innovations to scale within complex 'real world' public health systems.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore whether the principles of social network analysis could be used to enhance receptivity to integrating depression treatment into primary care for individuals with and without TB in Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used existing scales to identify settings and providers with high receptivity and connectivity within the primary care network. We trained and supervised existing staff in three primary care sites to deliver a brief evidence-based intervention over one year, coupled with active dissemination activities. Afterwards, we reassessed receptivity among individuals involved, and not involved, in the pilot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Highly significant changes were observed in mental health literacy, attitudes towards evidence-based practices, work self-efficacy, and implementation leadership supporting our hypothesis. Limited social connections between primary care clinics precluded the examination of the hypothesis that targeting settings with high connectivity could capitalize on the information flow between and transcend the decentralized structure of the network, but leveraging the centralized nature of the TB program to integrate mental health services emerged as a promising alternative.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study strongly suggest that social networks may be leveraged to change individual providers' attitudes, thereby contributing to the enhanced dissemination of evidence-based interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11271758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141761474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/0126660822272705231121111221
Francesca Tessitore, Alessia Caffieri, Claudia Giordano, Giovanna Celia, G. Margherita
The aims of the present study are twofold. First, it aims to investigate the prevalence of secondary traumatic stress levels, emotion regulation, burnout, and compassion satisfaction in professionals working with forced migrants in Italy. Second, it aims to explore the associations between some socio-demographic and work-related characteristics and the psychological health and professional well-being status of professionals. An online survey was administered via Google Modules to the Italian associations and Third Sector entities working in the field of forced migration from May, 2021 to March, 2022. A total of 264 professionals (mean age: 39.9; 76.1% females) responded to the survey. On the background of good levels of psychological health and professional wellbeing, significant differences emerged in mental health status and professional quality of life related to professional roles, age, gender, and geographic provenience. Understanding the psychological health and professional well-being of those working with asylum seekers and refugees is crucial in providing appropriate healthcare interventions that might be able to take care of professionals’ well-being as well as of their beneficiaries themselves.
{"title":"The Psychological Health and Professional Well-being of Operators\u0000Working with Forced Migrants in Italy: A Cross-sectional\u0000Epidemiological Study","authors":"Francesca Tessitore, Alessia Caffieri, Claudia Giordano, Giovanna Celia, G. Margherita","doi":"10.2174/0126660822272705231121111221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0126660822272705231121111221","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The aims of the present study are twofold. First, it aims to investigate\u0000the prevalence of secondary traumatic stress levels, emotion regulation, burnout, and compassion\u0000satisfaction in professionals working with forced migrants in Italy. Second, it aims\u0000to explore the associations between some socio-demographic and work-related characteristics\u0000and the psychological health and professional well-being status of professionals.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000An online survey was administered via Google Modules to the Italian associations\u0000and Third Sector entities working in the field of forced migration from May, 2021 to\u0000March, 2022. A total of 264 professionals (mean age: 39.9; 76.1% females) responded to\u0000the survey.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000On the background of good levels of psychological health and professional wellbeing,\u0000significant differences emerged in mental health status and professional quality of\u0000life related to professional roles, age, gender, and geographic provenience.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Understanding the psychological health and professional well-being of those\u0000working with asylum seekers and refugees is crucial in providing appropriate healthcare\u0000interventions that might be able to take care of professionals’ well-being as well as of their\u0000beneficiaries themselves.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139395946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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