Pub Date : 2023-02-24DOI: 10.2174/2666082219666230224141323
Louis Cojandaraj, Pearl Pinto, Sivaprakasam Chinnarasu, M. Sadasivam
Clozapine is the most effective drug for the treatment of refractory schizophrenia, showing a good response in the treatment of patients with resistant schizophrenia, especially in reducing violent, aggressive, and suicidal tendencies. However, treatment with clozapine has been associated with hyperlipidemia especially high triglycerides, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. An elevated level of lipids has a direct impact on the improvement of symptoms in schizophrenics treated with clozapine. Although the mechanism is not clear, there is a possibility of serum lipids play a major part in enhancing clozapine's therapeutic activity. The effect of clozapine on phospholipids might indicate that this rise is related to its therapeutic benefit as well. Moreover, increased fatty acids accompanied by a sharp rise in triglycerides, point towards the possible involvement of lipases, which are involved in the storage and release of fatty acids and triglycerides in the adipose tissue. An increase in hepatic lipid synthesis can be another cause of hyperlipidemia and lead to weight gain over a certain period. Lipogenesis and myelin synthesis can also become targets in schizophrenia since myelination and synaptogenesis are essential in the central nervous system. Hence, the upregulation of several genes involved in cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis focused, which are proven to be controlled by Sterol regulating element-binding protein transcription factors (SREBP). The antipsychotic drug Clozapine activates this SREBP system. This activation increases lipogenesis which can be one of the mechanisms of action, which in turn could explain the metabolic side effects produced by clozapine.
{"title":"Conceivable Mechanisms of Clozapine Propagated Dyslipidemia- A Short Review","authors":"Louis Cojandaraj, Pearl Pinto, Sivaprakasam Chinnarasu, M. Sadasivam","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230224141323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230224141323","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Clozapine is the most effective drug for the treatment of refractory schizophrenia, showing a good response in the treatment of patients with resistant schizophrenia, especially in reducing violent, aggressive, and suicidal tendencies. However, treatment with clozapine has been associated with hyperlipidemia especially high triglycerides, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. An elevated level of lipids has a direct impact on the improvement of symptoms in schizophrenics treated with clozapine. Although the mechanism is not clear, there is a possibility of serum lipids play a major part in enhancing clozapine's therapeutic activity. The effect of clozapine on phospholipids might indicate that this rise is related to its therapeutic benefit as well. Moreover, increased fatty acids accompanied by a sharp rise in triglycerides, point towards the possible involvement of lipases, which are involved in the storage and release of fatty acids and triglycerides in the adipose tissue. An increase in hepatic lipid synthesis can be another cause of hyperlipidemia and lead to weight gain over a certain period. Lipogenesis and myelin synthesis can also become targets in schizophrenia since myelination and synaptogenesis are essential in the central nervous system. Hence, the upregulation of several genes involved in cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis focused, which are proven to be controlled by Sterol regulating element-binding protein transcription factors (SREBP). The antipsychotic drug Clozapine activates this SREBP system. This activation increases lipogenesis which can be one of the mechanisms of action, which in turn could explain the metabolic side effects produced by clozapine.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47798690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-20DOI: 10.2174/2666082219666230120104856
Georgios Kafas, K. Umla-Runge
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)is a psychiatric condition that affects approximately 2% of the population worldwide. It can present many challenges and can therefore be difficult to treat successfully by mental health professionals. The aim of this systematic review was to detect whether repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS] is an effective intervention for the management of BPD to the point where there would be a reduction of the BPD symptoms and challenging behaviour. A literature search was conducted systematically using the following databases: PROSPERO, PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, WEB OF SCIENCE, COCHRANE LIBRARY, SCOPUS, EMBASE and CLINICALTRIALS.GOV. Included studies were primary research studies of adult patients with a diagnosis of BPD who received rTMS treatment. Nine studies were identified which ranged from a case report to a randomised controlled trial (RCT). While rTMS improved certain symptoms of BPD patients, such as affective instability, impulsivity and outbursts of anger; overall, some results lacked statistical significance and, due to the lack of robust evidence, it is uncertain if rTMS is an effective intervention for BPD. rTMS treatment showed some promising results in reducing the severity of symptoms for a number of patients. Studies varied with regard to the location of the target stimulation site, including different prefrontal brain regions and the cerebellum, as well as other rTMS protocol characteristics. These methodological differences in the application of the intervention and their impact on BPD symptomatology need to be explored more systematically in future research. Higher quality studies with larger sample sizes are needed in order to assess further the effectiveness of rTMS interventions on BPD symptoms.
边缘型人格障碍（BPD）是一种影响全球约2%人口的精神疾病。它可能带来许多挑战，因此很难由心理健康专业人员成功治疗。本系统综述的目的是检测重复性经颅磁刺激（rTMS）是一种有效的BPD治疗干预措施，可以减少BPD症状和挑战性行为。文献检索系统地使用以下数据库进行：PROSPERO、PUBMED、GOOGLE SCHOLAR、WEB of SCIENCE、COCHRANE LIBRARY、SCOPUS、EMBASE和CLINICALTRIALS.GOV接受rTMS治疗的诊断为BPD的患者。确定了9项研究，从病例报告到随机对照试验（RCT）。rTMS改善了BPD患者的某些症状，如情感不稳定、冲动和愤怒的爆发；总体而言，一些结果缺乏统计学意义，并且由于缺乏有力的证据，不确定rTMS是否是BPD的有效干预措施。rTMS治疗在降低许多患者症状严重程度方面显示出一些有希望的结果。关于目标刺激部位的位置，包括不同的前额叶脑区域和小脑，以及其他rTMS协议特征，研究各不相同。这些干预措施应用的方法差异及其对BPD症状学的影响需要在未来的研究中进行更系统的探索。需要更大样本量的高质量研究，以进一步评估rTMS干预对BPD症状的有效性。
{"title":"A Narrative Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in the Treatment and Management of Borderline Personality Disorder","authors":"Georgios Kafas, K. Umla-Runge","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230120104856","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230120104856","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)is a psychiatric condition that affects approximately 2% of the population worldwide. It can present many challenges and can therefore be difficult to treat successfully by mental health professionals.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The aim of this systematic review was to detect whether repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS] is an effective intervention for the management of BPD to the point where there would be a reduction of the BPD symptoms and challenging behaviour.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A literature search was conducted systematically using the following databases: PROSPERO, PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, WEB OF SCIENCE, COCHRANE LIBRARY, SCOPUS, EMBASE and CLINICALTRIALS.GOV. Included studies were primary research studies of adult patients with a diagnosis of BPD who received rTMS treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Nine studies were identified which ranged from a case report to a randomised controlled trial (RCT). While rTMS improved certain symptoms of BPD patients, such as affective instability, impulsivity and outbursts of anger; overall, some results lacked statistical significance and, due to the lack of robust evidence, it is uncertain if rTMS is an effective intervention for BPD.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000rTMS treatment showed some promising results in reducing the severity of symptoms for a number of patients. Studies varied with regard to the location of the target stimulation site, including different prefrontal brain regions and the cerebellum, as well as other rTMS protocol characteristics. These methodological differences in the application of the intervention and their impact on BPD symptomatology need to be explored more systematically in future research. Higher quality studies with larger sample sizes are needed in order to assess further the effectiveness of rTMS interventions on BPD symptoms.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48813843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-18DOI: 10.2174/2666082219666230118142926
Masoomeh Dadkhah, S. Shafia, Sahand Talei, Soheila Molaei, Vahid Asghariazar
A large body of literature indicates that the novel coronavirus disease (COVI D-19) was, and still is, a stressful and traumatic experience for different groups of people. Exposure to unexpected deaths or fear of death increases the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) anxiety disorder. Understanding the relationship between PTSD and SARS-CoV-2 infection can help reduce the risk of developing psychiatric diseases, especially anxiety disorders. Here, we used the central mega databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer, and Science Direct. We explored the articles based on keywords and related articles. Social isolation stress during quarantine and hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis via increased cortisol synthesis and release seems to be key findings in current literature. Evidence shows that induced neuroendocrine changes in patients with COVID-19 can cause psychiatric diseases related to fear and anxiety. Studies suspect that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expressed in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland can be targeted by the infection and thereby could be a player in inducing psychiatric disorders. Here, we discuss the relationship between Covid-19 and post-traumatic stress disorder from psycho-neuroendocrine-immune aspects and highlight the pro-inflammatory cytokines as mediators in the CNS-related processes, hoping to provide insights into the pathophysiology of PTSD.
{"title":"Psycho-neuroendocrine-immune aspects of COVID-19 and its relationship with post-traumatic stress disorder","authors":"Masoomeh Dadkhah, S. Shafia, Sahand Talei, Soheila Molaei, Vahid Asghariazar","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230118142926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230118142926","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000A large body of literature indicates that the novel coronavirus disease (COVI D-19) was, and still is, a stressful and traumatic experience for different groups of people. Exposure to unexpected deaths or fear of death increases the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) anxiety disorder. Understanding the relationship between PTSD and SARS-CoV-2 infection can help reduce the risk of developing psychiatric diseases, especially anxiety disorders. Here, we used the central mega databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Springer, and Science Direct. We explored the articles based on keywords and related articles. Social isolation stress during quarantine and hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis via increased cortisol synthesis and release seems to be key findings in current literature. Evidence shows that induced neuroendocrine changes in patients with COVID-19 can cause psychiatric diseases related to fear and anxiety. Studies suspect that angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expressed in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland can be targeted by the infection and thereby could be a player in inducing psychiatric disorders. Here, we discuss the relationship between Covid-19 and post-traumatic stress disorder from psycho-neuroendocrine-immune aspects and highlight the pro-inflammatory cytokines as mediators in the CNS-related processes, hoping to provide insights into the pathophysiology of PTSD.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42557878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-16DOI: 10.2174/2666082219666230116100934
Jes Sebastian Völker, I. Micluția, Adela Hanga
Historically, formal thought disorder (FTD) has been considered one of the distinctive key symptoms of schizophrenia and is still regarded as an important early warning sign and a marker of illness severity with solid predictive value. Recent studies found that the presence of FTD is predictive of the subsequent diagnosis of schizophrenia and often precedes the frank clinical picture by several months. Much effort has been put into developing scales that can reliably detect FTD and can be readily applied in routine clinical practice. This narrative review investigated the use of FTD as a screening tool to assess risk in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia. The results show that the use of these scales in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic individuals during clinical contact and counseling is still an exception, despite their uniquely heightened vulnerability profile. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the application of FTD screening methods in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic individuals has been reviewed in a structured way.
{"title":"Current State of Application of Formal Thought Disorder Screening Methods in First-Degree Relatives of Patients With Schizophrenia: \u0000A Narrative Review","authors":"Jes Sebastian Völker, I. Micluția, Adela Hanga","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230116100934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230116100934","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, formal thought disorder (FTD) has been considered one of the distinctive key symptoms of schizophrenia and is still regarded as an important early warning sign and a marker of illness severity with solid predictive value. Recent studies found that the presence of FTD is predictive of the subsequent diagnosis of schizophrenia and often precedes the frank clinical picture by several months. Much effort has been put into developing scales that can reliably detect FTD and can be readily applied in routine clinical practice. This narrative review investigated the use of FTD as a screening tool to assess risk in first-degree relatives of patients with schizophrenia. The results show that the use of these scales in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic individuals during clinical contact and counseling is still an exception, despite their uniquely heightened vulnerability profile. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the application of FTD screening methods in first-degree relatives of schizophrenic individuals has been reviewed in a structured way.","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48652314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-11DOI: 10.2174/2666082219666230111145821
Janthima Methaneethorn
Atypical antipsychotic quetiapine (QTP) exhibits high pharmacokinetic variability and population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) analysis is one of the approaches used to characterize factors influencing QTP pharmacokinetic variability. Though QTP is not regarded as a narrow therapeutic index drug, knowledge of this area is of importance. Thus, this review was conducted to summarize significant predictors for QTP pharmacokinetic variability identified using a PopPK analysis and to explore any knowledge gaps to be investigated. PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL Complete databases were searched for eligible studies, and 75 articles were identified. Of these, only five studies were included as they were conducted using a nonlinear mixed-effects approach. This review found that only limited predictors for QTP pharmacokinetics were identified, with body weight being a predictor for the volume of distribution and age and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase being predictors for QTP clearance. None of the studies included elderly patients aged >65 years, and thus factors associated with aging were not investigated. Also, most of the participants in the PopPK analyses were from clinical trials which might not reflect real-world patients e.g., the impacts of polypharmacy may not be available. Moreover, while a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model explaining QTP exposure and clinical response using the scores of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale is available, knowledge relevant to the relationship between exposure and QTP side effects has not been explored. Based on this limited information, future PopPK research encompassing a wide range of patient characteristics is required.
{"title":"Factors Influencing Quetiapine Pharmacokinetic Variability: a Review of Population Pharmacokinetics","authors":"Janthima Methaneethorn","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230111145821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230111145821","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Atypical antipsychotic quetiapine (QTP) exhibits high pharmacokinetic variability and population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) analysis is one of the approaches used to characterize factors influencing QTP pharmacokinetic variability. Though QTP is not regarded as a narrow therapeutic index drug, knowledge of this area is of importance. Thus, this review was conducted to summarize significant predictors for QTP pharmacokinetic variability identified using a PopPK analysis and to explore any knowledge gaps to be investigated. PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL Complete databases were searched for eligible studies, and 75 articles were identified. Of these, only five studies were included as they were conducted using a nonlinear mixed-effects approach. This review found that only limited predictors for QTP pharmacokinetics were identified, with body weight being a predictor for the volume of distribution and age and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase being predictors for QTP clearance. None of the studies included elderly patients aged >65 years, and thus factors associated with aging were not investigated. Also, most of the participants in the PopPK analyses were from clinical trials which might not reflect real-world patients e.g., the impacts of polypharmacy may not be available. Moreover, while a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model explaining QTP exposure and clinical response using the scores of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale is available, knowledge relevant to the relationship between exposure and QTP side effects has not been explored. Based on this limited information, future PopPK research encompassing a wide range of patient characteristics is required.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49485652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.2174/2666082219666230106143424
Ajit Kumar Thakur, Nikhila Shekhar, Sakshi Tyagi
Background: Autism, a neurodevelopment disorder that was regarded as insignificant in the past is thereby now recognized as a major problem with an increasing prevalence over the past 50 years affecting 1 out of every 160 children worldwide. Recent accumulating evidence indicates that autism is a consequence of the fusion of environmental, genetic, and epigenetic components. Due to the lack of effective pharmacotherapy, alternative approaches are being explored for their beneficial effect on autistic symptoms. Methods: A literature review was performed identifying previously published clinical studies that were set up as an alternative therapy for alleviating the symptoms of autism. The data were collected from PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Results: A total of 13 kinds of interventions including video modelling, play therapy, music therapy, yoga, social skills training, sensory integration (SIT), scalp acupuncture, medical clowning, animal-assisted activity, theatre-based intervention, Tai Chu Chuan training, novel mattress technology, and magnetic resonance imaging were found to be affecting the symptoms associated with autism. Conclusion: From sufficient clinical evidence, it was estimated that alternative approaches such as music therapy and play therapy have the most beneficial effect in mitigating the symptoms to an extent.
{"title":"Alternative Approaches For The Management Of Autism: A Narrative Review","authors":"Ajit Kumar Thakur, Nikhila Shekhar, Sakshi Tyagi","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230106143424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230106143424","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Autism, a neurodevelopment disorder that was regarded as insignificant in the past is thereby now recognized as a major problem with an increasing prevalence over the past 50 years affecting 1 out of every 160 children worldwide. Recent accumulating evidence indicates that autism is a consequence of the fusion of environmental, genetic, and epigenetic components. Due to the lack of effective pharmacotherapy, alternative approaches are being explored for their beneficial effect on autistic symptoms. Methods: A literature review was performed identifying previously published clinical studies that were set up as an alternative therapy for alleviating the symptoms of autism. The data were collected from PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Results: A total of 13 kinds of interventions including video modelling, play therapy, music therapy, yoga, social skills training, sensory integration (SIT), scalp acupuncture, medical clowning, animal-assisted activity, theatre-based intervention, Tai Chu Chuan training, novel mattress technology, and magnetic resonance imaging were found to be affecting the symptoms associated with autism. Conclusion: From sufficient clinical evidence, it was estimated that alternative approaches such as music therapy and play therapy have the most beneficial effect in mitigating the symptoms to an extent.","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135276447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-06DOI: 10.2174/2666082219666230106123926
Xianliang Zheng, Zhihua Xie, Lijuan Huang, Y. Xie, Linlu Peng
The development of mobile Internet technology has brought great changes and convenience in our daily life. However, it has also arisen a series of mental health problems, especially problematic mobile phone use (PMPU). This study aimed to explore the relationship between social exclusion and PMPU among Chinese college students, as well as the mediating role of basic psychological needs satisfaction (BPNS). We recruited a total of 340 participants (mean age 19.71, 44.7% males) from a university in China by convenience sampling. All of them completed the self-report tests of the Social Exclusion Scale, BPNS Scale and Mobile Phone Addiction Index Scale. Data analysis was performed in SPSS 23.0, using the PROCESS macro to examine the mediating effect. Social exclusion was significantly positively correlated with PMPU (r = 0.22, p < 0.001), and significantly negatively correlated with BPNS (r = –0.66, p < 0.001), and BPNS was significantly negatively correlated with PMPU (r = –0.24, p < 0.001). BPNS played a mediating role in the relationship between social exclusion and PMPU. In addition, autonomy needs and competence needs mediated the link of such a relationship, whereas the mediating role of relatedness needs was not significant. Results showed that social exclusion was closely related to PMPU, and social exclusion affected PMPU through BPNS. These findings underline the important role of social relationship and BPNS on adolescents’ PMPU.
{"title":"Social Exclusion and Problematic Mobile Phone Use among Chinese College Students: Mediating Role of Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction","authors":"Xianliang Zheng, Zhihua Xie, Lijuan Huang, Y. Xie, Linlu Peng","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230106123926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230106123926","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The development of mobile Internet technology has brought great changes and convenience in our daily life. However, it has also arisen a series of mental health problems, especially problematic mobile phone use (PMPU).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aimed to explore the relationship between social exclusion and PMPU among Chinese college students, as well as the mediating role of basic psychological needs satisfaction (BPNS).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We recruited a total of 340 participants (mean age 19.71, 44.7% males) from a university in China by convenience sampling. All of them completed the self-report tests of the Social Exclusion Scale, BPNS Scale and Mobile Phone Addiction Index Scale. Data analysis was performed in SPSS 23.0, using the PROCESS macro to examine the mediating effect.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Social exclusion was significantly positively correlated with PMPU (r = 0.22, p < 0.001), and significantly negatively correlated with BPNS (r = –0.66, p < 0.001), and BPNS was significantly negatively correlated with PMPU (r = –0.24, p < 0.001). BPNS played a mediating role in the relationship between social exclusion and PMPU. In addition, autonomy needs and competence needs mediated the link of such a relationship, whereas the mediating role of relatedness needs was not significant.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Results showed that social exclusion was closely related to PMPU, and social exclusion affected PMPU through BPNS. These findings underline the important role of social relationship and BPNS on adolescents’ PMPU.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49305255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-03DOI: 10.2174/2666082219666230103113402
Ayelet Armon-Omer, U. Yatzkar, Eti Amir, S. Tamir
Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in children. Increasing evidence suggests an association between omega-3 fatty acid and ADHD. We aimed to investigate the effects of 6-month omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the fatty-acid profile of erythrocytes and on the clinical severity of ADHD symptoms in children. Recruitment included 32 children aged 6-14 years diagnosed with ADHD at the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department at Ziv Medical Center, Israel. Intervention included refrigerated omega-3 fatty acid supplementation normalized to body weight. Blood samples were taken at baseline, 3 and 6 months after intervention for quantification of fatty acids from erythrocyte membranes. ADHD symptoms were assessed by parents and teachers according to the ADHD Rating-Scale and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. ADHD severity was additionally assessed by a psychiatrist according to the Clinical Global Impressions Scale. Supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid in children with ADHD raised their omega-3 index statistically significantly from an average of 4.4% omega-3 index at baseline to 11.6% after 6 months and had beneficial effects on ADHD symptoms, as measured by validated questionnaires and in accordance with a pediatric psychiatrist examination. Our pilot study showed that dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid increased the blood omega-3 index levels and improved ADHD symptoms even at the midpoint of 3 months.
{"title":"Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder symptoms in children","authors":"Ayelet Armon-Omer, U. Yatzkar, Eti Amir, S. Tamir","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666230103113402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666230103113402","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common neuropsychiatric disorders in children. Increasing evidence suggests an association between omega-3 fatty acid and ADHD. We aimed to investigate the effects of 6-month omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on the fatty-acid profile of erythrocytes and on the clinical severity of ADHD symptoms in children.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Recruitment included 32 children aged 6-14 years diagnosed with ADHD at the Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department at Ziv Medical Center, Israel. Intervention included refrigerated omega-3 fatty acid supplementation normalized to body weight. Blood samples were taken at baseline, 3 and 6 months after intervention for quantification of fatty acids from erythrocyte membranes. ADHD symptoms were assessed by parents and teachers according to the ADHD Rating-Scale and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. ADHD severity was additionally assessed by a psychiatrist according to the Clinical Global Impressions Scale.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid in children with ADHD raised their omega-3 index statistically significantly from an average of 4.4% omega-3 index at baseline to 11.6% after 6 months and had beneficial effects on ADHD symptoms, as measured by validated questionnaires and in accordance with a pediatric psychiatrist examination.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Our pilot study showed that dietary supplementation of omega-3 fatty acid increased the blood omega-3 index levels and improved ADHD symptoms even at the midpoint of 3 months.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45306878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-28DOI: 10.2174/2666082219666221228123312
I. Inanli
Lithium is an effective mood stabilizer. In patients with bipolar disorder using long-term lithium, discontinuation of lithium can lead to severe clinical outcomes such as lithium-induced discontinuation refractoriness. We present two clinical cases of lithium-induced discontinuation refractoriness. We present two female patients with a good long-term response to lithium. Both patients did not have a mood episode for many years and had residual symptoms. The first patient discontinued lithium voluntarily, while the second patient discontinued lithium treatment due to impaired thyroid function. Lithium was added to the treatment of both patients, but lithium-induced discontinuation refractoriness developed. It should be kept in mind that it may develop refractoriness to lithium when deciding to discontinue lithium treatment, especially in patients with a good long-term response to lithium.
{"title":"Lithium-induced discontinuation refractoriness: a report of two cases","authors":"I. Inanli","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666221228123312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666221228123312","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Lithium is an effective mood stabilizer. In patients with bipolar disorder using long-term lithium, discontinuation of lithium can lead to severe clinical outcomes such as lithium-induced discontinuation refractoriness. We present two clinical cases of lithium-induced discontinuation refractoriness.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000We present two female patients with a good long-term response to lithium. Both patients did not have a mood episode for many years and had residual symptoms. The first patient discontinued lithium voluntarily, while the second patient discontinued lithium treatment due to impaired thyroid function. Lithium was added to the treatment of both patients, but lithium-induced discontinuation refractoriness developed.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000It should be kept in mind that it may develop refractoriness to lithium when deciding to discontinue lithium treatment, especially in patients with a good long-term response to lithium.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48078815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-27DOI: 10.2174/2666082219666221227124013
Ali Khaksour, A. Saeidinia, Ghazale Ghanabri, Adele Akbari, Fateme khazaei, Najme Khani, M. Talebi
Healthcare workers (HCWs) who are directly involved in the management of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are at higher risk of psychological disorders. In this study, we evaluated the risk factors related to mental health disorders in HCWs active in the management of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mashhad, Iran. This was a cross-sectional investigation performed between April 2020 and May 2020 at five referral centers in Mashhad, Iran. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IESR), and VAS (for fear from COVID-19) to assess depression, anxiety, insomnia, distress and fear related to COVID-19 were filled. Risk factors were evaluated by the regression model. Mean ± SD age of participants was 33.84 ± 7.03 years. Most were females (64.2%). Of 360 participants, 252 had some degree of an anxiety disorder (70%), 63.8% had depression, 55.8% had insomnia, and 72.8% had distress. Work experiences (OR: 0.94, 95% CI= 0.901-0.983, P=0.007), exposure to COVID-19 patients (OR: 2.54, 95%CI= 1.37-4.69, P<0.001), and job status (OR: 1.40, 95%CI= 1.19 -1.54, P<0.001) were significant predictors of anxiety. Age (OR: 1.15, 95% CI= 1.05-1.27, P=0.002), exposure to COVID-19 patients (OR: 1.95, 95%CI= 1.04-3.64, P=0.037), work experience (OR: 0.86, 95%CI= 0.78-0.93, P<0.001), having children (OR: 0.58, 95%CI= 0.39- 0.87, P=0.008), and being infected with COVID-19 (OR: 9.95, 95%CI= 1.92-51.64, P<0.001) were the significant independent factors for depression in participants. COVID-19 could significantly affect HCWs mental health status, specifically depression. By targeting these predictors, health policymakers can reduce the burden of psychological disorders in HCWs.
{"title":"Mental Health Disorders in Healthcare Workers Exposed to COVID-19, Mashhad, Iran: A Cross-sectional Study","authors":"Ali Khaksour, A. Saeidinia, Ghazale Ghanabri, Adele Akbari, Fateme khazaei, Najme Khani, M. Talebi","doi":"10.2174/2666082219666221227124013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2666082219666221227124013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Healthcare workers (HCWs) who are directly involved in the management of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection are at higher risk of psychological disorders.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study, we evaluated the risk factors related to mental health disorders in HCWs active in the management of the COVID-19 pandemic in Mashhad, Iran.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This was a cross-sectional investigation performed between April 2020 and May 2020 at five referral centers in Mashhad, Iran. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Impact of Event Scale–Revised (IESR), and VAS (for fear from COVID-19) to assess depression, anxiety, insomnia, distress and fear related to COVID-19 were filled. Risk factors were evaluated by the regression model.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Mean ± SD age of participants was 33.84 ± 7.03 years. Most were females (64.2%). Of 360 participants, 252 had some degree of an anxiety disorder (70%), 63.8% had depression, 55.8% had insomnia, and 72.8% had distress. Work experiences (OR: 0.94, 95% CI= 0.901-0.983, P=0.007), exposure to COVID-19 patients (OR: 2.54, 95%CI= 1.37-4.69, P<0.001), and job status (OR: 1.40, 95%CI= 1.19 -1.54, P<0.001) were significant predictors of anxiety. Age (OR: 1.15, 95% CI= 1.05-1.27, P=0.002), exposure to COVID-19 patients (OR: 1.95, 95%CI= 1.04-3.64, P=0.037), work experience (OR: 0.86, 95%CI= 0.78-0.93, P<0.001), having children (OR: 0.58, 95%CI= 0.39- 0.87, P=0.008), and being infected with COVID-19 (OR: 9.95, 95%CI= 1.92-51.64, P<0.001) were the significant independent factors for depression in participants.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000COVID-19 could significantly affect HCWs mental health status, specifically depression. By targeting these predictors, health policymakers can reduce the burden of psychological disorders in HCWs.\u0000","PeriodicalId":36711,"journal":{"name":"Current Psychiatry Research and Reviews","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49059839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：