Cut peonies have limited time during which they can be harvested and commercialized. Interest in extending this period through long-term storage, both in dry and wet conditions, to obtain more profits is constantly growing. Sixty cut peony stems (cv. Alertie) were pulse-treated 24 h after harvest with 10 μM thidiazuron, 500 μL L-1 1-methylcyclopropene, 10 mM glycerol, and a combination of them (All) in a refrigerated cell at 4 °C, where the flowers were stored with wet preservation for 15 and 30 days. After these periods, flowers were maintained at 20 °C, and their quality was assessed through in vivo and destructive analyses at 0, 4, 12, and 14 days. Thirty days of storage strongly inhibited flower opening, in contrast to the shorter preservation period. After 15 days of storage and during preservation at room temperature, flowers treated with glycerol showed less water loss and senescence symptoms. Nitrate and phenol concentrations increased in all treatments after storage. In conclusion, wet storage at 4 °C for 15 days was more suitable for the cultivar tested in the present study and it also allowed the identification of treatments that involved the use of glycerol as promising for long-term preservation of peonies and their vase-life.
{"title":"Postharvest treatments to optimize long-term storage of cut peony flowers","authors":"Viviana Cavallaro, Pasquale Restuccia, Gianluca Vinci, Davide Guffanti, Giulia Franzoni, Antonio Ferrante","doi":"10.26353/j.itahort/2023.2.2536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2023.2.2536","url":null,"abstract":"Cut peonies have limited time during which they can be harvested and commercialized. Interest in extending this period through long-term storage, both in dry and wet conditions, to obtain more profits is constantly growing. Sixty cut peony stems (cv. Alertie) were pulse-treated 24 h after harvest with 10 μM thidiazuron, 500 μL L-1 1-methylcyclopropene, 10 mM glycerol, and a combination of them (All) in a refrigerated cell at 4 °C, where the flowers were stored with wet preservation for 15 and 30 days. After these periods, flowers were maintained at 20 °C, and their quality was assessed through in vivo and destructive analyses at 0, 4, 12, and 14 days. Thirty days of storage strongly inhibited flower opening, in contrast to the shorter preservation period. After 15 days of storage and during preservation at room temperature, flowers treated with glycerol showed less water loss and senescence symptoms. Nitrate and phenol concentrations increased in all treatments after storage. In conclusion, wet storage at 4 °C for 15 days was more suitable for the cultivar tested in the present study and it also allowed the identification of treatments that involved the use of glycerol as promising for long-term preservation of peonies and their vase-life.","PeriodicalId":36731,"journal":{"name":"Italus Hortus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135157364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.6876
G. Perulli, L. Manfrini
Seasonal patterns of burr and nut growth were measured in sweet chestnut trees (Castanea sativa Mill.) of the cultivar ‘Marrone di Castel del Rio’. Burr and nut growth expressed as diameter, fresh and dry weight, and dry matter were assessed from mid of June to mid of October. Results evidenced that burr mainly grows in the initial period of the season, while the nut had a rapid growth in the last part of the season (i.e., beginning of September). Dry matter of burrs started decreasing when its accumulation in the nuts was increasing. Burrs with the highest number of nuts (three), experienced a limited nut growth compared to burrs with two or one nuts per burr, but only at the beginning of nut filling phase. Lateral nut evidenced a higher growth in weight (fresh and dry) in the first part of the season with occasionally reduced dry matter compared to central nuts. The burr diameter had a strong positive relationship with the internal nut diameter and with the total nut weight
对‘Marrone di Castel del里约热内卢’品种甜栗树(Castanea sativa Mill.)的毛刺和坚果生长的季节规律进行了测定。以直径、鲜重、干重和干物质表示的毛刺和坚果生长情况在6月中旬至10月中旬进行评估。结果表明，毛刺主要生长在季初，而坚果在季末(即9月初)生长迅速。随着毛刺干物质在坚果中的积累量增加，毛刺干物质开始减少。果仁数量最多的毛刺(3个)，与每个毛刺有2个或1个果仁的毛刺相比，其果仁生长有限，但仅在果仁填充阶段开始。与中心坚果相比，侧边坚果在本季节的前半部分表现出更高的重量增长(新鲜和干燥)，偶尔干物质减少。毛刺直径与螺母内径和螺母总重呈正相关
{"title":"Assessment of the seasonal pattern of burr and nut growth in a chestnut ‘Marrone-type’ cultivar","authors":"G. Perulli, L. Manfrini","doi":"10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.6876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.6876","url":null,"abstract":"Seasonal patterns of burr and nut growth were measured in sweet chestnut trees (Castanea sativa Mill.) of the cultivar ‘Marrone di Castel del Rio’. Burr and nut growth expressed as diameter, fresh and dry weight, and dry matter were assessed from mid of June to mid of October. Results evidenced that burr mainly grows in the initial period of the season, while the nut had a rapid growth in the last part of the season (i.e., beginning of September). Dry matter of burrs started decreasing when its accumulation in the nuts was increasing. Burrs with the highest number of nuts (three), experienced a limited nut growth compared to burrs with two or one nuts per burr, but only at the beginning of nut filling phase. Lateral nut evidenced a higher growth in weight (fresh and dry) in the first part of the season with occasionally reduced dry matter compared to central nuts. The burr diameter had a strong positive relationship with the internal nut diameter and with the total nut weight","PeriodicalId":36731,"journal":{"name":"Italus Hortus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69272688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.0316
D. Castronuovo, L. Cardone, Mariagrazia Cruoglio, Ludovica Lela, Nadia Benedetto, Vittorio Carlucci, V. Candido
This research, carried out in a typical Mediterranean environment of Southern Italy, reports some quantitative and qualitative traits of three local tomato cultivars (‘Arsicolo’, ‘Crovarese’, and ‘San Marzano’) plus a commercial one (‘Datterino’) cultivated without irrigation and intercropped with maize. For each cultivar, in addition to the determination of fruit production, tomato paste and “conserva” paste were prepared using a traditional technique of the Tanagro Valley (province of Salerno, Southern Italy). Results highlighted that ‘Arsicolo’ showed the best fruit yield (32.2 metric tons ha-1) and tomato paste production (92.9% paste return by tomato fruits weight) due to its ancient peculiar adaptability to cultivation in dry conditions, while ‘Datterino’, ‘Crovarese’, and ‘San Marzano’ had 19, 16.7, 10.5 tons ha-1 of fruit yield and 85.7, 83.9, 76.2% of tomato paste return, respectively. Conversely, for the qualitative traits, such as total solids, soluble solids, titratable acidity, and ascorbic acid, ‘Crovarese’ showed the best results (9.1%, 6.6 °Brix, 0.93%, and 39.7 mg per 100 g of fresh weight, respectively). The two components extracted by the principal components analysis (PCA) explained 84.9% of the total variance in the morphological, quantitative and qualitative traits and the dendrogram obtained by hierarchical cluster analysis allowed to divide the cultivars into three groups. Our findings highlighted that local tomato cultivars, intercropped with maize, can be cultivated adopting only few sustainable field operations and with no irrigation.
{"title":"Productivity and quality of different tomato cultivars under intercropping system with maize and dry farming conditions in Southern Italy","authors":"D. Castronuovo, L. Cardone, Mariagrazia Cruoglio, Ludovica Lela, Nadia Benedetto, Vittorio Carlucci, V. Candido","doi":"10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.0316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.0316","url":null,"abstract":"This research, carried out in a typical Mediterranean environment of Southern Italy, reports some quantitative and qualitative traits of three local tomato cultivars (‘Arsicolo’, ‘Crovarese’, and ‘San Marzano’) plus a commercial one (‘Datterino’) cultivated without irrigation and intercropped with maize. For each cultivar, in addition to the determination of fruit production, tomato paste and “conserva” paste were prepared using a traditional technique of the Tanagro Valley (province of Salerno, Southern Italy). Results highlighted that ‘Arsicolo’ showed the best fruit yield (32.2 metric tons ha-1) and tomato paste production (92.9% paste return by tomato fruits weight) due to its ancient peculiar adaptability to cultivation in dry conditions, while ‘Datterino’, ‘Crovarese’, and ‘San Marzano’ had 19, 16.7, 10.5 tons ha-1 of fruit yield and 85.7, 83.9, 76.2% of tomato paste return, respectively. Conversely, for the qualitative traits, such as total solids, soluble solids, titratable acidity, and ascorbic acid, ‘Crovarese’ showed the best results (9.1%, 6.6 °Brix, 0.93%, and 39.7 mg per 100 g of fresh weight, respectively). The two components extracted by the principal components analysis (PCA) explained 84.9% of the total variance in the morphological, quantitative and qualitative traits and the dendrogram obtained by hierarchical cluster analysis allowed to divide the cultivars into three groups. Our findings highlighted that local tomato cultivars, intercropped with maize, can be cultivated adopting only few sustainable field operations and with no irrigation.","PeriodicalId":36731,"journal":{"name":"Italus Hortus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69272073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.26353/j.itahort/2023.2.5361
Nicola Aiello, Pietro Fusani
With the aim to evaluate several different accessions of the aromatic specie Achillea erbarotta subsp. moschata the morphological and quantitative characteristics of five cultivated accessions deriving from Trentino-Alto Adige (namely, ‘Rifugio Larcher al Cevedale’, ‘Passo Manghen’, ‘Città Morta’, ‘Monte Fregasoga’, and ‘Malga Valmaggiore’) were compared for three years in a field trial situated at the Viote of Monte Bondone (ca. 1500 m a.s.l.) Trento, Italy. The parameters data were recorded in the second and third years, since in the first year the plants were at vegetative stage. The percentage of missing plants was lower (7.5% on average) in the second, but highest in the third year of cultivation (58% on average). As regards the morphological parameters, the best results were obtained by the ‘Monte Fregasoga’ accession (56.7 stems per plant and 17.5 flowers per corymb, mean of two years), while the worst by the ‘Malga Valmaggiore’ (29.9 stems per plant and 13.5 flowers per corymb, mean of two years). In terms of yield, the same accessions produced 38.5-20.4 g and 8.9-5.6 g on average of fresh and dried flowering aerial part per plant, respectively. Two investigated accessions are suitable as the object of a breeding program, or even immediately for cultivation
{"title":"Morpho-quantitative characteristics of cultivated musk yarrow (Achillea erba-rotta subsp. moschata)","authors":"Nicola Aiello, Pietro Fusani","doi":"10.26353/j.itahort/2023.2.5361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2023.2.5361","url":null,"abstract":"With the aim to evaluate several different accessions of the aromatic specie Achillea erbarotta subsp. moschata the morphological and quantitative characteristics of five cultivated accessions deriving from Trentino-Alto Adige (namely, ‘Rifugio Larcher al Cevedale’, ‘Passo Manghen’, ‘Città Morta’, ‘Monte Fregasoga’, and ‘Malga Valmaggiore’) were compared for three years in a field trial situated at the Viote of Monte Bondone (ca. 1500 m a.s.l.) Trento, Italy. The parameters data were recorded in the second and third years, since in the first year the plants were at vegetative stage. The percentage of missing plants was lower (7.5% on average) in the second, but highest in the third year of cultivation (58% on average). As regards the morphological parameters, the best results were obtained by the ‘Monte Fregasoga’ accession (56.7 stems per plant and 17.5 flowers per corymb, mean of two years), while the worst by the ‘Malga Valmaggiore’ (29.9 stems per plant and 13.5 flowers per corymb, mean of two years). In terms of yield, the same accessions produced 38.5-20.4 g and 8.9-5.6 g on average of fresh and dried flowering aerial part per plant, respectively. Two investigated accessions are suitable as the object of a breeding program, or even immediately for cultivation","PeriodicalId":36731,"journal":{"name":"Italus Hortus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135157989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.5267
H. Majeed, Rubar Salih
Species belonging to the Crocus genus are considered among the most attractive horticultural species and valuable economic plants in the world. Crocus plants are present at several locations in the Iraqi Kurdistan region. However, a comprehensive study has not been conducted yet in recognition of the species in this area. In the current work we used Internal Transcribed Spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITSnr) markers and morphological traits to provide information on this genus. The study revealed two new subspecies within species Crocus biflorus; Crocus biflorus subsp. penjwenii and Crocus biflorus subsp. qaradaghii. In addition, the circumscriptions of Crocus cancellatus and Crocus pallasii, as well as their subspecies ranks (haussknechtii and cancellatus) respectively, are confirmed in Iraq for the first time by using molecular means.
{"title":"Two new subspecies of Crocus biflorus L. (Iridaceae) from the Iraqi Kurdistan region using morphological and molecular methods","authors":"H. Majeed, Rubar Salih","doi":"10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.5267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.5267","url":null,"abstract":"Species belonging to the Crocus genus are considered among the most attractive horticultural species and valuable economic plants in the world. Crocus plants are present at several locations in the Iraqi Kurdistan region. However, a comprehensive study has not been conducted yet in recognition of the species in this area. In the current work we used Internal Transcribed Spacers of nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITSnr) markers and morphological traits to provide information on this genus. The study revealed two new subspecies within species Crocus biflorus; Crocus biflorus subsp. penjwenii and Crocus biflorus subsp. qaradaghii. In addition, the circumscriptions of Crocus cancellatus and Crocus pallasii, as well as their subspecies ranks (haussknechtii and cancellatus) respectively, are confirmed in Iraq for the first time by using molecular means.","PeriodicalId":36731,"journal":{"name":"Italus Hortus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69272677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.0102
B. Basile, C. Andreotti, H. Rogers, Y. Rouphael
The global community faces an ever-increasing demand for food production and economic stability. The rapid population growth, climate change, and resource constraints have escalated the need for innovative solutions. Horticultural research is nowadays a multifaceted and broad field that encompasses the scientific study of the biology, the ecology, and the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants, as well as a range of topics such as plant breeding, crop production, plant physiology, and plant pathology. As the world is changing at an unprecedented pace, horticultural scientists will need to rapidly adapt their research to meet the needs of the future. The main challenges ahead are (a) increasing crop productivity, (b) improving the nutritional content of crops, (c) fostering economic growth and income generation, and (d) mitigating climate change impact on crops. Horticultural research will have to continue to have a pivotal role in enhancing crop productivity through various means. The development of improved crop varieties with enhanced yield potential, disease resistance, and tolerance to environmental stresses is the key factor to enable farmers to produce more food per unit of land. Additionally, research into innovative cultivation techniques, such as precision agriculture, hydroponics, and vertical farming, has the potential to significantly increase crop productivity in limited spaces. Horticultural research will also play a critical role in improving the nutritional content of crops, which is vital for combating malnutrition and promoting public health. Scientists need to focus on breeding programs with a focus on the enhancement of the vitamin, mineral, and phytonutrient content of horticultural products. By developing biofortified crops and promoting their cultivation, horticultural research can positively impact on human health, lowering healthcare costs linked to diet-related illnesses. Horticultural research also needs to increase and exploit its potential to foster economic growth and income generation at various levels. The horticulture sector provides employment opportunities, in rural and in urban areas, thereby reducing poverty and improving livelihoods. Horticultural research is expected to facilitate the development of value-added products and create new market opportunities. This can contribute to economic diversification and resilience, leading to increased stability during times of crisis. Finally, as climate change poses significant challenges to global food production, horticultural research has to play a crucial role in developing climate-resilient crops and modifying cultivation practices. By identifying and breeding climate-tolerant genotypes (cultivars and rootstocks), optimizing water and nutrient management, and implementing sustainable pest and disease control strategies, horticultural research helps ensure food security even in the face of changing climatic conditions. Moreover, the adoption of cl
{"title":"The role of horticultural research in mitigating global food and economic crises","authors":"B. Basile, C. Andreotti, H. Rogers, Y. Rouphael","doi":"10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.0102","url":null,"abstract":"The global community faces an ever-increasing demand for food production and economic stability. The rapid population growth, climate change, and resource constraints have escalated the need for innovative solutions. Horticultural research is nowadays a multifaceted and broad field that encompasses the scientific study of the biology, the ecology, and the cultivation of fruits, vegetables, and ornamental plants, as well as a range of topics such as plant breeding, crop production, plant physiology, and plant pathology. As the world is changing at an unprecedented pace, horticultural scientists will need to rapidly adapt their research to meet the needs of the future. The main challenges ahead are (a) increasing crop productivity, (b) improving the nutritional content of crops, (c) fostering economic growth and income generation, and (d) mitigating climate change impact on crops. Horticultural research will have to continue to have a pivotal role in enhancing crop productivity through various means. The development of improved crop varieties with enhanced yield potential, disease resistance, and tolerance to environmental stresses is the key factor to enable farmers to produce more food per unit of land. Additionally, research into innovative cultivation techniques, such as precision agriculture, hydroponics, and vertical farming, has the potential to significantly increase crop productivity in limited spaces. Horticultural research will also play a critical role in improving the nutritional content of crops, which is vital for combating malnutrition and promoting public health. Scientists need to focus on breeding programs with a focus on the enhancement of the vitamin, mineral, and phytonutrient content of horticultural products. By developing biofortified crops and promoting their cultivation, horticultural research can positively impact on human health, lowering healthcare costs linked to diet-related illnesses. Horticultural research also needs to increase and exploit its potential to foster economic growth and income generation at various levels. The horticulture sector provides employment opportunities, in rural and in urban areas, thereby reducing poverty and improving livelihoods. Horticultural research is expected to facilitate the development of value-added products and create new market opportunities. This can contribute to economic diversification and resilience, leading to increased stability during times of crisis. Finally, as climate change poses significant challenges to global food production, horticultural research has to play a crucial role in developing climate-resilient crops and modifying cultivation practices. By identifying and breeding climate-tolerant genotypes (cultivars and rootstocks), optimizing water and nutrient management, and implementing sustainable pest and disease control strategies, horticultural research helps ensure food security even in the face of changing climatic conditions. Moreover, the adoption of cl","PeriodicalId":36731,"journal":{"name":"Italus Hortus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69272050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.1736
Ioana-Claudia Moroșan, L. Ivănescu, S. Olaru, M. Zamfirache
Colchicine is an alkaloid with antimitotic properties, which has been used for polyploidy induction in plant breeding. However, rather limited information is known about the potential biological effects that this compound might induce in plant cells in vivo. This study aims to explore different methods of colchicine treatment using two Ocimum basilicum cultivars: ‘Genovese’ and ‘Aromat de Buzau’ and to determine and compare the induced biological effects. We found that colchicine treatment did not significantly affect the photosynthetic efficiency of treated plants or most seed germination parameters, except for the seedling vigor index. However, it had a significant impact on some morpho-anatomical indices of the plants. Specifically, colchicine treatment resulted in the occurrence of heteromorphic cells and weak xylem lignification in the epicotyl’s structure. In addition, heteromorphic stomata and epidermal cells appeared on both leaf surfaces. Furthermore, we observed tector hair morphogenesis and elongation may be stimulated as possible consequences of chemical stress induced by colchicine treatment.
秋水仙碱是一种具有抗有丝分裂特性的生物碱，在植物育种中用于诱导多倍体。然而，关于该化合物在体内植物细胞中可能诱导的潜在生物学效应，我们所知的信息相当有限。本研究旨在探讨秋水仙碱对两个罗勒栽培品种“Genovese”和“Aromat de Buzau”的不同处理方法，并确定和比较其诱导的生物学效应。我们发现秋水仙碱处理对处理植株的光合效率及除幼苗活力指数外的大部分种子萌发参数均无显著影响。然而，它对植物的一些形态解剖指标有显著的影响。具体来说，秋水仙碱处理导致上胚轴结构出现异型细胞和弱木质部木质化。此外，两叶表面均出现异型气孔和表皮细胞。此外，我们还观察到秋水仙碱诱导的化学胁迫可能会刺激毛的形态发生和伸长。
{"title":"Biological effects induced by colchicine in Ocimum basilicum L.","authors":"Ioana-Claudia Moroșan, L. Ivănescu, S. Olaru, M. Zamfirache","doi":"10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.1736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.1736","url":null,"abstract":"Colchicine is an alkaloid with antimitotic properties, which has been used for polyploidy induction in plant breeding. However, rather limited information is known about the potential biological effects that this compound might induce in plant cells in vivo. This study aims to explore different methods of colchicine treatment using two Ocimum basilicum cultivars: ‘Genovese’ and ‘Aromat de Buzau’ and to determine and compare the induced biological effects. We found that colchicine treatment did not significantly affect the photosynthetic efficiency of treated plants or most seed germination parameters, except for the seedling vigor index. However, it had a significant impact on some morpho-anatomical indices of the plants. Specifically, colchicine treatment resulted in the occurrence of heteromorphic cells and weak xylem lignification in the epicotyl’s structure. In addition, heteromorphic stomata and epidermal cells appeared on both leaf surfaces. Furthermore, we observed tector hair morphogenesis and elongation may be stimulated as possible consequences of chemical stress induced by colchicine treatment.","PeriodicalId":36731,"journal":{"name":"Italus Hortus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69272125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.26353/j.itahort/2023.2.0124
Mirko Sodini, Torben Callesen, Monica Canton, Luca Tezza, Flavio Bastos Campos, Damiano Zanotelli, Paolo Tarolli, Paolo Sivilotti, Andrea Pitacco, Massimo Tagliavini
The main worrying feature of climate change is its rapid evolution, in extent and variation, becoming less and less predictable. In this paper, we have reviewed the available literature and elaborated original data to outline how climate change will affect the grapevine cultivation and wine quality. We start by discussing which features of climate change will impact grapevine production most. The effects of heatwaves, air and soil temperature, extreme rainfall events, atmospheric evaporative demand, wildfires, and smoke are addressed. An increased frequency and intensity of heat waves since 2010 is shown in four grapevine production areas of Northern Italy. The focus then shifts to the impacts of the predicted increase in temperature and drought on frost risks, grapevine phenology, yield, berry quality and water needs as well as vine and vineyard carbon budgets. Climate change will challenge the achievement of current yields and wine quality as well as the ability of vineyards to sequester atmospheric carbon, but such effects will likely depend on the characteristics of the growing environments and on the varieties present. Climate change-related threats to grapevine call for a rapid implementation of adaptation strategies
{"title":"Major threats caused by climate change to grapevine","authors":"Mirko Sodini, Torben Callesen, Monica Canton, Luca Tezza, Flavio Bastos Campos, Damiano Zanotelli, Paolo Tarolli, Paolo Sivilotti, Andrea Pitacco, Massimo Tagliavini","doi":"10.26353/j.itahort/2023.2.0124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2023.2.0124","url":null,"abstract":"The main worrying feature of climate change is its rapid evolution, in extent and variation, becoming less and less predictable. In this paper, we have reviewed the available literature and elaborated original data to outline how climate change will affect the grapevine cultivation and wine quality. We start by discussing which features of climate change will impact grapevine production most. The effects of heatwaves, air and soil temperature, extreme rainfall events, atmospheric evaporative demand, wildfires, and smoke are addressed. An increased frequency and intensity of heat waves since 2010 is shown in four grapevine production areas of Northern Italy. The focus then shifts to the impacts of the predicted increase in temperature and drought on frost risks, grapevine phenology, yield, berry quality and water needs as well as vine and vineyard carbon budgets. Climate change will challenge the achievement of current yields and wine quality as well as the ability of vineyards to sequester atmospheric carbon, but such effects will likely depend on the characteristics of the growing environments and on the varieties present. Climate change-related threats to grapevine call for a rapid implementation of adaptation strategies","PeriodicalId":36731,"journal":{"name":"Italus Hortus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135157697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The agronomic and nutritional values of eggplant (Solanum melongena) can be increased by harnessing its genetic variability. In this work, we aimed to study the variation and inter-character association among eggplant genotypes, with the ultimate goal of identifying genotypes that are useful for breeding. The study was carried out at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria in 2013, using seven eggplant genotypes. Data were collected on seventeen agro-morphological characters and subjected to principal component analysis (PCA), single linkage cluster analysis (SLCA), correlation analysis, and Genotype × Yield-Trait-biplot (GYT-biplot) procedure. PCA revealed that plant, fruit and yield characters were relevant in discriminating the genotypes while SLCA classified the genotypes into four clusters. Correlation analyses revealed a strong, significant but negative correlation between fruit breadth and yield traits while the GYT-biplot procedure delineated the genotypes into three sectors. We suggest that reduced fruit breadth should be selected for in order to obtain improved yield in eggplant. Genotypes 10014-101a, 97068-091a, and 12078-092e should be further investigated because they are in distinct clusters and, they are the vertex genotypes in sectors 1, 2 and 3.
{"title":"Multivariate analysis of phenotypic variation and inter-character association in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) accessions","authors":"Olusola Babatunde Kehinde, Ayodeji Ayomide Famogbiele, Christopher Olusanya Alake, Mufutau Olaoye Atayese, Oyeboade Adebiyi Oyetunde","doi":"10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.3751","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2023.1.3751","url":null,"abstract":"The agronomic and nutritional values of eggplant (Solanum melongena) can be increased by harnessing its genetic variability. In this work, we aimed to study the variation and inter-character association among eggplant genotypes, with the ultimate goal of identifying genotypes that are useful for breeding. The study was carried out at the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria in 2013, using seven eggplant genotypes. Data were collected on seventeen agro-morphological characters and subjected to principal component analysis (PCA), single linkage cluster analysis (SLCA), correlation analysis, and Genotype × Yield-Trait-biplot (GYT-biplot) procedure. PCA revealed that plant, fruit and yield characters were relevant in discriminating the genotypes while SLCA classified the genotypes into four clusters. Correlation analyses revealed a strong, significant but negative correlation between fruit breadth and yield traits while the GYT-biplot procedure delineated the genotypes into three sectors. We suggest that reduced fruit breadth should be selected for in order to obtain improved yield in eggplant. Genotypes 10014-101a, 97068-091a, and 12078-092e should be further investigated because they are in distinct clusters and, they are the vertex genotypes in sectors 1, 2 and 3.","PeriodicalId":36731,"journal":{"name":"Italus Hortus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69272673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.26353/j.itahort/2023.2.3752
Claudio Cannata, Federico Basile, Rosario Paolo Mauro, Maria Giordano, Melissa Carmen Susino, Cherubino Leonardi
This study aimed to evaluate, from a bio-agronomical and qualitative perspective, 15 greenhouse mini plum tomato cultivars differing for epicarp colour (yellow, orange, red and brownish), and recently introduced in South-Eastern Sicily. ‘Santy Yellow’ (yellow fruit), ‘Santy Naranja’ and ‘Bamano’ (both with orange fruit) proved the highest marketable yield (3.24 kg plant-1, on average), whereas fruit weight, shape index, firmness and dry matter content peaked in ‘Top Zohar’ (brownish fruit), ‘Dolly’, ‘Santy Yellow’ (both with yellow fruit) and ‘Santy Naranja’ (orange), respectively. Moreover, ‘Blondy’ and ‘605156’ (both yellow-fruited) showed the highest total soluble solids (10.2 °Brix) and titratable acidity (4.42 g CAE L-1), respectively. From a functional viewpoint, the brownishfruited cultivars had the highest contents of total phenols and chlorophylls (3237 mg GAE kg-1 DW and 157 mg kg-1 DW, respectively), especially in the case of ‘Thaiti’ (3571 mg GAE kg-1 DW) and ‘Dolcenera’ (201.7 mg kg-1 DW). Differently, the red-fruited cultivars showed the highest contents of total carotenoids (354 mg kg-1 dry weight), and lycopene (235 mg kg-1 DW), whereas the yellow-fruited ones displayed the lowest carotenoids accumulation, particularly in ‘Ivorino’ (33 mg kg-1 dry weight). The present study provides useful information about the adaptability of these cultivars to the greenhouse conditions thereby assisting the horticultural sector to fulfill the increasing market demands for a diversified product from a qualitative and functional viewpoint.
{"title":"Variegated bioactive potential and different productive responses displayed by a set of polychromatic mini plum tomato cultivars","authors":"Claudio Cannata, Federico Basile, Rosario Paolo Mauro, Maria Giordano, Melissa Carmen Susino, Cherubino Leonardi","doi":"10.26353/j.itahort/2023.2.3752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2023.2.3752","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate, from a bio-agronomical and qualitative perspective, 15 greenhouse mini plum tomato cultivars differing for epicarp colour (yellow, orange, red and brownish), and recently introduced in South-Eastern Sicily. ‘Santy Yellow’ (yellow fruit), ‘Santy Naranja’ and ‘Bamano’ (both with orange fruit) proved the highest marketable yield (3.24 kg plant-1, on average), whereas fruit weight, shape index, firmness and dry matter content peaked in ‘Top Zohar’ (brownish fruit), ‘Dolly’, ‘Santy Yellow’ (both with yellow fruit) and ‘Santy Naranja’ (orange), respectively. Moreover, ‘Blondy’ and ‘605156’ (both yellow-fruited) showed the highest total soluble solids (10.2 °Brix) and titratable acidity (4.42 g CAE L-1), respectively. From a functional viewpoint, the brownishfruited cultivars had the highest contents of total phenols and chlorophylls (3237 mg GAE kg-1 DW and 157 mg kg-1 DW, respectively), especially in the case of ‘Thaiti’ (3571 mg GAE kg-1 DW) and ‘Dolcenera’ (201.7 mg kg-1 DW). Differently, the red-fruited cultivars showed the highest contents of total carotenoids (354 mg kg-1 dry weight), and lycopene (235 mg kg-1 DW), whereas the yellow-fruited ones displayed the lowest carotenoids accumulation, particularly in ‘Ivorino’ (33 mg kg-1 dry weight). The present study provides useful information about the adaptability of these cultivars to the greenhouse conditions thereby assisting the horticultural sector to fulfill the increasing market demands for a diversified product from a qualitative and functional viewpoint.","PeriodicalId":36731,"journal":{"name":"Italus Hortus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135156742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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