Ramamoorthy Vellaisamy, S. S, T. M, Samundeeswari S, S. G., R. R.
Crop duration of the cultivated Pleurotus spp. is 45 to 50 days. P. djamor isolate woody-1 was collected as natural selection and was found to be short cropping duration variety with total cropping duration of 30 days but it is less palatable. It produced very thin, loose and non-rhizomorphic mycelia appearing light white color. Whereas, other commercial Pleurotus varieties such as P. florida and P. djamor MDU1 are long crop duration varieties and palatable producing thick, compact and rhizomorphic mycelia with bright white color. Co-segregation of non-rhizomorphic mycelial phenotype and short cropping duration trait of P. djamor woody- 1 in hybrid progenies was evaluated. Hybrid strains viz., H2W12 and H2W14 have thin, loose and non-rhizomorphic mycelium and they produced primordia in 9-10 days after spawning with total cropping duration of 29-32 days. Whereas, hybrid strain namely Pf1W2 has thick, compact and rhizomorphic mycelial phenotype and it produced primordia in 20 days after spawning with the total cropping duration of 47 days. This study indicated that genes governing short cropping duration and non-rhizomorphic mycelial pattern were tightly linked and co-segregated in the progenies. Thus, non-rhizomorphic mycelial phenotype of P. djamor woody1 can be used as a phenotypic marker for selection of hybrid cultivar having short cropping duration with other desired agronomic traits in future breeding strategy.
{"title":"Cropping duration and non-rhizomorphic mycelial phenotype of Pleurotus djamor woody1 co-segregate in the hybrid progenies","authors":"Ramamoorthy Vellaisamy, S. S, T. M, Samundeeswari S, S. G., R. R.","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1129","url":null,"abstract":"Crop duration of the cultivated Pleurotus spp. is 45 to 50 days. P. djamor isolate woody-1 was collected as natural selection and was found to be short cropping duration variety with total cropping duration of 30 days but it is less palatable. It produced very thin, loose and non-rhizomorphic mycelia appearing light white color. Whereas, other commercial Pleurotus varieties such as P. florida and P. djamor MDU1 are long crop duration varieties and palatable producing thick, compact and rhizomorphic mycelia with bright white color. Co-segregation of non-rhizomorphic mycelial phenotype and short cropping duration trait of P. djamor woody- 1 in hybrid progenies was evaluated. Hybrid strains viz., H2W12 and H2W14 have thin, loose and non-rhizomorphic mycelium and they produced primordia in 9-10 days after spawning with total cropping duration of 29-32 days. Whereas, hybrid strain namely Pf1W2 has thick, compact and rhizomorphic mycelial phenotype and it produced primordia in 20 days after spawning with the total cropping duration of 47 days. This study indicated that genes governing short cropping duration and non-rhizomorphic mycelial pattern were tightly linked and co-segregated in the progenies. Thus, non-rhizomorphic mycelial phenotype of P. djamor woody1 can be used as a phenotypic marker for selection of hybrid cultivar having short cropping duration with other desired agronomic traits in future breeding strategy.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83398147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V S Karthik Nayaka, Tiwari R B, Narayana C K, R. K., S. Azeez, Vasugi C, V. R., B. S, Sujayasree O J
Browning is a major quality deterioration process affecting both visual colour and nutritional value of guava leather. The aim of the study was to determine the role of different sugars viz., sucrose, fructose, glucose and sorbitol in non-enzymatic browning and antioxidant activity of guava fruit leather. The total free amino acids, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activities were at significantly lower levels in glucose and fructose treated guava leather, while the sorbitol added samples had all of above parameters at the highest level; while a reverse trend was observed in browning index and non-enzymatic browning. Among the browning intermediate products, Hydroxymethylfurfural was present at higher concentration (12.80-32.32 ng/g) than furfural (0.29-0.95 ng/g) in guava leather samples. Among the treatments, hydroxymethylfurfural was found lowest in sorbitol (12.8 ng/g) and highest in fructose (32.3 ng/g). In brief, this paper describes a novel effort in bringing the in-vitro studies related to sugars and total free amino acids, influencing the biochemical and nutritional attributes which are responsible for browning in guava fruit leather.
{"title":"Comparative effect of different sugars instigating non-enzymatic browning and Maillard reaction products in guava fruit leather","authors":"V S Karthik Nayaka, Tiwari R B, Narayana C K, R. K., S. Azeez, Vasugi C, V. R., B. S, Sujayasree O J","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1387","url":null,"abstract":"Browning is a major quality deterioration process affecting both visual colour and nutritional value of guava leather. The aim of the study was to determine the role of different sugars viz., sucrose, fructose, glucose and sorbitol in non-enzymatic browning and antioxidant activity of guava fruit leather. The total free amino acids, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activities were at significantly lower levels in glucose and fructose treated guava leather, while the sorbitol added samples had all of above parameters at the highest level; while a reverse trend was observed in browning index and non-enzymatic browning. Among the browning intermediate products, Hydroxymethylfurfural was present at higher concentration (12.80-32.32 ng/g) than furfural (0.29-0.95 ng/g) in guava leather samples. Among the treatments, hydroxymethylfurfural was found lowest in sorbitol (12.8 ng/g) and highest in fructose (32.3 ng/g). In brief, this paper describes a novel effort in bringing the in-vitro studies related to sugars and total free amino acids, influencing the biochemical and nutritional attributes which are responsible for browning in guava fruit leather.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85130791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C Yella Swami, S. G, Naik R K, Sanjeeva Reddy B, Rathinakumari C A
Dry chilli production in India condition faces many challenges apart from adverse weather conditions, labor-intensive production practices and higher overall production costs are limiting profitable dry chilli cultivation. Therefore, a study was carried to know the key constraints in current chilli production practices in eight major production districts of three states. A systematic research and development approach is essential to know the range of constraints and farmers preferences over technological options for field operations. The harvesting operation alone demands 43% of labour 360.5 man-days/ha. So, red chilli harvesting mechanization is a definite immediate requirement to reduce labour input. Farmers (47%) prefer small size self-propelled chilli harvester over tractor operated equipment. In the production catchments, farmer also inferred to change the cultivation practices to mechanize chilli production operations, but 18% of farmers hesitant to adopt one-timeharvesting chilli varieties due to suspicion about the yield potentials.
{"title":"Constraints in dry chilli cultivation practices and mechanization of harvesting in Southern India","authors":"C Yella Swami, S. G, Naik R K, Sanjeeva Reddy B, Rathinakumari C A","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1089","url":null,"abstract":"Dry chilli production in India condition faces many challenges apart from adverse weather conditions, labor-intensive production practices and higher overall production costs are limiting profitable dry chilli cultivation. Therefore, a study was carried to know the key constraints in current chilli production practices in eight major production districts of three states. A systematic research and development approach is essential to know the range of constraints and farmers preferences over technological options for field operations. The harvesting operation alone demands 43% of labour 360.5 man-days/ha. So, red chilli harvesting mechanization is a definite immediate requirement to reduce labour input. Farmers (47%) prefer small size self-propelled chilli harvester over tractor operated equipment. In the production catchments, farmer also inferred to change the cultivation practices to mechanize chilli production operations, but 18% of farmers hesitant to adopt one-timeharvesting chilli varieties due to suspicion about the yield potentials.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85370148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saidulu Yeluguri, T. P, Upreti K K, S. S, Seetharamu G K, D. V, Mythili J B
Resistance responses in the leaves of eight rose genotypes, Knock Out (highly resistant), Arka Nishkant (moderately resistant), R. multiflora (highly susceptible), Arka Swadesh (highly susceptible), IIHRR 13-4 (susceptible), Arka Parimala (susceptible), R. indica (susceptible) and IIHRR 4-15-12 (moderately susceptible), exhibiting varied levels of resistance against black spot were investigated post artificial inoculation with black spot pathogen, Diplocarpon rosae. There was consistent increase in the activities of defense related enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase and other defense related secondary metabolites like phenols and flavonoids at different phases of black spot progression and increase was high in resistant genotypes Knock Out and Arka Nishkant. The peak activity of defense enzymes and high concentration of other metabolites was witnessed during early stages of infection in the resistant genotypes while it was during later phase in the susceptible genotypes. These results suggested that the faster and stronger activation of defense system is associated with the resistance against black spotin the rose genotypes.
{"title":"Biochemical characterization of defense responses in rose genotypes in response to artificial inoculation with black spot pathogen Diplocarpon rosae","authors":"Saidulu Yeluguri, T. P, Upreti K K, S. S, Seetharamu G K, D. V, Mythili J B","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1027","url":null,"abstract":"Resistance responses in the leaves of eight rose genotypes, Knock Out (highly resistant), Arka Nishkant (moderately resistant), R. multiflora (highly susceptible), Arka Swadesh (highly susceptible), IIHRR 13-4 (susceptible), Arka Parimala (susceptible), R. indica (susceptible) and IIHRR 4-15-12 (moderately susceptible), exhibiting varied levels of resistance against black spot were investigated post artificial inoculation with black spot pathogen, Diplocarpon rosae. There was consistent increase in the activities of defense related enzymes such as catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase and other defense related secondary metabolites like phenols and flavonoids at different phases of black spot progression and increase was high in resistant genotypes Knock Out and Arka Nishkant. The peak activity of defense enzymes and high concentration of other metabolites was witnessed during early stages of infection in the resistant genotypes while it was during later phase in the susceptible genotypes. These results suggested that the faster and stronger activation of defense system is associated with the resistance against black spotin the rose genotypes.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72789019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Bayogan, L. Secretaria, Darlyn Lequigan, R. Abad
A cost-effective alternative to cold storage is the brick-walled evaporative cooler (BEC). The effects of BEC on mature green and breaker ‘Diamante Max’ tomatoes were assessed. Two trials were carried out at ambient conditions with (i) 27.13±0.78 °C and 80.89±4.47%RH; (ii) 26.93±0.87 °C and 80.05±5.20% RH and with BEC (i) 25.49±0.58 °C and 99.90±0.10% RH; (ii) 25.42±0.90 °C and 97.75±3.25% RH. BEC-stored tomatoes showed 10.36% lesser weight loss, lesser decay incidence, redder color and better visual quality compared to control fruit. The higher L* and hue of around 90 in ambient-stored tomatoes indicated a lighter color as fruit turned to yellow compared to a lower L* and hue in BEC indicating a darker red color. An increased chroma was recorded as fruit turned from green or breaker to yellow, orange, or light red while the values of a* became negative. The BEC maintained the firmness and total soluble solids, especially in mature green tomatoes. After 49 days of storage, 61.8% of the fruit stored in the BEC were marketable compared to 23.3% in ambient conditions. The BEC system showed 27.16% higher annual benefit over cost than the ambient storage conditions. Thus, the BEC system can potentially maintain the quality of ‘Diamante Max’ tomatoes.
{"title":"The use of brick-walled evaporative cooler for storage of tomato","authors":"E. Bayogan, L. Secretaria, Darlyn Lequigan, R. Abad","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1230","url":null,"abstract":"A cost-effective alternative to cold storage is the brick-walled evaporative cooler (BEC). The effects of BEC on mature green and breaker ‘Diamante Max’ tomatoes were assessed. Two trials were carried out at ambient conditions with (i) 27.13±0.78 °C and 80.89±4.47%RH; (ii) 26.93±0.87 °C and 80.05±5.20% RH and with BEC (i) 25.49±0.58 °C and 99.90±0.10% RH; (ii) 25.42±0.90 °C and 97.75±3.25% RH. BEC-stored tomatoes showed 10.36% lesser weight loss, lesser decay incidence, redder color and better visual quality compared to control fruit. The higher L* and hue of around 90 in ambient-stored tomatoes indicated a lighter color as fruit turned to yellow compared to a lower L* and hue in BEC indicating a darker red color. An increased chroma was recorded as fruit turned from green or breaker to yellow, orange, or light red while the values of a* became negative. The BEC maintained the firmness and total soluble solids, especially in mature green tomatoes. After 49 days of storage, 61.8% of the fruit stored in the BEC were marketable compared to 23.3% in ambient conditions. The BEC system showed 27.16% higher annual benefit over cost than the ambient storage conditions. Thus, the BEC system can potentially maintain the quality of ‘Diamante Max’ tomatoes.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84204389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An experiment was conducted at IISR, Kozhikode to study the effect of foliar application of chemical elicitors, namely, chitosan (100, 200 and 500 ppm), phenylalanine (0.1, 1 and 10 mM) and salicylic acid (0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM) on volatile constituents of turmeric rhizome essential oil (EO). Three genotypes (Pragati, Rajapuri and Acc.849) which vary in growth duration and volatile profile were taken for the study in randomized block design with three replications. The highest EO content in Pragati (6%) and Acc. 849 (5.3%) was found in Phenylalanine (1 mM) treatment. No significant changes in EO content were observed in the genotype Rajapuri. Phenylalanine and salicylic acid were found to have positive influence on ar-turmerone, the major sesquiterpenoid in Pragati. Acc.849 and Rajapuri did not produce any significant changes to ar-turmerone content in elicitor treated samples. Moreover, the treatment related variation in the total monoterpenes and total sesquiterpene content was found significant among the genotypes. Multivariate analysis using partial least square discriminant analysis supported the variation observed among the treatments and variable importance in projection scoreidentified the metabolites responsible for variation among treatments.
{"title":"Elicitors induced changes in essential oil constituents of turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) rhizome","authors":"S. Rajagopal, John Zachariah Thondiath","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1079","url":null,"abstract":"An experiment was conducted at IISR, Kozhikode to study the effect of foliar application of chemical elicitors, namely, chitosan (100, 200 and 500 ppm), phenylalanine (0.1, 1 and 10 mM) and salicylic acid (0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM) on volatile constituents of turmeric rhizome essential oil (EO). Three genotypes (Pragati, Rajapuri and Acc.849) which vary in growth duration and volatile profile were taken for the study in randomized block design with three replications. The highest EO content in Pragati (6%) and Acc. 849 (5.3%) was found in Phenylalanine (1 mM) treatment. No significant changes in EO content were observed in the genotype Rajapuri. Phenylalanine and salicylic acid were found to have positive influence on ar-turmerone, the major sesquiterpenoid in Pragati. Acc.849 and Rajapuri did not produce any significant changes to ar-turmerone content in elicitor treated samples. Moreover, the treatment related variation in the total monoterpenes and total sesquiterpene content was found significant among the genotypes. Multivariate analysis using partial least square discriminant analysis supported the variation observed among the treatments and variable importance in projection scoreidentified the metabolites responsible for variation among treatments.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76892815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Onion is the one of the important vegetable crops cultivated in India. Multiplier type onion is one among the three major types of onions. Tamil Nadu accounts for five per cent of country’s area under onion and more than 70 per cent of the area is cultivated by small onion (Allium cepa var. aggregatum). Around 90 per cent of country’s multiplier onion is produced from Tamil Nadu. Detopping is one of the steps in the on-farm processing carried out after harvest. Presently this is done manually by farm women. Individual onions are picked and detopping is done by using sickle. This operation is time consuming and highly drudgery in nature. An Onion detopping machine to remove the foliage after harvest was designed and developed in the present study. This machine has a capacity of 370 kg/h against 30 kg/h manual practice and works with an efficiency of 98%. The unique design of the detopper is that it is suitable for all sizes of onions. Also, the cluster is intact after detopping, which is very important requirement. This multiplier type onion is grown in Nagamangala (Tk), Mandya (Dt.) of Karnataka State. Two farmers of this area have installed this machine and running a successful enterprising. Cost involved in using this machine is Rs. 200 per quintal against Rs. 500 per quintal by manual detopping. Owing to the higher capacity by mechanization, the farmers will be able to process the higher volume of produce within a short span of time. Hence, this will facilitate the farmers to sell the produce, get good market price and earn higher returns.
洋葱是印度重要的蔬菜作物之一。乘数型洋葱是洋葱的三大品种之一。泰米尔纳德邦的洋葱种植面积占全国的5%，其中70%以上的面积种植的是小洋葱(Allium cepa var. aggregatum)。该国大约90%的倍增洋葱产自泰米尔纳德邦。除毛是收获后农场加工的一个步骤。目前这是由农场妇女手工完成的。单个的洋葱被采摘下来，用镰刀去屑。这个操作耗时长，而且非常辛苦。本研究设计并研制了一种洋葱采摘后叶片去除机。本机的生产能力为370公斤/小时，而手工操作为30公斤/小时，工作效率为98%。去托器的独特设计是它适用于各种大小的洋葱。此外，集群在卸载后是完整的，这是非常重要的要求。这种倍增型洋葱生长在卡纳塔克邦的纳加曼加拉(Tk)，曼迪亚(Dt.)。这个地区的两个农民安装了这台机器，并经营了一家成功的企业。使用这台机器的成本是每公担200卢比，而手工落料每公担500卢比。由于机械化提高了生产能力，农民将能够在短时间内加工更多的农产品。因此，这将有利于农民出售农产品，获得良好的市场价格，赚取更高的回报。
{"title":"Onion detopping machine - an emerging horticultural enterprising","authors":"Carolin Rathinakumari, S. G","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i1.882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i1.882","url":null,"abstract":"Onion is the one of the important vegetable crops cultivated in India. Multiplier type onion is one among the three major types of onions. Tamil Nadu accounts for five per cent of country’s area under onion and more than 70 per cent of the area is cultivated by small onion (Allium cepa var. aggregatum). Around 90 per cent of country’s multiplier onion is produced from Tamil Nadu. Detopping is one of the steps in the on-farm processing carried out after harvest. Presently this is done manually by farm women. Individual onions are picked and detopping is done by using sickle. This operation is time consuming and highly drudgery in nature. An Onion detopping machine to remove the foliage after harvest was designed and developed in the present study. This machine has a capacity of 370 kg/h against 30 kg/h manual practice and works with an efficiency of 98%. The unique design of the detopper is that it is suitable for all sizes of onions. Also, the cluster is intact after detopping, which is very important requirement. This multiplier type onion is grown in Nagamangala (Tk), Mandya (Dt.) of Karnataka State. Two farmers of this area have installed this machine and running a successful enterprising. Cost involved in using this machine is Rs. 200 per quintal against Rs. 500 per quintal by manual detopping. Owing to the higher capacity by mechanization, the farmers will be able to process the higher volume of produce within a short span of time. Hence, this will facilitate the farmers to sell the produce, get good market price and earn higher returns.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"465 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83019284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
DEEP LATA, Narayana C K, K. G, S. D V, Anuradha Sane
There is a huge potential for dragon fruits grown in India but insufficient information may hamper its production and postharvest handling. The aim of this study was to investigate the right harvest time and maturity indices for red and white pulp dragon fruit. Growth and developmental studies were undertaken using destructive (total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity and TSS: acid ratio) and non-destructive methods (fruit weight, specific gravity, peel colour and heat units). Fruits were collected at seven intervals (7, 14, 21, 26, 31, 36 and 41 days after flowering) to assess the right maturity. All these methods were used to standardize the optimum maturity and right time for the harvest of red and white pulp dragon fruit. Harvesting dragon fruits between 31-36 days after flowering (DAF) was found ideal for optimum maturity and quality. Both red and white pulp fruits harvested at 31 DAF showed better quality in terms of physic-chemical and sensory attributes.
{"title":"Maturity determination of red and white pulp dragon fruit","authors":"DEEP LATA, Narayana C K, K. G, S. D V, Anuradha Sane","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1309","url":null,"abstract":"There is a huge potential for dragon fruits grown in India but insufficient information may hamper its production and postharvest handling. The aim of this study was to investigate the right harvest time and maturity indices for red and white pulp dragon fruit. Growth and developmental studies were undertaken using destructive (total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity and TSS: acid ratio) and non-destructive methods (fruit weight, specific gravity, peel colour and heat units). Fruits were collected at seven intervals (7, 14, 21, 26, 31, 36 and 41 days after flowering) to assess the right maturity. All these methods were used to standardize the optimum maturity and right time for the harvest of red and white pulp dragon fruit. Harvesting dragon fruits between 31-36 days after flowering (DAF) was found ideal for optimum maturity and quality. Both red and white pulp fruits harvested at 31 DAF showed better quality in terms of physic-chemical and sensory attributes.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76905072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Neeraj, S. Siddiqui, Nidhi Dalal, Bindu, Anuradha Srivastva
The present study was conducted to study the morphological, physicochemical and colour characteristics of potato starch extracted by control and combined methods from potato varieties viz., Kufri Chipsona-4, Badshah, Pushkar, Bahar and Sindhuri (fresh and cured). Among these varieties, Kufri Chipsona-4 exhibited maximum percent of small size (< 30 μm) particles (48%). Kufri Sindhuri showed highest starch purity (87.1%) but lowest whiteness (92.2%) whereas, highest whiteness (95.4%) was recorded in starch extracted from Kufri Badshah. Among starch extraction methods, combined method showed significantly lower starch moisture content (11.8%), fat (0.28%), protein (0.31%), ash (0.28%) and crude fibre (0.15%) whereas; starch purity (87.2%), percentage of small size particles (45%) and starch whiteness (96.3%) were observed higher than control methods in all varieties.
{"title":"Morphological, physiochemical and colour characteristics of fresh and cured starch in potato varieties","authors":"Neeraj, S. Siddiqui, Nidhi Dalal, Bindu, Anuradha Srivastva","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i1.1312","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to study the morphological, physicochemical and colour characteristics of potato starch extracted by control and combined methods from potato varieties viz., Kufri Chipsona-4, Badshah, Pushkar, Bahar and Sindhuri (fresh and cured). Among these varieties, Kufri Chipsona-4 exhibited maximum percent of small size (< 30 μm) particles (48%). Kufri Sindhuri showed highest starch purity (87.1%) but lowest whiteness (92.2%) whereas, highest whiteness (95.4%) was recorded in starch extracted from Kufri Badshah. Among starch extraction methods, combined method showed significantly lower starch moisture content (11.8%), fat (0.28%), protein (0.31%), ash (0.28%) and crude fibre (0.15%) whereas; starch purity (87.2%), percentage of small size particles (45%) and starch whiteness (96.3%) were observed higher than control methods in all varieties.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73101148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ganeshamurthy, T. Adak, K. Kumar, Vinod K. Singh
Dashehari is the leading mango variety grown in Indo-Gangetic plain. Its yield is affected severely by the micronutrient deficiencies. Zinc and boron are the two important micronutrients which limit the yield and quality of Dashehari mango in this region. Hence a field study was taken up to understand the responses of Dashehari mango to different levels of Zn. Results indicated yield enhancement with proper Zn supplementation through foliar sprays. Highest yield of 43.50±2.00 to 50.72±2.40 kg tree-1 was recorded with 1.0% ZnSO4 application, followed by 42.27±1.26 (1.5% ZnSO4) to 47.85±1.65 (0.75% ZnSO4) kg tree-1. TSS (19.63±0.25 to 20.27±0.40°Brix), acidity (0.150±0.01 to 0.200±0.02%) and ascorbic acid (29.46±2.29 to 35.17±1.32 mg per 100 g) variations were noted under the influence of various Zn treated fruits. Foliar spray application also caused nutrient richness in mango fruit pulp showing improvement in Zn concentration in fruit pulp from 1.17±0.10 to 1.73±0.10 mg kg-1. Highest concentration of B, Cu, Fe and Mn were observed (3.13±0.018, 4.37±0.06, 7.87±0.06, 20.10±0.15 mg kg-1 respectively) with P and K concentrations of 0.026±0.0002 & 0.28±0.001% respectively. Significant difference in leaf and soil Zn content was also recorded. The results indicated that yield and quality of Dashehari mango can be improved with foliar spray of Zn in sandy loam soil.
{"title":"Response of Dashehari mango to different Zn levels on yield and pulp nutrient contents grown on sandy loam soils of Lucknow","authors":"A. Ganeshamurthy, T. Adak, K. Kumar, Vinod K. Singh","doi":"10.24154/jhs.v17i1.750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24154/jhs.v17i1.750","url":null,"abstract":"Dashehari is the leading mango variety grown in Indo-Gangetic plain. Its yield is affected severely by the micronutrient deficiencies. Zinc and boron are the two important micronutrients which limit the yield and quality of Dashehari mango in this region. Hence a field study was taken up to understand the responses of Dashehari mango to different levels of Zn. Results indicated yield enhancement with proper Zn supplementation through foliar sprays. Highest yield of 43.50±2.00 to 50.72±2.40 kg tree-1 was recorded with 1.0% ZnSO4 application, followed by 42.27±1.26 (1.5% ZnSO4) to 47.85±1.65 (0.75% ZnSO4) kg tree-1. TSS (19.63±0.25 to 20.27±0.40°Brix), acidity (0.150±0.01 to 0.200±0.02%) and ascorbic acid (29.46±2.29 to 35.17±1.32 mg per 100 g) variations were noted under the influence of various Zn treated fruits. Foliar spray application also caused nutrient richness in mango fruit pulp showing improvement in Zn concentration in fruit pulp from 1.17±0.10 to 1.73±0.10 mg kg-1. Highest concentration of B, Cu, Fe and Mn were observed (3.13±0.018, 4.37±0.06, 7.87±0.06, 20.10±0.15 mg kg-1 respectively) with P and K concentrations of 0.026±0.0002 & 0.28±0.001% respectively. Significant difference in leaf and soil Zn content was also recorded. The results indicated that yield and quality of Dashehari mango can be improved with foliar spray of Zn in sandy loam soil.","PeriodicalId":36766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Horticultural Sciences","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89198256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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