Journal of Membrane Science最新文献_第4页

Optimizing Mg2+/Li+ selectivity of nanofiltration membrane: synergistically modification on steric and Donnan exclusion 纳滤膜Mg2+/Li+选择性优化：空间位阻和Donnan阻的协同修饰

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Membrane Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125115

Youran Xu , Rukang Tian , Hao Zhang, Xiaowen Wu, Yunkun Wang

The transition to renewable energy and the pursuit of carbon neutrality have heightened the demand for lithium extraction from salt lake brines to ensure a sufficient lithium supply. Nanofiltration (NF) membranes offer an efficient method for solute sieving; however, achieving highly selective Mg²⁺/Li⁺ separation remains challenging due to their similar hydration radii. This study introduces a synergistic modification strategy to adjust the surface physicochemical properties of NF membranes through incorporation of a sodium alginate interlayer and post-treatment with piperazine. The resulting modifications improved Mg²⁺ selectivity by optimizing steric and Donnan exclusion mechanisms, achieved through a refined pore size distribution and reduced surface negative potential. Consequently, the modified membrane exhibited an outstanding Mg/Li selectivity factor (>100), with Mg²⁺ rejection efficiency exceeding 98 %. The membrane also demonstrated stable performance under mixed feed conditions with high total dissolved solids (TDS, 2000 ppm) and low Li⁺ concentration (100 MgCl₂/LiCl mass ratio). This study provides a facile and effective approach to enhance multiple exclusion mechanisms for Mg²⁺ separation, offering valuable insights into the design and fabrication of advanced NF membranes for efficient Mg/Li separation.

向可再生能源的过渡和对碳中和的追求提高了从盐湖盐水中提取锂的需求，以确保充足的锂供应。纳滤（NF）膜为溶质筛分提供了一种有效的方法；然而，由于它们的水合半径相似，实现高选择性的Mg2+/Li+分离仍然具有挑战性。本研究介绍了一种协同改性策略，通过加入海藻酸钠中间层和哌嗪后处理来调节纳滤膜的表面物理化学性质。所得到的修饰通过优化空间和Donnan排斥机制提高了Mg2+的选择性，通过优化孔径分布和降低表面负电位来实现。结果表明，改性膜具有优异的Mg/Li选择性因子（>100），对Mg2+的去除率超过98%。在高总溶解固体（TDS, 2000 ppm）和低Li+浓度（100 MgCl2/LiCl质量比）的混合进料条件下，膜也表现出稳定的性能。该研究提供了一种简单有效的方法来增强Mg2+分离的多种排斥机制，为设计和制造高效分离Mg/Li的高级NF膜提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Positively charged nanofiltration membrane with superior chemical stability for separation of dyes from salts 带正电的纳滤膜，具有优异的化学稳定性，用于染料和盐的分离

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Membrane Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125106

Lei Han , Yining Hou , Ruihang Zhang , Yang Liu , Yan Xiong , Hao-Ran Zuo , Ming Duan

Membranes constructed via C–C bond formation exhibit superior chemical resistance compared to conventional polyamide (PA) membranes of which the performance often deteriorates under extreme pH conditions, making them promising candidates for dye wastewater treatment. In this study, we developed a novel positively charged nanofiltration (NF) membrane, denoted as PCNM, through redox-initiated interfacial free-radical polymerization. Quaternary ammonium groups were introduced to impart a stable positive charge, significantly enhancing dye separation performance. Membrane morphology and surface roughness were characterized using SEM and AFM. The PCNM membrane demonstrated exceptional rejection (>99 %) for all tested cationic dyes, including Crystal violet (CV), Brilliant green (BG), Methylene blue (MEB), and Safranine O (SO) with an outstanding separation factor of 736.6 (CV over Na–SO₄). Notably, it retained 99 % rejection against CV after 48-h exposure to 2000 ppm NaClO (96,000 ppm h), highlighting its outstanding chlorine resistance. Furthermore, the membrane exhibited remarkable pH stability, maintaining 99 % rejection against CV after 24-h immersion in 1 mol/L H₂SO₄ and 1 mol/L NaOH, respectively. Consequently, this work presents a new strategy for fabricating high-performance positively charged NF membranes via interfacial free-radical polymerization, with significant potential for industrial dye wastewater treatment.

与传统聚酰胺（PA）膜相比，通过C-C键形成的膜具有优越的耐化学性，而传统聚酰胺（PA）膜的性能在极端pH条件下经常恶化，使其成为染料废水处理的有希望的候选者。在这项研究中，我们通过氧化还原引发的界面自由基聚合，开发了一种新型带正电的纳滤膜，称为PCNM。引入季铵基团使染料具有稳定的正电荷，显著提高了染料的分离性能。利用扫描电镜和原子力显微镜对膜的形貌和表面粗糙度进行了表征。PCNM膜对所有测试的阳离子染料，包括结晶紫（CV）、亮绿（BG）、亚甲基蓝（MEB）和橘红色O (SO)，具有优异的分离因子736.6 (CV / Na-SO4)，具有优异的去除率（> 99%）。值得注意的是，在暴露于2000 ppm NaClO (96,000 ppm h) 48小时后，它对CV的去除率为99%，突出了其出色的耐氯性。此外，该膜在1 mol/L H2SO4和1 mol/L NaOH中浸泡24 h后，对CV的去除率达到99%。因此，这项工作提出了一种通过界面自由基聚合制备高性能正电纳滤膜的新策略，在工业染料废水处理中具有重要的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

One-step fabrication of multifunctional superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic cotton fabrics for efficient oil/water separation and a rapid photo-Fenton catalytic degradation of organic pollutants 一步法制备多功能超亲水/水下超疏油棉织物，用于高效油水分离和快速光- fenton催化降解有机污染物

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Membrane Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125101

Xing'er Jijue , Shiyu Wang , Fazli Wahid , Xuezhi Dai , Qiang Tian

The discharge of oily contaminated water is causing severe environmental harm, highlighting the urgent need to develop cost-effective materials for the extensive treatment of marine oil spills and industrial wastewater. Superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic membranes have emerged as a promising technology owing to their potential in treating oily wastewater. However, these membranes still face challenges in the efficient removal of organic pollutants from oily wastewater. To address this, a one-step modification method was employed to functionalize cotton fabrics (CF) using iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₂O₃-NPs). The process involved treating CF with an iron precursor solution at 120 °C for 4 h, resulting in a multifunctional membrane with superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic properties. The as-prepared composite membrane demonstrated highly efficient degradation of organic dyes (99.5 %) within 8 min by a heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalytic reaction. It also achieved effective oil/water separation, exhibiting a high flux of 28,680 Lm⁻²h⁻¹, and a separation efficiency of 99.7 %. Furthermore, the membrane showed excellent reusability, stability under harsh environments, and notable antifouling properties. By integrating rapid photocatalytic degradation with efficient oil/water separation, this study represents a significant step toward the development of multifunctional membranes for complex wastewater remediation.

含油污水的排放造成了严重的环境危害，迫切需要开发具有成本效益的材料来广泛处理海洋溢油和工业废水。超亲水/水下超疏油膜因其在含油废水处理方面的潜力而成为一种很有前途的技术。然而，这些膜在有效去除含油废水中的有机污染物方面仍然面临挑战。为了解决这一问题，采用氧化铁纳米颗粒（Fe2O3-NPs）一步改性棉织物（CF）。该工艺包括用铁前驱体溶液在120°C下处理CF 4小时，得到具有超亲水性和水下超疏油性能的多功能膜。制备的复合膜在8 min内通过非均相光- fenton催化反应对有机染料的降解率达到99.5%。它还实现了有效的油水分离，具有28,680 Lm−2h−1的高通量和99.7%的分离效率。此外，该膜具有良好的可重复使用性，在恶劣环境下的稳定性和显著的防污性能。通过将快速光催化降解与高效油水分离相结合，本研究代表了多功能膜用于复杂废水修复的重要一步。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic photothermal-osmotic energy harvesting via hierarchical Ti4O7/cellulose membrane for solar-powered freshwater-electricity cogeneration 层次化Ti4O7/纤维素膜协同光热渗透能量收集用于太阳能淡水-电力热电联产

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Membrane Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125116

Xiang Liu , Mingxue Xiang , Peiduo Zhao , Zhixin Wang , Yu Wang

Osmotic energy is a promising clean and sustainable resource for osmotic power generation. However, scaling up reverse electrodialysis technology for osmotic energy harvesting is constrained by limited output power density, primarily due to the dependence of passive ion transport on the concentration gradient. Interfacial solar evaporators yield freshwater and highly concentrated brine. But inevitable heat losses reduce the solar energy utilization efficiency. This study was to construct a multilayer mesh composite membrane with tunable pore sizes via Ti₄O₇ ceramic fibers and nanocellulose fibers, which adaptable to varying salt concentration environments. Solar radiation can be introduced for seawater desalination coupled with the osmotic energy conversion process to achieve more efficient solar energy utilization. The nanoconfined domains within the multilayer composite membrane enable an efficient interfacial solar water evaporation at a rate of 5.97 kg m⁻² h⁻¹. The effective utilization of heat conduction energy losses elevates the osmosis power generation density to 7.60 W m⁻², which is increased by 198 % compared to conventional device models. This provides a novel design approach for applying ceramic fibers in osmosis power generation and for developing efficient, integrated freshwater-electricity cogeneration systems.

渗透能是一种很有前途的清洁、可持续的渗透发电资源。然而，扩大渗透能量收集的反电渗析技术受到有限的输出功率密度的限制，主要是由于被动离子输运对浓度梯度的依赖。界面太阳能蒸发器产生淡水和高浓度盐水。但不可避免的热损失降低了太阳能的利用效率。本研究以Ti4O7陶瓷纤维和纳米纤维素纤维为材料，构建可适应不同盐浓度环境的孔径可调的多层网状复合膜。海水淡化可引入太阳辐射，结合渗透能转换过程，实现更高效的太阳能利用。多层复合膜内的纳米限制域使界面太阳能水蒸发效率达到5.97 kg m−2 h−1。热传导能量损失的有效利用将渗透发电密度提高到7.60 W m−2，比传统器件模型提高了198%。这为将陶瓷纤维应用于渗透发电和开发高效的综合淡水-电力热电联产系统提供了一种新的设计方法。

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引用次数: 0

Low-cost image-based monitoring to assess spatial and temporal biofouling dynamics in high-pressure membranes 低成本的基于图像的监测，以评估高压膜的空间和时间生物污染动力学

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Membrane Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125114

A. Mitranescu, A. Steger, A. Sudjito, J.E. Drewes

Understanding the development of biofouling on the surface of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes is crucial for a safe and reliable operation of membrane systems. Current monitoring techniques however either cannot account for detailed temporal or spatial fouling trends (e.g., feed channel pressure drop,

F C P D

) or involve elevated cost and manual data post-processing (e.g., optical coherence tomography). In order to complement existing methods, we developed a low-cost and easy-to-use optical system for biofouling monitoring based on a consumer-grade DSLR camera equipped with a macro lens and freely available post-processing software. Applying our system in accelerated biofouling tests, we demonstrated that it allows for visual detection of incipient biofouling and qualitative real-time assessment of spatial biofilm growth patterns. We calculated the Pixel Intensity Difference

Δ_{P I}

, a quantitative image-based proxy for biofouling, and demonstrated that it captures temporal biofouling dynamics, particularly the early biofilm growth that is hardly detected by

F C P D

. However, being limited to 2D top view planar images,

Δ_{P I}

only partially discerns 3D biofilm growth in later biofouling stages. Additionally, our optical system enabled quantitative spatial fouling characterization, from in-detail assessment of minute pixel clusters to comparison of magnitude and temporal trends of biofouling in feed channel subsections. Biofilm growth was found to be substantially stronger on the feed spacer than on the free membrane surface. We share technical information on our system (e.g., drawings, code) so that further research can benefit from this affordable and easy-to-use method for image-based biofouling investigation in lab-scale and full-scale settings.

了解反渗透和纳滤膜表面生物污染的发展对膜系统的安全可靠运行至关重要。然而，目前的监测技术要么不能解释详细的时间或空间污染趋势（例如，进气通道压降，FCPD），要么涉及成本较高和手动数据后处理（例如，光学相干断层扫描）。为了补充现有的方法，我们开发了一种低成本和易于使用的生物污垢监测光学系统，该系统基于配备微距镜头和免费后处理软件的消费级单反相机。将我们的系统应用于加速生物结垢测试中，我们证明了它可以视觉检测早期生物结垢，并对空间生物膜生长模式进行定性实时评估。我们计算了像素强度差ΔPI，这是一种定量的基于图像的生物污垢代理，并证明它捕获了时间生物污垢动态，特别是FCPD很难检测到的早期生物膜生长。然而，由于受限于2D俯视图平面图像，ΔPI只能部分识别后期生物污染阶段的3D生物膜生长。此外，我们的光学系统实现了定量的空间污垢表征，从微小像素簇的详细评估到饲料通道亚段生物污垢的大小和时间趋势的比较。生物膜在饲料间隔层上的生长明显强于在自由膜表面上的生长。我们在我们的系统上共享技术信息（例如，图纸，代码），以便进一步的研究可以从这种经济实惠且易于使用的方法中受益，用于实验室规模和全尺寸设置的基于图像的生物污垢调查。

{"title":"Low-cost image-based monitoring to assess spatial and temporal biofouling dynamics in high-pressure membranes","authors":"A. Mitranescu, A. Steger, A. Sudjito, J.E. Drewes","doi":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the development of biofouling on the surface of reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes is crucial for a safe and reliable operation of membrane systems. Current monitoring techniques however either cannot account for detailed temporal or spatial fouling trends (e.g., feed channel pressure drop, <span><math><mrow><mi>F</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span>) or involve elevated cost and manual data post-processing (e.g., optical coherence tomography). In order to complement existing methods, we developed a low-cost and easy-to-use optical system for biofouling monitoring based on a consumer-grade DSLR camera equipped with a macro lens and freely available post-processing software. Applying our system in accelerated biofouling tests, we demonstrated that it allows for visual detection of incipient biofouling and qualitative real-time assessment of spatial biofilm growth patterns. We calculated the Pixel Intensity Difference <span><math><mrow><msub><mo>Δ</mo><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, a quantitative image-based proxy for biofouling, and demonstrated that it captures temporal biofouling dynamics, particularly the early biofilm growth that is hardly detected by <span><math><mrow><mi>F</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>P</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow></math></span>. However, being limited to 2D top view planar images, <span><math><mrow><msub><mo>Δ</mo><mrow><mi>P</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span> only partially discerns 3D biofilm growth in later biofouling stages. Additionally, our optical system enabled quantitative spatial fouling characterization, from in-detail assessment of minute pixel clusters to comparison of magnitude and temporal trends of biofouling in feed channel subsections. Biofilm growth was found to be substantially stronger on the feed spacer than on the free membrane surface. We share technical information on our system (e.g., drawings, code) so that further research can benefit from this affordable and easy-to-use method for image-based biofouling investigation in lab-scale and full-scale settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":368,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Membrane Science","volume":"741 ","pages":"Article 125114"},"PeriodicalIF":9.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145920744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic multi-sized zirconia filling enables structure–property optimization of polysulfone composite membranes for alkaline water electrolysis 协同多尺寸氧化锆填充可优化碱性电解用聚砜复合膜的结构性能

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Membrane Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125098

Mengzhuo Du , Yaran Du , Jinchen Hu , Maliang Zhang , Kunmei Su , Fan Yang , Xi Du , YuanWei Yan , Zhenhuan Li

The process of alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) has been acknowledged as a clean and energy-efficient route for large-scale hydrogen production, contributing significantly to the development of sustainable energy systems. Among the various components involved in water electrolysis for hydrogen production, the membrane serves as a vital element that largely determines the system’s efficiency and overall performance. Commercial composite membrane currently faces challenges including low bubble point pressure (BPP), high surface resistance, susceptibility to zirconia (ZrO₂) shedding, suboptimal pore structure, and poor conductivity. This study employed a combined hot-pressing and phase-transition precipitation method to fabricate a composite membrane with a thickness of 370 ± 3 μm. A multi-size ZrO₂ particle co-filling strategy was utilized to regulate the pore structure of polysulfone (PSF) composite membrane. Following particle combination regulation of the filled Zr-152 diaphragm, the current density achieved 0.9 A cm⁻² at 2.0 V under 30 wt% and 80 °C potassium hydroxide (KOH) electrolyte conditions. At this current density, the electrolytically generated hydrogen exhibits a purity of 99.95 %, with surface resistance reducing to 0.157 Ω cm². BPP reaches 3.37 bar, and this composite separator demonstrates the continuous electrolytic stability. The results demonstrate that a multi-sized ZrO₂ filling strategy outperforms single-size fillers by forming hierarchical pores and robust adhesion, reducing particle loss and resistance growth while delivering gas-tight, long-term performance for alkaline water electrolysis.

碱性电解（AWE）工艺已被公认为大规模制氢的清洁和节能途径，对可持续能源系统的发展做出了重大贡献。在水电解制氢的各种组件中，膜是决定系统效率和整体性能的重要组成部分。商用复合膜目前面临的挑战包括低泡点压力（BPP）、高表面电阻、易受氧化锆（ZrO2）脱落、次优孔隙结构和导电性差。采用热压与相变相结合的方法制备了厚度为370±3 μm的复合膜。采用多尺寸ZrO2颗粒共填充策略调控聚砜（PSF）复合膜的孔隙结构。通过对填充的Zr-152隔膜进行粒子组合调节，在30 wt%和80°C氢氧化钾（KOH）电解质条件下，电流密度在2.0 V下达到0.9 A cm - 2。在此电流密度下，电解生成的氢纯度为99.95%，表面电阻降至0.157 Ω cm2。BPP达到3.37 bar，具有连续电解稳定性。结果表明，多尺寸ZrO2填充策略优于单尺寸填料，可以形成分层孔隙和强大的附附性，减少颗粒损失和阻力增长，同时提供气密，长期的碱性电解性能。

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引用次数: 0

Scalable colloid-milling preparation of NiFe-LDH for composite membranes achieving balanced hydroxide ion conductivity and gas-blocking performance in alkaline water electrolysis 可扩展的胶体磨法制备NiFe-LDH复合膜，在碱性电解中实现氢氧离子电导率和阻气性能的平衡

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Membrane Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125102

Qihan Xia , Hao Cai , Xinyang Zhao , Sheng Guo , Wendong Liu , Linyi Zhao , Min Liu , Xuesong Zhang , Liming Jin , Cunman Zhang , Zhen Geng

The organic-inorganic composite membranes for alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) require both high hydroxide ion conductivity and effective gas-blocking performance. Traditional zirconia (ZrO₂) inorganic fillers often exhibit insufficient hydrophilicity, limiting the membrane performance. To address this issue, nickel–iron layered double hydroxide (NiFe-LDH) has been introduced to improve the hydrophilicity of the membrane. However, NiFe-LDH prepared by conventional coprecipitation and hydrothermal methods suffer from uneven nanoparticle size distribution and severe agglomeration, resulting in disordered pore structure and poor gas-blocking performance. In this study, the colloid milling method is used to synthesize NiFe-LDH nanoparticles, while the polar solvent formamide is introduced to further control the nanoparticle size. By regulating the relationship between formamide concentration and nanoparticle morphology, NiFe-LDH nanoparticles with reduced particle size and uniform dispersion were obtained, while maintaining scalable production potential. It further shows the synergistic performance enhancement of composite membranes in hydroxide ion conductivity (0.142 Ω cm²) and gas-blocking performance (11.2 bar) by using uniform NiFe-LDH nanoparticle fillers. Besides, the membrane maintains the stable electrolytic cell performance of 1.73 V at 500 mA cm⁻² for over 650 h. It shows the strong potentials of NiFe-LDH nanoparticles scalable preparation by colloid milling, and the high-performance LDH-based composite membrane applications for advanced AWE systems.

用于碱性电解的有机-无机复合膜要求具有较高的氢氧离子导电性和有效的阻气性能。传统的氧化锆（ZrO2）无机填料往往亲水性不足，限制了膜的性能。为了解决这一问题，引入了镍铁层状双氢氧化物（NiFe-LDH）来改善膜的亲水性。然而，采用常规共沉淀法和水热法制备的NiFe-LDH存在纳米颗粒尺寸分布不均匀、团聚严重的问题，导致孔隙结构紊乱，阻气性能较差。在本研究中，采用胶体研磨法合成了NiFe-LDH纳米颗粒，同时引入极性溶剂甲酰胺进一步控制纳米颗粒的大小。通过调节甲酰胺浓度与纳米颗粒形态的关系，获得了粒径减小、分散均匀的nfe - ldh纳米颗粒，同时保持了规模化生产的潜力。结果表明，采用均匀的NiFe-LDH纳米颗粒填料，复合膜在氢氧离子电导率（0.142 Ω cm2）和阻气性能（11.2 bar）方面具有协同增强作用。此外，该膜在500 mA cm−2条件下保持1.73 V的稳定电解性能超过650 h。这表明，通过胶体铣削制备NiFe-LDH纳米颗粒以及高性能ldh复合膜在先进AWE系统中的应用具有强大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Bridged organosilica membranes with precisely tailored microstructure for efficient pervaporation purification of organic solvents 桥接有机硅膜精确定制的微观结构，有效的渗透蒸发净化有机溶剂

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Membrane Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125110

Wenlu Song, Meng Guo, Junzhu Chen, Ting Qi, Xiuxiu Ren, Dongliang Jin, Jing Zhong

Dimethyl carbonate (DMC), as an environmentally friendly green chemical, has been widely used in industrial, pharmaceutical, and food applications. However, the utilization of methanol (MeOH) in its production process leads to the formation of azeotropic mixtures that are difficult to be separated. Similarly, this problem also presents a critical challenge in toluene (TOL) production process. Pervaporation technology has emerged as an effective solution to this challenge, due to its characteristics of energy-efficient and high-performance. Nevertheless, the development of membrane materials that simultaneously exhibit high flux and excellent selectivity remains a significant challenge. In this study, bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane (BTESE) was employed as a precursor to fabricate organosilica membranes by adjusting the H₂O/BTESE molar ratio, and their separation performance for MeOH/DMC and MeOH/TOL systems was systematically investigated. The results illustrated that the optimized BTESE membrane exhibits outstanding pervaporation performance, achieving separation factor of 1868/113 and high fluxes of 2.12/1.55 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ for MeOH/TOL and MeOH/DMC mixtures, respectively. Further studies reveal that membrane performance is closely correlated with the H₂O/BTESE ratios, and tuning the molecular sieving properties effectively balances flux and separation factor. Additionally, gas permeation experiments elucidate the mass transfer mechanisms of organic solvent molecules in the membranes, providing theoretical guidance for the design of high-performance organosilica membranes. This study offers an energy-efficient membrane-based solution for methanol separation in MeOH/DMC and MeOH/TOL mixtures.

碳酸二甲酯（DMC）作为一种绿色环保化学品，在工业、医药、食品等领域有着广泛的应用。然而，在其生产过程中甲醇（MeOH）的使用导致形成难以分离的共沸混合物。同样，这个问题也是甲苯（TOL）生产过程中的一个关键挑战。渗透蒸发技术因其节能、高性能的特点而成为解决这一挑战的有效方法。然而，开发同时具有高通量和优异选择性的膜材料仍然是一个重大挑战。本研究以双（三乙氧基硅基）乙烷（BTESE）为前驱体，通过调整H2O/BTESE的摩尔比制备了有机硅膜，并系统地研究了其对MeOH/DMC和MeOH/TOL体系的分离性能。结果表明，优化后的BTESE膜具有良好的渗透蒸发性能，对MeOH/TOL和MeOH/DMC混合物的分离系数分别达到1868/113和2.12/1.55 kg m−2 h−1。进一步的研究表明，膜性能与水/BTESE比密切相关，调节分子筛性能可以有效地平衡通量和分离因子。此外，气体渗透实验阐明了有机溶剂分子在膜中的传质机理，为高性能有机二氧化硅膜的设计提供理论指导。本研究为MeOH/DMC和MeOH/TOL混合物的甲醇分离提供了一种节能的膜基解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Carbon nanotube-induced fabrication of ultrathin, high-crystallinity covalent organic framework membranes for desalination 碳纳米管诱导制备脱盐用超薄、高结晶度共价有机框架膜

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Membrane Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125104

Lixuan Liu , Sheng Yuan , Yanxiong Ren , Qianfeng Pan , Quan Zhao , Jingqi Fu , Jinyue Wang , Wenjie Chen , Ziheng Song , Hanze Ma , Yuao Dong , Fusheng Pan , Guangwei He , Zhongyi Jiang

Despite growing interest in covalent organic framework (COF) membranes for pervaporation desalination, fabricating ultrathin, defect-free COF membranes remains a challenge. In this study, a carbon nanotube (CNT)-induced in situ solvothermal strategy is developed to fabricate defect-free COF membranes with high crystallinity and an ultralow thickness of about 40.8 nm, enabling efficient pervaporation desalination. The CNTs serve a template role by providing abundant nucleation sites and engaging in π-π stacking with COF monomers, leading to the growth of the COF selective layer. The resulting membrane exhibits an outstanding water flux exceeding 300 kg m⁻² h⁻¹ with a salt rejection over 99.9 %. The membrane maintains stable performance over 120 h of continuous operation. Furthermore, this strategy demonstrates broad applicability across diverse COF systems, thereby providing a scalable and versatile platform for developing high-performance desalination membranes.

尽管人们对用于渗透蒸发脱盐的共价有机框架（COF）膜越来越感兴趣，但制造超薄、无缺陷的COF膜仍然是一个挑战。在本研究中，开发了碳纳米管（CNT）诱导的原位溶剂热策略，以制备具有高结晶度和约40.8 nm的超低厚度的无缺陷COF膜，从而实现高效的渗透蒸发脱盐。CNTs通过提供丰富的成核位点并与COF单体进行π-π堆叠，从而起到模板作用，导致COF选择层的生长。得到的膜表现出优异的水通量，超过300 kg m−2 h−1，盐的去除率超过99.9%。膜在连续运行120小时内保持稳定的性能。此外，该策略在不同的COF系统中具有广泛的适用性，从而为开发高性能脱盐膜提供了可扩展和通用的平台。

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引用次数: 0

Continuous hydrogel architecture inside and outside nanochannels: Bridging internal-external ion transport for low-resistance osmotic energy harvesting 纳米通道内外的连续水凝胶结构：桥接低阻力渗透能量收集的内外离子传输

IF 9 1区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Journal of Membrane Science

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2025.125111

Rongzhe Nie, Chengfu Zhong, Qimin Yuan, Yu Dai, Fan Xia, Xiaojin Zhang

Osmotic energy from salinity gradients is a promising sustainable and clean energy source. Traditional nanofluidic membranes used for salinity gradient energy conversion face an intrinsic compromise between structural stability (achieved by intra-channel confinement) and low resistance (requiring extra-channel ion acceleration). Here, we propose a hybrid (FEH@AAO) membrane with fully encapsulated hydrogel (FEH) onto porous anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) nanochannels that integrates rigid nanochannel confinement with an external hydrogel ion diffusion network. The hydrogel grows continuously inside and outside AAO nanochannels, while inhibiting swelling deformation (enhancing mechanical robustness) and reducing mass transfer resistance (acting as an “ion accelerator”). Under a 50-fold NaCl gradient, FEH@AAO membrane achieves a power density of 8.84 W/m², which is 28 % higher than traditional designs. The internal resistance has decreased by 35 %. In a natural seawater/river water mixture, it maintains ∼90 % power output over 7 days, outperforming most reported membranes. This work presents a structural optimization strategy that, by optimizing mass transfer outside nanochannels, achieves low ion transport resistance and exceptional long-term structural integrity for osmotic energy conversion.

盐度梯度渗透能是一种很有前途的可持续清洁能源。用于盐度梯度能量转换的传统纳米流体膜面临着结构稳定性（通过通道内约束实现）和低阻力（需要通道外离子加速）之间的内在妥协。在这里，我们提出了一种混合膜（FEH@AAO），将完全封装的水凝胶（FEH）涂在多孔阳极氧化铝（AAO）纳米通道上，将刚性纳米通道约束与外部水凝胶离子扩散网络相结合。水凝胶在AAO纳米通道内外连续生长，同时抑制膨胀变形（增强机械稳健性）并降低传质阻力（起到“离子加速器”的作用）。在50倍NaCl梯度下，FEH@AAO膜的功率密度达到8.84 W/m2，比传统设计高28%。内阻降低了35%。在天然海水/河水混合物中，它在7天内保持约90%的功率输出，优于大多数报道的膜。这项工作提出了一种结构优化策略，通过优化纳米通道外的传质，实现低离子传输阻力和渗透能量转换的特殊长期结构完整性。

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