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Philosophical analysis of theory x and y 对x理论和y理论的哲学分析
Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.24200/jmas.vol8iss2pp44-48
K. Daneshfard, Samira Soheili Rad
Objective: The historical context management can be examined, such as the Pyramids of Egypt management, control and communication practices in the ancient Roman Empire and the legal framework of trade in the fourteenth century Venice followed. Methodology: Nevertheless, Iranians, Chinese, German and some other relatives insights and attitudes of the past have chosen in this area, but major changes in management during the Industrial Revolution came expecting. The world in the seventeenth century, the era of social upheaval when the thirteen American colonies broke away from Britain and the United States formed the crucial transformations spent. In this period of rapid population growth created fairs and supply of consumer goods.  Results: The It was during this period that extends mass production methods Adam Smith (based on the division of labor and specialization in the pin factory) industry took a big turn in such a way that its effects are still seen in how often business organizations be. For example, Henry Ford in the early twentieth century by mass production in automotive manufacturing were achieved legendary success.  Conclusion: Although this effect is limited to the amount of released McGregor at the time of his life, but he still is important. His classic study on the topic and motivated work, reflecting his main concern in the mid and late 1960s, when the one-dimensional organizations were at the peak. Public criticism of the theory of X and Y is that they are very exclusive.
目的:历史背景管理可以检查,如埃及金字塔在古罗马帝国的管理,控制和通信实践和14世纪威尼斯贸易的法律框架遵循。方法论:尽管如此,伊朗人、中国人、德国人和其他一些亲戚过去的见解和态度都选择了这一领域,但工业革命期间管理的重大变化是意料之中的。世界在十七世纪,社会动荡的时代,当美国的13个殖民地脱离英国和美国形成了至关重要的变革度过。在这一时期,人口的快速增长创造了集市和消费品的供应。结果:正是在这一时期,亚当·斯密(Adam Smith)推广了大规模生产方法(基于大头针工厂的劳动分工和专业化),工业发生了巨大的转变,其影响仍然体现在商业组织的频繁程度上。例如,亨利·福特在二十世纪初靠大规模生产的汽车制造取得了传奇性的成功。结论:虽然这种影响仅限于麦格雷戈在他一生中释放的量,但他仍然是重要的。他对主题和激励工作的经典研究,反映了他在20世纪60年代中后期的主要关注,当时一维组织正处于顶峰。公众对X和Y理论的批评是它们非常排外。
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引用次数: 4
Predicting the consumer guilt-based purchasing behavior (A Case Study of Shopping Centers in Almaty) 基于负罪感的消费者购买行为预测(以阿拉木图购物中心为例)
Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.24200/JMAS.VOL8ISS2PP%P
Nurakhova Botagoz, Serikkyzy Mira, Baizhaxynova Gulshat, Duisebayeva Aizhan, Manap Almagul
Sometimes, consumer feels unpleasant and unusual after consuming and even after not consuming and explores himself about his behavior when purchasing or non-purchasing, and compares the behavior with ethical principles and social norms. Eventually he feels regret, this sense of regret provides the basis for the emergence of coping responses to modify purchasing behavior. In this study, consumer guilt was selected that is the result of violating social norms, internal failure, unjustified excessive consuming, lack of self-control, as well as consuming for fun and enjoyment, it was implemented among the consumers' community referring to Almaty Metropolitan Shopping Centers using the structural equation method (SEM). Data were collected using standard questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS and Amos software. There was a positive and significant relationship between guilt and purchasing, non-purchasing, violating norms, self-blame and hedonism. There was also a positive and significant relationship between guilt and coping responses and predicting future purchasing behaviors. Also, in the final model of research, purchase for hedonism and fun had the most impact on the consumer guilt.
有时,消费者在消费后甚至不消费后感到不愉快和不寻常,并对自己在购买或不购买时的行为进行自我探索,并将行为与道德原则和社会规范进行比较。最终他感到后悔,这种后悔的感觉为应对反应的出现提供了基础,从而改变了购买行为。本研究选取违反社会规范、内在失败、不合理的过度消费、缺乏自我控制、以及为了娱乐和享受而消费的消费者内疚感,以阿拉木图都市购物中心为样本,采用结构方程法(SEM)在消费者群体中实施。采用标准问卷收集数据,采用SPSS和Amos软件进行分析。内疚感与购买、不购买、违反规范、自责和享乐主义之间存在显著正相关。内疚感与应对反应、预测未来购买行为之间存在显著正相关。此外,在最后的研究模型中,享乐主义和娱乐购买对消费者内疚感的影响最大。
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引用次数: 1
The Relationship Between the Quality of Hospital Information Systems and User Trust 医院信息系统质量与用户信任的关系
Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.24200/jmas.vol6iss04pp24-28
Zahra MaeboodMojdehi, A. Nasiripour, P. Raeissi
Objective: In the much complex and dynamic system of health, the smallest difference in services leads to increase in customer demand. Medical centers and hospitals need to expand internet and Application Service Providing (ASP) and to convert that in to a competitive, long-lasting choice. The present study was carried out with the aim of determining the relationship between the quality of service providing software systems and customer Trust in selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences using similar hospital information systems. Methodology: This research is a correlation, descriptive analysis. The statistical group includes employees in the hospital revenue and clearance unit and the study was carried out through census and using questionnaire. To analyze the data, SPSS software was used and in addition to descriptive statistics of: frequency distribution and mean tables, inferential statistics like KS and Pearson tests were used. Results: With a 95% trust level one can conclude from this study that there is a meaningful relationship between the quality of service providing software programs with customer trust in the selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. Also, the results showed that the intensity of the relationship between trust and other variables of service quality, system quality and information quality is 0.835, 0.732 and 0.703 respectively (P<.05). Conclusion: Although all variables have positive and meaningful relationship with customer trust, their average is less than moderate limit so with regard to the meaningful relationship but less than average of the research variables, the managers in the field of health are advised to consider these issues in their management methods.
目的:在非常复杂和动态的健康系统中,最小的服务差异导致客户需求的增加。医疗中心和医院需要扩展互联网和应用程序服务提供(ASP),并将其转化为具有竞争力的长期选择。本研究的目的是确定服务质量之间的关系,提供软件系统和客户信任在选定的医院德黑兰医科大学使用类似的医院信息系统。研究方法:本研究采用相关性、描述性分析。统计组为医院收入和清查部门的员工,采用普查和问卷调查的方式进行研究。使用SPSS软件进行数据分析,除使用频率分布和均值表的描述性统计外,还使用KS检验和Pearson检验等推理统计。结果:在95%的信任水平下,我们可以从本研究中得出结论,在德黑兰医科大学选定的医院中,提供软件程序的服务质量与客户信任之间存在有意义的关系。结果表明,信任与服务质量、系统质量和信息质量等变量的关系强度分别为0.835、0.732和0.703 (P< 0.05)。结论:虽然所有变量对顾客信任都有正向的、有意义的关系,但它们的平均值小于中等限度,所以对于研究变量的有意义关系但小于平均值,建议健康领域的管理者在管理方法中考虑这些问题。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting Job Performance Based on Knowledge Management 基于知识管理的工作绩效预测
Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.24200/jmas.vol8iss4pp34-38
Ebrahim Alijanzadeh, A. Razavi, Safiyeh T Ahmasebi Limuni
The objective of this research is to predict job performance based on knowledge management. The methodology of this research was applied according to its objective and descriptive-correlational based on the execution method. The statistical population of this research is all the librarians from public libraries of Mazandaran province with 265 members by full-census manner. 179 questionnaires were turned back. The research tool was Hosseinzadeh (2019) personal knowledge management questionnaire and Hosseini job performance questionnaire (2013). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used to estimate the face and content validity, and reliability of the questionnaire was estimated according to professors and specialists’ ideas which were obtained higher than 0.7 in all questionnaires. Data was analyzed using SPSS 18 software. The results of this research showed that the components of knowledge management have a positive and significant effect on job performance (P<0.01). Moreover, 37.6% of changes caused by job performance are predicted by the components of knowledge management. According to the obtained results, some suggestions are offered to improve the research variables.
本研究的目的是基于知识管理的工作绩效预测。本研究的方法是根据其目标和基于执行方法的描述相关性。本研究的统计人口为马赞达兰省公共图书馆的全部图书馆员,共265人。179份问卷被退回。研究工具为Hosseinzadeh(2019)个人知识管理问卷和Hosseini工作绩效问卷(2013)。采用Cronbach’s alpha系数估计问卷的面孔效度和内容效度,根据教授和专家的想法估计问卷的信度,所有问卷的信度都在0.7以上。数据分析采用SPSS 18软件。本研究结果显示,知识管理各要素对工作绩效有显著正向影响(P<0.01)。此外,37.6%的工作绩效变化是由知识管理的组成部分预测的。根据所得结果,提出了改进研究变量的建议。
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引用次数: 0
The trend of making cultural transformation in the community in terms of communication and according to the religion teaching 根据宗教教义,在社区中进行文化转型的趋势
Pub Date : 2020-09-29 DOI: 10.24200/jmas.vol7iss03pp5-10
M. Alizadeh, sahebeh mohammadian mansoor
Objective: In order to achieving the development, at first, we must be precisely defined this concept and identify its purpose. For preparing development path, it is essential a cultural transformation in the community. We have to understand the process of cultural transformation, at first, investigated to the experiences of the impact of communications technology on the culture field. Methodology: If communication initially cause a convergence wave in accordance to the opposition between social advantage and individual benefits, whatever decision makers carry out toward the dissemination of aim, public acceptance would gained, otherwise the communication project would be useless. In trying to create such a wave, the monotheism word recognition and fostering breath ethical aspects are two steps that between social interests and material interests of individuals establish unity and harmony. Transformation of Society would occur following the unity and harmony of the people world, the ideas world and the objects world with each other and with the aim of collection. In the most widespread of spiritual mode, the traits are under the control of the soul and all forces in society have the transcendental movement.  Results: With the fading of spiritual, the traits are dominated by wisdom, all forces are not on the move and their moving parts, as well as overall, is not in the transcendental. With the loss of spiritual, the traits dominated by instincts are torn of together and becomes dominant individualism, this is the same situation that history calls it the era of decadence. Conclusion: Of course, evolution, fertility and its compatibility with social-economic environment of contemporary period requires much time and effort. This researcher, while visiting the books, articles, magazines and journals that was somehow related to the issue, he is collecting literature and theoretical foundations in this context and then is used the method of inductive research.
目的:要实现发展,首先要对这一概念进行准确界定,明确其目的。要准备好发展道路,就必须进行社会的文化转型。我们要了解文化转型的过程,首先要考察到传播技术对文化领域影响的经验。方法论:如果传播一开始就按照社会利益和个人利益的对立,引起一种趋同的浪潮,那么无论决策者朝着传播的目标做什么,都能获得公众的接受,否则传播项目就是无用的。在试图创造这样一种浪潮的过程中,一神论的话语认同和呼吸伦理方面的培育是社会利益与个人物质利益之间建立统一与和谐的两个步骤。人的世界、思想的世界和物的世界相互统一和谐,以集合为目的,社会的转型就会发生。在最普遍的精神模式中,特质是由灵魂控制的,社会的一切力量都有超验运动。结果:随着灵性的消退,特质以智慧为主导,所有的力量都不在运动中,它们的运动部分以及整体都不在超然中。随着精神的丧失,以本能为主导的特质被撕裂在一起,成为占主导地位的个人主义,这与历史上称之为颓废时代的情况相同。结论:当然,进化、生育及其与当代社会经济环境的适应需要大量的时间和努力。该研究人员在访问与该问题有关的书籍,文章,杂志和期刊的同时,收集这方面的文献和理论基础,然后使用归纳研究的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of E-marketing using mobile in development of E-commerce 浅析电子商务发展中的移动网络营销
Pub Date : 2020-08-20 DOI: 10.24200/JMAS.VOL8ISS3PP%P
A. Ahmadzadeh
This study is conducted to investigate the relationship between auditor's specialization with information quality and investment efficiency. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between auditor's specialization in industry with information quality and investment efficiency. The temporal domain of this research is from the beginning of 2009 to the end of 2016. Since the results of this research can be used in developing laws and regulations of stock exchange, it is an applied research. Also, since this research seeks to find the relationship between several variables, it is a correlation type and its methodology is a comparative type. The statistical population in this research is 404 companies listed in Ajman Stock Exchange. The sampling method is systematic elimination that 84 companies were selected as sample. In order to calculate variables, test hypotheses, and perform other statistical tests, Limer, Hausman, Breusch-Pagan/Cook-Weisberg tests and Eviews software are used. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between the auditor's specialization and information quality of companies listed in Ajman Stock Exchange and there is a significant relationship between auditor's specialization and investment efficiency of companies listed in Ajman Stock Exchange.
随着互联网的发展和信息通信技术的进步,以及移动通信的快速发展和潜力的不断提升,移动通信已经成为一项新兴业务,成为一个具有巨大潜力的市场。换句话说,互联网的发展和创造了一个新的空间,导致了另一种营销类型的出现,即电子营销和电子商务,营销已经超越了网络空间和个人电脑(pc),随着移动设备的不断扩大,出现在手机上。无线通信技术的快速发展使商业和移动互联网比以往任何时候都更加渗透。在科技史上,没有任何一种现象具有无线技术的便利和关注。无线通信技术已经渗透到商业、营销等生活的各个方面和维度,在电子商务世界中创造了许多与客户建立人际关系的机会。全球移动用户数量已超过50亿。也许其中一个原因是,手机不再是一个用于交谈的设备,而是一种完成各种任务和活动的手段,例如玩耍、了解天气状况、查找路线和道路、访问社交媒体、听音乐、看电影和阅读新闻。移动促销在电子商务中发展迅速,出现了各种类型的移动促销。企业可以针对特定的受众,用户可以永久地访问这些受众,因为个人就像钱包一样永久地伴随着他们的手机。尽管具有优势,但手机推广仍面临许多障碍。在这些促销活动可能遇到的挑战和障碍中,人们可以参考消费者在进入其隐私方面的权利/权利,因为移动电话被视为个人隐私,因此在这方面应该小心。本文在第2节讨论和定义了网络营销的质量,在第3节提到了通过互联网通过手机进行营销和交易。第4节讨论了移动贸易的优势和潜力,第5节讨论了这种新技术遇到的障碍和挑战,最后在第6节介绍了社区成员接受移动营销的因素的概念模型。
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引用次数: 2
Investigating the relationship between independence and expertise of the Audit Committee manager with disclosure of intellectual capital of companies accepted in Tehran Stock Exchange 调查审计委员会经理的独立性和专业知识与德黑兰证券交易所上市公司智力资本披露之间的关系
Pub Date : 2019-08-11 DOI: 10.24200/jmas.vol5iss04pp74-78
R. Heydari, Samad Ayazi
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between independence and specialty of the director of the audit committee with the disclosure of intellectual capital of the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange. Methodology: The research method used is a descriptive correlational survey. The statistical sample of this study included 80 companies participated in the Tehran Stock Exchange and the method of systematic sampling was systematic. Results: The research data were collected in two ways: library and facsimile, and the tools used in T-Shirzad software and Comprehensive Information Bank of Tehran Stock Exchange. Also, for data analysis, data integration method using Eviews software has been used. Conclusion: The results showed that there is a significant relationship between independence and expertise of the director of the audit committee with the disclosure of intellectual capital in the companies admitted to Tehran Stock Exchange. 
本研究的目的是探讨审计委员会董事的独立性和专业性与德黑兰证券交易所上市公司智力资本披露的关系。研究方法:采用描述性相关调查法。本研究的统计样本包括德黑兰证券交易所参与的80家公司,系统抽样的方法是系统的。结果:采用图书馆和传真两种方式收集研究数据,工具为T-Shirzad软件和德黑兰证券交易所综合信息库。在数据分析方面,采用了Eviews软件的数据集成方法。结论:结果表明,在德黑兰证券交易所上市的公司中,审计委员会主任的独立性和专业知识与智力资本披露存在显著的关系。
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引用次数: 0
The relationship between corporate governance and value-added companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange 公司治理与德黑兰证券交易所上市增值公司的关系
Pub Date : 2019-08-11 DOI: 10.24200/jmas.vol5iss04pp24-29
Aiob Kami, A. Khamaki
One of the objectives of financial reporting is to provide information to investors, creditors and other current and potential users in decision-making related to investment and credit, and other decisions, be of benefit. This study examines the relationship between corporate governance and value-added companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange.Methodology: The research methodology was descriptive, correlational survey sample included a total of 94 listed companies in Tehran Stock Exchange company and the sampling study was a systematic elimination. The data was collected in two ways library and taking notes and tools used Tdbyrprdaz software and a comprehensive database of information for the stock. In order to analyze the data using the software panel approach has been used 8 Eviews.Results: The results showed that the duality Director and economic value of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange there is a significant relationship. The concentration of ownership and economic value of companies listed on Tehran Stock Exchange there is no significant relationship. Conclusion: Between managerial ownership and economic value of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange there is a significant relationship.
财务报告的目标之一是在与投资和信贷有关的决策以及其他有益的决策中向投资者、债权人和其他现有和潜在的使用者提供信息。本研究考察了公司治理与德黑兰证券交易所上市的增值公司之间的关系。方法:采用描述性研究方法,相关调查样本共包括94家德黑兰证券交易所上市公司,抽样研究采用系统剔除法。数据的收集方法有文库和笔记两种,工具采用了Tdbyrprdaz软件和一个综合性的库存资料数据库。为了使用软件面板分析数据,使用了8个Eviews。结果:结果表明,董事的二元性与德黑兰证券交易所上市公司的经济价值存在显著的关系。股权集中度与德黑兰证券交易所上市公司的经济价值之间不存在显著关系。结论:管理层持股与德黑兰证券交易所上市公司的经济价值之间存在显著关系。
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引用次数: 0
The effect of expectations distance from the responsibility attitude of auditing report by the credit experts and lack of repayment of granted facilities in the branches of Iran’s Keshavarzi Bank 期望距离对信贷专家审计报告责任态度和伊朗Keshavarzi银行分支机构贷款偿还不足的影响
Pub Date : 2019-08-11 DOI: 10.24200/jmas.vol5iss04pp35-43
Saeid Ebrahimipour Farasangi, Amirhossein Taebi Noghondari
In this research, it has been tried that the relation between the expectations distance from the attitude of auditing report responsibility by the credit experts and lack of repayment of granted facilities in the branches of Iran's Keshavarzi Bank to be studied. Methodology: With regard to this issue that the fundamental aim of Keshavarzi Bank is to supply the capital needed for development and constancy of agriculture section, the cheapest and most reliable source of supplying the financial needs is to collect the receivables namely the bank's demand from customers which is one of the important criteria in improvement of management performance too. One of the factors which is considered at the time of deciding for granting the facilities, is the auditing report of facilities demanders. The difference between the society's attitude to the independent auditors' responsibility and whatever that auditors do currently, causes to create the expectations distance from auditing report. In the event that this expectation distance of credit experts and authorities is more than the expected extent, it will be effective on lack of re-payment of granted facilities.Results: The findings of this survey research are according to the results gained from collecting 250 questionnaires from deciders and authorities of credits payment in the bank system. In this same line, we have tried to assess this relation by applying the statistics and information collected in time span of 2015. In this research, the linear regression at the level of 95% has been used. With regard to the gained results, it was specified that with increase of expectations distance from the responsibility attitude of auditing report by credit experts, lack of re-payment of granted facilities is increased which indicates the existence of direct relation between these two variables. Conclusion: Therefore, for promotion and improvement of profitability, the banks' managers should consider the components and dimensions of auditing report and the compilers of bank standards should have more regard to the concept of auditing report in the conceptual frame and propose it in more colorful form.
本研究试图研究伊朗Keshavarzi银行分支机构中信贷专家对审计报告责任态度的期望距离与授信贷款不偿还之间的关系。方法:关于这个问题,Keshavarzi银行的根本目的是为农业部门的发展和稳定提供所需的资金,提供资金需求的最便宜和最可靠的来源是收集应收账款,即银行对客户的需求,这也是改善管理绩效的重要标准之一。在决定是否提供设施时,考虑的因素之一是设施需求者的审计报告。社会对独立审计师责任的态度与目前审计师所做的事情之间的差异,导致了与审计报告之间的期望距离。如果信用专家和当局的这一预期距离超过了预期范围,就会对无法偿还贷款的情况产生影响。结果:本次调查研究的结果是根据对银行系统信贷支付决策人员和主管部门收集的250份问卷调查结果得出的。同样,我们试图通过应用2015年收集的统计数据和信息来评估这种关系。本研究采用95%水平的线性回归。所得结果表明,随着信贷专家对审计报告的责任态度的期望距离的增加,贷款不偿还的情况增加,这表明这两个变量之间存在直接关系。结论:因此,为了促进和提高银行的盈利能力,银行管理者应该考虑审计报告的构成和维度,银行准则的制定者应该更多地考虑概念框架中的审计报告概念,并以更丰富的形式提出审计报告。
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引用次数: 1
Prioritize the effective factors in maintenance staff knowledge of Universities 对高校维修人员知识的影响因素进行排序
Pub Date : 2019-08-11 DOI: 10.24200/jmas.vol5iss01pp1-6
Leila Hosseini Tabaghdehi
The main objective of this research is to prioritize in maintenance of knowledge- based staff of Islamic Azad University of Mazandaran province.Methodology:This study was descriptive that is done with survey method. The study population consisted of 1700 people that Among these people, 300 people stratified cluster random sampling were selected based on community. To ensure the validity and reliability of the data collected by the opinions of experts and Cronbach's alpha management (92/0) is used. The data according to the research objectives and were analyzed with SPSS software.Results:The results showed that compliance with an average score of 099/4 most important factors related to the reward system of science-based factors contributing to the maintenance staff was. Conclusion:Factors related to job design, with an average score 077/4, in partnership with the average score of 054/4, 044/4 feel significant difference between mean scores, competition system and the independence and freedom of action with an average score of 019/4 and motivational factors Average rating ranks next in importance were 902/3.
本研究的主要目的是在马赞达兰省伊斯兰阿扎德大学的知识型员工的维护优先级。研究方法:本研究采用描述性调查方法。研究人群共1700人,其中按社区分层整群随机抽样300人。为了保证专家意见收集数据的有效性和可靠性,采用Cronbach的alpha管理(92/0)。根据研究目的,采用SPSS软件对数据进行分析。结果:结果显示,对维修人员的依从性平均得分为099/4,是影响维修人员科学奖励制度的最重要因素。结论:与工作设计相关的因素,平均得分为077/4,与平均得分为054/4有合作关系,044/4认为平均得分、竞争制度和行动的独立性和自由性之间存在显著差异,平均得分为019/4,激励因素的重要性排名其次,平均评分为902/3。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of Management and Accounting Studies
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