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On the Dental BioTribology: Comparison of Zirconia/Zirconia and Zirconia/Natural Tooth Friction Coefficients by Using a Reciprocating Tribometer 牙齿生物摩擦学研究:用往复摩擦计比较氧化锆/氧化锆和氧化锆/天然牙齿摩擦系数
A. Ruggiero, R. D’Amato, L. Sbordone, F. Haro, A. Lanza
In recent years the interest of tribology applied to dentistry is taking on a large scale due to its rapid expansion and growth. Intensive experimental research conducted on dental tribology allows to develop a more detailed understanding of all the phenomena that take part in the phenomenon of tooth wear. The purpose of this work is to investigate tribological performances in the tooth-to-tooth contact and material-to-natural tooth contact (zirconia vs. zirconia and natural tooth vs. zirconia). The tribological tests were carried out by using a reciprocating tribometer under lubricated conditions (artificial saliva). The normal force in these tests was 20 N, and the duration was of 60 min. The stroke length was 2 mm, according to the range of displacement used in scientific literature. The wear mass loss evaluation was evaluated by using a gravimetric method. A topographic analysis was carried with a 3D non-contact optical profiler in order to characterize the wear mechanisms present in the worn surfaces after each of tribo-tests. The results show that the minimum value of the COF is obtained in the case of Zirconia vs. Zirconia tribo-couple, corresponding to 0.49±0.03. In the case of the tooth-tooth couple this value is 0.52 ±0.03. The results on the wear mass loss show a very low wear rate when coupling in tribological condition natural tooth with a ceramic restoration (a mean value of 0.5 mg was found). This rate is even lower when the contact is between two artificial zirconia teeth.
近年来,摩擦学在牙科领域的发展迅速,引起了广泛的关注。对牙齿摩擦学进行深入的实验研究,可以更详细地了解牙齿磨损现象的所有现象。这项工作的目的是研究牙齿与牙齿接触和材料与自然牙齿接触(氧化锆与氧化锆和自然牙齿与氧化锆)的摩擦学性能。在润滑条件下(人工唾液)使用往复式摩擦计进行摩擦学试验。这些试验的法向力为20牛,持续时间为60分钟,行程长度为2毫米,根据科学文献中使用的位移范围。用重量法对磨损质量损失进行了评价。使用三维非接触式光学剖面仪进行地形分析,以表征每次摩擦试验后磨损表面存在的磨损机制。结果表明,氧化锆对氧化锆摩擦偶的COF最小值为0.49±0.03;对于齿-齿耦合,该值为0.52±0.03。磨损质量损失的结果表明,在摩擦学条件下,天然牙与陶瓷修复体耦合时,磨损率非常低(平均值为0.5 mg)。当两颗人造氧化锆牙齿接触时,这一比率甚至更低。
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引用次数: 4
Methodology for Improvement in Energy Efficiency Training Programs in Professional Environments 在专业环境中改进能源效率培训计划的方法
F. Barrio, F. García-Peñalvo, M. Sein-Echaluce
The aim of this PhD proposal is to develop and test a new methodology to design a specific capacity-building program in energy efficiency for every organization, resulting in ad-hoc training adapted to the company's needs and opportunities. This methodology will be based on three pillars. The first one is, the Organizational/Human Centred Design that link knowledge transfer on energy efficiency with behavioural and organizational change models, second, the Active Peer-Based Flip Teaching to convert individual to organisational knowledge trying to improve results and promote new knowledge and resources generation. Last pillar is a personal learning environment applied on an online open access platform to support and host this knowledge and community. Two approaches are proposed for testing the methodology. General test, based on surveys and focus groups with key actors on the one hand; and sector test, based on real implementation in the agrofood sector employing the INDUCE European project which will create an open access platform and will test the methodology in 15 pilot companies from the food and beverage sector from Spain, Germany, the Netherlands and France.
这个博士提案的目的是开发和测试一种新的方法,为每个组织设计一个具体的能源效率能力建设项目,从而产生适应公司需求和机会的特别培训。这一方法将基于三个支柱。第一个是组织/以人为中心的设计,将能源效率的知识转移与行为和组织变革模型联系起来;第二个是积极的基于同伴的翻转教学,将个人知识转化为组织知识,试图改善结果,促进新知识和资源的产生。最后一个支柱是应用于在线开放访问平台的个人学习环境,以支持和托管这些知识和社区。提出了两种方法来测试该方法。一般测试,一方面是基于调查和重点参与者的焦点小组;以及部门测试,以农业食品部门的实际实施为基础,采用欧洲诱导项目,该项目将创建一个开放获取平台,并将在来自西班牙、德国、荷兰和法国的食品和饮料部门的15家试点公司中测试该方法。
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引用次数: 1
Support to the Higher Education System in Morocco as part of a rapprochement with the European Higher Education Area 支持摩洛哥高等教育系统,作为与欧洲高等教育区和解的一部分
Pilar Garcés García
The Project we are leading in the General Directorate for Universities and Research is the Twinning Project ""Support to the Higher Education System in Morocco as part of a rapprochement with the European Higher Education Area" Tw REFERENCE: MA13/ENPI/SO/02-17 (MA/58). Twinning is a European Union instrument for institutional cooperation between Public Administrations of EU Member States and of beneficiary or partner countries. Twinning projects bring together public sector expertise from EU Member States and beneficiary countries with the aim of achieving concrete mandatory operational results through peer to peer activities.
我们在大学和研究总局领导的项目是“支持摩洛哥高等教育系统,作为与欧洲高等教育区和解的一部分”的结对项目(参考:MA13/ENPI/SO/02-17 (MA/58))。结对是欧洲联盟在欧盟成员国和受益国或伙伴国公共行政部门之间进行机构合作的工具。结对项目汇集了欧盟成员国和受益国的公共部门专门知识,目的是通过对等活动取得具体的强制性业务成果。
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引用次数: 0
Building Skills in Introductory Programming 编程入门中的构建技能
José Figueiredo, F. García-Peñalvo
Learning to program is difficult and requires a lot of work, dedication, and training. The difficulties of teaching and learning programming are a cause for concern for everyone where this subject is needed. It is a universal problem. The theme of teaching and learning programming difficulties is a serious problem not only for the important concepts underlying and structuring the course, but also for the lack of motivation, the failure, and abandonment that such frustration may imply for the student. It is important to act quickly. The follow-up of each student must be immediate and personalized. It is not possible to follow a traditional system of exposing the syntax and semantics of a language, with demonstrative examples of the concept, something more is needed. It is important to make an individual and constant evaluation of all the concepts that are part of the programming course. With this constant and personalized evaluation, it is possible to build a profile of each student's competences -- building skills in introductory programming. Giving each student the opportunity to improve particular skills. This concept is very similar to the skills of a character in a computer game, which can be acquired through training, performing tasks or practicing a certain ability. The paper goal is to describe a system that allows us to suggest exercises and to evaluate the results automatically. That will allow to construct the profile of the student in programming, according to the different phases of learning. This set of skills allow the teacher to have complete and updated information of the students' knowledge at all times, and thus minimizes the students' demotivation and failure.
学习编程是困难的,需要大量的工作、奉献和训练。教学和学习编程的困难是每个需要这门学科的人都关心的问题。这是一个普遍存在的问题。教与学编程的困难这一主题是一个严重的问题,不仅因为课程的基础和结构的重要概念,而且也因为缺乏动力,失败和放弃,这些挫折可能意味着学生。重要的是要迅速采取行动。每个学生的跟进必须是即时和个性化的。不可能遵循传统的系统来展示语言的语法和语义,使用概念的演示示例,需要更多的东西。对作为编程课程一部分的所有概念进行单独和持续的评估是很重要的。有了这种持续和个性化的评估,就有可能建立每个学生能力的概况——在入门编程中建立技能。给予每个学生提高特定技能的机会。这一概念与电脑游戏中角色的技能非常相似,这些技能可以通过训练、执行任务或练习某种能力来获得。本文的目标是描述一个允许我们建议练习并自动评估结果的系统。这样可以根据学习的不同阶段,构建学生在编程方面的概况。这一套技能使教师能够随时掌握学生知识的完整和最新信息,从而最大限度地减少学生的丧失动力和失败。
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引用次数: 25
Finite Element Simulation and Analysis of the behavior under load of a human shoulder 人体肩部在载荷作用下的有限元模拟与分析
M. Marcos, Emilio Lechosa Urquijo, F. Haro, R. D’Amato, J. Juanes, Enrique Soriano Heras
Majority of musculoskeletal injuries located in the shoulder are often due to repetitive or sustained movements which occur in work routines in different areas. In the case of workers in the construction sector, repetitive routine and movements under load produce displacements and unnatural postures of the shoulder joint. For this reason, the objective of this study is to model in 3D the biological elements that form the shoulder joint for subsequent Finite Element Analysis (FEA). Three cases of different loads have been considered in this first study. With the analysis developed, and thanks to the linear and isotropic joint approach has been possible to evaluate the stresses in the elements: muscles, tendons and ligaments. The methodology used allowed to obtain an improved mesh of the shoulder joint to analyze real situations with FEM analysis with applications in the field of sports medicine, work, etc. Furthermore, the simplification adopted for the modeling of the joint muscles, as 1D elements in FEM, has made it possible to establish different positions of the human joint without having mesh again each one of the positions that can be studied. The results are consistent with the states of applied loads.
大多数位于肩部的肌肉骨骼损伤通常是由于在不同区域的日常工作中发生的重复或持续的运动。就建筑行业的工人而言,重复的日常工作和负荷下的运动导致肩关节位移和不自然的姿势。因此,本研究的目的是为后续的有限元分析(FEA)建立形成肩关节的生物元件的3D模型。在第一项研究中考虑了三种不同载荷的情况。随着分析的发展,由于线性和各向同性的关节方法已经有可能评估元素的应力:肌肉,肌腱和韧带。所采用的方法可以得到一个改进的肩关节网格,用有限元法分析实际情况,在运动医学、工作等领域有广泛的应用。此外,关节肌肉建模采用的简化方法,作为有限元中的一维单元,使得可以建立人体关节的不同位置,而无需再次网格化每个可以研究的位置。结果与外加荷载的状态一致。
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引用次数: 1
Decision support tools for SLR search string construction 单反搜索字符串构建的决策支持工具
Samuel Marcos, F. García-Peñalvo
Systematic literature reviews (SLRs) have gained popularity during the last years as a form of providing state of the art about previous research. As part of the SLR tasks, devising the search strategy and particularly finding the right keywords to be included in the search string is a difficult and critical step, as it will determine what evidence will be identified in the different searched sources and thus condition the rest of the review. In order to support the search process, this paper presents an iterative methodology for search string construction along with a set of decision support tools that help in building the search string by finding appropriate key terms related to the topic of interest in order to assist the researcher in the SLR conduction.
在过去的几年里,系统文献综述(slr)作为一种提供先前研究的艺术状态的形式得到了普及。作为SLR任务的一部分,设计搜索策略,特别是找到要包含在搜索字符串中的正确关键字是一个困难和关键的步骤,因为它将决定在不同的搜索来源中识别哪些证据,从而影响审查的其余部分。为了支持搜索过程,本文提出了一种迭代的搜索字符串构建方法以及一套决策支持工具,这些工具通过寻找与感兴趣的主题相关的适当关键字来帮助构建搜索字符串,以协助研究人员进行单反研究。
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引用次数: 22
Specialized services for students with special educational needs in the Spanish education system 为西班牙教育系统中有特殊教育需要的学生提供专门服务
M. Vieira, Sara González-Tejerina
Educational guidance in Spain is organized as an institutionalized network of internal and external services at the education system in order to guarantee attention to the diversity of students. The aim of this study is to assess the offer of guidance services in Spain, focusing on services in charge of students with special educational needs. In this study, regulations on educational guidance (n = 51 documents) at Primary Education of the seventeen Autonomous Communities and the Autonomous Cities (Ceuta and Melilla) are analyzed and compared by means of content analyses. Results of this research indicate that the most frequent educational guidance services are, on the one hand, general services known as Educational and Psychopedagogical Guidance Services comprised of counsellors that visit schools on part-time basis and offer their services to the general population of students and, on the other hand, specialized services for students with special educational needs due to specific disabilities or disorders. As a new tendency, full-time internal educational guidance units have emerged at schools in 6 Autonomous Communities that substitute or coexist with Educational and Psychopedagogical Guidance Services. The main conclusion of this study is that, although there is a fairly common structure at national level regarding educational guidance services for mainstream students, there is certain heterogeneity of services for students with special educational needs in terms of types of disabilities, organization, functions and characteristics.
西班牙的教育指导是作为教育系统内部和外部服务的制度化网络组织起来的,以保证对学生多样性的关注。本研究的目的是评估西班牙提供的指导服务,重点关注有特殊教育需要的学生。本研究采用内容分析的方法,对17个自治区和自治区(休达和梅利利亚)的小学教育指导条例(n = 51份文件)进行分析比较。这项研究的结果表明,最常见的教育指导服务一方面是一般服务,即教育和心理指导服务,由兼职访问学校的辅导员组成,向普通学生提供服务,另一方面是为由于特殊残疾或障碍而有特殊教育需要的学生提供专门服务。作为一种新的趋势,在6个自治区的学校中出现了专职的内部教育指导单位,替代或并存于教育和心理辅导服务。本研究的主要结论是,虽然主流学生的教育指导服务在全国范围内具有较为普遍的结构,但特殊教育需要学生的服务在残疾类型、组织、功能和特征等方面存在一定的异质性。
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引用次数: 0
Technological innovations in biomedical training and practice 生物医学培训和实践中的技术创新
J. Juanes, Pablo Ruisoto, Piedade A. Barros
As we become more integrated into a global world, technological advances and teaching innovation that are grounded in Science have become crucial. Rapid advancements in science education and information technology provide promising resources that require many academic disciplines to work together. Developing new tools and defining new methodologies to share educational experiences, including empirical studies that support their efficiency, constitute a promising approach to improve Health Sciences. The aim of this session is to encourage and enable the exchange of information related with the advance and support of Health Science Education. In this paper the authors summarize the recent advances in technological innovations in biomedical training and practice. Most of the main trends in this field are reviewed, including: training in health sciences through a variety of resources such as computer simulations, stereoscopic visualization systems with augmented reality glasses, computer platforms for managing and using resources and documents; the generation of three-dimensional images developed with commercial software for 3D reconstruction; medical and surgical simulation using Virtual Reality (RV) and Augmented Reality (AR); the role of stereoscopic vision systems in the health sciences; and the use of teaching medical material reconstructed with 3D printers.
随着我们越来越融入全球化的世界,以科学为基础的技术进步和教学创新变得至关重要。科学教育和信息技术的快速发展提供了有前途的资源,需要许多学科共同努力。开发新工具和确定新方法来分享教育经验,包括支持其效率的实证研究,是改善健康科学的一种有希望的方法。本次会议的目的是鼓励并促进与促进和支持健康科学教育有关的信息交流。本文综述了近年来生物医学培训与实践中技术创新的最新进展。回顾了该领域的大多数主要趋势,包括:通过各种资源进行健康科学培训,例如计算机模拟、带有增强现实眼镜的立体可视化系统、管理和使用资源和文件的计算机平台;用商业软件开发的三维图像生成,用于三维重建;使用虚拟现实(RV)和增强现实(AR)的医学和外科模拟;立体视觉系统在健康科学中的作用;以及使用3D打印机重建的医用教学材料。
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引用次数: 0
Under the hood of digital humanities: toys or opportunities? 数字人文的背后:玩具还是机遇?
André Pacheco
The use of computing tools and methods has irreversibly impacted the creation, use and communication of research. As a result, a still divisive movement of Digital Humanities has emerged over the last few decades. This paper attempts to provide a theoretical contribution to the discussion on the ontology of this field. In order to do so, it takes a sample of papers indexed under Library and Information Science, in the Web of Knowledge database, and studies them using a quantitative data analysis and a qualitative literature review paired with a personal reflection to illustrate the main research topics. It is concluded that digital humanities embody a community patterned by collaborative and shared networks of communication, where computing tools amplify research possibilities, without changing the humanist values of its practitioners.
计算工具和方法的使用对研究的创造、使用和交流产生了不可逆转的影响。因此,在过去的几十年里,一场仍然存在分歧的数字人文学科运动出现了。本文试图为这一领域的本体论讨论提供一种理论贡献。为了做到这一点,它在Web of Knowledge数据库中选取了图书馆与信息科学索引下的论文样本,并使用定量数据分析和定性文献综述相结合的个人反思来研究它们,以说明主要研究主题。结论是,数字人文体现了一个以协作和共享的通信网络为模式的社区,计算工具扩大了研究的可能性,而不会改变其实践者的人文主义价值观。
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引用次数: 0
Comprehensive analysis of the mass media visual component in the aspect of media aesthetics 从媒介美学的角度综合分析大众传媒的视觉成分
I. Topchii
Today, under the conditions of visual culture domination, the issues of particular text emotional perception by the audience, as well as questions of media aesthetics turn increasingly important. The article uses one of the leading social and political Internet media, in the Russian language, as an empirical basis. This is web-site Meduza, which is also presented in the most popular social network VKontakte, by RuNet. Thematic fields of media content of the public page are identified within the article. There is a classification of visual content, as well as the analysis of comments to the posts. When performing the research, the results of which are presented in this article, the author uses a set of different methods. These are method of continuous sampling; content analysis and discourse analysis; description and generalization. Complex nature of the methodology used here is aimed at deep and complex comprehension of the empirical material.
在视觉文化统治的今天,受众对特定文本的情感感知问题以及媒介美学问题变得越来越重要。这篇文章使用了一个主要的社会和政治网络媒体,在俄语,作为实证基础。这是一个网站Meduza,它也出现在最流行的社交网络VKontakte,由RuNet。公共页面媒体内容的主题领域在文章中确定。有一个视觉内容的分类,以及对帖子评论的分析。在进行研究时,作者使用了一套不同的方法,其结果将在本文中呈现。这些是连续抽样法;内容分析与话语分析;描述和概括。这里使用的方法的复杂性是为了深入而复杂地理解经验材料。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Technological Ecosystems for Enhancing Multiculturality
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