Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1177/09749101231187468
Ly Slesman, Alison Kole, Rizgar Abdlkarim Abdlaziz, I. Raheem
This article examines the interaction effects of resource rents and political institutions on internal conflicts in a panel of 29 Sub-Sahara African countries from 1983 to 2018. Relying on the system generalized method of moments (SGMM) estimator that controls for instrument proliferation, we find robust evidence of the adverse interaction effects between resource rents and political institutions on internal conflicts. Comprehensive marginal effect analysis on both variables reveals the following significant findings. First, there is a (broad) U-shaped marginal effect of resource rents and political institutions. Second, when each component of resource rents was analyzed, only oil and mineral rents had a negative and statistically significant interaction effect with political institutions on internal conflicts. The U-shaped marginal effects hold only for oil rents (but become narrower), while mineral rents exhibit only an L-shaped marginal effect at low levels of political institutions. Our findings are robust to a broad set of alternative measures of political institutions and alternative specifications of the interaction term.
{"title":"Taming the Tides of Internal Conflicts in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Role of Political Institutions and Natural Resources","authors":"Ly Slesman, Alison Kole, Rizgar Abdlkarim Abdlaziz, I. Raheem","doi":"10.1177/09749101231187468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101231187468","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the interaction effects of resource rents and political institutions on internal conflicts in a panel of 29 Sub-Sahara African countries from 1983 to 2018. Relying on the system generalized method of moments (SGMM) estimator that controls for instrument proliferation, we find robust evidence of the adverse interaction effects between resource rents and political institutions on internal conflicts. Comprehensive marginal effect analysis on both variables reveals the following significant findings. First, there is a (broad) U-shaped marginal effect of resource rents and political institutions. Second, when each component of resource rents was analyzed, only oil and mineral rents had a negative and statistically significant interaction effect with political institutions on internal conflicts. The U-shaped marginal effects hold only for oil rents (but become narrower), while mineral rents exhibit only an L-shaped marginal effect at low levels of political institutions. Our findings are robust to a broad set of alternative measures of political institutions and alternative specifications of the interaction term.","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46619431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-08DOI: 10.1177/09749101221149251
D. Amorim, Marcelo Resende
E-commerce has experienced significant growth and is becoming more relevant to economies. The exchange rate can have notable implications on e-commerce prices, and this relationship is of great interest to consumers and retailers transacting online. Brazil is prominent among other emerging countries in issues relating to e-commerce. This article analyzes the relationships between the exchange rate and e-commerce prices in Brazil. The results reveal that: (a) there is an incomplete exchange rate pass-through to Brazilian e-commerce prices; (b) there is temporal precedence of the exchange rate in relation to these prices; (c) there is the possibility of arbitraging online purchases based on exchange rate variations. This article contributes to understanding the e-commerce price behavior in an emerging country. The evidence can support buyers interested in arbitrage.
{"title":"Exchange Rate Pass-Through to Brazilian E-Commerce Prices","authors":"D. Amorim, Marcelo Resende","doi":"10.1177/09749101221149251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101221149251","url":null,"abstract":"E-commerce has experienced significant growth and is becoming more relevant to economies. The exchange rate can have notable implications on e-commerce prices, and this relationship is of great interest to consumers and retailers transacting online. Brazil is prominent among other emerging countries in issues relating to e-commerce. This article analyzes the relationships between the exchange rate and e-commerce prices in Brazil. The results reveal that: (a) there is an incomplete exchange rate pass-through to Brazilian e-commerce prices; (b) there is temporal precedence of the exchange rate in relation to these prices; (c) there is the possibility of arbitraging online purchases based on exchange rate variations. This article contributes to understanding the e-commerce price behavior in an emerging country. The evidence can support buyers interested in arbitrage.","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48138342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1177/09749101231169857
Isaac Ketu, P. Ningaye
Since the physiocrats, agriculture has been seen as a panacea for economic development. However, studies suggest that manufacturing and, recently, advanced service industries are the engine of economic growth. This study analyzes how employment structure contributes to economic complexity (EC) in African countries. To achieve this objective, it uses data spanning 1996–2017 on 27 African countries and applies the ordinary least squares, fixed effects, and system generalized method of moments estimators. Results suggest that due to its inability to admit many divisions or develop production linkages, agriculture’s employment growth is negatively associated with EC. Thus, there are better fits for enhancing complex output in Africa than a more significant share of agricultural employment. On the contrary, employment growth in industry and services enhances the production of sophisticated goods. These findings are robust after several sensitivity checks. Among policy implications from these findings, agriculture should shift from subsistence to mechanized farming, allowing excess workers to reallocate to more productive sectors of industry and advanced services.
{"title":"Sectoral Employment Shares Shape Economic Complexity: Empirical Evidence from African Countries","authors":"Isaac Ketu, P. Ningaye","doi":"10.1177/09749101231169857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101231169857","url":null,"abstract":"Since the physiocrats, agriculture has been seen as a panacea for economic development. However, studies suggest that manufacturing and, recently, advanced service industries are the engine of economic growth. This study analyzes how employment structure contributes to economic complexity (EC) in African countries. To achieve this objective, it uses data spanning 1996–2017 on 27 African countries and applies the ordinary least squares, fixed effects, and system generalized method of moments estimators. Results suggest that due to its inability to admit many divisions or develop production linkages, agriculture’s employment growth is negatively associated with EC. Thus, there are better fits for enhancing complex output in Africa than a more significant share of agricultural employment. On the contrary, employment growth in industry and services enhances the production of sophisticated goods. These findings are robust after several sensitivity checks. Among policy implications from these findings, agriculture should shift from subsistence to mechanized farming, allowing excess workers to reallocate to more productive sectors of industry and advanced services.","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41588898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.1177/09749101221146422
Y. Subramaniam, T. A. Masron, Nanthakumar Loganathan
The Food and Agriculture Organization considers imports crucial to food security (FS) based on their inclusion in the FS definition. Given the broadening of the definition of FS to more than just food availability, the real impact of imports on FS is questionable. This article analyzes the effect of imports on FS in 56 lower-middle income countries from 2011 to 2016. Adopting the generalized method of moments technique, the estimation results point to the negative effects of imports on FS. The breakdown analysis for each dimension indicates that the level of food availability tends to be higher with imports. This could be why imports are considered part of FS measurement. However, the remaining three dimensions, level of food accessibility, utilization, and stability, do against imports. This could explain why the negative impacts of imports outweigh the positive ones in the net. This study indicates that the inclusion of imports in FS can help to secure stable food supplies and meet shortfalls in local production through a better import regulation system.
{"title":"Imports and Food Security","authors":"Y. Subramaniam, T. A. Masron, Nanthakumar Loganathan","doi":"10.1177/09749101221146422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101221146422","url":null,"abstract":"The Food and Agriculture Organization considers imports crucial to food security (FS) based on their inclusion in the FS definition. Given the broadening of the definition of FS to more than just food availability, the real impact of imports on FS is questionable. This article analyzes the effect of imports on FS in 56 lower-middle income countries from 2011 to 2016. Adopting the generalized method of moments technique, the estimation results point to the negative effects of imports on FS. The breakdown analysis for each dimension indicates that the level of food availability tends to be higher with imports. This could be why imports are considered part of FS measurement. However, the remaining three dimensions, level of food accessibility, utilization, and stability, do against imports. This could explain why the negative impacts of imports outweigh the positive ones in the net. This study indicates that the inclusion of imports in FS can help to secure stable food supplies and meet shortfalls in local production through a better import regulation system.","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45593859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-06DOI: 10.1177/09749101231161231
Fatiha El agri, M. Jerry, Ahlam Qafas, Youness Manzah
Maintaining an acceptable level of trade deficit is one of the main challenges of the trade policy in developing countries like Morocco. Therefore, studying the most influential factors of the export function is of foremost importance. In this regard, our article studies the impact of a set of supply and demand determinants on export behavior in Morocco for the period Q1-1998–Q4-2018. The study uses an ARDL bound testing approach with structural breaks, extending to a future projection using the dynamic ARDL. The results of this study show that financial development, natural resources, and foreign investment output significantly influence Morocco’s export behavior. Consequently, forging a multidimensional policy that ensures the optimal allocation of financial resources, the modernization of the agricultural and phosphate sectors, and the transfer of know-how from foreign investors are some of the structural recommendations that will allow the promotion of exports in the future.
{"title":"Determinants of the Export Function in Morocco: Evidence from ARDL and Dynamic ARDL Models","authors":"Fatiha El agri, M. Jerry, Ahlam Qafas, Youness Manzah","doi":"10.1177/09749101231161231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101231161231","url":null,"abstract":"Maintaining an acceptable level of trade deficit is one of the main challenges of the trade policy in developing countries like Morocco. Therefore, studying the most influential factors of the export function is of foremost importance. In this regard, our article studies the impact of a set of supply and demand determinants on export behavior in Morocco for the period Q1-1998–Q4-2018. The study uses an ARDL bound testing approach with structural breaks, extending to a future projection using the dynamic ARDL. The results of this study show that financial development, natural resources, and foreign investment output significantly influence Morocco’s export behavior. Consequently, forging a multidimensional policy that ensures the optimal allocation of financial resources, the modernization of the agricultural and phosphate sectors, and the transfer of know-how from foreign investors are some of the structural recommendations that will allow the promotion of exports in the future.","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41426825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.1177/09749101221146423
Sayed Gulzar Ganai, A. H. Mir, S. Bhat, J. A. Khan
This study attempts to find the impacting instruments of export competitiveness for India and China by utilizing the revealed comparative advantage index and panel data regression during 2001–2020. The top 10 product groups at HS two-digit level were selected for analysis in the sample economies. The results revealed that random effect analysis remained more significant than the fixed effect for these economies. The random effect analysis showed that the top positively impacting variables with a high magnitude for Chinese export competitiveness are foreign direct investment (FDI) and research and development (R&D), followed by relative export prices (REP). The wage rate is the only factor that remained negative in magnitude for China. On the other hand, India tried to absorb FDI toward making the domestic market strong along with R&D, which has significantly impacted its growing competitiveness in the global market. REP negatively impacted Indian competitiveness with a high magnitude, followed by the real effective exchange rate. China has remained entirely integrated with the international market through joint ventures and multi-national companies and has promoted its exports in an improved form in the global market as compared to India. Moreover, China remained quite active in promoting the competitiveness of its manufactured product lines through investing in R&D and gross fixed capital formation, which contributed a significant part to its export competitiveness. In contrast, such investments remained relatively unresponsive for India.
{"title":"Impacting Instruments for Export Competitiveness: Evidence from India and China in the Global Manufacturing Market","authors":"Sayed Gulzar Ganai, A. H. Mir, S. Bhat, J. A. Khan","doi":"10.1177/09749101221146423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101221146423","url":null,"abstract":"This study attempts to find the impacting instruments of export competitiveness for India and China by utilizing the revealed comparative advantage index and panel data regression during 2001–2020. The top 10 product groups at HS two-digit level were selected for analysis in the sample economies. The results revealed that random effect analysis remained more significant than the fixed effect for these economies. The random effect analysis showed that the top positively impacting variables with a high magnitude for Chinese export competitiveness are foreign direct investment (FDI) and research and development (R&D), followed by relative export prices (REP). The wage rate is the only factor that remained negative in magnitude for China. On the other hand, India tried to absorb FDI toward making the domestic market strong along with R&D, which has significantly impacted its growing competitiveness in the global market. REP negatively impacted Indian competitiveness with a high magnitude, followed by the real effective exchange rate. China has remained entirely integrated with the international market through joint ventures and multi-national companies and has promoted its exports in an improved form in the global market as compared to India. Moreover, China remained quite active in promoting the competitiveness of its manufactured product lines through investing in R&D and gross fixed capital formation, which contributed a significant part to its export competitiveness. In contrast, such investments remained relatively unresponsive for India.","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48569683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1177/09749101231167453
Shan Fan
The development of trade is an essential element of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and a significant effort by China to promote inter-regional economic development. Using Chinese trade data from 190 countries and regions worldwide from 1993 to 2021, this article quantitatively analyzes (a) if and to what extent the BRI has promoted bilateral trade development, (b) how trade with China has contributed to the country’s economic growth and (c) what commodity and regional heterogeneity exist in these effects. The empirical results show that the BRI significantly increases China’s trade with the countries of the Belt and Road Initiative and countries along the Belt and Road route and significantly increases imports and exports in all five commodity categories—primary goods, resource-intensive manufactured goods, low-tech, medium-tech, and high-tech manufactured goods. Meanwhile, the trade volume with China substantially contributes to the economic development of the trading countries. However, Asia, Europe, and Africa show different characteristics in all three aspects mentioned above. These results show that the BRI not only benefits China’s international trade but also promotes the trade development of the involved countries. It clarifies the crucial role this open, inclusive inter-regional economic cooperation plays in global trade growth when facing the escalating anti-globalization sentiment.
{"title":"Does the Belt and Road Initiative Promote Bilateral Trade? An Empirical Analysis of China and the Belt and Road Countries","authors":"Shan Fan","doi":"10.1177/09749101231167453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101231167453","url":null,"abstract":"The development of trade is an essential element of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and a significant effort by China to promote inter-regional economic development. Using Chinese trade data from 190 countries and regions worldwide from 1993 to 2021, this article quantitatively analyzes (a) if and to what extent the BRI has promoted bilateral trade development, (b) how trade with China has contributed to the country’s economic growth and (c) what commodity and regional heterogeneity exist in these effects. The empirical results show that the BRI significantly increases China’s trade with the countries of the Belt and Road Initiative and countries along the Belt and Road route and significantly increases imports and exports in all five commodity categories—primary goods, resource-intensive manufactured goods, low-tech, medium-tech, and high-tech manufactured goods. Meanwhile, the trade volume with China substantially contributes to the economic development of the trading countries. However, Asia, Europe, and Africa show different characteristics in all three aspects mentioned above. These results show that the BRI not only benefits China’s international trade but also promotes the trade development of the involved countries. It clarifies the crucial role this open, inclusive inter-regional economic cooperation plays in global trade growth when facing the escalating anti-globalization sentiment.","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48217601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1177/09749101231167449
Biliang Hu, Kunling Zhang
Based on a multidimensional assessment indicators system and a two-layer assessment model, this article measures and evaluates the overall development of China and the 148 countries that signed cooperation agreements with China to jointly build the Belt and Road (we refer to this group of countries as the Belt and Road Countries or simply BRCs henceforth) from 2015 to 2019 using panel normalization method. This research shows that the overall development of BRCs is generally on track, and most countries are showing an upward development trend, mainly Asian and African countries. Second, some features of the overall development of BRCs are clearly evident, such as (a) the economic development is not high enough but relatively stable; (b) the resource endowments are not excellent, but rich fossil fuels are concentrated in a few countries of BRCs; (c) the environment protection of the countries is reasonably well managed; (d) social development indicators of these countries are slightly lagging behind the world average. Third, certain challenges face this group of countries, for example, good governance, economic structural transformation, and industrialization need improvement. Finally, there is enormous potential for strengthening cooperation between BRCs, particularly in energy, manufacturing, green development, social development linking with the people’s livelihood improvement, and so on.
{"title":"The Overall Development of the Belt and Road Countries: Measurement and Assessment","authors":"Biliang Hu, Kunling Zhang","doi":"10.1177/09749101231167449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101231167449","url":null,"abstract":"Based on a multidimensional assessment indicators system and a two-layer assessment model, this article measures and evaluates the overall development of China and the 148 countries that signed cooperation agreements with China to jointly build the Belt and Road (we refer to this group of countries as the Belt and Road Countries or simply BRCs henceforth) from 2015 to 2019 using panel normalization method. This research shows that the overall development of BRCs is generally on track, and most countries are showing an upward development trend, mainly Asian and African countries. Second, some features of the overall development of BRCs are clearly evident, such as (a) the economic development is not high enough but relatively stable; (b) the resource endowments are not excellent, but rich fossil fuels are concentrated in a few countries of BRCs; (c) the environment protection of the countries is reasonably well managed; (d) social development indicators of these countries are slightly lagging behind the world average. Third, certain challenges face this group of countries, for example, good governance, economic structural transformation, and industrialization need improvement. Finally, there is enormous potential for strengthening cooperation between BRCs, particularly in energy, manufacturing, green development, social development linking with the people’s livelihood improvement, and so on.","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49258033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1177/09749101231167450
Qian Liu, Yingying Wang, Ning Kang
Promoting international economic cooperation plays a vital role in improving global governance. International cooperation benefits participating countries economically, and positively impacts their social development and national governance. Based on the micro survey data of eight Southeast Asian countries, this article analyzes the influence mechanism of the Belt and Road outward foreign direct investment (FDI) on the governance of the host countries. The article finds that China’s outward FDI, through its positive role in the host country’s economic and social development, leads to a positive perception among people in host countries regarding China’s influence locally. On the one hand, it enhances people’s sense of identity with China’s development. On the other hand, it contributes to people’s satisfaction with their local government, thereby improving national governance. The findings of this article offer theoretical insights for promoting high-level opening-up. When participating in global governance, one must pay attention to the real sense of gain in the host countries and their people, improve the governance and promote high-quality development of regional economic cooperation.
{"title":"Analyzing the Influence of BRI Foreign Direct Investment on Governance: Perspective from Southeast Asian Countries","authors":"Qian Liu, Yingying Wang, Ning Kang","doi":"10.1177/09749101231167450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101231167450","url":null,"abstract":"Promoting international economic cooperation plays a vital role in improving global governance. International cooperation benefits participating countries economically, and positively impacts their social development and national governance. Based on the micro survey data of eight Southeast Asian countries, this article analyzes the influence mechanism of the Belt and Road outward foreign direct investment (FDI) on the governance of the host countries. The article finds that China’s outward FDI, through its positive role in the host country’s economic and social development, leads to a positive perception among people in host countries regarding China’s influence locally. On the one hand, it enhances people’s sense of identity with China’s development. On the other hand, it contributes to people’s satisfaction with their local government, thereby improving national governance. The findings of this article offer theoretical insights for promoting high-level opening-up. When participating in global governance, one must pay attention to the real sense of gain in the host countries and their people, improve the governance and promote high-quality development of regional economic cooperation.","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48063426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1177/09749101231167447
Kunling Zhang
While industrialization has profound implications for human well-being, the industrialization of developing countries faces multiple challenges today. Based on the theoretical framework of development economics, this article discusses how the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) as a new model of international development cooperation can complement and improve the traditional model and analyzes how the new model can promote the industrialization of developing countries. The findings show that BRI has improved the traditional international development cooperation model in terms of emphasizing investment in developing countries, infrastructure construction, the principles of achieving shared growth through consultation and collaboration, the role of the government, and systematic and open development cooperation. At the same time, the BRI can facilitate the industrialization of developing countries by improving agricultural productivity, building infrastructure, capital formation, trade promotion, rural–urban transformation, and upgrading technology and knowledge. However, the facilitation effect depends on how developing countries formulate industrialization strategies keeping in perspective their national conditions and development needs and the international economic environment.
{"title":"Can the Belt and Road Initiative Promote the Industrialization of Developing Countries?","authors":"Kunling Zhang","doi":"10.1177/09749101231167447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/09749101231167447","url":null,"abstract":"While industrialization has profound implications for human well-being, the industrialization of developing countries faces multiple challenges today. Based on the theoretical framework of development economics, this article discusses how the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) as a new model of international development cooperation can complement and improve the traditional model and analyzes how the new model can promote the industrialization of developing countries. The findings show that BRI has improved the traditional international development cooperation model in terms of emphasizing investment in developing countries, infrastructure construction, the principles of achieving shared growth through consultation and collaboration, the role of the government, and systematic and open development cooperation. At the same time, the BRI can facilitate the industrialization of developing countries by improving agricultural productivity, building infrastructure, capital formation, trade promotion, rural–urban transformation, and upgrading technology and knowledge. However, the facilitation effect depends on how developing countries formulate industrialization strategies keeping in perspective their national conditions and development needs and the international economic environment.","PeriodicalId":37512,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41654299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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