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Controlling parenting and executive functioning in children born preterm 早产儿的控制养育和执行功能
Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.17575/psicologia.1754
C. Toscano, Cindy Sá, J. Baptista, Vanessa Moutinho, I. Soares
This study investigated the relations between mothers’ and fathers’ controlling behaviors and the executive functioning of children born preterm. Sixty-eight preterm children and their parents were assessed when the children were 3 ½ years old. The executive functioning was measured using the Head-to-Toes-Task and controlling parenting behaviors were measured through a standardized observation of a parent-child interaction. Hierarchical regression analysis showed that both mothers’ and fathers’ controlling behaviors were associated with worse child executive functioning performance, after controlling for the child’s cognitive ability. Findings suggest that both mothers and fathers play an important role in the development of executive functioning of children born prematurely, highlighting the need to consider both parents in the study of and intervention with these children.
本研究调查了早产儿童父母的控制行为与执行功能之间的关系。68名早产儿及其父母在孩子3岁半时接受了评估。执行功能使用从头到脚任务进行测量,控制父母行为通过亲子互动的标准化观察进行测量。分层回归分析表明,在控制了孩子的认知能力后,母亲和父亲的控制行为都与孩子的执行功能表现较差有关。研究结果表明,母亲和父亲在早产儿童执行功能的发展中都发挥着重要作用,这突出表明在研究和干预这些儿童时需要考虑父母双方。
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引用次数: 0
Fathering in the Chilean context: Wellbeing and father involvement pre and post the COVID-19 pandemic 智利背景下的父亲:2019冠状病毒病大流行前后的福祉和父亲参与
Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.17575/psicologia.1858
Daniela Aldoney, María I García, Carolina Panesso
We examined father involvement in two groups of two-parent Chilean families with children aged from 2 to 7 years, one prior to the pandemic (N = 115) and the second during the pandemic (N = 103). We first presented a description of fathering in the Chilean context and then examined potential predictors of fathers’ cognitive and affective involvement. Data showed that during the pandemic fathers reported significantly higher levels of depressive symptoms compared to before the pandemic. However, levels of cognitive and affective involvement did not vary across studies. Parental stress predicted cognitive and affective involvement in pre-pandemic fathers. Number of children and educational level were related only to cognitive involvement. The implications of these findings for intervention and future research are discussed.
我们调查了两组有2至7岁孩子的智利双亲家庭的父亲参与情况,一组在疫情前(N=115),另一组在大流行期间(N=103)。我们首先介绍了智利背景下父亲的描述,然后研究了父亲认知和情感参与的潜在预测因素。数据显示,与疫情前相比,疫情期间父亲的抑郁症状水平明显更高。然而,不同研究的认知和情感参与水平没有差异。父母压力预测了疫情前父亲的认知和情感参与。儿童数量和教育水平仅与认知参与有关。讨论了这些发现对干预和未来研究的影响。
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引用次数: 1
Can cognitive restructuring serve as a brief stand-alone treatment for social anxiety disorder in adolescence? An exploratory clinical trial 认知重构能否作为治疗青少年社交焦虑症的一种简单的独立疗法?探索性临床试验
Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.17575/psicologia.1788
Ana Félix, Anande Ferreira, P. Vagos
Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a debilitating and chronic condition that usually arises in adolescence. Cost-effective interventions provided early on may alter its usually chronic trajectory. This study evaluated changes following a brief cognitive restructuring intervention with 14 adolescent girls, against a waitlist control group, on social anxiety, fear of negative and positive evaluation and negative automatic thoughts. Predictors of post-intervention social anxiety scores were also investigated. Results show that social anxiety fluctuated similarly for both groups. Distinctive significant change was found only for performing in formal social situations following the intervention. Change in frequency of automatic negative thoughts significantly predicted post-intervention social anxiety for measures relating to anxiety when interacting and being observed by others. Cognitive restructuring may provide significant change by altering the content (and not the frequency) of thoughts and, in its current short form, may be relevant to the specific performance type of SAD. 
社交焦虑障碍(SAD)是一种衰弱的慢性疾病,通常出现在青春期。早期提供具有成本效益的干预措施可能改变其通常是慢性的轨迹。本研究评估了14名青春期女孩在短暂的认知重组干预后在社交焦虑、对消极和积极评价的恐惧以及消极的自动思维方面的变化,而不是候补对照组。干预后社会焦虑评分的预测因子也被调查。结果显示,两组人的社交焦虑波动相似。在干预后,只有在正式的社交场合中表现出明显的显著变化。在与他人互动和被他人观察时,自动消极想法频率的变化显著地预测了干预后的社交焦虑。认知重构可以通过改变思想的内容(而不是频率)来提供显著的改变,并且在其目前的简短形式中,可能与SAD的特定表现类型有关。
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引用次数: 0
As associações de doenças raras em Portugal: Uma fonte importante de apoio psicossocial 葡萄牙罕见病协会:社会心理支持的重要来源
Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.17575/psicologia.1803
Catarina Costa, I. Alonso, Jorge Sequeiros, Milena Paneque
Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar as associações de pessoas com doenças raras, como uma importante fonte de apoio psicossocial. Foram realizadas entrevistas a 38 participantes de 23 associações e delegações de pessoas com doenças raras, vinculadas ao Centro de Genética Preditiva e Preventiva. Das análises emergiram três categorias conceptuais: (1) missão das associações; (2) contexto do trabalho associativo; e (3) estratégias e oportunidades. Os principais obstáculos ao papel das associações como fonte de apoio às pessoas doentes e suas famílias foram: (1) dificuldade em encontrar voluntários; (2) baixo nível de literacia sobre doenças raras; (3) pouco envolvimento dos profissionais de saúde e população; e (4) dificuldade em obter financiamento. Os resultados mostraram que as associações têm um papel fundamental na defesa dos direitos das pessoas com doenças raras, sendo possível potenciar o seu trabalho, maximizando a integração com os serviços de saúde e a sua visibilidade.
本研究旨在描述罕见疾病患者的关联,作为社会心理支持的重要来源。对与预测和预防遗传学中心有关的23个罕见疾病协会和代表团的38名参与者进行了访谈。从分析中出现了三个概念类别:(1)协会的使命;(2)联合工作的背景;(3)战略和机会。协会作为病人及其家属支持来源的作用的主要障碍是:(1)难以找到志愿者;(2)罕见病知识水平低;(3)卫生专业人员和人口参与不足;(4)难以获得资金。结果表明,这些协会在捍卫罕见疾病患者的权利方面发挥着关键作用,有可能加强它们的工作,最大限度地融入保健服务并提高其知名度。
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引用次数: 1
Parenting sensitivity, salivary oxytocin levels and children’s behavioral problems in a Portuguese sample 养育敏感性,唾液催产素水平和儿童行为问题在葡萄牙样本
Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.17575/psicologia.1762
Nuno Torres, C. Santos, L. Monteiro
The present study focused on the quality of parenting behaviors (sensitivity and intrusiveness), its associations with children's levels of oxytocin (OXT), and with children's behavioral problems in the preschool context. Thirty nuclear families, including both parents and one focal child, and their preschool teachers participated in the study. Salivary OXT was collected (during two separate home visits) from children after a play task with each parent. Sensitivity and intrusiveness were coded based on the videotapes of these dyadic play interactions. Preschool teachers reported children’s behavioral problems using the Caregiver-Teacher Report Form. Salivary OXT was collected by passive drooling, and quantified by radioimmunoassay, after extraction. Results show that only fathers’ sensitivity and intrusiveness were significantly correlated with children’s OXT concentrations. Both mothers’ and fathers’ sensitivity were negatively correlated with children’s internalizing problems. Mothers’ intrusiveness was positively correlated with children’s externalizing problems, and fathers’ intrusiveness with children’s internalizing problems.
本研究的重点是父母行为的质量(敏感性和侵入性),其与儿童催产素(OXT)水平的关系,以及与学龄前儿童行为问题的关系。30个核心家庭,包括父母双方和一个焦点孩子,以及他们的幼儿园老师参与了这项研究。在与每位家长一起完成游戏任务后,收集儿童的唾液OXT(在两次单独的家访期间)。敏感性和侵入性是基于这些二元游戏互动的录像带编码的。学龄前教师使用看护人-教师报告表报告儿童的行为问题。被动流涎法采集唾液OXT,提取后用放射免疫法定量。结果表明,只有父亲的敏感性和侵入性与孩子的OXT浓度显著相关。母亲和父亲的敏感性与儿童的内化问题呈负相关。母亲的侵入性与儿童的外化问题呈正相关,父亲的侵入性与儿童的内化问题呈正相关。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptation of the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale for a sample of Portuguese population 根据卑尔根Facebook成瘾量表对葡萄牙人口样本进行调整
Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.17575/psicologia.1769
Ângela Leite, Teresa Souto, H. F. Sousa, Andreia de Moura, M. Dinis, Lígia Cunha, Vítor Lira, Diogo Guedes Vidal
The aim of this study is to adapt a Portuguese version of the original 18 items of the Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS), via a translation / back translation process, using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in a Portuguese sample. The sample comprised 232 respondents from the general population. The modified BFAS acquires a different factor structure from the original, keeping 4 of the main theoretical elements (subscales) and 10 of the 18 original items. The results indicate that the Portuguese version of the original BFAS presents good psychometric qualities. The statistical techniques used in the study allowed assessing the reliability and validity of the modified BFAS. Nevertheless, further uses of this scale with other samples from the Portuguese population are necessary to confirm the obtained results.
本研究的目的是通过翻译/反翻译过程,在葡萄牙语样本中使用验证性因素分析(CFA),对卑尔根Facebook成瘾量表(BFAS)的原始18个项目的葡萄牙语版本进行改编。样本包括232名来自普通人群的受访者。修正后的BFAS获得了与原始不同的因子结构,保留了4个主要理论元素(分量表)和18个原始项目中的10个。结果表明,葡萄牙语版本的原始BFAS具有良好的心理测量质量。研究中使用的统计技术可以评估修改后的BFAS的可靠性和有效性。然而,有必要将该量表与葡萄牙人口的其他样本一起进一步使用,以确认所获得的结果。
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引用次数: 0
Are fathers’ rearing histories associated with their involvement in childrearing? A Peruvian study 父亲的养育历史是否与他们参与养育子女有关?秘鲁研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.17575/psicologia.1799
Magaly Nóblega, Marisut Guimet, Andrea Ugarte, Francesco Marinelli, Gabriela Apolinario, Daniel Uchuya, C. Santos
This study compares father involvement, relative to the mother, in Peruvian families with preschool age children. We also examined father’s rearing history and sociodemographic characteristics as predictors of involvement in child related activities. Two hundred and six families participated in the study. Results showed that mothers were more involved in direct and indirect care, and fathers tended to be more involved in play. Teaching/discipline and outdoor leisure activities were shared. The models tested for paternal involvement in direct, indirect care, and outdoor leisure were significant. Father´s rearing history was a main predictor of direct care and outdoor leisure. Fathers’ perceptions of their own mothers’ care were negatively associated with their involvement in direct care; and their perceptions of their own fathers’ overprotection/control were negatively associated with fathers’ involvement in outdoor leisure. Results are discussed based on stereotypical gender-based role division in childrearing, and the modeling and compensatory hypotheses.
这项研究比较了秘鲁学龄前儿童家庭中父亲相对于母亲的参与情况。我们还研究了父亲的养育史和社会人口学特征,作为参与儿童相关活动的预测因素。206个家庭参与了这项研究。结果显示,母亲更多地参与直接和间接的照顾,父亲更倾向于参与游戏。共享教学/纪律和户外休闲活动。测试了父亲参与直接、间接护理和户外休闲的模型具有显著性。父亲的养育史是直接护理和户外休闲的主要预测因素。父亲对母亲照顾的看法与他们参与直接照顾的程度呈负相关;他们对父亲过度保护/控制的看法与父亲参与户外休闲呈负相关。基于育儿中基于性别的角色划分,以及建模和补偿假设,对结果进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
A combination of maternal and paternal features discriminates between children with secure and insecure attachment style 母亲和父亲特征的结合区分了具有安全依恋和不安全依恋风格的儿童
Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.17575/psicologia.1820
L. Antonucci, Pasquale Musso, P. Taurisano, G. Coppola, M. Terlizzi, R. Cassibba
Child-caregiver attachment security has been associated with positive developmental outcomes. However, many aspects related to the parenting environment, besides attachment organization, should be considered in the prediction of offspring’s attachment. We aimed at building an ecological classification model of child attachment based on many variables related to the individual and dyadic features of both parents. Having recruited 150 families, we fed a stepwise logistic regression analysis, aimed at discriminating between secure and insecure child attachment. This contained information regarding parental stress, parental avoidance and anxiety in romantic relationships, quality of the romantic relationship and parental involvement. Paternal responsibility, paternal perception of the quality of the romantic relationship and maternal attachment avoidance were the most discriminative variables in the model (all p<.05). Findings support the importance of not limiting investigations to maternal factors, but rather making the investigation of attachment-related factors broader by assessing maternal, paternal and dyadic features.
儿童照顾者依恋安全与积极的发展结果有关。然而,在预测后代依恋时,除了依恋组织外,还应考虑与养育环境有关的许多方面。我们旨在基于与父母双方的个体和二元特征相关的许多变量,建立一个儿童依恋的生态分类模型。在招募了150个家庭后,我们进行了逐步逻辑回归分析,旨在区分安全和不安全的儿童依恋。这包含了关于父母压力、父母在恋爱关系中的回避和焦虑、恋爱关系的质量和父母的参与的信息。父亲责任、父亲对浪漫关系质量的感知和母亲依恋回避是该模型中最具歧视性的变量(均p<0.05)。研究结果支持不将调查局限于母亲因素的重要性,而是通过评估母亲、父亲和二元特征来扩大依恋相关因素的调查范围。
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引用次数: 0
Do ideal fathers differ from ideal mothers? A study on sensitivity, challenging, and sensitive challenging parenting behavior 理想的父亲和理想的母亲有区别吗?敏感、挑战和敏感挑战父母行为的研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.17575/psicologia.1818
Alexandra Iwanski, L. Mühling, P. Zimmermann
Studies on caregiving often distinguish between sensitive and challenging behavior. Mothers are characterized as more sensitive and fathers as more challenging. From an attachment perspective, the ideal mother is sensitive. Empirically, sensitivity is a better predictor of child-mother compared to child-father attachment security. In contrast, sensitive challenging behavior is a better predictor of child-father attachment. Thus, the ideal father might be sensitive challenging. The study examined differences and/or similarities in representations of ideal mothers and fathers regarding sensitive challenging behavior. We explored raters’ parental status, gender, or attachment as influential factors. 175 participants described their representations of the ideal parents and rated the attachment security to their own parents. Results replicate earlier findings showing that the ideal mother is sensitive. Interestingly, also the ideal father is a sensitive father. In direct comparison, ideal fathers are less sensitive and more challenging compared to ideal mothers. Attachment avoidance influenced parenting ideals.
关于看护的研究通常会将敏感行为和挑战行为区分开来。母亲更敏感,父亲更具挑战性。从依恋的角度来看,理想的母亲是敏感的。从经验上看,与亲子依恋安全相比,敏感性是一个更好的预测因子。相比之下,敏感的挑战行为是一个更好的预测亲子依恋。因此,理想的父亲可能是敏感的挑战。该研究考察了理想母亲和理想父亲在敏感挑战行为方面的差异和/或相似之处。我们探讨了评分者的父母地位、性别或依恋作为影响因素。175名参与者描述了他们对理想父母的描述,并对他们对自己父母的依恋安全感进行了评分。结果重复了先前的发现,即理想的母亲是敏感的。有趣的是,理想的父亲也是一个敏感的父亲。在直接比较中,与理想的母亲相比,理想的父亲更不敏感,更具挑战性。依恋回避影响了育儿理念。
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引用次数: 0
Benefícios de um novo programa de aprendizagem socioemocional na redução da sintomatologia psicopatológica e na promoção das competências socioemocionais globais, na perspetiva das crianças 从儿童的角度来看,新的社会情绪学习计划在减少精神病理症状和促进全球社会情绪技能方面的好处
Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.17575/psicologia.1813
Rita Antunes, Maryse Guedes, J. Alexandre, Manuela Veríssimo
O presente estudo teve como objetivo examinar as perceções das crianças com idades compreendidas entre os 8 e os 12 anos, que participaram no novo programa de aprendizagem socioemocional “O Mundo dos Intergalácticos” de curta duração, acerca da evolução dos sintomas psicopatológicos (ansiedade, depressão e stresse) e das competências socioemocionais globais, do pré-teste para o pós-teste e follow-up (6 meses), considerando o sexo e a faixa etária (8-9 vs. 10-12 anos). Um total de 95 crianças, com idades compreendidas entre os 8 e os 12 anos, preencheram Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Stresse para Crianças e a escala. Para mim é fácil, no pré-teste, pós-teste e 6 meses após a participação no programa. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as crianças mais novas (8-9 anos) e mais velhas (10-12 anos), de ambos os sexos, percecionaram uma redução da sintomatologia psicopatológica e uma melhoria das competências socioemocionais globais do pré-teste para o pós-teste e follow-up.
本研究的目的是研究儿童认知年龄在8到12岁,参加新课程的学习社会情感“星际的世界”短期的发展精神病理学的症状(焦虑,抑郁和压力)和技能socioemocionais全球预先测试,测试后,后续(6个月),而性别和年龄组(8 - 9和10 - -12年)。共有95名8 - 12岁的儿童完成了儿童抑郁、焦虑和压力量表和量表。对我来说,这很容易,在前测、后测和参加项目6个月后。结果显示,年龄较小的儿童(8-9岁)和年龄较大的儿童(10-12岁),无论男女,从前测到后测和随访,心理病理症状都有所减少,整体社会情感能力有所提高。
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引用次数: 1
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PSICOLOGIA
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