Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.97384
Yevheniia Hladkikh, Olesia Sіabruk, A. Revtie-Uvarova, V. Smychenko
The agricultural production of the world is becoming increasingly vulnerable to extreme weather conditions, but adaptation to such conditions still suffers from a lack of integrated solutions and approaches that should cover relevant plant nutrition management issues, as well as technological mechanisms and tools. This study aimed to investigate the impact of fertilizer systems on yield indicators and the productivity of spring barley under arid growing conditions and determine the correlation between yield indicators and barley productivity to form a fertilization strategy for this crop under drought conditions. Two separate field experiments were conducted in 2018 in a small plot in six replications based on a long-term research field experiment on chernozem-type soil (black soil). As components of an integrated plant nutrient management system, the combined application of mineral fertilizers and stress protectors was used (for seed inoculation and foliar treatment), as well as the local application of mineral fertilizers at different depths (10-12 cm, 20-22 cm and at two depths simultaneously). The application of components of an integrated plant nutrient management system increased the chlorophyll content, leaf water content, and grain yield. These benefits of integrated fertilizer management led to significant improvement in grain yield. The maximum values of this indicator were noted for foliar treatment of plants by a stress protector at a rate of 1.0 L ha-1 (once per growing season) or 0.5 L ha-1 (twice per growing season) and for deep localization of mineral fertilizers (to a depth of 20-22 cm). The content of chlorophyll and bound water in the tissues of barley plants can be used as an indicator to determine the resistance of plants to arid growing conditions since these physiological characteristics are closely correlated with the yield of barley.
世界农业生产越来越容易受到极端天气条件的影响，但由于缺乏涵盖相关植物营养管理问题的综合解决方案和方法，以及技术机制和工具，对这种条件的适应仍然受到影响。本研究旨在探讨不同施肥制度对干旱生长条件下春大麦产量指标和生产力的影响，确定产量指标与大麦生产力的相关性，形成干旱条件下春大麦的施肥策略。2018年，在黑土型土壤(黑土)长期研究性田间试验的基础上，在一个小地块上分6个重复进行了两次单独的田间试验。作为植物营养综合管理系统的组成部分，采用矿质肥和胁迫保护剂的组合施用(种子接种和叶面处理)，以及不同深度(10-12 cm、20-22 cm和两个深度同时)局部施用矿质肥。综合植物养分管理系统的应用提高了叶绿素含量、叶片含水量和籽粒产量。综合肥料管理的这些好处导致了粮食产量的显著提高。胁迫保护剂对植物叶面处理的速率为1.0 L ha-1(每个生长季节1次)或0.5 L ha-1(每个生长季节2次)和矿质肥料深度定位(深度为20-22厘米)时，该指标的最大值被注意到。大麦组织中叶绿素和结合水的含量与大麦产量密切相关，可以作为判断植物对干旱生长条件抗性的指标。
{"title":"Effect of integrated plant nutrient management on indicators related to yield and productivity of spring barley (Hordéum vulgáre) under drought conditions in the growing season","authors":"Yevheniia Hladkikh, Olesia Sіabruk, A. Revtie-Uvarova, V. Smychenko","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.97384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.97384","url":null,"abstract":"The agricultural production of the world is becoming increasingly vulnerable to extreme weather conditions, but adaptation to such conditions still suffers from a lack of integrated solutions and approaches that should cover relevant plant nutrition management issues, as well as technological mechanisms and tools. This study aimed to investigate the impact of fertilizer systems on yield indicators and the productivity of spring barley under arid growing conditions and determine the correlation between yield indicators and barley productivity to form a fertilization strategy for this crop under drought conditions. Two separate field experiments were conducted in 2018 in a small plot in six replications based on a long-term research field experiment on chernozem-type soil (black soil). As components of an integrated plant nutrient management system, the combined application of mineral fertilizers and stress protectors was used (for seed inoculation and foliar treatment), as well as the local application of mineral fertilizers at different depths (10-12 cm, 20-22 cm and at two depths simultaneously). The application of components of an integrated plant nutrient management system increased the chlorophyll content, leaf water content, and grain yield. These benefits of integrated fertilizer management led to significant improvement in grain yield. The maximum values of this indicator were noted for foliar treatment of plants by a stress protector at a rate of 1.0 L ha-1 (once per growing season) or 0.5 L ha-1 (twice per growing season) and for deep localization of mineral fertilizers (to a depth of 20-22 cm). The content of chlorophyll and bound water in the tissues of barley plants can be used as an indicator to determine the resistance of plants to arid growing conditions since these physiological characteristics are closely correlated with the yield of barley.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88999388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Persea americana, cv. Hass has become an important crop in Colombia due to increased exports to European markets; however, the avocado is a climacteric fruit sensitive to chilling injury, reducing its shelf-life and affecting commercialization abroad. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene, ethylene, and intermittent warming on chilling injury and postharvest behavior of avocado cv. Hass. Five treatments were evaluated: Control; Intermittent warming cycles of 4 days at 2 °C + 1 day at 18 °C; Intermittent warming cycles of 7 days at 2 °C + 1 day at 18 °C; 1-methylcyclopropene, and ethylene. The fruits were stored for 29 days at 2 °C and then up to 14 days in the shelf-life period. The intermittent warming treatment 4-days cycles reduced chilling injuries. However, this treatment increased weight loss, respiration, epidermal color index, and electrolyte leakage during the storage period at 2 °C. Intermittent warming showed that Hass avocado fruit ripens faster, regardless of the application of ethylene in the shelf-life period. The results indicated that intermittent warming reduced the chilling injury, the treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene delayed ripening but it is not recommended for avocado cv. Hass when stored at 2 °C because the chilling injury is not reduced.
{"title":"Postharvest behavior and chilling injury in avocado (Persea americana Mill) fruit cv. Hass treated with 1-methylcyclopropene, ethylene, and intermittent warming","authors":"Yerlendy Vanessa Pachón, Helber Enrique Balaguera Lopez, Nixon Flórez-Velasco","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.98741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.98741","url":null,"abstract":"Persea americana, cv. Hass has become an important crop in Colombia due to increased exports to European markets; however, the avocado is a climacteric fruit sensitive to chilling injury, reducing its shelf-life and affecting commercialization abroad. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of 1-methylcyclopropene, ethylene, and intermittent warming on chilling injury and postharvest behavior of avocado cv. Hass. Five treatments were evaluated: Control; Intermittent warming cycles of 4 days at 2 °C + 1 day at 18 °C; Intermittent warming cycles of 7 days at 2 °C + 1 day at 18 °C; 1-methylcyclopropene, and ethylene. The fruits were stored for 29 days at 2 °C and then up to 14 days in the shelf-life period. The intermittent warming treatment 4-days cycles reduced chilling injuries. However, this treatment increased weight loss, respiration, epidermal color index, and electrolyte leakage during the storage period at 2 °C. Intermittent warming showed that Hass avocado fruit ripens faster, regardless of the application of ethylene in the shelf-life period. The results indicated that intermittent warming reduced the chilling injury, the treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene delayed ripening but it is not recommended for avocado cv. Hass when stored at 2 °C because the chilling injury is not reduced.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88087088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.96242
Fabiano Battermarco da Silva Martins, Gabriel Araújo e Silva Ferraz, João Paulo Barreto Cunha, Diego Bedin Marin, Luana Mendes do Santos, Lucas Santos Santana
Agricultural development requires greater adoption of machinery by producers to avoid damage to the worker’s health due to excessive noise. In this scenario, this study aimed to analyze the noise magnitude emitted by a micro-tractor using geostatistics and Statistical Process Control (SPC) in mapping spatial variability to identify healthy zones for workers. The study was carried out at the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), where noise levels were collected at points distributed in a regular 2.0×2.0 m sample grid around the machine. The spatial dependence of noise was analyzed by adjusting the wave-type semivariogram and interpolating by ordinary kriging and the SPC through individual control charts. It was possible to observe alarming noise values above 85 dB(A) in a radius of up to 6 m around the tractor in operation. The maximum value of 91 dB(A) was obtained from the operator’s seat, thus allowing maximum daily exposure of 3.5 h. In addition, it was observed that people located at distances greater than 4 m from the micro-tractor do not need to wear personal protective equipment for an exposure of 8 h of work.
{"title":"Spatial variability characterization of acoustic discomfort and zone of admissible noise caused by micro-tractor","authors":"Fabiano Battermarco da Silva Martins, Gabriel Araújo e Silva Ferraz, João Paulo Barreto Cunha, Diego Bedin Marin, Luana Mendes do Santos, Lucas Santos Santana","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.96242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.96242","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural development requires greater adoption of machinery by producers to avoid damage to the worker’s health due to excessive noise. In this scenario, this study aimed to analyze the noise magnitude emitted by a micro-tractor using geostatistics and Statistical Process Control (SPC) in mapping spatial variability to identify healthy zones for workers. The study was carried out at the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), where noise levels were collected at points distributed in a regular 2.0×2.0 m sample grid around the machine. The spatial dependence of noise was analyzed by adjusting the wave-type semivariogram and interpolating by ordinary kriging and the SPC through individual control charts. It was possible to observe alarming noise values above 85 dB(A) in a radius of up to 6 m around the tractor in operation. The maximum value of 91 dB(A) was obtained from the operator’s seat, thus allowing maximum daily exposure of 3.5 h. In addition, it was observed that people located at distances greater than 4 m from the micro-tractor do not need to wear personal protective equipment for an exposure of 8 h of work.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"128 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87937135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.98600
Edinson Bejarano-Toro, J. U. Sepúlveda-Valencia, Eduardo Rodriguez Sandoval
Dairy industry generates contamination due to whey dumping from the manufacture of coagulated products. Ultrafiltration technology has been extensively studied in acid whey; however, research on sweet whey ─which is obtained from the production of fresh white cheese (Campesino cheese)─ is scarce. The objective of this study was to concentrate sweet whey proteins by ultrafiltration and to evaluate the process conditions. A polyethersulfone membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 10 kDa was used. The effect of volumetric concentration factor between 5 and 18, transmembrane pressure between 2.5 and 5 bar was evaluated on the permeate flow, protein retention coefficient, and retention yield using a response surface methodology. The process optimization was carried out in that same range. Protein and fat were concentrated and underwent ultrafiltration; however, a less stable system was obtained. A higher concentration of protein can result in more collisions between molecules, thus generating flocculation. Whey protein concentrates had 18.2% of total solids out of which protein represents 45%.
{"title":"Use of Ultrafiltration Technology to Concentrate Whey Proteins after White Cheese Manufacturing","authors":"Edinson Bejarano-Toro, J. U. Sepúlveda-Valencia, Eduardo Rodriguez Sandoval","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.98600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n2.98600","url":null,"abstract":"Dairy industry generates contamination due to whey dumping from the manufacture of coagulated products. Ultrafiltration technology has been extensively studied in acid whey; however, research on sweet whey ─which is obtained from the production of fresh white cheese (Campesino cheese)─ is scarce. The objective of this study was to concentrate sweet whey proteins by ultrafiltration and to evaluate the process conditions. A polyethersulfone membrane with a molecular weight cut-off of 10 kDa was used. The effect of volumetric concentration factor between 5 and 18, transmembrane pressure between 2.5 and 5 bar was evaluated on the permeate flow, protein retention coefficient, and retention yield using a response surface methodology. The process optimization was carried out in that same range. Protein and fat were concentrated and underwent ultrafiltration; however, a less stable system was obtained. A higher concentration of protein can result in more collisions between molecules, thus generating flocculation. Whey protein concentrates had 18.2% of total solids out of which protein represents 45%.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81682103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95163
Byron Patricio Pérez Simba, Javier Alberto Garrido Espinosa, Andrea Belén Endara Vargas, Andrea Carolina Landázuri Flores, Lucía de los Ángeles Ramírez Cárdenas
This study aimed to determine the best extraction and precipitation conditions of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf protein. The influence of pH (10, 11, 12) and the concentration of NaCl (0, 0.25, 0.5) for the protein extraction process were studied through a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial arrange 32. The combination of pH 11 and 12 with 0 M NaCl had the best yield (P<0.05). The treatment of pH 11 without NaCl followed a precipitation stage for its purification, and the effect of different levels of pH (4, 4.5, 5) and temperature (40, 60, 80 °C) were evaluated using a CRD with factorial arrange 22 and 6 central points. The temperature did not affect the yield of the process in a significant way and the amount of precipitate was maximized at pH 4 and 4.5. From 100 g of the dry leaf, 7.26±0.19 g of protein was isolated with a recovery of 26.93±0.22 g 100 g-1 from the total protein. Due to their astringency and bitterness, consuming large amounts of Moringa oleifera Lam leaves is not a solution; therefore, obtaining a leaf proteinconcentrate could be useful for diverse applications in nutritional supplements, and as raw material for functional products development.
本研究旨在确定辣木的最佳提取和沉淀条件。叶的蛋白质。采用完全随机设计(CRD)、因子排列32，研究了pH(10、11、12)和NaCl浓度(0、0.25、0.5)对蛋白提取过程的影响。pH 11和12与0 M NaCl的组合产量最高(P<0.05)。在不加NaCl的情况下，pH为11后进行沉淀提纯，并利用因子排列22和6中心点的CRD评价不同pH(4、4.5、5)和温度(40、60、80°C)水平的影响。温度对产率影响不大，pH值为4和4.5时沉淀量最大。从100 g干叶中分离得到7.26±0.19 g蛋白，总蛋白回收率为26.93±0.22 g 100 g-1。由于辣木的涩味和苦味，食用大量的辣木叶子并不能解决问题;因此，获得叶片浓缩蛋白可用于营养补充剂的多种应用，并可作为功能性产品开发的原料。
{"title":"Optimization of the extraction and precipitation process of a leaf protein concentrate from Moringa oleifera Lam.","authors":"Byron Patricio Pérez Simba, Javier Alberto Garrido Espinosa, Andrea Belén Endara Vargas, Andrea Carolina Landázuri Flores, Lucía de los Ángeles Ramírez Cárdenas","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95163","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to determine the best extraction and precipitation conditions of Moringa oleifera Lam. leaf protein. The influence of pH (10, 11, 12) and the concentration of NaCl (0, 0.25, 0.5) for the protein extraction process were studied through a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with factorial arrange 32. The combination of pH 11 and 12 with 0 M NaCl had the best yield (P<0.05). The treatment of pH 11 without NaCl followed a precipitation stage for its purification, and the effect of different levels of pH (4, 4.5, 5) and temperature (40, 60, 80 °C) were evaluated using a CRD with factorial arrange 22 and 6 central points. The temperature did not affect the yield of the process in a significant way and the amount of precipitate was maximized at pH 4 and 4.5. From 100 g of the dry leaf, 7.26±0.19 g of protein was isolated with a recovery of 26.93±0.22 g 100 g-1 from the total protein. Due to their astringency and bitterness, consuming large amounts of Moringa oleifera Lam leaves is not a solution; therefore, obtaining a leaf proteinconcentrate could be useful for diverse applications in nutritional supplements, and as raw material for functional products development.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78059044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95626
Diego Ibarra-Cantún, A. Delgado-Alvarado, B. E. Herrera-Cabrera, M. L. Luna-Guevara
The study evaluated the effect of storage temperatures of 7 and 22 °C for 168 h on tomatoes (Charleston cv.) inoculated with 107 CFU mL-1 of the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli pathogroup (ETEC) strain on color indexes (hue angle, h°, and chroma, C*), firmness, titratable acidity (% citric acid), ascorbic acid, total soluble sugars and reducing sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose). ETEC survived with populations of 7 and 9.2 Log CFU g-1 at 7 and 22 °C, respectively until 120 h. Bacterial adherence and colonization under both storage conditions were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The index C* and ascorbic acid had higher values at 22 °C, while the parameters h°, firmness, and citric acid had lower values at the same storage temperature. At 7 °C, the concentration of total soluble sugars was affected; glucose and fructose showed lower values (0.054 and 0.057 g 100 g-1, respectively). Finally, the inoculated fruits exhibited significant differences in the parameters of consumer preference of fresh tomatoes such as color, firmness, sugars, and organic acids, which were affected depending on the storage temperature.
{"title":"Quality of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruits inoculated with Escherichia coli under different storage conditions","authors":"Diego Ibarra-Cantún, A. Delgado-Alvarado, B. E. Herrera-Cabrera, M. L. Luna-Guevara","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95626","url":null,"abstract":"The study evaluated the effect of storage temperatures of 7 and 22 °C for 168 h on tomatoes (Charleston cv.) inoculated with 107 CFU mL-1 of the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli pathogroup (ETEC) strain on color indexes (hue angle, h°, and chroma, C*), firmness, titratable acidity (% citric acid), ascorbic acid, total soluble sugars and reducing sugars (glucose, fructose, and sucrose). ETEC survived with populations of 7 and 9.2 Log CFU g-1 at 7 and 22 °C, respectively until 120 h. Bacterial adherence and colonization under both storage conditions were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The index C* and ascorbic acid had higher values at 22 °C, while the parameters h°, firmness, and citric acid had lower values at the same storage temperature. At 7 °C, the concentration of total soluble sugars was affected; glucose and fructose showed lower values (0.054 and 0.057 g 100 g-1, respectively). Finally, the inoculated fruits exhibited significant differences in the parameters of consumer preference of fresh tomatoes such as color, firmness, sugars, and organic acids, which were affected depending on the storage temperature.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87074470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95188
R. Parada, Franco M. Sosa, Emilio R. Marguet, Marisol Marguet
A Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, gas-forming, catalase-negative, nonmotile, non-sporeforming, vancomycin-resistant, and ovoid-shaped bacterium, designated strain Tw234, was isolated from the intestinal tract of Parona leatherjacket (Parona signata). The strain grew in the presence of 0–6% (w/v) NaCl, at pH 3.5–8.5 and 8–40 °C; optimum growth was achieved at 1% (w/v) NaCl, at pH 6.0 and 30–32 °C. Exopolysacharides production was detected by the solidification test of skim milk supplemented with sucrose in the temperature range of 8 to 30 °C. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity indicated that strain Tw234 was closed related to the genus Leuconostoc and 100% homology with the type strain Ln. mesenteroides ssp. jonggajibkimchii DRC1506 (KCCM 43249, JCM 31787). The evaluation of growth and acidification rates were carried out in white cabbage and Chinese cabbage and compared with the strain Ln. mesenteroides ssp. jonggajibkimchii RCTw1.1, isolated from the spontaneous fermentation of red cabbage. No significant differences were observed between the behaviors of the two strains. The strain Tw234 displayed higher growth and acidification rates in controlled fermentation of white cabbage compared with those obtained in Chinese cabbage. New trends are targeted on the isolation and selection of strains to achieve controlled fermentation of vegetables that may ensure uniform quality. The results obtained in this work suggest that strain Tw234 harbored technological useful properties for its potential use as a starter in controlled vegetable fermentations.
{"title":"Isolation of a Leuconostoc mesenteroides ssp. jonggajibkimchii strain from Parona leatherjacket (Parona signata): behavior in vegetal matrices fermentation","authors":"R. Parada, Franco M. Sosa, Emilio R. Marguet, Marisol Marguet","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95188","url":null,"abstract":"A Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, gas-forming, catalase-negative, nonmotile, non-sporeforming, vancomycin-resistant, and ovoid-shaped bacterium, designated strain Tw234, was isolated from the intestinal tract of Parona leatherjacket (Parona signata). The strain grew in the presence of 0–6% (w/v) NaCl, at pH 3.5–8.5 and 8–40 °C; optimum growth was achieved at 1% (w/v) NaCl, at pH 6.0 and 30–32 °C. Exopolysacharides production was detected by the solidification test of skim milk supplemented with sucrose in the temperature range of 8 to 30 °C. Results of phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity indicated that strain Tw234 was closed related to the genus Leuconostoc and 100% homology with the type strain Ln. mesenteroides ssp. jonggajibkimchii DRC1506 (KCCM 43249, JCM 31787). The evaluation of growth and acidification rates were carried out in white cabbage and Chinese cabbage and compared with the strain Ln. mesenteroides ssp. jonggajibkimchii RCTw1.1, isolated from the spontaneous fermentation of red cabbage. No significant differences were observed between the behaviors of the two strains. The strain Tw234 displayed higher growth and acidification rates in controlled fermentation of white cabbage compared with those obtained in Chinese cabbage. New trends are targeted on the isolation and selection of strains to achieve controlled fermentation of vegetables that may ensure uniform quality. The results obtained in this work suggest that strain Tw234 harbored technological useful properties for its potential use as a starter in controlled vegetable fermentations.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"120 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80775353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95199
A. Nugmanov, Assel Tokusheva, Asiya Ansabayeva, Marden Baidalin, Almagul Kalyaskarova, Aliya Uzbekovna
This study presents the results of some options to restore pastures with low productivity in the arid steppes of the Kostanay region of northern Kazakhstan, describing the effects associated with grass-legume mixtures. The effects of grass-legume mixtures, contribution to the preservation and maintenance of pasture forage crops, and the productivity of pastures were discussed. Mixtures of grasses and legumes were selected that are promising crops for arid regions.The plant density and its condition were determined based on test plots of adjacent rows of 0.5 m each, followed by counting. The plant height was determined before the yield of green mass by measuring 25 plants of each species. The yield of green mass in the maturity phase of the grass was determined by mowing and weighing the green mass in the plots, followed by the analysis of the species composition in the grass mixture and drying until air dry. The density of plants, the height of the plants, and the safety of the forage plants according to the sowing method were the data collected. In addition, the effect of grass mixtures on the productivity of forage crops to improve pastures was compared. According to these results, the highest productivity under experimental conditions was found in the wheat grassalfalfa-bromegrass variant. This information can contribute to the improvement of the state of the pastures since it is complete and inexpensive food for farm animals.
{"title":"Assessing the influence of cereal-legume mixtures on the productivity of degraded pastures in the Kostanay region of northern Kazakhstan","authors":"A. Nugmanov, Assel Tokusheva, Asiya Ansabayeva, Marden Baidalin, Almagul Kalyaskarova, Aliya Uzbekovna","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.95199","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the results of some options to restore pastures with low productivity in the arid steppes of the Kostanay region of northern Kazakhstan, describing the effects associated with grass-legume mixtures. The effects of grass-legume mixtures, contribution to the preservation and maintenance of pasture forage crops, and the productivity of pastures were discussed. Mixtures of grasses and legumes were selected that are promising crops for arid regions.The plant density and its condition were determined based on test plots of adjacent rows of 0.5 m each, followed by counting. The plant height was determined before the yield of green mass by measuring 25 plants of each species. The yield of green mass in the maturity phase of the grass was determined by mowing and weighing the green mass in the plots, followed by the analysis of the species composition in the grass mixture and drying until air dry. The density of plants, the height of the plants, and the safety of the forage plants according to the sowing method were the data collected. In addition, the effect of grass mixtures on the productivity of forage crops to improve pastures was compared. According to these results, the highest productivity under experimental conditions was found in the wheat grassalfalfa-bromegrass variant. This information can contribute to the improvement of the state of the pastures since it is complete and inexpensive food for farm animals.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82170903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.93900
Natalie Tatiana Acosta Castellanos, Jairo Humberto López Vargas, Diego Alonso Restrepo Molina, Germán Afanador Tellez
Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto del biotipo, la edad al sacrificio, la condición sexual y el sistema de alimentación sobre la dureza de cuatro cortes comerciales: Lomo (Longissimus dorsi), Bota (Biceps femoris), Muchacho (Semitendinosus) y Paletero (Infraspinatus), provenientes de 50 bovinos pertenecientes a sistemas de doble propósito del trópico alto en el departamento de Cundinamarca, Colombia. Para la obtención de los valores en este atributo se emplearon los métodos de medición instrumental de fuerza de corte con cuchilla de Warner-Bratzler y la evaluación sensorial, cuya correlación fue del 71%. Esto permitió la elaboración de una escala de dureza en la cual los cortes Lomo y Paletero se ubicaron en la categoría de “suave” (blando) y se comportaron estadísticamente igual en ambos métodos de medición, mientras que los cortes Bota y Muchacho se ubicaron en la categoría de “medio” y tuvieron diferencias estadísticas de acuerdo con la percepción dada por el panel sensorial. Así mismo, los resultados obtenidos mostraron diferencias significativas entre los cortes, destacando al Paletero por su menor valor de dureza y comportamiento similar al Lomo. Efectos significativos sobre la dureza de la carne fueron encontrados para todos los factores a excepción de la edad, lo cual muestra la influencia que tienen estos y su manejo en finca sobre la calidad de la carne.
{"title":"Commercial meat cuts hardness of dual-purpose cattle from Cundinamarca (Colombia) high tropics zone","authors":"Natalie Tatiana Acosta Castellanos, Jairo Humberto López Vargas, Diego Alonso Restrepo Molina, Germán Afanador Tellez","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.93900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.93900","url":null,"abstract":"Este estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto del biotipo, la edad al sacrificio, la condición sexual y el sistema de alimentación sobre la dureza de cuatro cortes comerciales: Lomo (Longissimus dorsi), Bota (Biceps femoris), Muchacho (Semitendinosus) y Paletero (Infraspinatus), provenientes de 50 bovinos pertenecientes a sistemas de doble propósito del trópico alto en el departamento de Cundinamarca, Colombia. Para la obtención de los valores en este atributo se emplearon los métodos de medición instrumental de fuerza de corte con cuchilla de Warner-Bratzler y la evaluación sensorial, cuya correlación fue del 71%. Esto permitió la elaboración de una escala de dureza en la cual los cortes Lomo y Paletero se ubicaron en la categoría de “suave” (blando) y se comportaron estadísticamente igual en ambos métodos de medición, mientras que los cortes Bota y Muchacho se ubicaron en la categoría de “medio” y tuvieron diferencias estadísticas de acuerdo con la percepción dada por el panel sensorial. Así mismo, los resultados obtenidos mostraron diferencias significativas entre los cortes, destacando al Paletero por su menor valor de dureza y comportamiento similar al Lomo. Efectos significativos sobre la dureza de la carne fueron encontrados para todos los factores a excepción de la edad, lo cual muestra la influencia que tienen estos y su manejo en finca sobre la calidad de la carne.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77767869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.96247
Lina Marcela Guerra García, Robinson Osorio Hernandez, Jairo Alexander Osorio Saráz, Joyce Correna Carlo, Flavio Alves Damasceno
This study aimed to evaluate the bioclimatic performance of three wet coffee processing facilities in Colombia, focused on the conditions for workers and coffee parchment, through computer simulation. In addition to temperature and relative humidity, the Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature index (WBGT) was simulated during the highest coffee production month. The proposed simulation model was able to predict hygrothermal behavior within the three coffee processing facilities. Case 3 presented the warmest environment, and case 2 the most humid environment concerning the appropriate conditions for the coffee and the worker. The WBGT index limit was exceeded in case 3. Since this type of facility emits large amounts of heat and steam, constructive modifications are suggested to improve the environmental conditions of workers and coffee. Mainly, the physical separation of the heat exchangers is recommended, which ideally should be outside the post-harvest facility. The steam produced in the drying process should be quickly evacuated with ventilation strategies. Additionally, the use of strategies that reduce the energy gain from solar radiation is suggested.
{"title":"Bioclimatic performance of wet coffee processing facilities: conditions for workers and coffee","authors":"Lina Marcela Guerra García, Robinson Osorio Hernandez, Jairo Alexander Osorio Saráz, Joyce Correna Carlo, Flavio Alves Damasceno","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.96247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n1.96247","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to evaluate the bioclimatic performance of three wet coffee processing facilities in Colombia, focused on the conditions for workers and coffee parchment, through computer simulation. In addition to temperature and relative humidity, the Wet-Bulb Globe Temperature index (WBGT) was simulated during the highest coffee production month. The proposed simulation model was able to predict hygrothermal behavior within the three coffee processing facilities. Case 3 presented the warmest environment, and case 2 the most humid environment concerning the appropriate conditions for the coffee and the worker. The WBGT index limit was exceeded in case 3. Since this type of facility emits large amounts of heat and steam, constructive modifications are suggested to improve the environmental conditions of workers and coffee. Mainly, the physical separation of the heat exchangers is recommended, which ideally should be outside the post-harvest facility. The steam produced in the drying process should be quickly evacuated with ventilation strategies. Additionally, the use of strategies that reduce the energy gain from solar radiation is suggested.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89643923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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