Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.98202
H. Heidari, Saeideh Sargol Hosseini
Maize is a plant cultivated as fodder or seed. The seeds of this plant are used for poultry and the fresh fodder or silage is required for animal husbandry. In the research, the dual-purpose cropping possibility of maize for fodder and seed harvesting under nitrogen application was assessed. A field experiment and a laboratory experiment were conducted in 2014. The field experiment was performed as a split-plot design. Studied factors were the topping factor (topping (stem removal at the top of the ear) or no topping) and nitrogen fertilizer factor (nitrogen application of 0, 75, and 150 kg ha-1). In the laboratory experiment, germination traits of produced seeds from the maternal plant under topping and nitrogen were studied. Results showed that no topping had the highest ear weight. Topping and nitrogen did not affect seed number per maize ear row. Topping had a lower 100-seed weight and seed yield than no topping. Nitrogen did not affect seed yield and 100-seed weight. Topping and nitrogen application did not affect germination percentage, radical length, caulicle length, and vigor of produced seed at the seed milking stage. Nitrogen application at this stage could not compensate for the damage caused by the topping. Maize topping at the seed dough stage may be evaluated in future studies.
玉米是一种作为饲料或种子种植的植物。这种植物的种子用于家禽，新鲜饲料或青贮饲料是畜牧业所需要的。本研究对施氮条件下玉米饲料和种子双重用途种植的可能性进行了评价。2014年进行了野外试验和室内试验。田间试验采用分畦设计。研究因子为打顶因子(打顶(穗顶去茎)或不打顶)和氮肥因子(施氮量分别为0、75和150 kg hm -1)。在室内试验中，研究了在打顶和施氮条件下母株生产的种子的萌发特性。结果表明，未打顶的穗重最高。打顶和施氮对玉米穗行种子数无影响。打顶比不打顶的百粒重和籽粒产量低。施氮对种子产量和百粒重没有影响。灌浆期打顶和施氮对产出种子的发芽率、根长、茎长和活力无显著影响。这一阶段施氮不能弥补顶部造成的损害。在未来的研究中，可以对玉米种子面团阶段的浇头进行评价。
{"title":"Effect of removal of the upper stem of the ear (topping) and nitrogen application on maize for dual-purpose production of fodder and seed","authors":"H. Heidari, Saeideh Sargol Hosseini","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.98202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.98202","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is a plant cultivated as fodder or seed. The seeds of this plant are used for poultry and the fresh fodder or silage is required for animal husbandry. In the research, the dual-purpose cropping possibility of maize for fodder and seed harvesting under nitrogen application was assessed. A field experiment and a laboratory experiment were conducted in 2014. The field experiment was performed as a split-plot design. Studied factors were the topping factor (topping (stem removal at the top of the ear) or no topping) and nitrogen fertilizer factor (nitrogen application of 0, 75, and 150 kg ha-1). In the laboratory experiment, germination traits of produced seeds from the maternal plant under topping and nitrogen were studied. Results showed that no topping had the highest ear weight. Topping and nitrogen did not affect seed number per maize ear row. Topping had a lower 100-seed weight and seed yield than no topping. Nitrogen did not affect seed yield and 100-seed weight. Topping and nitrogen application did not affect germination percentage, radical length, caulicle length, and vigor of produced seed at the seed milking stage. Nitrogen application at this stage could not compensate for the damage caused by the topping. Maize topping at the seed dough stage may be evaluated in future studies.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84750880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100520
J. L. Narváez-Semanate, Carmen Alicia Daza Bolaños, Carlos Eduardo Valencia-Hoyos, Diego Tomás Hurtado-Garzón, D. C. Acosta-Jurado
Bovine mastitis is defined as inflammation of the udder caused mainly by bacterial pathogens and depending on the degree of inflammation it is classified as subclinical and clinical. Particularly in the subclinical form, there are no alterations in milk, udder or animal, but it does affect its components, impairing its use in the dairy industry, and leading to significant economic losses due to discard and decrease in production. Therefore, the detection of subclinical mastitis is based on field and laboratory tests. Currently, there are several methods, mostly based on the measurement of somatic cells present in milk because of the inflammatory process. In this paper, an approach is made on the different methods of detection of subclinical mastitis in milk from conventional or traditional to alternative methods with greater precision.
{"title":"Diagnostic methods of subclinical mastitis in bovine milk: an overview","authors":"J. L. Narváez-Semanate, Carmen Alicia Daza Bolaños, Carlos Eduardo Valencia-Hoyos, Diego Tomás Hurtado-Garzón, D. C. Acosta-Jurado","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100520","url":null,"abstract":"Bovine mastitis is defined as inflammation of the udder caused mainly by bacterial pathogens and depending on the degree of inflammation it is classified as subclinical and clinical. Particularly in the subclinical form, there are no alterations in milk, udder or animal, but it does affect its components, impairing its use in the dairy industry, and leading to significant economic losses due to discard and decrease in production. Therefore, the detection of subclinical mastitis is based on field and laboratory tests. Currently, there are several methods, mostly based on the measurement of somatic cells present in milk because of the inflammatory process. In this paper, an approach is made on the different methods of detection of subclinical mastitis in milk from conventional or traditional to alternative methods with greater precision.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"148 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77363661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100538
S. Santacruz, José Coloma Hurel
Mango is a fruit consumed all over the world. There are some methods used during storage such as modified atmosphere, hot steam, irradiation, wax coating, and immersion in hot water to extend mango shelf life. However, heat treatment accelerates maturation and reduces organoleptic quality. Edible coatings are also used to extend the shelf life of food. Edible coatings are layers made of proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, antimicrobial components, antioxidants, or a mixture of them. Additives with antimicrobial, antioxidant, or other properties, are added to coatings to improve their functionality. Coatings improve food quality by slowing down unwanted changes and extending shelf life. Knowing that starch is not the best material for preparing edible coatings, in the present work, it was modified by adding salicylic acid or a cinnamaldehyde-thymol mixture to the cassava starch coating-forming solution. Cassava starch or chitosan coatings were applied to Tommy Atkins mangoes. Total soluble solids, titratable acidity, weight loss, and instrumental texture (firmness) were determined over four weeks of storage at 12 °C and 90% of relative humidity. Mangoes coated with cassava starch containing salicylic acid (SSA) had the highest weight loss, while fruits coated with starch-cinnamaldehyde-thymol (SCT) had the lowest weight loss during the whole storage time. The titratable acidity showed a decrease throughout the four weeks of storage. However, in the third week of storage, mangoes coated with chitosan, SSA, and SCT samples ripened more slowly, as indicated by higher acidity than uncoated samples. The SSA and chitosan-coated mangoes showed statistically similar penetration forces that were also higher than the SCT and uncoated samples. Cinnamaldehyde-thymol improved the hydrophobic characteristics of the starch coatings and therefore, it reduced the weight loss of mango during storage.
{"title":"Salicylic acid, cinnamaldehyde, and thymol incorporated into cassava starch coatings for mango preservation","authors":"S. Santacruz, José Coloma Hurel","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100538","url":null,"abstract":"Mango is a fruit consumed all over the world. There are some methods used during storage such as modified atmosphere, hot steam, irradiation, wax coating, and immersion in hot water to extend mango shelf life. However, heat treatment accelerates maturation and reduces organoleptic quality. Edible coatings are also used to extend the shelf life of food. Edible coatings are layers made of proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, antimicrobial components, antioxidants, or a mixture of them. Additives with antimicrobial, antioxidant, or other properties, are added to coatings to improve their functionality. Coatings improve food quality by slowing down unwanted changes and extending shelf life. Knowing that starch is not the best material for preparing edible coatings, in the present work, it was modified by adding salicylic acid or a cinnamaldehyde-thymol mixture to the cassava starch coating-forming solution. Cassava starch or chitosan coatings were applied to Tommy Atkins mangoes. Total soluble solids, titratable acidity, weight loss, and instrumental texture (firmness) were determined over four weeks of storage at 12 °C and 90% of relative humidity. Mangoes coated with cassava starch containing salicylic acid (SSA) had the highest weight loss, while fruits coated with starch-cinnamaldehyde-thymol (SCT) had the lowest weight loss during the whole storage time. The titratable acidity showed a decrease throughout the four weeks of storage. However, in the third week of storage, mangoes coated with chitosan, SSA, and SCT samples ripened more slowly, as indicated by higher acidity than uncoated samples. The SSA and chitosan-coated mangoes showed statistically similar penetration forces that were also higher than the SCT and uncoated samples. Cinnamaldehyde-thymol improved the hydrophobic characteristics of the starch coatings and therefore, it reduced the weight loss of mango during storage.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80030555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.99145
Francisco Javier Hernández Guzmán, J. Cleves-Leguízamo, Eliecer David Diaz Almanza
Methodological criteria for data quality control with geophysical range and spectrum consistency were evaluated, establishing flags and quality indicators for soil moisture data records, in a range of depths between 10, 30, and 50 cm, from automatic agro-meteorological stations located in the most important agricultural regions of Colombia. Data for analysis were collected from 105 stations of the IDEAM network, in an observation window from 2001-2020. The results showed that 40.3% of the soil moisture data were of good quality, 12.9% were questionable due to spectrum flags, 14.3% were questionable due to geophysical range and 32% were erroneous because the values were not possible and/or missing. The depth closest to the surface had the highest number of quality flags, suggesting that the soil layer has the highest error detection rate associated with soil moisture condition recording; the most common quality flag was C02: “Soil moisture >60% & ≤100%”, detected in 93% of the sensors, and the second most frequent flag was C01: “Soil moisture ≥0% & <3%”. It was concluded that the proposed methodology provides highly satisfactory results in the detection of anomalous soil moisture records, in order to make adjustments to the environmental conditions of Colombia.
{"title":"A methodological proposal for quality control of the soil moisture variable, measured in Colombian automatic agrometeorological stations","authors":"Francisco Javier Hernández Guzmán, J. Cleves-Leguízamo, Eliecer David Diaz Almanza","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.99145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.99145","url":null,"abstract":"Methodological criteria for data quality control with geophysical range and spectrum consistency were evaluated, establishing flags and quality indicators for soil moisture data records, in a range of depths between 10, 30, and 50 cm, from automatic agro-meteorological stations located in the most important agricultural regions of Colombia. Data for analysis were collected from 105 stations of the IDEAM network, in an observation window from 2001-2020. The results showed that 40.3% of the soil moisture data were of good quality, 12.9% were questionable due to spectrum flags, 14.3% were questionable due to geophysical range and 32% were erroneous because the values were not possible and/or missing. The depth closest to the surface had the highest number of quality flags, suggesting that the soil layer has the highest error detection rate associated with soil moisture condition recording; the most common quality flag was C02: “Soil moisture >60% & ≤100%”, detected in 93% of the sensors, and the second most frequent flag was C01: “Soil moisture ≥0% & <3%”. It was concluded that the proposed methodology provides highly satisfactory results in the detection of anomalous soil moisture records, in order to make adjustments to the environmental conditions of Colombia.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90892046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.97593
E. Prihastanti, Y. Nurchayati
Plant physiological status during the growing season (specific leaf area (SLA), resorption of N and P)leads to knowing the best plant nutrition management (amount and time) based on the plating pattern. Furthermore, proline and glucose content in root tissues may provide a better technique to represent plant stress conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the SLA, the level of reabsorption of N and P from the leaf, and root proline and glucose content of cocoa plants in different seasons and planting patterns. This study was performed in the fields of Plana village, Somagede, Banyumas, 14 Central Java, Indonesia, and was conducted in December 2015 (rainy season) and October 2016 (dry season) on 7 years-old cocoa plants (Theobroma cacao). Three different planting patterns were observed; (1) only cocoa plants, (2) cocoa and coconut pattern, and (3) cocoa with shading trees. The results showed that different seasons and planting patterns affected each observed parameter differently. Cocoas’ SLA was not significantly different in all areas for both 2015 and 2016. N resorption during the growing season did not change in 2015 and 2016 in all planting patterns, whereas P resorption had a significant change in 2016 in all planting patterns. The proline content was significantly different in June 2015, October 2015, and March 2016 in all planting patterns. The glucose content in roots showed insignificant differences in 2015 and 2016 in all planting patterns. These results also showed that SLA and glucose did respond to season and plating patterns. These parameters are suggested as poor indicators of physiological status. Furthermore, sowing cocoa plants with other types of plants can be used to help farmers and stakeholders in managing cocoa cultivation in efficient and sustainable ways.
{"title":"Nitrogen and phosphorus as macronutrients of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) and their physiological functions in different planting patterns of cultivation in Central Java, Indonesia","authors":"E. Prihastanti, Y. Nurchayati","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.97593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.97593","url":null,"abstract":"Plant physiological status during the growing season (specific leaf area (SLA), resorption of N and P)leads to knowing the best plant nutrition management (amount and time) based on the plating pattern. Furthermore, proline and glucose content in root tissues may provide a better technique to represent plant stress conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the SLA, the level of reabsorption of N and P from the leaf, and root proline and glucose content of cocoa plants in different seasons and planting patterns. This study was performed in the fields of Plana village, Somagede, Banyumas, 14 Central Java, Indonesia, and was conducted in December 2015 (rainy season) and October 2016 (dry season) on 7 years-old cocoa plants (Theobroma cacao). Three different planting patterns were observed; (1) only cocoa plants, (2) cocoa and coconut pattern, and (3) cocoa with shading trees. The results showed that different seasons and planting patterns affected each observed parameter differently. Cocoas’ SLA was not significantly different in all areas for both 2015 and 2016. N resorption during the growing season did not change in 2015 and 2016 in all planting patterns, whereas P resorption had a significant change in 2016 in all planting patterns. The proline content was significantly different in June 2015, October 2015, and March 2016 in all planting patterns. The glucose content in roots showed insignificant differences in 2015 and 2016 in all planting patterns. These results also showed that SLA and glucose did respond to season and plating patterns. These parameters are suggested as poor indicators of physiological status. Furthermore, sowing cocoa plants with other types of plants can be used to help farmers and stakeholders in managing cocoa cultivation in efficient and sustainable ways.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83876698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Demand for citrus (Citrus spp) plants for commercial orchards has increased worldwide due to the need for new plantations, renewal of disease-effected crops, and strict regulation for plant production. To evaluate faster and low-cost propagation alternatives for citrus, “Valencia” orange plants were propagated by using two minigrafting techniques (Cleft and inverted T-budding). Rootstocks were raised from “Cleopatra” mandarin seeds, and scions and buds were isolated from 1-year-old grafted plants. For cleft minigrafts, scions were inserted at 5-7 cm height inside of the decapitated rootstocks and covered with Eppendorf® tubes. For T-budding, buds were inserted at 5-7 cm height under the rootstock cortex cut. Unions were fixed with Parafilm®. Grafted plants were maintained under a shade house (50%) with two daily fog irrigation (2 min each). Treatments were distributed with a completely randomized design. Six weeks after grafting, the percentage of success, the shoot length, and the number of leaves per treatment were registered and analyzed with a T test (α=0.05). Cleft minigraft resulted in a higher success percentage and plants with larger shoots. Cleft minigraft could be considered an alternative for citrus propagation in small and medium size nurseries.
{"title":"Propagation of “Valencia” orange (Citrus x sinensis Osbeck) by minigraft","authors":"Isidro Elías Suárez Padrón, Cristian Alvarez Correa, Claudia Marcela Lopez Diaz","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.99339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.99339","url":null,"abstract":"Demand for citrus (Citrus spp) plants for commercial orchards has increased worldwide due to the need for new plantations, renewal of disease-effected crops, and strict regulation for plant production. To evaluate faster and low-cost propagation alternatives for citrus, “Valencia” orange plants were propagated by using two minigrafting techniques (Cleft and inverted T-budding). Rootstocks were raised from “Cleopatra” mandarin seeds, and scions and buds were isolated from 1-year-old grafted plants. For cleft minigrafts, scions were inserted at 5-7 cm height inside of the decapitated rootstocks and covered with Eppendorf® tubes. For T-budding, buds were inserted at 5-7 cm height under the rootstock cortex cut. Unions were fixed with Parafilm®. Grafted plants were maintained under a shade house (50%) with two daily fog irrigation (2 min each). Treatments were distributed with a completely randomized design. Six weeks after grafting, the percentage of success, the shoot length, and the number of leaves per treatment were registered and analyzed with a T test (α=0.05). Cleft minigraft resulted in a higher success percentage and plants with larger shoots. Cleft minigraft could be considered an alternative for citrus propagation in small and medium size nurseries.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85026839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100638
Asma Lamara, Z. Fellahi, A. Hannachi, R. Benniou
The genetic improvement of any breeding population largely depends upon the magnitude of genetic variability present. This study was carried out to estimate parameters of the genetic variation among 13 quantitative traits of bread wheat evaluated at INRAA-Setif institute (Algeria) during the 2020–2021 crop season in a rainfed environment. 34 genotypes including four control checks were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Genotypes showed significant variations for almost all the studied traits. Proline content, spikes weight, and grain yield exhibited a high genotypic coefficient of variation along with moderate to high heritability coupled with a high genetic gain, suggesting the implication of additive gene action. The number of spikes, spikes weight, and thousand kernel weight were significantly and positively correlated with grain yield at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path analysis results showed that spikes weight is an important route through which most of the measured traits influenced indirectly grain yield. Lines L1, L20, L28, L16, and L18 exhibited a sizeable grain yield advantage, which suggests they are potential candidates for future release and could be incorporated into the wheat breeding programs as parents to improve yield in the rainfed environments of Algeria
{"title":"Assessing the phenotypic variation, heritability and genetic advance in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) candidate lines grown under rainfed semi-arid region of Algeria","authors":"Asma Lamara, Z. Fellahi, A. Hannachi, R. Benniou","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100638","url":null,"abstract":"The genetic improvement of any breeding population largely depends upon the magnitude of genetic variability present. This study was carried out to estimate parameters of the genetic variation among 13 quantitative traits of bread wheat evaluated at INRAA-Setif institute (Algeria) during the 2020–2021 crop season in a rainfed environment. 34 genotypes including four control checks were planted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Genotypes showed significant variations for almost all the studied traits. Proline content, spikes weight, and grain yield exhibited a high genotypic coefficient of variation along with moderate to high heritability coupled with a high genetic gain, suggesting the implication of additive gene action. The number of spikes, spikes weight, and thousand kernel weight were significantly and positively correlated with grain yield at both phenotypic and genotypic levels. Path analysis results showed that spikes weight is an important route through which most of the measured traits influenced indirectly grain yield. Lines L1, L20, L28, L16, and L18 exhibited a sizeable grain yield advantage, which suggests they are potential candidates for future release and could be incorporated into the wheat breeding programs as parents to improve yield in the rainfed environments of Algeria","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84010330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.99558
Maria Auxiliadora Faican Benenaula, A. Piagentini, M. Pirovani
Fresh-cut apples were subjected to mild vacuum impregnation (Vacuum pressure=67.7 mbar). M0: 30 °Brix honey solution (HS); M0.5: HS+0.5% citric acid (CA)+0.5% ascorbic acid (AA); and M1: HS+1% CA+1% AA were used as osmotic solutions. Changes in soluble solids (SS), pH, firmness, color (∆E*ab), total phenolic and vitamin C content, and antioxidant capacity were evaluated on days 0 and 7 of storage at 1.5 °C. Mass transfer parameters were calculated. The best results were obtained with the M1 treatment. Vacuum-impregnated fresh-cut apples gained solids (3.3%) and weight (1.6%) and lost water (1.8%). The following modifications were observed on day 0: an increase of SS (26%), a reduction in firmness (14%), a slight color change (∆E*ab=3.3), a great increase in vitamin C content (31 times higher than in fresh-cut fruits) and increases in total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity (27% and 77%, respectively). On day 7 of storage, an additional reduction of firmness was observed, but the other attributes were maintained or increased. The M1 treatment is an appropriate alternative for processing fresh-cut apples and obtaining improved healthy attributes.
{"title":"Vacuum impregnation of fresh-cut apples with osmotic solutions containing honey","authors":"Maria Auxiliadora Faican Benenaula, A. Piagentini, M. Pirovani","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.99558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.99558","url":null,"abstract":"Fresh-cut apples were subjected to mild vacuum impregnation (Vacuum pressure=67.7 mbar). M0: 30 °Brix honey solution (HS); M0.5: HS+0.5% citric acid (CA)+0.5% ascorbic acid (AA); and M1: HS+1% CA+1% AA were used as osmotic solutions. Changes in soluble solids (SS), pH, firmness, color (∆E*ab), total phenolic and vitamin C content, and antioxidant capacity were evaluated on days 0 and 7 of storage at 1.5 °C. Mass transfer parameters were calculated. The best results were obtained with the M1 treatment. Vacuum-impregnated fresh-cut apples gained solids (3.3%) and weight (1.6%) and lost water (1.8%). The following modifications were observed on day 0: an increase of SS (26%), a reduction in firmness (14%), a slight color change (∆E*ab=3.3), a great increase in vitamin C content (31 times higher than in fresh-cut fruits) and increases in total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity (27% and 77%, respectively). On day 7 of storage, an additional reduction of firmness was observed, but the other attributes were maintained or increased. The M1 treatment is an appropriate alternative for processing fresh-cut apples and obtaining improved healthy attributes.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90238047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100736
Franklin Hitler Fernandez-Zarate, Annick Estefany Huaccha-Castillo, Lenin Quiñones-Huatangari, Tito Sanchez-Santillán
Cinchona pubescens es una especie icónica de Perú ya que fue usada como único tratamiento efectivo contra la malaria por más de tres siglos. Esta especie está amenazada por diversas actividades antropogénicas y su propagación está supeditada a la dispersión de semillas cuyo poder de germinación es bajo, por ende, es necesario conservarla y propagarla. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto del sustrato sobre la germinación de C. pubescens. Se aplicó un diseño completamente aleatorio con cinco tratamientos según el tipo de sustrato T1 (25% tierra de bosque+75% arena), T2 (50% tierra de bosque+50% arena), T3 (75% tierra de bosque+25% arena), T4 (100% Tierra de bosque) y T5 (100% arena), la tierra de bosque fue extraída de zonas donde C. pubescens está presente de forma natural. En los tratamientos se utilizaron tres réplicas y 100 semillas por cada réplica. La germinación de C. pubescens inició 12 días después de la siembra hasta el día 42. El T4 tuvo un mejor efecto sobre el índice (14,23±0,41), tiempo (24,18±0,69) y porcentaje de germinación (88,3±2,88%); seguido por los tratamientos T3 y T2. Mientras que el T5 fue el tratamiento con menor efecto sobre la germinación de C. pubescens. El estudio indicó que el tipo de sustrato empleado influye significativamente en la germinación de las semillas de C. pubescens, por lo que se sugiere emplear el sustrato procedente de bosque natural sin combinación para alcanzar índices altos de germinación y propagar esta especie.
{"title":"¿Tiene influencia el sustrato sobre la germinación de Cinchona pubescens Vahl. (Rubiaceae)?","authors":"Franklin Hitler Fernandez-Zarate, Annick Estefany Huaccha-Castillo, Lenin Quiñones-Huatangari, Tito Sanchez-Santillán","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.100736","url":null,"abstract":"Cinchona pubescens es una especie icónica de Perú ya que fue usada como único tratamiento efectivo contra la malaria por más de tres siglos. Esta especie está amenazada por diversas actividades antropogénicas y su propagación está supeditada a la dispersión de semillas cuyo poder de germinación es bajo, por ende, es necesario conservarla y propagarla. El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto del sustrato sobre la germinación de C. pubescens. Se aplicó un diseño completamente aleatorio con cinco tratamientos según el tipo de sustrato T1 (25% tierra de bosque+75% arena), T2 (50% tierra de bosque+50% arena), T3 (75% tierra de bosque+25% arena), T4 (100% Tierra de bosque) y T5 (100% arena), la tierra de bosque fue extraída de zonas donde C. pubescens está presente de forma natural. En los tratamientos se utilizaron tres réplicas y 100 semillas por cada réplica. La germinación de C. pubescens inició 12 días después de la siembra hasta el día 42. El T4 tuvo un mejor efecto sobre el índice (14,23±0,41), tiempo (24,18±0,69) y porcentaje de germinación (88,3±2,88%); seguido por los tratamientos T3 y T2. Mientras que el T5 fue el tratamiento con menor efecto sobre la germinación de C. pubescens. El estudio indicó que el tipo de sustrato empleado influye significativamente en la germinación de las semillas de C. pubescens, por lo que se sugiere emplear el sustrato procedente de bosque natural sin combinación para alcanzar índices altos de germinación y propagar esta especie.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73124144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.99191
C. Benavides-Cardona, Carlos Alberto Marcillo-Paguay, L. Gómez-Gil, J. Romero
The variability of potato cultivars and environments in the production area of Nariño-Colombia, demands the adjustment of agronomic recommendations for the improvement of crop management. Physiological behavior and yield of four short-cycle potato cultivars were evaluated: Solanum tuberosum Phureja groups (Mambera, Ratona Morada and Criolla Colombia) and Andigena (Morasurco), under three environments, characterized edaphoclimatically (AH1, AH2, and AH4) and three fertilization levels. The yield components did not present differences between these levels, except for AH2, where level 3 surpassed the others in yield, and AH3 for harvest index with differences between levels. Regarding the cultivars, there were statistical differences in all environments; the highest yield was obtained by Ratona Morada and Mambera in AH4, Criolla Colombia in AH1, and a homogeneous behavior for Morasurco in all environments. In AH1 and AH2 the physiological indexes were similar in proportion and occurrence, while in AH4 the behavior was variable, with higher values in Morasurco and Mambera. ANOVA and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) differentiated Morasurco from Phureja cultivars and Criolla Colombia from Ratona and Mambera. The grouping of environments in the DAPC ratifies the classification of the environments. The nutritional requirements of the genotypes can be limited by elements different from those evaluated; the productivity was mainly influenced by the environments; Mambera and Ratona Morada are established as alternatives in the AH4 environment, and Criolla Colombia and Morasurco in the other environments.
{"title":"Physiological and yield response to fertilization of short-cycle Solanum tuberosum cultivars in three high-Andean environments","authors":"C. Benavides-Cardona, Carlos Alberto Marcillo-Paguay, L. Gómez-Gil, J. Romero","doi":"10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.99191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v75n3.99191","url":null,"abstract":"The variability of potato cultivars and environments in the production area of Nariño-Colombia, demands the adjustment of agronomic recommendations for the improvement of crop management. Physiological behavior and yield of four short-cycle potato cultivars were evaluated: Solanum tuberosum Phureja groups (Mambera, Ratona Morada and Criolla Colombia) and Andigena (Morasurco), under three environments, characterized edaphoclimatically (AH1, AH2, and AH4) and three fertilization levels. The yield components did not present differences between these levels, except for AH2, where level 3 surpassed the others in yield, and AH3 for harvest index with differences between levels. Regarding the cultivars, there were statistical differences in all environments; the highest yield was obtained by Ratona Morada and Mambera in AH4, Criolla Colombia in AH1, and a homogeneous behavior for Morasurco in all environments. In AH1 and AH2 the physiological indexes were similar in proportion and occurrence, while in AH4 the behavior was variable, with higher values in Morasurco and Mambera. ANOVA and discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC) differentiated Morasurco from Phureja cultivars and Criolla Colombia from Ratona and Mambera. The grouping of environments in the DAPC ratifies the classification of the environments. The nutritional requirements of the genotypes can be limited by elements different from those evaluated; the productivity was mainly influenced by the environments; Mambera and Ratona Morada are established as alternatives in the AH4 environment, and Criolla Colombia and Morasurco in the other environments.","PeriodicalId":37747,"journal":{"name":"Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomia Medellin","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82684957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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