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Tendenzen beruflicher Kommunikation im Deutschen am Beispiel der Verordnung über die Berufsausbildung zum Kraftfahrzeugmechatroniker und zur Kraftfahrzeugmechatronikerin 比如在关于汽车机电一体化者和汽车机电一体化者的政策方面德国人的职业交流趋势
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2017-12-20 DOI: 10.1515/glot-2017-0010
T. Roelcke
Abstract Rapid alteration (dynamisation), increased specialisation (differentiation) and growing variety (decentralisation) are considered to be essential tendencies in current professional communication and already implemented in the training regulations of different professions. The present article sets the term for professional communication in contrast to the conceptual more difficult term for jargon. Further and referring to this basis, the three mentioned tendencies will be depicted and discussed in relation to the professional training for automotive mechatronix engineers.
摘要快速变化(动态化)、专业化(差异化)和多样化(分散化)被认为是当前职业交流的基本趋势,并已在不同职业的培训条例中实施。这篇文章设置了专业交流的术语,而不是术语中概念上更难理解的术语。在此基础上,结合汽车机械工程师的专业培训,对上述三种趋势进行描述和讨论。
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引用次数: 4
Application of modern classification methods in the study of bilingualism 现代分类方法在双语研究中的应用
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2017-12-20 DOI: 10.1515/glot-2017-0013
A. Vargha, A. Borbely
Abstract The main goal of the present paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of some modern cluster analytic techniques in linguistics by means of data from a longitudinal study of language shift of a Romanian community living in Hungary (Borbély 2016). Based on this sample we attempted to explore statistically valid and linguistically meaningful homogeneous types, which characterize bilingual adult persons of a Romanian community in Hungary. Cluster analyses identified seven main types of language shift. It was also shown that the way from the monolingual Romanian to the monolingual Hungarian state is not a linear process. This may give a chance to a successful intervention to slow down the process of assimilation and language shift. Our analyses demonstrated also the usefulness of the MORI indices (Vargha Bergman & Takács 2016) in determining a proper cluster number, and in the validation of a cluster structure, mainly with the application of a correlated random multidimensional normal data set.
摘要本文的主要目标是通过对匈牙利罗马尼亚社区语言迁移的纵向研究(Borbély 2016)的数据,证明一些现代聚类分析技术在语言学中的有用性。基于这个样本,我们试图探索统计上有效和语言上有意义的同质类型,这些类型是匈牙利罗马尼亚社区双语成年人的特征。聚类分析确定了语言转换的七种主要类型。研究还表明,从单一语言的罗马尼亚人到单一语言的匈牙利人的状态不是一个线性过程。这可能会给一个成功干预的机会,以减缓同化和语言转变的过程。我们的分析还证明了MORI指数(Vargha-Bergman&Takács 2016)在确定适当的聚类数和验证聚类结构方面的有用性,主要是通过应用相关的随机多维正态数据集。
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引用次数: 4
Reversibilität von Paarformeln und Binomialen: Methodologische Aspekte 期中失修的期中期中期中
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2017-12-20 DOI: 10.1515/glot-2017-0012
Emmerich Kelih
Abstract In the paper two statistical methods are presented for the analysis of the reversibility of the component order in binomials (conjoined expressions, freezes). Based on the frequency of binomials, occurring in variable component order, a binomial test and an asymptotic test is applied to give statistical evidence of the significance of the reversibility. By the means of these two tests in a sample of Slovene binomials the group of conditionally irreversible binomials is obtained.
摘要本文给出了二项(连词、冻结)中分量顺序可逆性的两种统计分析方法。根据二项以变分量顺序出现的频率,采用二项检验和渐近检验给出了可逆性显著性的统计证据。通过对斯洛文尼亚二项式的两个检验,得到了条件不可逆二项式群。
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引用次数: 0
Improvement through/despite Emails 通过/不通过电子邮件进行改进
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2017-09-26 DOI: 10.1515/glot-2017-0004
K. Pelikan
Abstract Email flooding, deleting emails without reading them – both common parts of our daily workflows. Emails need to motivate their recipients to read them and of course, the number of emails we receive every day play a crucial role. The present paper shall not only describe how the email communication between the members of a research project could be enhanced, but also show how helpful emails are for implementing strategic communication optimisation. By involving the project members as probands in a study based on AMASA (Research project “Accessing Medicines in Africa and South Asia”) emails for developing a restructuring of the internal communication, the process of communication optimisation was accepted by the project members and the strategic superiour aims could be met.
摘要电子邮件泛滥,删除电子邮件而不阅读——这两个都是我们日常工作流程中常见的部分。电子邮件需要激励收件人阅读,当然,我们每天收到的电子邮件数量起着至关重要的作用。本文不仅应描述如何加强研究项目成员之间的电子邮件沟通,还应展示电子邮件对实施战略沟通优化的帮助。通过让项目成员作为先证者参与一项基于AMASA(研究项目“在非洲和南亚获得药物”)电子邮件的研究,以制定内部沟通重组,沟通优化过程被项目成员接受,可以实现战略上级目标。
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引用次数: 0
Subjunctions as Discourse Markers? About Appropriate Arguments on the Topic ‘Insubordinate Subordination’ 作为语篇标记的从句?论“不服从服从”话题的恰当论证
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2017-01-26 DOI: 10.1515/glot-2017-0001
W. Abraham
Abstract The present paper is about types of seeming subordination (i.e. subordination by form), which in fact bears all distributional assets of insubordination. Yet, such insubordinate subordination is characterized by sentential autonomy in terms of illocutive force (i.e., it is not only presupposed as subordinates usually are). It will be shown that a reliable diagnostic is provided by the selection of modal particles in the narrow sense, which German and Dutch excel in. It will be illustrated that even the property of matrix V2 as opposed to subordinate Vfinal, otherwise a reliable diagnostic in German and Dutch, are not sufficient conditions for subordination vs. matrix status, sentential presupposition vs. assertive status, and independent (autonomous) illocutive force vs. dependent (inherited) illocutive force. Modal particles play a major diagnostic role in this categorial dichotomy. It will be argued that since formal subordination is an insufficient condition for the separation of formal and notional independence of sentential autonomy the theory of sentence types will have fundamentally to be modified with the main asset of a thorough notional rather than formal definition of sentential autonomy.
摘要:本文讨论了表面服从(即形式服从)的类型,它们实际上具有不服从的所有分配资产。然而,这种不服从的从属关系的特点是在言外之力方面的句子自主性(即,它不仅像通常的从属关系那样是预先假定的)。我们将证明,德国人和荷兰人擅长的狭义模态粒子的选择提供了可靠的诊断。本文将说明,即使矩阵V2相对于从属的Vfinal的性质,在德语和荷兰语中是一个可靠的诊断,也不是从属与矩阵状态、句子预设与自信状态、独立(自主)言外之力与依赖(继承)言外之力的充分条件。在这种分类二分法中,情态助词起着主要的诊断作用。本文认为,既然形式从属关系是句子自主性的形式独立性和概念独立性分离的一个不充分条件,那么句子类型理论就必须从根本上进行修改,其主要资产是对句子自主性进行彻底的概念定义,而不是形式定义。
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引用次数: 0
Language Change – Models and Theories 语言变化——模型与理论
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2017-01-26 DOI: 10.1515/glot-2017-0009
Thorsten Roelcke
Models and theories of language change have a long non-scientific and scientific tradition. Beginning with theological approaches like Babylonian language confusion in Genesis 11 at least, going on with structural analysis like Verner’s law and qualitative investigations like Sapir’s drift or Keller’s (economically based) invisible hand theory and (not yet) ending with mathematical descriptions like PiotrowskiAltmann law. Against this background of diverse analyses, a special issue of Glottotheory will be dedicated to such models and theories of language change. Hence, we invite the scientific community to contribute to one or more of the following questions: 1. Which linguistic phenomena are the subject of analysis and are there any postulated links between them? 2. What principles or mechanisms of language change may be formulated (e.g. language synergetics or efficiency of communication)? 3. Which (rather) external (cultural, social, political, economic, etc.) reasons and internal mechanisms (such as creolization, grammaticalization or borrowing) of language change do we know and how do they interact? 4. How can language change be described precisely and which mathematically based theories can be derived from these descriptions? 5. How can qualitativemodels be translated into exact theories of language change, and vice versa, how do these theories have to be interpreted appropriately? 6. In which historical discourse are (more or less) known models and theories of language change situated, and by which interests are they driven or influenced? 7. Are there any new ideas, new foundations or new perspectives for models and theories of language change?
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of Hedges in Women Writings 女性作品中的模糊限制语比较
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2017-01-26 DOI: 10.1515/glot-2017-0002
Pawan Tamta, M. Bisht, Bhagwati Prasad Pande
Abstract The present work is an attempt to develop a database of hedges to study the usage and effects of hedges in women writings. ‘A Vindication of the Rights of Woman’, a work of eighteenth century British-feminist Mary Wollstonecraft is compared with a 1970 book ‘The Female Eunuch’ by Germaine Greer. To exploit the functions of linguistic devices of hedges, frequently used hedges in most cited articles are categorized on the basis of the paradigms proposed by Hyland and Yu. Frequencies of various hedges are counted through a computer program written in ‘C’ language. Every hedge category is given a weight and the highest weight category is identified through the program in the selected corpus. The research further points out the validation of the usage of hedges in the works of non-fictional literature.
摘要本工作试图开发一个模糊限制语数据库,以研究模糊限制语在女性写作中的使用和效果18世纪英国女权主义者玛丽·沃斯通克拉夫特的作品《维护妇女权利》与杰曼·格里尔1970年的著作《女太监》进行了比较。为了利用模糊限制语的语言手段的功能,根据Hyland和Yu提出的范式,对被引用文章中常用的模糊限制语进行了分类。通过用C语言编写的计算机程序来计算各种模糊限制语的频率。每个套期保值类别都被赋予一个权重,并且通过所选语料库中的程序来识别权重最高的类别。该研究进一步指出了模糊限制语在非虚构文学作品中使用的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Tagungsbericht zur 44. FaDaF Jahrestagung 2017 an der Technischen Universität Berlin, 30.03.-01.04.2017 是老问题法达夫年会2017年1月30日至2017年
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2017-01-26 DOI: 10.1515/glot-2017-0006
Marlene Schierozek
Der Fachverband Deutsch als Fremdund Zweitsprache (FaDaF) ist Interessensvertreter derer, die mit den Fächern Deutsch als Fremdsprache und Deutsch als Zweisprache befasst sind. Jährlich veranstaltet er eine mehrtägige Konferenz, bei der sich Vertreterinnen und Vertreter von Deutschlernenden, Studierenden, Unterrichtenden sowie Forschenden über fachrelevante Inhalte austauschen können. „Alle Welt blickt auf Berlin und strömt nach Berlin – sei es nun aus sozialen, politischen, ökonomischen, kulturellen oder auch anderen Gründen.“– Zu Beginn der 44. FaDaF-Jahrestagung ließ Ausrichter Prof. Dr. Thorsten Roelcke den Blick über den diesjährigen Austragungsort schweifen und stellte die Rolle des Deutschen als fremde Sprache in der deutschen Hauptstadt heraus: „Das verbindende Glied dieses Ganzen ist die deutsche Sprache: Sie bringt die berufliche, kulturelle und sprachliche Vielfalt unserer Stadt zusammen und erlaubt es, dass aus dem Nebeneinander der Kulturen ein Miteinander der Kulturen entsteht.“ Unter der Schirmherrschaft des Charlottenburger Bezirksbürgermeisters Reinhard Naumann lud der FaDaF in Zusammenarbeit mit Prof. Dr. Thorsten Roelcke (Technische Universität Berlin), Kristina Pelikan (Technische Universität Berlin/Schweizerisches Tropenund Public Health – Institut Basel) sowie dem Team des Fachgebiets für Deutsch als Fremdsprache über 600 Teilnehmerinnen und Teilnehmer dazu ein, sich über drei Tage hinweg mit dem Motto „DaFFür Berlin – Perspektiven für Deutsch als Fremdund Zweitsprache in Schule, Beruf und Wissenschaft“ auseinanderzusetzen. Dieser Leitspruch spiegelte einerseits die Beheimatung des austragenden Fachgebiets für Deutsch als Fremdund Fachsprache (DaFF) an einer technischen Universität – Deutsch in Wissenschaft, Technik und Wirtschaft sind hier tragende Forschungsschwerpunkte. Andernteils griff das Motto natürlich die fachlich wie gesellschaftlich intensiv diskutierte Integration von Geflüchteten
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引用次数: 0
Zhao, Li: A Socio-cognitive Approach to Interpersonal Meaning of Code-switching 赵,李:代码转换人际意义的社会认知研究
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2017-01-26 DOI: 10.1515/glot-2017-0007
Haiming Chen
Abstract The present paper presents the findings of a study comparing the formulations of introductions of academic articles across disciplines. A multidisciplinary corpus of 20 articles from linguistics, medicine, the natural sciences, economics, and sociology is examined. The analysis comprises two general steps, the first being macro-, the second being microstructural. Macrostructurally, the explicit formulations of the moves conducted in the introductions are singled out. These formulations are in turn examined microstructurally in regard to syntax (typology), verbs (valency, grammar-semantics interface, pragmatics) and lexicology (text commentary, lexical deixis, modal expressions). The results are evaluated against the backdrop of possible underlying stylistic patterns of formulation. Subsequently, suggestions for the feasibility of the results within the teaching of German as a (foreign) academic language are made.
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引用次数: 0
Tagungsbericht Workshop “Statistik in der linguistischen Forschung” / “Statistics in linguistic research”, Universität Wien, Philologisch-Kulturwissenschaftliche Fakultät; 10.-12.11.2016 举办了一个题为“语言学研究统计”/“语言学研究统计”的研讨会,维也纳大学10.-12.11.2016
Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2017-01-26 DOI: 10.1515/GLOT-2017-0005
Emmerich Kelih
Die im Mai 2016 gegründete Forschungsgruppe “Linguistische Statistik” der Philologisch‐Kulturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Wien organisierte vom 10.-12. November 2016 einen Workshop zum Thema “Statistik in der linguistischen Forschung / Statistics in linguistic research”. Die Forschungsgruppe versteht sich als eine offene Plattform für LinguistInnen an der Universität Wien mit einem Interesse an der Verwendung statistischer / quantitativer Methoden. Das zentrale Anliegen ist es sowohl im Bereich der Forschung als auch der Lehre die Anwendung statistischer Verfahren in der Linguistik zu bündeln und zu fokussieren. Die Auftaktveranstaltung erfolgte in Form eines dreitätigen Workshops unter dem Titel “Statistik in der linguistischen Forschung” / “Statistics in linguistic research”, welcher am Institut für Romanistik der Philologisch-Kulturwissenschaftlichen Fakultät stattfand. Primäres Ziel war es dem Bedürfnis von PhDStudierenden und Post-Docs nach einer umfassenden Einführung in die quantitative Linguistik entgegenzukommen. Gleichzeitig aber sollten auch die Studierenden die Möglichkeit erhalten ihre eigenen Arbeiten zu präsentieren und dort insbesondere die Verwendung bzw. die Möglichkeiten und Probleme der Anwendung von quantitativen Methoden kritisch zu reflektieren. Um ein adäquates Forum zu schaffen wurden zu dem Workshop zwei namhafte Experten auf dem Gebiet der quantitativen Linguistik eingeladen: Harald Baayen (Professor für Quantitative Linguistik, Universität Tübingen) und Reinhard Köhler (Professor für Computerlinguistik, Universität Trier).
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引用次数: 0
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Glottotheory
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