World Development Perspectives最新文献_第8页

Agricultural cooperatives boost food security through input subsidies in rural Zambia 在赞比亚农村，农业合作社通过投入补贴促进粮食安全

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100710

Cornelius Zemba , Stephen Prah , John N. Ng’ombe

While much has been learned on the impacts of cooperative membership and input subsidies in developing countries, the interplay between these two mechanisms in enhancing household food security remains unexplored. We address this gap by investigating the combined role of agricultural cooperatives and input subsidy programs at improving food security in Zambia—a context where cooperatives serve as key channels for delivering input subsidies to farmers. Using a random sample of 436 farmers from a Zambian typical rural area and instrumental variable-based causal mediation approach, we determine the impacts of cooperative membership on dietary diversity and food insecurity through input subsidy participation. The findings reveal that cooperative members benefit significantly from improved access to agricultural inputs, facilitated by input subsidies. Cooperative membership indirectly increases household dietary diversity by 11.26% and reduces food insecurity by 20.39%, demonstrating the critical role of social protection programs in amplifying the benefits of cooperatives. Although direct effects of cooperative membership also indicate improvements in dietary diversity and reductions in food insecurity, these effects are less pronounced without the mediating influence of input subsidies. The results demonstrate the necessity of aligning input subsidy programs with cooperative models to achieve meaningful food security outcomes. To maximize these benefits, the study recommends strengthening the integration of social protection programs with cooperatives, implementing targeted training for cooperative members, and promoting inclusive practices to ensure equitable access to program benefits. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers seeking to enhance rural development and contribute to achieving global food security goals.

虽然关于合作社成员资格和投入补贴对发展中国家的影响已经了解了很多，但这两种机制在加强家庭粮食安全方面的相互作用仍未得到探讨。我们通过调查农业合作社和投入补贴计划在改善赞比亚粮食安全方面的综合作用来解决这一差距。在赞比亚，合作社是向农民提供投入补贴的关键渠道。通过对赞比亚典型农村地区436名农民的随机抽样和基于工具变量的因果中介方法，我们通过参与投入补贴来确定合作社成员对饮食多样性和粮食不安全的影响。研究结果表明，在投入补贴的推动下，合作社成员从农业投入物获取的改善中受益匪浅。合作社成员间接使家庭饮食多样性增加11.26%，使粮食不安全状况减少20.39%，这表明社会保护计划在扩大合作社效益方面发挥了关键作用。虽然合作社成员资格的直接影响也表明饮食多样性的改善和粮食不安全状况的减少，但如果没有投入补贴的中介影响，这些影响就不那么明显。研究结果表明，为实现有意义的粮食安全成果，必须将投入补贴计划与合作模式相结合。为了最大限度地发挥这些效益，研究报告建议加强社会保护项目与合作社的整合，对合作社成员实施有针对性的培训，并促进包容性做法，以确保公平获得项目效益。这些见解为寻求加强农村发展和促进实现全球粮食安全目标的政策制定者提供了宝贵的指导。

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引用次数: 0

Agricultural stakeholder panels and lead farmer visits: Evidence from Malawi 农业利益相关者小组和主要农民访问：来自马拉维的证据

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100716

Festus O. Amadu , Paul E. McNamara

Agricultural extension is critical to economic transformation in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Yet, local extension services remain weak, despite several decades of international aid aimed at improving extension services in the region. Agricultural Stakeholder Panels (ASPs) are a demand-side extension approach designed to improve rural extension services by enhancing farmer interaction with local extension agents. In Malawi, the ASP approach has been in rural communities as part of the national extension policy for more than two decades. Yet, most ASPs were either completely dysfunctional, partially operational, or somewhat ineffective in reaching their clientele communities. Thus, in 2015, the US Agency for International Development (USAID) funded the Strengthening Agricultural and Nutrition Extension (SANE) program to support the government of Malawi in implementing ASPs more carefully and rigorously, and thereby improve agricultural extension services in the country. However, empirical evidence of the impacts of functional ASPs in terms of improving extension services remains unexplored. We respond to this gap by estimating the impacts of the ASP approach on agricultural extension services using lead farmer visits as a proxy. We apply an endogenous treatment effect regression to original survey data from a sample of 2134 households across 22 districts in Malawi. We found positive and statistically significant impacts of functional ASPs on lead farmer visits in 2018: Farmers associated with such ASPs received eight extension visits from lead farmers compared to other farmers per year, a significant result with crucial implications for improving extension services in Malawi. The result implies that effective ASPs can improve the performance of extension agents, and thereby demonstrates the importance of such policies in improving agricultural extension systems in Malawi, similar contexts elsewhere in SSA, and beyond.

农业推广对撒哈拉以南非洲地区的经济转型至关重要。然而，当地的推广服务仍然薄弱，尽管几十年来国际援助旨在改善该区域的推广服务。农业利益相关者小组（asp）是一种需求侧推广方法，旨在通过加强农民与当地推广机构的互动来改善农村推广服务。在马拉维，ASP方法作为国家推广政策的一部分已经在农村社区实施了20多年。然而，大多数asp要么是完全不正常的，要么是部分可操作的，或者在到达客户群体方面有些无效。因此，2015年，美国国际开发署（USAID）资助了加强农业和营养推广（SANE）项目，以支持马拉维政府更仔细、更严格地实施农业推广标准，从而改善该国的农业推广服务。然而，功能性asp在改进扩展服务方面的影响的经验证据仍未得到探索。我们通过使用主要农民访问作为代理来估计ASP方法对农业推广服务的影响来应对这一差距。我们对马拉维22个地区2134个家庭样本的原始调查数据应用内生处理效应回归。我们发现功能性asp对2018年领导农民访问的积极和统计显着影响：与其他农民相比，与此类asp相关的农民每年从领导农民那里获得了8次扩展访问，这一重要结果对改善马拉维的推广服务具有重要意义。结果表明，有效的asp可以提高推广机构的绩效，从而证明了此类政策在改善马拉维农业推广系统、撒哈拉以南非洲其他地区的类似情况以及其他地区的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Committeefication of African urban development:The case of Ghana’s Greater Accra Resilient and Integrated Development Project (GARID) 非洲城市发展委员会：以加纳大阿克拉弹性综合发展项目（GARID）为例

IF 2.3 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100724

Rosina Sheburah Essien , George Owusu , Kofi Kekeli Amedzro , Musah Aziba Issah

The World Bank and other international development organizations are increasingly gravitating towards the idea of resilience. The inherent idea of inclusivity as part of urban development processes requires a bottom-up, participatory, and community-based approach to achieving resilience which encourages what Caroline Archambault and David Ehrhardt call ‘committeefication’– a process through which committees are set to oversee community-based interventions – as an institutional vehicle for managing projects, particularly those in African cities. The World Bank-funded GARID project is no exception because it acknowledges multiple producers of resilience, which has led to the creation of several committees on the project to oversee its implementation. Using the qualitative approach, this paper interrogates the context within which committeefication occurs in this Ghanaian/World Bank case, who occupies this space, what they negotiate and what challenges arise working with/or in committees. To do this, we distinguish State Development Committees (SDCs) from Community Development Committees (CDCs) in order to argue that CDCs, unlike SDCs, may not necessarily be able to fulfil their roles because of the nature of state-community committee relations, which is often characterized by micro/macro politics and unequal patterns of participation.

世界银行和其他国际发展组织越来越倾向于复原力的概念。作为城市发展进程的一部分，包容性的固有理念需要一种自下而上的、参与性的、基于社区的方法来实现复原力，这鼓励了Caroline Archambault和David Ehrhardt所说的“委员会化”——通过设立委员会来监督基于社区的干预措施的过程——作为管理项目的制度性工具，特别是在非洲城市。世界银行资助的GARID项目也不例外，因为它承认韧性的多个生产者，这导致了该项目成立了几个委员会来监督其实施。使用定性方法，本文询问了在加纳/世界银行案例中委员会化发生的背景，谁占据了这个空间，他们谈判了什么，以及与委员会合作或在委员会中出现了什么挑战。为了做到这一点，我们将国家发展委员会（SDCs）与社区发展委员会（cdc）区分开来，以证明cdc与SDCs不同，由于国家-社区委员会关系的性质（通常以微观/宏观政治和不平等的参与模式为特征），可能不一定能够履行其角色。

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引用次数: 0

Determinants of use of digital innovation and its impact on land acquisition and food security among farming households in Nigeria 尼日利亚农户使用数字创新的决定因素及其对土地征用和粮食安全的影响

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100702

Adeolu Ayanwale , Ayodeji D. Kehinde

This study explores the interplay between digital innovation, land acquisition, and food security among farming households in Nigeria—a nexus that has received limited empirical attention. Drawing on data from the General Household Survey (GHS-Panel) by the National Bureau of Statistics under the LSMS framework, the analysis includes 5,051 farming households. A combination of analytical techniques—descriptive statistics, Double Hurdle model, Probit regression, Endogenous Switching Probit regression, and the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS)—was used to investigate these relationships. Findings show that the average household head was 50 years old with seven years of education; most households were male-headed (80 %) and averaged five members. Despite high mobile phone ownership (94.56 %), digital exclusion persists, as 61.56 % of households lacked internet access, and 78.23 % did not hold legally registered land. Only 3 % had access to formal credit, and over half cultivated less than one hectare of land. The average HDDS was 9, with 53 % of households deemed food secure. Regression results revealed that digital innovation adoption was significantly influenced by age, education, asset value, household size, and access to finance. Moreover, digital innovation, gender, remittance income, and education significantly improved land access and food security, highlighting the need for targeted digital inclusion policies in rural Nigeria.

本研究探讨了尼日利亚农民家庭中数字创新、土地征用和粮食安全之间的相互作用，这一联系受到了有限的实证关注。根据国家统计局在LSMS框架下进行的综合住户调查（GHS-Panel）的数据，该分析包括5051户农户。采用描述性统计、双栏模型、Probit回归、内源性转换Probit回归和家庭膳食多样性评分（HDDS）等分析技术的组合来调查这些关系。调查结果显示，户主平均年龄为50岁，受教育程度为7年；大多数家庭为男性户主（80%），平均有5名成员。尽管移动电话拥有率很高（94.56%），但数字排斥仍然存在，因为61.56%的家庭没有互联网接入，78.23%的家庭没有合法注册的土地。只有3%的人能够获得正规信贷，超过一半的人耕种的土地不足一公顷。平均HDDS为9,53%的家庭认为食品安全。回归结果显示，年龄、教育程度、资产价值、家庭规模和融资渠道对数字创新采用有显著影响。此外，数字创新、性别、汇款收入和教育显著改善了土地获取和粮食安全，凸显了在尼日利亚农村制定有针对性的数字包容政策的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Optimisation of international financial institutions: A comparative analysis of Ukraine and South Korea’s roles in enhancing global economic stability 国际金融机构的优化：乌克兰和韩国在促进全球经济稳定中的作用比较分析

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100674

Eunkyung Yi , Bongchul Kim , Mehmet Fatih Oztarsu , Yevheniia Khaustova , Hanna Yatsenko

The study aims to analyse ways to optimise the activities of international financial institutions to increase their efficiency and impact on the stability of the global economy. The study analysed the main aspects of increasing transparency, strengthening cooperation with national governments and improving crisis management mechanisms. The research methodology included a detailed analysis of official reports from the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and the Bank for International Settlements, as well as statistics from the governments of South Korea and Ukraine. The study examined the reports of international organisations and official government documents, which allowed for a comprehensive approach to the study of the activities of international financial institutions. The main aspects of optimising the activities of international financial institutions in the form of increased transparency, strengthening cooperation with national governments, institutional reforms and improving crisis management mechanisms were analysed. An analysis of South Korean and Ukrainian cooperation with international financial institutions was carried out to demonstrate the differences in the use of international financial support for the stabilisation and development of their economies. While South Korea was able to successfully overcome the consequences of the Asian financial crisis thanks to the support of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank, Ukraine is constantly facing challenges that require effective use of international support. The importance of supporting small and medium-sized enterprises as a crucial element for ensuring economic growth and social stability was stressed. The study shows that optimising the activities of international financial institutions can significantly increase their efficiency, contribute to global economic stability, mitigate the effects of the economic crisis and promote sustainable development.

该研究旨在分析优化国际金融机构活动的方法，以提高其效率和对全球经济稳定的影响。该研究分析了增加透明度、加强与各国政府的合作以及改善危机管理机制的主要方面。研究方法包括对国际货币基金组织（imf）、世界银行（World Bank）和国际清算银行（Bank for International Settlements）官方报告的详细分析，以及韩国和乌克兰政府的统计数据。这项研究审查了国际组织的报告和政府的正式文件，从而对研究国际金融机构的活动采取了全面的办法。分析了以提高透明度、加强与各国政府的合作、机构改革和改善危机管理机制的形式优化国际金融机构活动的主要方面。对韩国和乌克兰与国际金融机构的合作进行了分析，以显示在利用国际金融支持稳定和发展其经济方面的差异。韩国在国际货币基金组织（imf）和世界银行（World Bank）的帮助下成功克服了亚洲金融危机的后果，而乌克兰则不断面临着需要有效利用国际援助的挑战。与会者强调了支持中小型企业作为确保经济增长和社会稳定的关键因素的重要性。研究表明，优化国际金融机构的活动可以显著提高其效率，有助于全球经济稳定，减轻经济危机的影响，促进可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

A study of Local Non-Governmental organisations (NGOs) as humanitarian Responders in Bakassi internally displaced Persons’ Camp, Borno State, Nigeria 在尼日利亚博尔诺州Bakassi国内流离失所者营地，当地非政府组织作为人道主义救援人员的研究

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100685

Babatope Matthew Ajiboye

Nigeria has had to deal with a series of challenges ranging from insurgency, herdsmen-farmers clashes, banditry, and other issues that have persistently been Nigeria’s weakness ever since the country returned to democratic dispensation in 1999. The most profound among them all happens to be the Boko Haram insurgency campaign in the northeastern region of the nation. As a result, Nigeria has assumed the headquarters of internally displaced persons camps in the southern hemisphere (Africa). Predictably, the number of non-governmental organizations’ (NGOs) offering interventions continues to rise due to the dire condition of persons affected by the ongoing Boko Haram insurgency campaign, most especially in Borno State. By situating it within the framework of humanitarian intervention, this article studies the NGOs humanitarian efforts in assisting displaced persons at the Bakassi IDP camp to navigate the rigors of the unanticipated hardship created by the Boko Haram insurgency. This article utilizes a combination of qualitative research methods (semi-in-depth ethnographic observation and interview) to explore how NGOs operated in terms of humanitarian intervention for internally displaced persons at the Bakassi IDP camp. Findings from this study indicate that international donors’ efforts at providing succor for IDPs were undermined as a large chunk of the fund has been mismanaged or diverted to satisfy the rent-seeking desires of the many local NGOs scheme’s handlers. This article concludes that NGOs’ IDP interventions have not been dissimilar to a bizarre advanced fee fraud, as the schemes remain a conduit for scamming international donors by pretending to render humanitarian services for IDPs. It, however, recommends that state, federal, and international donors have crucial roles to play in order to curb local NGOs from deviating from the humanitarian aid they are to offer IDPs.

尼日利亚必须应对一系列挑战，包括叛乱、牧民与农民的冲突、盗匪和其他问题，这些问题自1999年尼日利亚回归民主制度以来一直是该国的弱点。其中影响最深远的恰好是尼日利亚东北部地区的博科圣地叛乱活动。因此，尼日利亚承担了南半球（非洲）国内流离失所者营地的总部。可以预见的是，提供干预的非政府组织（ngo）的数量继续增加，因为受到正在进行的博科圣地叛乱运动影响的人的悲惨状况，特别是在博尔诺州。通过将其置于人道主义干预的框架内，本文研究了非政府组织在帮助Bakassi国内流离失所者营地中的流离失所者应对博科圣地叛乱造成的意想不到的困难的人道主义努力。本文结合定性研究方法（半深度人种学观察与访谈），探讨非政府组织如何对Bakassi国内流离失所者营地进行人道主义干预。这项研究的结果表明，国际捐助者为国内流离失所者提供援助的努力受到了破坏，因为大部分资金管理不善或被转用于满足许多当地非政府组织计划处理者的寻租欲望。本文的结论是，非政府组织对国内流离失所者的干预与一种奇怪的高级费用欺诈没有什么不同，因为这些计划仍然是欺骗国际捐助者的渠道，假装为国内流离失所者提供人道主义服务。然而，它建议各州、联邦和国际捐助者发挥关键作用，以遏制当地非政府组织偏离它们向国内流离失所者提供的人道主义援助。

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引用次数: 0

What do communities feel about community-driven development? Learning from investigations in rural Malawi 社区对社区驱动的发展有何看法？从马拉维农村调查中学习

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100692

Anirudh Krishna , Daimon Kambewa , Frank Tchuwa , Frank Kasonga , Patrick Higdon

Calls for bottom-up or community-driven development initiatives have been justified on the grounds that, compared to outsiders, rural communities are in better positions to determine their own priorities, utilize resources effectively, and underwrite benefits sustainably. But are communities in poorer parts of the world able and willing to take on these responsibilities? Or is the project an outsider’s aspiration? We, a mixed team of scholars and practitioners, inquire about these questions within nine rural Malawi communities, finding that community leaders share sophisticated understandings of what community-led development entails, and they consider it the only viable mode of local development – “orphan projects” result when outsiders manage local development. Communities aspire to become self-developing communities by building stronger local institutions and gaining technical and managerial capacities. Commonly, community groups asked for outside assistance to help with capacity building, including the capacity for evaluation and self-assessment.

呼吁自下而上或社区驱动的发展倡议是有道理的，因为与外界相比，农村社区在确定自己的优先事项、有效利用资源和可持续地保证利益方面处于更有利的地位。但是，世界上较贫穷地区的社区有能力并且愿意承担这些责任吗？或者这个项目只是局外人的愿望？我们是一个由学者和实践者组成的混合团队，在马拉维的9个农村社区中调查了这些问题，发现社区领导人对社区主导的发展需要什么有着复杂的理解，他们认为这是唯一可行的地方发展模式——“孤儿项目”是由外人管理地方发展的结果。社区渴望通过建立更强大的地方机构和获得技术和管理能力，成为自我发展的社区。通常，社区团体要求外部援助来帮助进行能力建设，包括评估和自我评估的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Transboundary water cooperation and joint river basin management are pivotal for climate resilient development in South Asia 跨界水资源合作和流域联合管理对南亚的气候适应型发展至关重要

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100681

Md. Arfanuzzaman

Transboundary water cooperation and joint river basin management are critical for achieving climate-resilient development in South Asia. Home to major river systems such as the Indus, Ganges, and Brahmaputra, the region’s water resources support nearly 1.9 billion people. However, climate change is altering monsoon patterns, increasing floods and droughts, and accelerating glacial melt, which affects water availability and threatens water-energy-food-environmental (WEFE) security, ecosystems, biodiversity, and livelihoods. This study underscores the importance of transboundary cooperation to address these risks, highlighting successful models of collaboration. Despite some initiatives, substantial gaps remain in integrated governance, climate-adaptive policy frameworks, equitable water sharing, basin-wide vulnerability reduction, empowering regional institutions, and data sharing among the South Asian basins. Barriers, such as geopolitical tensions, inadequate trust and confidence, unsustainable hydropower development, limited funding and stakeholder engagement hinder effective water resource management. Addressing these challenges requires coordinated climate-resilient strategies and basin wide approaches including flexible water-sharing agreements, improved disaster risk reduction systems, joint resource mobilization, capacity building, and enhanced community involvement. By fostering transboundary collaboration, South Asian nations can build resilience, reduce water conflicts, enhance WEFE security and well-being of millions who rely on these precious water resources, and promote sustainable development across shared river basins.

跨界水资源合作和流域联合管理对于南亚实现气候适应型发展至关重要。作为印度河、恒河和雅鲁藏布江等主要河流系统的所在地，该地区的水资源养活了近19亿人口。然而，气候变化正在改变季风模式，增加洪涝和干旱，加速冰川融化，从而影响水资源供应，威胁水-能源-粮食-环境（WEFE）安全、生态系统、生物多样性和生计。这项研究强调了跨界合作应对这些风险的重要性，突出了成功的合作模式。尽管采取了一些举措，但在综合治理、气候适应政策框架、公平水资源共享、全流域脆弱性降低、赋予区域机构权力以及南亚流域之间的数据共享方面仍存在巨大差距。地缘政治紧张局势、信任和信心不足、不可持续的水电开发、有限的资金和利益相关者参与等障碍阻碍了有效的水资源管理。应对这些挑战需要协调一致的气候适应战略和全流域办法，包括灵活的水资源共享协议、改进的减灾系统、联合调动资源、能力建设和加强社区参与。通过促进跨界合作，南亚国家可以建立复原力，减少水资源冲突，加强西非地区的安全和依赖这些宝贵水资源的数百万人的福祉，并促进共享流域的可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

What factors are inducing or impeding the adoption of agricultural mechanization? Revisiting farm scale, overhead capital and spatial divergence 哪些因素在诱导或阻碍农业机械化的采用？重新审视农场规模、间接资本和空间差异

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100671

Yared Deribe Tefera , Bisrat G. Awoke , Thomas Daum

Agricultural mechanization plays a key role in agricultural development and enhancing rural livelihoods, but adoption remains limited in much of Sub-Saharan Africa. This study analyses the farm power transition and inducing factors across diverse production systems. Our investigation differently explicates the mechanization index (proportion of activities mechanized) inclusive of the available technologies extending beyond the dichotomous adoption choices. It further examines adoption and mechanization intensity of the relatively most applied engine-powered individual mechanization practices. Devising a multistage sampling technique, the analysis relies on a cross-sectional survey and data from 818 households in Oromia, Southern Nation Nationalities and Peoples (SNNP), Amhara, and Tigray regions in Ethiopia. We applied a two-part fractional response and double hurdle models to determine factors ascribed to the adoption decision (farm power transition) and mechanization intensity. The functional forms of adoption of the bundle and individual machinery inputs are robust to various specification tests. The parameter estimates disclose that household labor, farm scale, and livestock assets have a positive association with adoption. Restricted access to overhead and institutional capital is impeding the adoption of mechanization. To make mechanization more inclusive, the study underscores the need for leveraging the farm power transition through the reinforcement of the spread of alternative hiring services, rural infrastructures, and demand-based land pooling schemes.

农业机械化在农业发展和改善农村生计方面发挥着关键作用，但在撒哈拉以南非洲的大部分地区，农业机械化的采用仍然有限。本研究分析了不同生产系统下的农场权力转移及其诱导因素。我们的调查以不同的方式解释了机械化指数（机械化活动的比例），包括超出二分采用选择的可用技术。它进一步考察了相对应用最多的发动机驱动的个人机械化做法的采用和机械化强度。设计了一种多阶段抽样技术，分析依赖于横断面调查和来自埃塞俄比亚奥罗米亚、南部民族和民族（SNNP）、阿姆哈拉和提格雷地区818户家庭的数据。我们采用两部分分数响应和双障碍模型来确定归因于采用决策（农场权力转移）和机械化强度的因素。采用集束和单个机械输入的功能形式对各种规格测试都是可靠的。参数估计表明，家庭劳动力、农场规模和牲畜资产与收养呈正相关。有限的间接资本和机构资本阻碍了机械化的采用。为了使机械化更具包容性，该研究强调，需要通过加强替代就业服务、农村基础设施和基于需求的土地集中计划的传播，利用农业权力转移。

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引用次数: 0

Are women more or less likely to vote than men? Evidence from rural Bangladesh 女性投票的可能性比男性高还是低？来自孟加拉国农村的证据

IF 2.2 Q2 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES

World Development Perspectives

Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.wdp.2025.100683

Rubaiya Murshed

The established notion that men and women vote differently is well-documented, yet it remains unclear whether women are less likely to vote than men or, potentially, the reverse. Evidence on this topic is particularly scarce in Global South contexts. This paper addresses this gap by examining gender differences in voting behavior within rural Bangladesh. It also investigates the factors motivating women’s electoral participation, offering insights into the underlying reasons for any observed gender disparities. Rural Bangladesh remains understudied with regard to gendered electoral participation, despite significant structural transformations in its economy that may have reshaped gender dynamics across economic, social, and political spheres. Given its potential relevance as a model for similar contexts, this research provides a timely exploration of electoral gender dynamics in a setting of democratic fragility. Using nationally (rurally) representative Bangladesh Integrated Household Survey (BIHS) data and employing logit, Poisson, and propensity score matching models, the findings reveal a counterintuitive trend: women are more likely to vote than men and this is observed regardless of whether individuals are formal-educated or have never pursued formal education, and this trend is also more pronounced among younger cohorts. Additionally, married women exhibit a higher likelihood of voting, while formally educated women are less likely to participate. We contextualize these results within rural Bangladesh and propose several hypotheses to explain the observed gender differences in voting behavior.

男性和女性投票方式不同的既定观念有充分的证据，但尚不清楚女性投票的可能性是否低于男性，或者可能相反。在全球南方的背景下，关于这一主题的证据尤其缺乏。本文通过研究孟加拉国农村地区投票行为的性别差异来解决这一差距。它还调查了促使妇女参加选举的因素，对任何观察到的性别差异的潜在原因提供了见解。尽管孟加拉国农村经济发生了重大的结构性转变，可能重塑了经济、社会和政治领域的性别动态，但在性别选举参与方面，对其的研究仍不足。鉴于其作为类似背景的模型的潜在相关性，本研究及时探索了民主脆弱性背景下的选举性别动态。利用具有全国（农村）代表性的孟加拉国综合家庭调查（BIHS）数据，并采用logit、泊松和倾向得分匹配模型，研究结果揭示了一种违反直觉的趋势：女性比男性更有可能投票，无论个人是否受过正规教育或从未接受过正规教育，这一趋势在年轻人群中也更为明显。此外，已婚女性投票的可能性更高，而受过正规教育的女性参与投票的可能性更低。我们将这些结果置于孟加拉国农村地区的背景下，并提出了几个假设来解释观察到的投票行为的性别差异。

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