Obesity Medicine最新文献_第2页

Pharmacological therapy for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A comprehensive overview

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100587

Tanu Gautam , Amreen Shamsad , Renu Singh , S. Shabihe Raza Baqri , Monisha Banerjee

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent metabolic condition affecting pregnant women, impairing glucose tolerance, and causing short- and long-term effects on mother, fetus, and neonate. The goal of management therapy during pregnancy is to obtain optimal glycemic control by preventing hyperglycemia and maintaining safety. The increasing prevalence of GDM worldwide is a rising concern, underscoring the need for dietary adjustments and improved detection, diagnostic and treatment strategies to overcome adverse consequences. International guidelines recommend pharmaceutical interventions for GDM when lifestyle adjustments do not attain glycemic control. Insulin is first-line treatment, but oral anti-hyperglycemic medications serve as often-used alternatives. Metformin and glyburide effectively regulate increased blood glucose in pregnancy. Metformin is preferred due to its ease of administration, reduced risk of hypoglycemia, and potential for improved long-term outcomes. Whereas glyburide is administered cautiously due to potential feto-maternal risk. In this review, the pharmaceutical alternatives for GDM have been discussed in detail, along with pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. The effects of metabolic and glycemic control on feto-maternal morbidity have also been elaborated, along with efficacy as well as side effects and long-term outcomes. However, their long-term safety profiles and fetal exposure remain unclear. By focusing on this research gap, we can explore effective management therapy by evaluating feto-maternal long-term outcomes through follow-up studies, comparing efficacy of pharmacological interventions, pharmacogenomics, digital health technologies, emerging pharmaceutical alternatives (GLP-1-Ra & SGLT-2 inhibitors), and personalized medicine. By incorporating these advancements into clinical practice by healthcare professionals, the risk of adverse effects may decrease to improve health and well-being.

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引用次数: 0

Exploring Betula alnoides bark: Insilico and preclinical insights into its antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects in hypercholesterolemia

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100583

Shahbaz Khan , Alka Lohani , Prashant Tiwari , Sunil Kumar Kadiri

Aim

Hyperlipidemia characterized by elevated cholesterol levels and formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is a critical risk factor for coronary heart diseases. In traditional Indian Ayurveda and herbal medicine, various parts of Betula alnoides are reputed for their therapeutic uses. The main aim of this study is to explore the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of Betula alnoides bark extracts (petroleum ether and ethyl acetate) in rats with induced hypercholesterolemia.

Methods

Soxhlet extraction method was used to extract Betula alnoides bark powder, utilizing petroleum ether and ethyl acetate as solvents and both the extracts underwent phytochemical screening to identify a range of phytoconstituents. The acute oral toxicity was evaluated on male albino rats, adhering to OECD guideline No. 420. DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging assay was used to determine antioxidant capacity of bark extracts. Hypolipidemic activity was evaluated by inducing hyperlipidemia through a high-fat diet and measuring serum biochemical markers like total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides.

Results

The extraction yields were found to be 1.4% ± 0.65% for the petroleum ether extract and 3.2% ± 0.80% for the ethyl acetate extract. In the acute toxicity study, it was found that the bark extracts showed no signs of toxicity. The findings indicated that the DPPH/Nitric oxide free radical scavenging capacity of Betula alnoides bark extracts increased with higher concentrations. When compared to the petroleum ether bark extract, the ethyl acetate bark extract showed a noticeably better antioxidant capacity. Both petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) and fenofibrate (65 mg/kg), exhibited significant hypolipidemic effects.

Conclusion

The ethyl acetate extract demonstrated superior hypolipidemic activity compared to the petroleum ether extract. Lupeol binds strongly to SOD, SGLT2, and APOE proteins, showing significant docking scores and engaging multiple amino acids through various stabilizing interactions. These findings suggest that Betula alnoides bark extracts possess promising antioxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic properties.

{"title":"Exploring Betula alnoides bark: Insilico and preclinical insights into its antioxidant and lipid-lowering effects in hypercholesterolemia","authors":"Shahbaz Khan , Alka Lohani , Prashant Tiwari , Sunil Kumar Kadiri","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>Hyperlipidemia characterized by elevated cholesterol levels and formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is a critical risk factor for coronary heart diseases. In traditional Indian Ayurveda and herbal medicine, various parts of <em>Betula alnoides</em> are reputed for their therapeutic uses. The main aim of this study is to explore the hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects of <em>Betula alnoides</em> bark extracts (petroleum ether and ethyl acetate) in rats with induced hypercholesterolemia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Soxhlet extraction method was used to extract <em>Betula alnoides</em> bark powder, utilizing petroleum ether and ethyl acetate as solvents and both the extracts underwent phytochemical screening to identify a range of phytoconstituents. The acute oral toxicity was evaluated on male albino rats, adhering to OECD guideline No. 420. DPPH and nitric oxide scavenging assay was used to determine antioxidant capacity of bark extracts. Hypolipidemic activity was evaluated by inducing hyperlipidemia through a high-fat diet and measuring serum biochemical markers like total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The extraction yields were found to be 1.4% ± 0.65% for the petroleum ether extract and 3.2% ± 0.80% for the ethyl acetate extract. In the acute toxicity study, it was found that the bark extracts showed no signs of toxicity. The findings indicated that the DPPH/Nitric oxide free radical scavenging capacity of <em>Betula alnoides</em> bark extracts increased with higher concentrations. When compared to the petroleum ether bark extract, the ethyl acetate bark extract showed a noticeably better antioxidant capacity. Both petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts (50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg) and fenofibrate (65 mg/kg), exhibited significant hypolipidemic effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The ethyl acetate extract demonstrated superior hypolipidemic activity compared to the petroleum ether extract. Lupeol binds strongly to SOD, SGLT2, and APOE proteins, showing significant docking scores and engaging multiple amino acids through various stabilizing interactions. These findings suggest that <em>Betula alnoides</em> bark extracts possess promising antioxidant and anti-hyperlipidemic properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100583"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cytokines as key players in obesity low grade inflammation and related complications

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100585

Daniel Ejim Uti , Item Justin Atangwho , Wilson Achu Omang , Esther Ugo Alum , Uket Nta Obeten , Precious A. Udeozor , Samuel A. Agada , Inalegwu Bawa , Celestine O. Ogbu

Environmental factors, genetic factors, and metabolic factors all have a role in the development of obesity, which is a complex worldwide health challenge. Furthermore, the pathophysiology of adipose tissue is characterized by elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, which suggests the presence of persistent low-grade inflammation. The findings of this review shed insight on the role that cytokines play in the establishment and progression of low-grade inflammation in obese individuals. Additionally, it investigates the possibility of using them as diagnostic markers and therapy targets for obesity, respectively. The cytokines in question are produced by adipose tissue, which is an active endocrine organ. Included in the list of examples are TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1. These cytokines contribute to dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. The paper also discusses how immune cells, macrophages, and adipocytes interact to aggravate inflammatory processes. Adipokines such as adiponectin and leptin are also investigated, along with their regulatory functions in inflammatory signalling pathways and metabolic balance. The article discusses recent studies that target inflammatory cytokines and adipokines for both therapeutic and diagnostic applications. It is essential to comprehend these complex relationships in order to create novel treatment approaches that address the metabolic effects of obesity and enhance public health outcomes. This article provides a comprehensive resource for scholars who want to understand and initiate studies aimed at reducing inflammation linked to obesity and the health issues that come with it.

{"title":"Cytokines as key players in obesity low grade inflammation and related complications","authors":"Daniel Ejim Uti , Item Justin Atangwho , Wilson Achu Omang , Esther Ugo Alum , Uket Nta Obeten , Precious A. Udeozor , Samuel A. Agada , Inalegwu Bawa , Celestine O. Ogbu","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Environmental factors, genetic factors, and metabolic factors all have a role in the development of obesity, which is a complex worldwide health challenge. Furthermore, the pathophysiology of adipose tissue is characterized by elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, which suggests the presence of persistent low-grade inflammation. The findings of this review shed insight on the role that cytokines play in the establishment and progression of low-grade inflammation in obese individuals. Additionally, it investigates the possibility of using them as diagnostic markers and therapy targets for obesity, respectively. The cytokines in question are produced by adipose tissue, which is an active endocrine organ. Included in the list of examples are TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and MCP-1. These cytokines contribute to dyslipidemia and insulin resistance. The paper also discusses how immune cells, macrophages, and adipocytes interact to aggravate inflammatory processes. Adipokines such as adiponectin and leptin are also investigated, along with their regulatory functions in inflammatory signalling pathways and metabolic balance. The article discusses recent studies that target inflammatory cytokines and adipokines for both therapeutic and diagnostic applications. It is essential to comprehend these complex relationships in order to create novel treatment approaches that address the metabolic effects of obesity and enhance public health outcomes. This article provides a comprehensive resource for scholars who want to understand and initiate studies aimed at reducing inflammation linked to obesity and the health issues that come with it.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 100585"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143174216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Therapeutic efficacy of hydroalcoholic extract of Euphorbia prostrata Aiton in NAD-STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy: A multifaceted intervention targeting oxidative stress and inflammation

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100579

Nikhil Garg , Ashi Mannan , Maneesh Mohan, Thakur Gurjeet Singh

Aim

The aim of the current study is to evaluate the effect of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Euphorbia prostrata (EPHAE) in diabetic nephropathy (DN) induced by NAD-STZ in rats.

Methods

NAD (230 mg/kg) was administered 15 min prior to the administration of STZ (65 mg/kg) in rats for the induction of DN. Body weight, glucose, insulin levels as well as behavioural parameters like polydipsia and polyphagia was noted. Biochemical estimations of AGEs, gluconeogenic enzymes, SOD, GSH, Cat, and TBARS was done using appropriate assays as well as levels of HDL, LDL, VLDL, cholesterol, TGs, albumin, BUN, creatine, urea, uric acid and kidney index were done using autoanalyzer. ELISA was employed for the determination of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β, and NF-κB.

Results

The NAD-STZ induced DN was successfully established as characterized by increased levels of glucose, water and food intake, as well as reduced levels of insulin and body weight. These levels were normalized after administration of EPHAE (150 mg/kg) and glimepiride (10 mg/kg) for 60 days. The levels of AGEs, gluconeogenic enzymes, even oxidative stress parameters like SOD, GSH, Cat and TBARs were found to be normalized after EPHAE and glimepiride administration. Moreover, the levels of HDL were increased whereas the levels of LDL, VLDL, cholesterol, TGs, albumin, BUN, creatine, urea, uric acid and kidney index were found to be decreased after administration of EPHAE and glimepiride in dose-dependent manner. Additionally, ELISA results reveal the reduction in IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, TGF-β and NF-κB levels after administration of EPHAE and glimepiride in dose dependent manner.

Conclusions

EPHAE demonstrates significant potential in the treatment of DN by regulating oxidative stress and inflammation.

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引用次数: 0

The role of AMP-activated protein kinase activators on energy balance and cellular metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100577

Saliha Aydin , Sevval Gulsah Tekinalp , Bilge Tuzcu , Furkan Cam , Mehmet Orkun Sevik , Esra Tatar , Deepak Kalaskar , Muhammet Emin Cam

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a growing health concern that leads to increased morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. A protein complex called AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates energy balance within cells and controls cellular metabolism. Over the past decade, numerous studies have highlighted the remarkable potential of AMPK and its activators in treating T2DM. Key compounds, including biguanides (e.g., metformin), thiazolidinediones, phenolic compounds (e.g., resveratrol), and AICAR, have demonstrated the ability to improve insulin sensitivity, enhance glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, reduce hepatic glucose production, and improve glycemic control. Additionally, AMPK activators have shown promising effects on lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which are critical factors in the pathogenesis of T2DM. The activation of AMPK by natural products and synthetic drug candidates represents a promising avenue for developing novel treatments targeting T2DM and its complications. This review aims to provide an overview of direct and indirect AMPK activation and its relevance in organs implicated in the development of T2DM.

{"title":"The role of AMP-activated protein kinase activators on energy balance and cellular metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus","authors":"Saliha Aydin , Sevval Gulsah Tekinalp , Bilge Tuzcu , Furkan Cam , Mehmet Orkun Sevik , Esra Tatar , Deepak Kalaskar , Muhammet Emin Cam","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a growing health concern that leads to increased morbidity and mortality rates worldwide. A protein complex called AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates energy balance within cells and controls cellular metabolism. Over the past decade, numerous studies have highlighted the remarkable potential of AMPK and its activators in treating T2DM. Key compounds, including biguanides (e.g., metformin), thiazolidinediones, phenolic compounds (e.g., resveratrol), and AICAR, have demonstrated the ability to improve insulin sensitivity, enhance glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, reduce hepatic glucose production, and improve glycemic control. Additionally, AMPK activators have shown promising effects on lipid metabolism, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which are critical factors in the pathogenesis of T2DM. The activation of AMPK by natural products and synthetic drug candidates represents a promising avenue for developing novel treatments targeting T2DM and its complications. This review aims to provide an overview of direct and indirect AMPK activation and its relevance in organs implicated in the development of T2DM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100577"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases in teachers

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100567

Fernando Guimarães Fonseca , Iury Marcos da Silva Pessoa , Tolentino Miranda Marco Túlio , Melline Mota Bispo Froes , Wender Soares Coelho , Yure Batista de Sousa , Desirée Sant'ana Haikal , Lucineia de Pinho

Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) significantly impact quality of life and contribute to increased morbidity and mortality rates. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of NCDs among teachers in the state public school system of Minas Gerais during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conducted as an epidemiological web survey, it included 15,641 teachers from August to September 2020. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics, the Omnibus test to evaluate variable associations, and a multiple Poisson regression model to estimate association magnitudes. The findings revealed that 30.6% of teachers had chronic NCDs, with higher prevalence in those aged 41 and older, single, earning between three to five minimum wages, having over 20 years of teaching experience, not engaging in physical activity, being ex-smokers, self-rating their health as poor/very poor, and expressing significant fear of COVID-19. The study identified a statistically significant association between NCDs and physical activity, smoking status, self-rated health, and fear of the virus. These results highlight a high prevalence of NCDs among teachers and underscore the urgent need for enhanced prevention and health promotion initiatives within this demographic.

{"title":"Prevalence of non-communicable chronic diseases in teachers","authors":"Fernando Guimarães Fonseca , Iury Marcos da Silva Pessoa , Tolentino Miranda Marco Túlio , Melline Mota Bispo Froes , Wender Soares Coelho , Yure Batista de Sousa , Desirée Sant'ana Haikal , Lucineia de Pinho","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100567","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100567","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) significantly impact quality of life and contribute to increased morbidity and mortality rates. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of NCDs among teachers in the state public school system of Minas Gerais during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conducted as an epidemiological web survey, it included 15,641 teachers from August to September 2020. Data analysis utilized descriptive statistics, the Omnibus test to evaluate variable associations, and a multiple Poisson regression model to estimate association magnitudes. The findings revealed that 30.6% of teachers had chronic NCDs, with higher prevalence in those aged 41 and older, single, earning between three to five minimum wages, having over 20 years of teaching experience, not engaging in physical activity, being ex-smokers, self-rating their health as poor/very poor, and expressing significant fear of COVID-19. The study identified a statistically significant association between NCDs and physical activity, smoking status, self-rated health, and fear of the virus. These results highlight a high prevalence of NCDs among teachers and underscore the urgent need for enhanced prevention and health promotion initiatives within this demographic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100567"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Investigating the multifactorial correlation between obesity and rheumatoid arthritis: A study of immunological and biochemical markers

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100578

Ali Saad Kadhim , Abdullah Salim Al-Karawi

Background

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent inflammation that primarily affects the synovial joints, leading to various clinical manifestations.

Objective

This study investigated the impact of obesity in immunologically affected individuals on the triggering of autoimmune response in RA patients, as well as the associated increased risk of RA progression.

Materials and methods

The comparative study that was carried out on a total of 300 participants were enrolled in this study, categorized into three distinct groups; 100 obese RA patients, 100 non-obese RA patients, and 100 healthy controls matched by age and sex. Serum and whole blood samples were collected for the analysis of oxidative stress markers, biochemical and serological parameters, immune cells, Autoantibodies, and interleukin levels.

Results

A notable significantly increase in the serum level of obese patients compared to other groups was observed in the concentration of oxidative stress, particularly 8-oxodG, which reached 101.9 ± 12.0 Pg/ml and positively correlated with the elevated levels of risk-1 (8.9 ± 3.6). The results indicated a significant increase in the interleukins, particularly IL-17 and IL-6 (230 ± 3.0 pg/ml), (116.0 ± 10.8 pg/ml) respectively. This increase was accompanied by a significant rise in autoantibodies, especially ANA (77.7 ± 5.9 AU/ml) and anti-MCV (155.7 ± 10.3 AU/ml). Finally, a strong significant correlation was observed between the elevated levels of antibodies ANA and the concentrations of IL-17, IL-6, and IL-4, (+0.44, +0.59 m and 0.59) along with an increase in the concentration of lymphocytic immune cells (58.2 ± 2.6 m/mm3).

Conclusion

Obesity and increased oxidative stress contribute to the development of RA, amplify inflammation through mechanisms such as molecular mimicry and neoantigen formation. Finally, this underscores the significance of managing obesity to potentially lessen the progression of RA.

{"title":"Investigating the multifactorial correlation between obesity and rheumatoid arthritis: A study of immunological and biochemical markers","authors":"Ali Saad Kadhim , Abdullah Salim Al-Karawi","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100578","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100578","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by persistent inflammation that primarily affects the synovial joints, leading to various clinical manifestations.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigated the impact of obesity in immunologically affected individuals on the triggering of autoimmune response in RA patients, as well as the associated increased risk of RA progression.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The comparative study that was carried out on a total of 300 participants were enrolled in this study, categorized into three distinct groups; 100 obese RA patients, 100 non-obese RA patients, and 100 healthy controls matched by age and sex. Serum and whole blood samples were collected for the analysis of oxidative stress markers, biochemical and serological parameters, immune cells, Autoantibodies, and interleukin levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A notable significantly increase in the serum level of obese patients compared to other groups was observed in the concentration of oxidative stress, particularly 8-oxodG, which reached 101.9 ± 12.0 Pg/ml and positively correlated with the elevated levels of risk-1 (8.9 ± 3.6). The results indicated a significant increase in the interleukins, particularly IL-17 and IL-6 (230 ± 3.0 pg/ml), (116.0 ± 10.8 pg/ml) respectively. This increase was accompanied by a significant rise in autoantibodies, especially ANA (77.7 ± 5.9 AU/ml) and anti-MCV (155.7 ± 10.3 AU/ml). Finally, a strong significant correlation was observed between the elevated levels of antibodies ANA and the concentrations of IL-17, IL-6, and IL-4, (+0.44, +0.59 m and 0.59) along with an increase in the concentration of lymphocytic immune cells (58.2 ± 2.6 m/mm3).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Obesity and increased oxidative stress contribute to the development of RA, amplify inflammation through mechanisms such as molecular mimicry and neoantigen formation. Finally, this underscores the significance of managing obesity to potentially lessen the progression of RA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 100578"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143144688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lipid Abnormalities and Their Association with Obesity and Hypertension Among Young Adults in Delhi-NCR, India

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100581

Oishi Choudhury , Seyielenuo Suokhrie , Kallur Nava Saraswathy, Vineet Chaudhary, Naorem Kiranmala Devi

Aims

Dyslipidemia, obesity, and hypertension are increasing among young adults, reflecting an epidemiological transition. Despite dyslipidemia's role in contributing to obesity and hypertension, it remains underexplored in young adults in India. This study assesses the prevalence, socio-demographic risk factors of dyslipidemia, and its association with obesity and hypertension in young adults in DelhiNCR, India.

Methods

A cross-sectional study among 3227 young adults (18–25 years) residing in Delhi-NCR. Sociodemographic data were collected using a pretested interview schedule. Obesity was assessed through BMI, waist and hip circumferences. Lipid abnormalities were categorized using NCEP ATP III guidelines.

Results

Dyslipidemia prevalence was 49.9%, with low HDL as the major contributor. Lipid abnormalities were higher in males compared to females, except for low HDL. Socio-demographic factors like higher education and parents' occupational status were associated with lipid abnormalities. Lipid abnormalities increased with age except for low HDL, which dropped post 21 years in males. Dyslipidemia was linked to higher risk of general and central obesity, with TG having the strongest association. All lipids, except HDL, were associated with hypertension. TG posed the strongest risk for both obesity and hypertension.

Conclusions

The study recommends early dyslipidemia screening for timely interventions through lifestyle modificationswhich could help in mitigating the burden of dyslipidemia and associated comorbidities.

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引用次数: 0

Vitamin B12: A cornerstone of cognitive and metabolic well-being in young adults

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100563

Deepanshi Sharma , Amandeep Singh , Yash Prashar

This systematic review investigates the relationship between vitamin B12 levels, biochemical markers, electrophysiological parameters, and cognitive functions, with particular attention to the impacts on obesity in young adults. Vitamin B12 plays a critical role in supporting metabolic and neurological health. This review emphasizes the potential risks associated with B12 deficiency, especially for individuals following restrictive diets such as vegetarianism or veganism. Comprehensive searches were conducted across databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, encompassing research published from January 2010 to February 2024. The selection process focused on original research, review articles, and clinical studies that examined the correlation between serum vitamin B12 levels, biochemical markers such as homocysteine and methylmalonic acid, and cognitive and metabolic outcomes. The review included approximately 80 high-quality studies. Key findings indicate that low vitamin B12 levels are common among obese individuals, contributing to metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance, increased inflammation, and lipid imbalances, which can further exacerbate obesity. The deficiency is also linked to compromised cognitive performance, including deficits in memory, executive function, and attention, due to impaired nerve conduction and altered neurotransmitter synthesis. This highlights the interconnected nature of B12 deficiency, obesity, and cognitive health, underscoring the need for targeted interventions. Ensuring adequate vitamin B12 intake is essential for maintaining metabolic balance and cognitive function, particularly in populations at risk of deficiency due to dietary restrictions or obesity. The review advocates for the development of tailored dietary guidelines and supplementation strategies to prevent deficiency and its associated health risks. Future research should focus on establishing causal relationships and evaluating effective intervention methods to support metabolic and cognitive health.

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引用次数: 0

Long-term management of obesity in adult patients

Q2 Medicine

Obesity Medicine

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2024.100580

Jingjie Wang , Gang Hu , Jun Yin

引用次数: 0