Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are one of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus, contributing to lower limb amputations and leading to decreased quality of life (QoL). Despite many advancements in the pathological approach of DFU, including neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing, translating scientific breakthroughs into a clinical setup is still a major challenge. This review highlights current advancements in DFU management by bridging the gap between scientific innovations and clinical applications. It focuses on the role of emerging therapies, such as stem cell therapies, 3D bioprinting, and nanotechnology applications. 3D printing customised wound coverings, such as Manipulated Autologous Extracellular Matrix (MA-ECM), demonstrated accelerated wound recovery compared to standard of care. In addition, the review highlights integrative approaches such as negative-pressure wound therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and diagnostic advancements enabled by artificial intelligence tools. The review explores the antimicrobial and biofilm targeting by using silver nanoparticles, bacteriophages, and photodynamic and blue light therapies. The review further describes the role of AI and ML in wound assessment, and the role of biophysical and electro-magnetic therapies in management.
{"title":"Therapeutic Frontiers in diabetic foot ulcers: Bridging science and clinical practice","authors":"Palwinder Kaur , Amani Gilbert Mfinanga , Vancha Harish , Sharfuddin Mohd , J.P. Yanadaiah , Palakurthi Yanadaiah , Krishnaveni Manubolu","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100678","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100678","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are one of the serious complications of diabetes mellitus, contributing to lower limb amputations and leading to decreased quality of life (QoL). Despite many advancements in the pathological approach of DFU, including neuropathy, ischemia, infection, and impaired wound healing, translating scientific breakthroughs into a clinical setup is still a major challenge. This review highlights current advancements in DFU management by bridging the gap between scientific innovations and clinical applications. It focuses on the role of emerging therapies, such as stem cell therapies, 3D bioprinting, and nanotechnology applications. 3D printing customised wound coverings, such as Manipulated Autologous Extracellular Matrix (MA-ECM), demonstrated accelerated wound recovery compared to standard of care. In addition, the review highlights integrative approaches such as negative-pressure wound therapy, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, and diagnostic advancements enabled by artificial intelligence tools. The review explores the antimicrobial and biofilm targeting by using silver nanoparticles, bacteriophages, and photodynamic and blue light therapies. The review further describes the role of AI and ML in wound assessment, and the role of biophysical and electro-magnetic therapies in management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100678"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-09DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100663
Mohammad Bani Younis , Mais Bani Younis
Background
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with increasing global prevalence, particularly linked to obesity. Obesity, measured by Body Mass Index, significantly heightens the risk of type 2 diabetes, with Arab countries showing some of the highest diabetes rates. Hypertension, another prevalent non-communicable disease, also poses significant cardiovascular risks, with early onset during adolescence and a growing burden worldwide.
Aims
This research aims to investigate the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity among university students. Another aim is to investigate the factors associated with diabetes and hypertension among university students.
Results
The blood pressure analysis shows 66 % of participants with normal levels, while 18 % have elevated and 16 % are hypertensive. Average systolic and diastolic pressures were 118.87 mmHg and 70.79 mmHg, respectively. Blood glucose measurements revealed variability, with fasting levels averaging 87.15 mg/dL and random levels averaging 95.12 mg/dL. Approximately 8 % of participants were prediabetic and 5 % were diabetic. The body mass index (BMI) values ranged from 16.87 to 45.70, with 59 % of participants in the normal range, 25 % classified as overweight, and 13 % as obese. Cluster analysis reveals that 63 % of the students had no cardiometabolic risk condition, 28 % had one condition, and 9 % had a clustering of more than one condition. Binary logistic regression indicates that each one-unit increase in BMI was associated with an 83 % higher likelihood of having high FBS. The results of the chi-square analysis suggest that individuals with obesity may have a substantially higher likelihood of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion
The study highlights a concerning prevalence of hypertension and obesity among university students, with 16 % classified as hypertensive and 13 % as obese. Although the majority of participants maintained normal blood pressure and BMI levels, the elevated rates of hypertension and obesity suggest an increased risk for future cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.
糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病，全球患病率不断上升，特别是与肥胖有关。体重指数（Body Mass Index）显示，肥胖显著增加了患2型糖尿病的风险，其中阿拉伯国家的糖尿病发病率最高。高血压是另一种普遍存在的非传染性疾病，也会造成严重的心血管风险，在青春期发病早，在世界范围内成为日益严重的负担。目的本研究旨在调查大学生糖尿病、高血压和肥胖的患病率。另一个目的是调查大学生糖尿病和高血压的相关因素。结果66%的参与者血压正常，18%的参与者血压升高，16%的参与者有高血压。平均收缩压为118.87 mmHg，舒张压为70.79 mmHg。血糖测量显示出差异性，空腹水平平均为87.15 mg/dL，随机水平平均为95.12 mg/dL。大约8%的参与者是糖尿病前期，5%是糖尿病患者。身体质量指数（BMI）值从16.87到45.70不等，59%的参与者处于正常范围，25%的参与者被归类为超重，13%的参与者被归类为肥胖。聚类分析显示，63%的学生没有心脏代谢危险状况，28%有一种情况，9%有一种以上的情况。二元逻辑回归表明，BMI每增加一个单位，高FBS的可能性增加83%。卡方分析的结果表明，肥胖个体患高血压和糖尿病的可能性要高得多。结论该研究突出了高血压和肥胖在大学生中的患病率，16%的大学生被归类为高血压，13%的大学生被归类为肥胖。虽然大多数参与者保持正常的血压和身体质量指数水平，但高血压和肥胖率的升高表明未来心血管和代谢紊乱的风险增加。
{"title":"Prevalence and associated factors of obesity, diabetes, and hypertension among university students in Jordan","authors":"Mohammad Bani Younis , Mais Bani Younis","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with increasing global prevalence, particularly linked to obesity. Obesity, measured by Body Mass Index, significantly heightens the risk of type 2 diabetes, with Arab countries showing some of the highest diabetes rates. Hypertension, another prevalent non-communicable disease, also poses significant cardiovascular risks, with early onset during adolescence and a growing burden worldwide.</div></div><div><h3>Aims</h3><div>This research aims to investigate the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity among university students. Another aim is to investigate the factors associated with diabetes and hypertension among university students.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The blood pressure analysis shows 66 % of participants with normal levels, while 18 % have elevated and 16 % are hypertensive. Average systolic and diastolic pressures were 118.87 mmHg and 70.79 mmHg, respectively. Blood glucose measurements revealed variability, with fasting levels averaging 87.15 mg/dL and random levels averaging 95.12 mg/dL. Approximately 8 % of participants were prediabetic and 5 % were diabetic. The body mass index (BMI) values ranged from 16.87 to 45.70, with 59 % of participants in the normal range, 25 % classified as overweight, and 13 % as obese. Cluster analysis reveals that 63 % of the students had no cardiometabolic risk condition, 28 % had one condition, and 9 % had a clustering of more than one condition. Binary logistic regression indicates that each one-unit increase in BMI was associated with an 83 % higher likelihood of having high FBS. The results of the chi-square analysis suggest that individuals with obesity may have a substantially higher likelihood of hypertension and diabetes mellitus.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study highlights a concerning prevalence of hypertension and obesity among university students, with 16 % classified as hypertensive and 13 % as obese. Although the majority of participants maintained normal blood pressure and BMI levels, the elevated rates of hypertension and obesity suggest an increased risk for future cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100663"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145570563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The gut microbiota has emerged as a fundamental regulator of host metabolic processes, significantly influencing energy balance, inflammatory responses, and endocrine signaling. Leptin, a key hormonal mediator of energy homeostasis, is secreted by adipocytes and regulates appetite, thermogenesis, and lipid metabolism via central and peripheral mechanisms. Dysregulation of leptin signaling, characterized by hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance, is a hallmark of obesity and related metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gut microbiota-derived modulators, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), bile acids, and other microbial metabolites, significantly affect leptin expression, secretion, and its downstream signaling. These microbial signals interact with intestinal and systemic immune pathways, alter gut permeability, and influence neuroendocrine axes, collectively shaping leptin sensitivity and affecting metabolic outcomes. Gut dysbiosis has been linked to impaired leptin transport across the blood–brain barrier and disrupted hypothalamic signaling, further exacerbating metabolic dysfunction. Leptin may influence the gut microbial composition, highlighting a bidirectional regulatory relationship. This review synthesizes the current evidence on gut microbiota–leptin crosstalk and explores emerging microbiota-targeted strategies to restore leptin sensitivity, offering promising avenues for managing obesity and its associated metabolic complications.
{"title":"Gut Microbiota–Leptin crosstalk in obesity and metabolic dysregulation","authors":"Loushambam Samananda Singh , Laimayum Amarnath Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The gut microbiota has emerged as a fundamental regulator of host metabolic processes, significantly influencing energy balance, inflammatory responses, and endocrine signaling. Leptin, a key hormonal mediator of energy homeostasis, is secreted by adipocytes and regulates appetite, thermogenesis, and lipid metabolism via central and peripheral mechanisms. Dysregulation of leptin signaling, characterized by hyperleptinemia and leptin resistance, is a hallmark of obesity and related metabolic disorders, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Gut microbiota-derived modulators, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), lipopolysaccharides (LPS), bile acids, and other microbial metabolites, significantly affect leptin expression, secretion, and its downstream signaling. These microbial signals interact with intestinal and systemic immune pathways, alter gut permeability, and influence neuroendocrine axes, collectively shaping leptin sensitivity and affecting metabolic outcomes. Gut dysbiosis has been linked to impaired leptin transport across the blood–brain barrier and disrupted hypothalamic signaling, further exacerbating metabolic dysfunction. Leptin may influence the gut microbial composition, highlighting a bidirectional regulatory relationship. This review synthesizes the current evidence on gut microbiota–leptin crosstalk and explores emerging microbiota-targeted strategies to restore leptin sensitivity, offering promising avenues for managing obesity and its associated metabolic complications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100680
Reem J. Al Argan , Safi G. Alqatari , Abrar J. Alwaheed , Manal A. Hasan , Shaya Y. AlQahtani , Mohammed D. Al Shubbar , Abdullah H. Alnasser , Safia M. Al Abbas , Noor H. AlYousef
<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity is a global public health crisis, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality due to its strong association with chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and malignancies. Concurrently, vitamin D deficiency has become widespread, affecting nearly one billion people worldwide. Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate an inverse relationship between obesity and vitamin D levels, with emerging hypotheses suggesting a bidirectional link.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This review examines the association between obesity and vitamin D status, the underlying biological mechanisms, the role of vitamin D in metabolic disease, and the implications of vitamin D supplementation in obese populations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Epidemiological studies confirm that obese individuals exhibit significantly lower circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels than their normal-weight counterparts. Mendelian randomization analyses further establish a causal link, indicating that obesity leads to vitamin D deficiency, rather than vice versa. Proposed biological mechanisms include volumetric dilution due to increased adipose tissue, sequestration of vitamin D in fat stores, and obesity-related impairments in vitamin D metabolism. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in metabolic health by influencing insulin secretion, lipid metabolism, and blood pressure regulation. Deficiency has been associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), exacerbating obesity-related metabolic complications. However, while vitamin D supplementation effectively raises serum 25(OH)D levels, its impact on improving metabolic outcomes remains inconsistent across interventional studies. In addition, the joint impact of obesity and vitamin D deficiency on bone health remains unexplored, despite distinct mechanisms suggesting additive or synergistic harm. Targeted studies are needed to assess their combined effects using robust designs and comprehensive skeletal outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The strong inverse relationship between obesity and vitamin D status highlights the need for targeted interventions. While weight loss modestly improves vitamin D levels, BMI-adjusted vitamin D supplementation may be the most effective strategy for correcting deficiency in obese populations. Current guidelines suggest that obese individuals require higher doses of vitamin D to achieve optimal serum levels. However, further research is necessary to refine dosing strategies and determine the long-term impact of supplementation on metabolic health outcomes. Future investigations should integrate personalized supplementation approaches with lifestyle and pharmacological interventions to mitigate obesity-related metabolic disturbances effectively. Furthermore, obesity and vitamin D deficiency may jointly exacerbate skeletal de
{"title":"Vitamin D deficiency in obesity: Epidemiological evidence, biological mechanisms, and clinical considerations","authors":"Reem J. Al Argan , Safi G. Alqatari , Abrar J. Alwaheed , Manal A. Hasan , Shaya Y. AlQahtani , Mohammed D. Al Shubbar , Abdullah H. Alnasser , Safia M. Al Abbas , Noor H. AlYousef","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100680","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Obesity is a global public health crisis, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality due to its strong association with chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and malignancies. Concurrently, vitamin D deficiency has become widespread, affecting nearly one billion people worldwide. Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate an inverse relationship between obesity and vitamin D levels, with emerging hypotheses suggesting a bidirectional link.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This review examines the association between obesity and vitamin D status, the underlying biological mechanisms, the role of vitamin D in metabolic disease, and the implications of vitamin D supplementation in obese populations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Epidemiological studies confirm that obese individuals exhibit significantly lower circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels than their normal-weight counterparts. Mendelian randomization analyses further establish a causal link, indicating that obesity leads to vitamin D deficiency, rather than vice versa. Proposed biological mechanisms include volumetric dilution due to increased adipose tissue, sequestration of vitamin D in fat stores, and obesity-related impairments in vitamin D metabolism. Vitamin D plays a crucial role in metabolic health by influencing insulin secretion, lipid metabolism, and blood pressure regulation. Deficiency has been associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and overactivation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), exacerbating obesity-related metabolic complications. However, while vitamin D supplementation effectively raises serum 25(OH)D levels, its impact on improving metabolic outcomes remains inconsistent across interventional studies. In addition, the joint impact of obesity and vitamin D deficiency on bone health remains unexplored, despite distinct mechanisms suggesting additive or synergistic harm. Targeted studies are needed to assess their combined effects using robust designs and comprehensive skeletal outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The strong inverse relationship between obesity and vitamin D status highlights the need for targeted interventions. While weight loss modestly improves vitamin D levels, BMI-adjusted vitamin D supplementation may be the most effective strategy for correcting deficiency in obese populations. Current guidelines suggest that obese individuals require higher doses of vitamin D to achieve optimal serum levels. However, further research is necessary to refine dosing strategies and determine the long-term impact of supplementation on metabolic health outcomes. Future investigations should integrate personalized supplementation approaches with lifestyle and pharmacological interventions to mitigate obesity-related metabolic disturbances effectively. Furthermore, obesity and vitamin D deficiency may jointly exacerbate skeletal de","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100680"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100676
Sanja Lepić , Sonja Marjanović
Objective
Healthcare personnel are pivotal in promoting healthy lifestyles, including balanced nutrition. This study compares nutritional knowledge and its relationship with anthropometric measures between healthcare and non-healthcare personnel at a tertiary healthcare facility.
Methods
A cross-sectional study of 200 participants (100 healthcare, 100 non-healthcare personnel; equal gender distribution) used questionnaires to assess nutritional knowledge across four domains and measured anthropometric indices (BMI, PBF). Statistical analyses included t-tests, chi-square tests, and ANOVA.
Results
Healthcare personnel demonstrated significantly better nutritional knowledge (p < 0.01) and health awareness (p < 0.05) than non-healthcare personnel. Females scored higher in dietary habits (p = 0.03) and health awareness (p = 0.04). While no direct correlation between total nutrition scores and BMI/PBF was found, higher physical activity scores were linked to healthier anthropometric measures (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
Enhanced nutritional knowledge among healthcare personnel, particularly women, may influence healthier body composition. This study highlights the need to address nutritional knowledge gaps and promote healthier lifestyles. Further research should explore targeted interventions for knowledge application in obesity prevention.
{"title":"Nutritional knowledge and obesity in healthcare vs. non-healthcare hospital personnel","authors":"Sanja Lepić , Sonja Marjanović","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Healthcare personnel are pivotal in promoting healthy lifestyles, including balanced nutrition. This study compares nutritional knowledge and its relationship with anthropometric measures between healthcare and non-healthcare personnel at a tertiary healthcare facility.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study of 200 participants (100 healthcare, 100 non-healthcare personnel; equal gender distribution) used questionnaires to assess nutritional knowledge across four domains and measured anthropometric indices (BMI, PBF). Statistical analyses included t-tests, chi-square tests, and ANOVA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Healthcare personnel demonstrated significantly better nutritional knowledge (p < 0.01) and health awareness (p < 0.05) than non-healthcare personnel. Females scored higher in dietary habits (p = 0.03) and health awareness (p = 0.04). While no direct correlation between total nutrition scores and BMI/PBF was found, higher physical activity scores were linked to healthier anthropometric measures (p < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Enhanced nutritional knowledge among healthcare personnel, particularly women, may influence healthier body composition. This study highlights the need to address nutritional knowledge gaps and promote healthier lifestyles. Further research should explore targeted interventions for knowledge application in obesity prevention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-12DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100666
S. Arin Natania
I found the recent study by Alkhalfan et al. for identifying uric acid as a potential biomarker for lipedema and lymphedema through untargeted plasma metabolomics. To further enhance the clinical translation of these findings, I, propose a structured framework comprising baseline control characterization, longitudinal uric acid profiling across treatment phases, multi-analyte biomarker integration, and endocrine-based stratification. This approach aims to improve diagnostic specificity, accommodate inter-individual variability, and establish uric acid as a reliable tool in differentiating and monitoring lymphatic disorders.
{"title":"Letter to the editor regarding the article “Exploring uric acid as a biomarker in lipedema and lymphedema: A metabolomics study with prospective validation”","authors":"S. Arin Natania","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>I found the recent study by Alkhalfan et al. for identifying uric acid as a potential biomarker for lipedema and lymphedema through untargeted plasma metabolomics. To further enhance the clinical translation of these findings, I, propose a structured framework comprising baseline control characterization, longitudinal uric acid profiling across treatment phases, multi-analyte biomarker integration, and endocrine-based stratification. This approach aims to improve diagnostic specificity, accommodate inter-individual variability, and establish uric acid as a reliable tool in differentiating and monitoring lymphatic disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100666"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145976493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100665
Harini K N , Savithri Nilkantham
Objective
The co-occurrence of hypothyroidism and obesity has drawn growing research attention due to their shared metabolic and hormonal links, which collectively worsen health outcomes and quality of life. This study evaluates current treatment strategies and examines the potential of integrative approaches to treat individuals experiencing both conditions.
Design/methodology/approach
This systematic review examines clinical studies on treatments for co-occurring hypothyroidism and obesity. A comprehensive search was carried out in Scopus and Web of Science databases using 12 different search terms till September 2025 in the area of “hypothyroidism and obesity treatments” following PRISMA guidelines to select the relevant English-language peer-reviewed articles for review.
Principle findings
This study categorizes treatment approaches for co-occurring hypothyroidism and obesity into two primary groups: “Conventional and Non-conventional”, with each comprising distinct sub-groups. Conventional treatments include medication (oral or injectable drugs) and surgery (such as laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, or thyroidectomy); non-conventional treatments encompass lifestyle (diet, nutrition, exercise, and micronutrient supplementation) and complementary therapies (yoga, Ayurveda, naturopathy, and other mind–body practices). The findings highlight the need for further research on non-conventional treatments for subclinical forms of hypothyroidism and obesity and also combining conventional & non-conventional approaches for managing clinical hypothyroidism and obesity.
Conclusion
Hypothyroidism and obesity often co-occur, complicating treatment. While conventional treatments like medication and surgery target thyroid function, non-conventional treatments like lifestyle and complementary therapy, improve metabolism, stress management, and well-being. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic literature review that evaluates several treatment methods for the combined adverse effects of hypothyroidism and obesity, suggesting effective control and prevention strategies and proposing directions for future research.
目的甲状腺功能减退和肥胖的共同发生由于其共同的代谢和激素联系而引起越来越多的研究关注，这共同恶化了健康结果和生活质量。本研究评估了目前的治疗策略，并探讨了综合治疗方法治疗两种情况的潜力。设计/方法/方法：本系统综述探讨了甲状腺功能减退和肥胖共存的临床研究。根据PRISMA指南，使用12种不同的检索词在Scopus和Web of Science数据库中进行综合检索，检索范围为“甲状腺功能减退和肥胖治疗”，检索时间截止到2025年9月，选取相关的英文同行评议文章进行综述。本研究将同时发生的甲状腺功能减退和肥胖的治疗方法分为两组：“常规和非常规”，每组都包含不同的亚组。常规治疗包括药物（口服或注射药物）和手术（如腹腔镜袖式胃切除术、Roux-en-Y胃旁路手术或甲状腺切除术）；非传统疗法包括生活方式（饮食、营养、运动和微量营养素补充）和补充疗法（瑜伽、阿育吠陀、自然疗法和其他身心练习）。这一发现强调了对亚临床形式甲状腺功能减退和肥胖的非传统治疗方法的进一步研究，以及将传统和非传统方法结合起来治疗临床甲状腺功能减退和肥胖的必要性。结论甲状腺功能减退常与肥胖合并症，使治疗复杂化。虽然药物和手术等传统治疗针对的是甲状腺功能，但生活方式和补充疗法等非传统治疗可以改善新陈代谢、压力管理和健康。据我们所知，这是第一次系统的文献综述，评估了甲状腺功能减退和肥胖合并不良反应的几种治疗方法，提出了有效的控制和预防策略，并为未来的研究方向提出了建议。
{"title":"Treatment approaches for co-occurring hypothyroidism and obesity: A systematic literature review","authors":"Harini K N , Savithri Nilkantham","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The co-occurrence of hypothyroidism and obesity has drawn growing research attention due to their shared metabolic and hormonal links, which collectively worsen health outcomes and quality of life. This study evaluates current treatment strategies and examines the potential of integrative approaches to treat individuals experiencing both conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3><div>This systematic review examines clinical studies on treatments for co-occurring hypothyroidism and obesity. A comprehensive search was carried out in Scopus and Web of Science databases using 12 different search terms till September 2025 in the area of “hypothyroidism and obesity treatments” following PRISMA guidelines to select the relevant English-language peer-reviewed articles for review.</div></div><div><h3>Principle findings</h3><div>This study categorizes treatment approaches for co-occurring hypothyroidism and obesity into two primary groups: “Conventional and Non-conventional”, with each comprising distinct sub-groups. Conventional treatments include medication (oral or injectable drugs) and surgery (such as laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, or thyroidectomy); non-conventional treatments encompass lifestyle (diet, nutrition, exercise, and micronutrient supplementation) and complementary therapies (yoga, Ayurveda, naturopathy, and other mind–body practices). The findings highlight the need for further research on non-conventional treatments for subclinical forms of hypothyroidism and obesity and also combining conventional & non-conventional approaches for managing clinical hypothyroidism and obesity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hypothyroidism and obesity often co-occur, complicating treatment. While conventional treatments like medication and surgery target thyroid function, non-conventional treatments like lifestyle and complementary therapy, improve metabolism, stress management, and well-being. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic literature review that evaluates several treatment methods for the combined adverse effects of hypothyroidism and obesity, suggesting effective control and prevention strategies and proposing directions for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100665"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145521196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimizing post-bariatric surgery weight management: The role of semaglutide","authors":"Tannaz Jamialahmadi , Wael Almahmeed , Salim S. Virani , Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100675","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100675","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100675"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100681
Elaine Chiquette , Louise Thisted , Michael Feigh , Stephen Daly , James Besser , David G. Maggs
Subcutaneous pump delivery of the GLP1-receptor-agonist exenatide reduced body weight and improved glycemia in the DIO mouse. Basal-bolus administration conferred advantage over basal alone. This mode of incretin-based therapy offers an alternative to conventional intermittent dosing and further examination of this approach is warranted.
{"title":"Elucidating the potential benefit of pump-delivered subcutaneous GLP-1R agonist: an exploratory study in the diet-induced obese mouse","authors":"Elaine Chiquette , Louise Thisted , Michael Feigh , Stephen Daly , James Besser , David G. Maggs","doi":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100681","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.obmed.2025.100681","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Subcutaneous pump delivery of the GLP1-receptor-agonist exenatide reduced body weight and improved glycemia in the DIO mouse. Basal-bolus administration conferred advantage over basal alone. This mode of incretin-based therapy offers an alternative to conventional intermittent dosing and further examination of this approach is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37876,"journal":{"name":"Obesity Medicine","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 100681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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