Ecological Genetics and Genomics最新文献_第6页

Isolation and characterization of antimicrobial and antioxidant-producing culturable bacteria from Sof Umer Cave, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚sofumer洞穴中产生抗微生物和抗氧化剂的可培养细菌的分离和鉴定

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100393

Abu Feyisa Meka , Ebisa Chaluma Abdeta , Gessesse Kebede Bekele , Musin Kelel Abas , Mesfin Tafesse Gemeda

Sof Umer Cave represents a unique and understudied ecosystem that harbors bacteria of significant industrial relevance. Despite its potential, the culturable bacteria from this cave with antimicrobial and antioxidant properties remain unexplored. This study aimed to isolate and characterize such bacteria using a several types of culture media. A total of 40 isolates were selected based on morphological distinctiveness from rock, sediment, and soil samples, with respective distribution rates of 52.36 %, 32.62 %, and 15.02 %. These isolates exhibited diverse morphological features, including differences in colony appearance and pigment production. Primary screening revealed that 45 % of the isolates were showed antimicrobial activity against reference pathogens. Among these, four isolates, AsucR1, AsucR2, AsucR5, and AsucR9, exhibited particularly strong antimicrobial activity. Antioxidant activity, assessed via the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, revealed varying degrees of free radical scavenging potential, as indicated by their half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values. Molecular identification using 16S-rRNA partial gene sequencing confirmed that the four potent isolates were closely related to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Chryseobacterium shigense, and Cupriavidus alkaliphilus, all of which are known producers of bioactive compounds. These findings highlight the Sof Umer Cave untapped potential for novel drug discovery and underscore the need for further investigation into its microbial diversity.

sofumer Cave代表了一个独特的、未被充分研究的生态系统，其中蕴藏着具有重要工业意义的细菌。尽管具有潜力，但这个洞穴中具有抗菌和抗氧化特性的可培养细菌仍未被探索。本研究旨在利用几种类型的培养基分离和表征这类细菌。根据形态特征从岩石、沉积物和土壤样品中筛选出40株分离菌，分布率分别为52.36%、32.62%和15.02%。这些分离株表现出不同的形态特征，包括菌落外观和色素产生的差异。初步筛选结果显示，45%的分离株对参比病原菌具有抗菌活性。其中，AsucR1、AsucR2、AsucR5和AsucR9表现出较强的抗菌活性。通过2,2-二苯基-1-苦味酰肼（DPPH）测定，显示出不同程度的自由基清除潜力，如其最大抑制浓度（IC50）值所示。16S-rRNA部分基因测序鉴定证实，这4株强效菌株与嗜麦芽窄养单胞菌、志贺黄杆菌和嗜碱铜杆菌密切相关，均为已知的生物活性物质的产生菌。这些发现突出了sofumer洞穴尚未开发的新药开发潜力，并强调了进一步研究其微生物多样性的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Genetic variability among fine flavor cocoa hybrids for precocity and tolerance to cocoa swollen shoot virus disease 优良风味可可杂交种早熟及对可可肿芽病毒病耐受性的遗传变异

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100392

Abu Mustapha Dadzie, Ebenezer Obeng-Bio, Kwabena Asare Bediako, Maame Adjoa Segbefia, Atta Ofori, Frank Owusu-Ansah, Owusu Domfeh

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) contributes significantly to gross domestic product (GDP) and livelihood of over 700,000 people in Ghana. The objectives of this study were to determine (1) precocity, vigor and breeding value of five fine flavor clones across two contrasting agro-ecologies, (2) gene action modulating seven agronomic traits including cocoa swollen shoot disease (CSSD) tolerance. Thirty F₁ families were generated by crossing six superior females with five fine flavor clones in a 6 × 5 North Carolina design II (NCII). Two sets of experiments were conducted; field evaluation of 30 hybrids with two checks across Tafo and Afosu while the second experiment involved a gauze house screening of same set of hybrids for CSSD tolerance. Results indicated significant (P < 0.05) variability among the hybrids for the studied traits attributable to location and genotype. Most precocious clone with significant contribution to pod number was SGU50, while most precocious hybrids included CRG9006 × SGU50 and GU144C × SGU50. Clone GU144C had significant and positive general combining ability effect for vigor. Best surviving hybrids across locations included CRG9006 × ICS1, CRG9006 × SGU50, MAN15-2 × PLAYA-ALTA2 and MAN15-2 × SGU50. Field survival of hybrids depended on location and hybrid type.

Hybrids were sensitive to the New Juabeng strain of the cacao swollen shoot Togo B virus (CSSTBV) species. Severity of (CSSD) symptom expression was highly variable. Five hybrids, (CRG9006 × CC11, MAN15-2 × CC11, CRG9006 × PLAYA-ALTA2, PA7 × ICS1, PA150 × VENC4-4) were tolerant to CSSD. Most studied traits were conditioned by additive and non-additive gene actions, therefore, both recurrent and reciprocal recurrent selection approaches would be effective breeding strategies for improvement.

可可（Theobroma cacao L.）对加纳70多万人的国内生产总值和生计做出了重大贡献。本研究的目的是确定(1)不同农业生态条件下5个优质风味无性系的早熟性、活力和育种价值；(2)可可肿芽病（CSSD）耐受性等7个农艺性状的基因调控作用。以6 × 5北卡罗莱纳设计II （NCII）为材料，将6个优良雌性与5个优良风味无性系杂交，得到30个F1家族。进行了两组实验；现场评价了30个杂交种，在Tafo和Afosu进行了两次检查，而第二次试验涉及对同一组杂交种的CSSD耐受性进行了纱布筛选。结果显示显著(P <；所研究性状在杂交种间因位置和基因型的差异（0.05）。对荚果数贡献最大的早熟无性系为SGU50，而对荚果数贡献最大的早熟杂交种为CRG9006 × SGU50和GU144C × SGU50。无性系GU144C具有显著的正一般配合力效应。在不同地点存活最好的杂交品种包括CRG9006 × ICS1、CRG9006 × SGU50、MAN15-2 × PLAYA-ALTA2和MAN15-2 × SGU50。杂交种的田间存活率取决于地点和杂交种。杂交种对可可膨化芽多哥B病毒（CSSTBV）新品种Juabeng株敏感。CSSD症状表达的严重程度变化很大。5个杂交品种（CRG9006 × CC11、MAN15-2 × CC11、CRG9006 × PLAYA-ALTA2、PA7 × ICS1、PA150 × VENC4-4）耐CSSD。大多数研究性状受加性和非加性基因作用的制约，因此，循环选择和互惠循环选择都是有效的改良育种策略。

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引用次数: 0

GGE-biplot investigation of climate-smart Senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl.) genotypes' agronomic performance, biomass, and yield stability across years/environments 气候智能型塞纳（Cassia angustifolia Vahl.）基因型农艺性能、生物量和产量稳定性的ge -双标图研究

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100390

Ashish Kumar , R.K. Lal , Ramesh Kumar Srivastava , S. Venugopal , A.C. Jnanesha , A. Niranjana Kumar , Anil Kumar Gupta

Senna is a popular medicinal herb used in almost all healthcare systems as a laxative. The primary issue this research addresses is the significant yield variability in Senna (Cassia angustifolia) across different environments, which hinders the identification and adoption of genotypes with consistent performance. This instability arises from strong genotype × environment interactions, making it difficult for breeders to select robust, high-yielding lines suitable for diverse agro-ecological zones. To overcome this challenge, our study employed AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) and GGE biplot analyses across multi-environment trials to assess yield performance, adaptability, and stability of various genotypes. These advanced statistical tools allowed us to separate main effects from interactions and visually interpret genotype responses across locations. The biplot depicts the which-won-where trend in various situations, illustrating the adaptability of the lines. PC1 and PC2's x and y axes explained 80.30 % and 9.3 % of the total variation (89.60 %), and 61.0 % and 21.30 % (82.30 %). The six environments were categorized, and then appropriate genotypes were chosen for each. Our findings identified genotypes SEN-1, 10, and 12 as the most stable and high-yielding across the tested environments. These genotypes demonstrated minimal interaction effects and superior adaptability, indicating their potential for widespread cultivation and inclusion in future breeding programs to improve Senna production. Therefore, this research not only fills a critical gap in the stability analysis of Senna but also provides concrete recommendations for genotype deployment in varied Indian agro-climates for large-scale production.

番泻草是一种流行的草药，几乎在所有的医疗保健系统中用作泻药。本研究解决的主要问题是塞纳（决明子）在不同环境下的显著产量变异，这阻碍了具有一致性能的基因型的鉴定和采用。这种不稳定性源于基因型与环境的强烈相互作用，使得育种者难以选择适合不同农业生态区的健壮高产品系。为了克服这一挑战，我们的研究采用了AMMI （Additive Main Effects and multiplative Interaction）和GGE双图分析，在多环境试验中评估了不同基因型的产量性能、适应性和稳定性。这些先进的统计工具使我们能够从相互作用中分离出主要影响，并直观地解释不同地点的基因型反应。双标图描绘了在各种情况下哪个赢了哪里的趋势，说明了线的适应性。PC1和PC2的x轴和y轴分别解释了总变异的80.30%和9.3%(89.60%)，61.0%和21.30%（82.30%）。对6种环境进行分类，选择相应的基因型。我们的研究结果确定SEN-1、10和12基因型在测试环境中是最稳定和高产的。这些基因型表现出最小的相互作用效应和优越的适应性，表明它们具有广泛种植和纳入未来育种计划以提高番泻草产量的潜力。因此，本研究不仅填补了番泻稳定性分析的关键空白，而且为在印度不同农业气候条件下进行基因型配置以实现大规模生产提供了具体建议。

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引用次数: 0

Applying trnL-trnF and ITS loci for species identification of agarwood: A study from Assam, India 应用trnL-trnF和ITS位点鉴定沉香属植物：印度阿萨姆邦的研究

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100391

Barasha Sarma, Ankur Das, Sofia Banu

Aquilaria species are renowned for producing agarwood, a dark, fragrant resin with significant medicinal and economic value. Due to high market demand, overexploitation, and limited natural availability, the prevalence of counterfeit agarwood products has increased, highlighting the need for accurate species identification to ensure product authenticity and support conservation efforts. Traditional morphological methods are often inadequate for reliable species-level discrimination, particularly in semi-processed or traded materials. In this study, DNA was extracted from 20 commercial Aquilaria wood log samples, and two genomic loci, viz., trnL-trnF (chloroplast) and ITS (nuclear), were PCR-amplified and analysed. Sequence identity was assessed via BLASTn, and phylogenetic relationships were reconstructed using MEGA X. While the ITS region showed limited taxonomic resolution due to high sequence similarity among A. agallochum, A. yunnanensis, and A. malaccensis, the trnL-trnF locus consistently identified most samples as A. agallochum, demonstrating superior species-level resolving power. However, ambiguous cases suggest that single-locus markers may not always be conclusive. These findings underscore the value of trnL-trnF as a practical and reliable molecular marker for agarwood authentication, while also pointing potential of full chloroplast genome strategies for more definitive species identification across the Aquilaria genus.

沉香属以生产沉香木而闻名，沉香木是一种具有重要药用和经济价值的深色芳香树脂。由于市场需求高、过度开发和自然资源有限，假冒沉香木产品的流行有所增加，这突出了对准确物种鉴定的需求，以确保产品的真实性并支持保护工作。传统的形态学方法往往不足以进行可靠的物种水平的区分，特别是在半成品或交易材料中。本研究从20份商业沉香原木样品中提取DNA，对trnL-trnF（叶绿体）和ITS（核）两个基因组位点进行pcr扩增和分析。利用BLASTn进行序列一致性评估，并用MEGA x重建系统发育关系。ITS区域由于沉香、云南沉香和malaccensis之间的序列高度相似，其分类分辨率有限，而trnL-trnF位点一致地将大多数样本识别为沉香，显示出优越的物种水平分辨率。然而，模棱两可的病例表明，单位点标记可能并不总是决定性的。这些发现强调了trnL-trnF作为沉香鉴定实用可靠的分子标记的价值，同时也指出了全叶绿体基因组策略在沉香属更明确的物种鉴定中的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Genotype responsiveness to exogenous auxin in the stem cutting of Coleus scutellarioides 黄芩茎切对外源生长素的基因型响应

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100387

Rahmat Budiarto , Syariful Mubarok , Raja Fatah Akbar , Moch Rosyadi Adnan , Supatida Abdullakasim

The commercial ornamental coleus (Coleus scutellarioides) is propagated through stem cuttings to maintain its colorful foliage. This study aimed to evaluate the use of exogenous auxin to enhance the growth of coleus seedlings from stem cuttings. The experiment used a split-plot design to determine the optimal auxin concentration for three commercial coleus genotypes (cv. Pink Splash, Krisna, and Kemuning). The concentrations tested were control, 5 ppm, 10 ppm, 20 ppm, and 40 ppm indole acetic acid (IAA). This study showed a 100 % survival rate in cutting after five weeks, as all cuttings successfully rooted, regardless of genotype and auxin. The most auxin-responsive genotype is cv. Kemuning, showing stable growth improvements across IAA concentrations and greater tolerance to high IAA levels. Pink Splash coleus showed strong growth at moderate auxin levels but experienced a sharp decline at higher concentrations, indicating sensitivity to auxin overdose. In opposite, Krisna coleus exhibited a limited and inconsistent response to auxin. Regardless of genotype, exogenous auxin administration at 10 and 20 ppm significantly enhanced leaf and flush growth, whereas 40 ppm suppressed it. This finding recommends the use of 10 ppm IAA to optimize coleus flush growth during stem cutting propagation.

商业观赏色堇（coleus scutellarioides）是通过茎扦插繁殖以保持其丰富多彩的叶子。本研究旨在探讨外源生长素对花菜扦插苗生长的促进作用。本实验采用裂图设计，确定了三种商业色堇基因型(cv。Pink Splash、Krisna和Kemuning)。试验浓度为对照、5 ppm、10 ppm、20 ppm和40 ppm的吲哚乙酸（IAA）。本研究表明，无论基因型和生长素如何，5周后扦插成活率为100%，所有扦插均成功生根。生长素反应最明显的基因型是cv。在不同的IAA浓度下，克穆宁表现出稳定的生长改善，对高IAA水平的耐受性更强。在中等生长素水平下，粉红水花表现出强劲的生长，但在较高浓度下急剧下降，表明对生长素过量敏感。相反，花楸对生长素的反应有限且不一致。无论基因型如何，外源生长素在10和20 ppm浓度下显著促进叶片和红叶生长，而在40 ppm浓度下则抑制其生长。这一发现建议使用10 ppm的IAA来优化茎切繁殖期间的花柱生长。

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引用次数: 0

Unraveling the molecular response: Transcriptomics analysis of heat shocked Bemisia tabaci (Asia II 5 biotype) 热休克烟粉虱（亚洲ⅱ5型）转录组学分析

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-07-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100386

Bulbul Ahmed , Subham Dutta , Kousik Atta , Mritunjoy Barman

Bemisia tabaci (BT) (Gennadius), often known as the sweet potato whitefly, is a group of whiteflies that are currently causing major damage to agricultural crops. More than 600 plant species are infected by BT, which thrives in a wide range of temperature conditions. In addition, it harms caused by extracting plant sap. It also serves as a carrier for many plant viruses. Heat-shock proteins are crucial in facilitating the insect's ability to expand its geographic range, endure various stressful circumstances, and reproduce. Using RNA sequencing and differential expression analysis, we identified a significant number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs). These DEGs are associated with metabolic pathways, energy production, protein synthesis, and nucleotide metabolism, which are crucial for cellular function and survival, particularly under conditions of heat stress. Our findings contribute to the understanding of gene expression through the functional annotation in various biological processes, including ion binding and metabolic pathways, likely contributing to heat stress response mechanisms. Validation of the expressed gene patterns using qRT-PCR for the confirmation of the differential expression of key genes associated with stress response pathways. Additionally, the study identified SSR markers for genetic characterization and provided insights into the genetic diversity.

烟粉虱（BT）（Gennadius），通常被称为甘薯粉虱，是一组白蝇，目前对农作物造成重大危害。超过600种植物被BT感染，BT在各种温度条件下都能茁壮成长。此外，它还具有提取植物汁液造成的危害，也是许多植物病毒的载体。热休克蛋白对促进昆虫扩大地理范围、忍受各种压力环境和繁殖的能力至关重要。通过RNA测序和差异表达分析，我们发现了大量差异表达基因（DEGs）。这些deg与代谢途径、能量产生、蛋白质合成和核苷酸代谢有关，对细胞功能和存活至关重要，特别是在热应激条件下。我们的发现有助于理解基因表达在各种生物过程中的功能注释，包括离子结合和代谢途径，可能有助于热应激反应机制。使用qRT-PCR验证表达的基因模式，以确认与应激反应途径相关的关键基因的差异表达。此外，本研究还鉴定了SSR标记进行遗传表征，为进一步了解遗传多样性提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative metagenomic profiling of gut microbiota in wild and reared Rhynchophorus phoenicis (Coleoptera: Dryophthoridae) across developmental stages in central-west côte d'Ivoire côte科特迪瓦中西部野生和饲养的腓胫蝗（鞘翅目：干蝗科）不同发育阶段肠道微生物群的宏基因组比较分析

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100385

Adjoua Christiane Eunice Boko , Dago Liliane Yao , Sika Hortense Blei , Okran Beyosse Christophe Kacou , Djédoux Maxime Angaman

The African palm weevil (Rhynchophorus phoenicis) is a nutrient-rich edible insect widely consumed in West and Central Africa. Despite its dietary significance, limited information is available on the gut microbial communities associated with this insect, particularly concerning the influence of farming practices and developmental stages. This study investigated the taxonomic and functional profiles of gut microbiota in R. phoenicis collected from both wild and reared environments across larval and adult stages. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on four groups, namely reared adults (AE), reared larvae (LE), wild adults (AS) and wild larvae (LS), using the PacBio Revio platform. Taxonomic profiling ranged from phylum to species levels, and functional annotations were based on KEGG pathway predictions. Results revealed that AE samples exhibited the highest microbial richness and functional diversity (Shannon index up to 3.2; Simpson index up to 0.95). Reared individuals (AE and LE) harbored more balanced and metabolically versatile microbial communities, enriched in pathways related to carbohydrate metabolism, vitamin biosynthesis, and xenobiotic degradation. In contrast, wild individuals, particularly LS, displayed lower diversity and narrower functional profiles. Beta diversity analysis (Bray-Curtis) showed distinct clustering according to both rearing condition and developmental stage (PERMANOVA, p < 0.01). The results underscore the pivotal role of the rearing environment in shaping the gut microbiota composition and functional potential of R. phoenicis, offering valuable perspectives for optimizing insect farming practices aimed at improving food safety, nutritional quality, and microbiome stability.

非洲棕榈象甲（Rhynchophorus phoenicis）是一种营养丰富的食用昆虫，在西非和中非广泛食用。尽管其饮食意义重大，但关于与这种昆虫相关的肠道微生物群落的信息有限，特别是关于耕作方式和发育阶段的影响。本研究研究了在野生和饲养环境中收集的腓尼基鼠幼虫期和成虫期肠道微生物群的分类和功能特征。采用PacBio Revio平台对饲养成虫（AE）、饲养幼虫（LE）、野生成虫（AS）和野生幼虫（LS） 4组进行鸟枪宏基因组测序。分类分析范围从门到种，功能注释是基于KEGG途径预测。结果表明，AE样品微生物丰富度和功能多样性最高(Shannon指数为3.2；Simpson指数达0.95)。饲养个体（AE和LE）拥有更平衡和代谢多样的微生物群落，丰富了与碳水化合物代谢，维生素生物合成和异种生物降解相关的途径。与此相反，野生个体（尤其是LS）的多样性较低，功能谱较窄。β -多样性分析（Bray-Curtis）显示，不同饲养条件和发育阶段的雏鸡具有明显的聚类性(PERMANOVA, p <；0.01)。这些结果强调了饲养环境在塑造凤凰鸡肠道微生物群组成和功能潜力方面的关键作用，为优化昆虫养殖方式以提高食品安全、营养质量和微生物群稳定性提供了有价值的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping of seed coat colors in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): A review 芝麻种皮颜色的数量性状位点定位研究进展

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100384

Diriba Shanko , Mebeaselassie Andargie

Sesame is an important oilseed crop recognized for its high oil content and superior quality, making it valuable to human consumption. The seed coat color is also an important agronomic trait affecting market value, nutritional quality, and seed physiology. Earlier studies have documented the quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with seed coat color has shown the most significant impact on the manifestation of this trait. Also, another study recognized a cross between two sesame accessions (white-seeded, P1) and (black-seeded, P2) has played a crucial role in QTL mapping within sesame. Furthermore, hybridization between parents which underwent successive self-fertilization up to the F6 generation, resulted in the identification of the genes, implicated in black pigment synthesis and the regulation of sesame seed coat color. However, there are significant gaps in the mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) associated with sesame seed coat traits. This is largely due to the inadequate understanding of genetic architecture and the identification of candidate genes responsible for color variation, especially when considering diverse genetic backgrounds and varying environmental conditions. The primary problem is that complex inheritance, low mapping resolution, environmental variability, and lack of gene validation make it hard to identify stable and functional QTLs mapping for sesame seed coat color. The study aims to conduct a comprehensive synthesis of the existing knowledge, methodologies, and findings related to the genetic mapping of sesame seed coat color, identify current gaps and propose future research paths focused on marker-assisted selection and the discovery of functional genes.

芝麻是一种重要的油料作物，其含油量高，品质优良，具有食用价值。种皮颜色也是影响市场价值、营养品质和种子生理的重要农艺性状。早期的研究表明，与种皮颜色相关的数量性状位点（qtl）对这一性状的表现影响最大。此外，另一项研究发现，两个芝麻材料（白籽，P1）和（黑籽，P2）之间的杂交在芝麻的QTL定位中发挥了至关重要的作用。此外，在F6代之前进行连续自交受精的亲本杂交，鉴定出了与黑色色素合成和芝麻种皮颜色调控有关的基因。然而，与芝麻种皮性状相关的数量性状位点（QTL）的定位还存在较大的空白。这主要是由于对遗传结构和负责颜色变化的候选基因的识别了解不足，特别是在考虑到不同的遗传背景和不同的环境条件时。主要问题是遗传复杂、定位分辨率低、环境可变性和缺乏基因验证，使得难以确定稳定和功能性的芝麻种皮颜色qtl定位。本研究旨在全面综合芝麻种皮颜色遗传定位的现有知识、方法和研究成果，确定目前的空白，并提出未来的研究方向，重点是标记辅助选择和功能基因的发现。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization of metagenomic diversity of soil sediment from Tattapani hot spring located in Chhattisgarh (India) and application of thermophilic bacteria for agrowaste decomposition 印度恰蒂斯加尔邦塔塔帕尼温泉土壤沉积物宏基因组多样性特征及嗜热细菌在农业废弃物分解中的应用

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100383

Balram Sahu , Deeppal , Kishan Kumar Raj , Vinay Kumar , Tapas Chowdhury , Ravindra Soni

The current investigation emphasizes on the characterization of bacterial diversity of the Tatapani hot spring in the Balrampur district of Chhattisgarh, India. The isolation, characterization thermophilic bacteria for waste decomposition. Using the clustered OTUs, a total of 56,142 OTUs were identified, of which 81 % were classified under the kingdom Bacteria, while 19 % were assigned to unknown species at the phylum level. Of these, 36 % of OTUs were classified as Proteobacteria and 13 % as Firmicutes. Among the genera revealed from metagenomic analysis, the most abundant was Azospirillum. Simultaneously, culture dependent study revealed several extracellular enzyme producer bacterial isolates present in the samples collected from Tatapani hot spring. Subsequently, on the basis screening results, two bacterial isolates, AMB-T-5W and AMB-T-6S, were selected for 16S rRNA gene sequencing and have similarity with genus Bacillus flexus. These isolated strains exhibited significant extracellular enzyme activities, including amylase, cellulase, lipase, protease, and xylanase. Remarkably, the isolates demonstrated the ability to produce these enzymes. The isolates were tested for the biodegradation of rice, wheat, and corn straw as decomposing agents, and growth parameters were analyzed under spinach biomass return, with and without the inclusion of the decomposition agent at varying time intervals. The findings suggest that these thermophilic bacteria and their enzymes hold considerable potential for waste decomposition and industrial applications.

目前的研究重点是印度恰蒂斯加尔邦Balrampur地区Tatapani温泉的细菌多样性特征。垃圾分解嗜热细菌的分离、表征。利用聚类otu，共鉴定出56142个otu，其中81%归属于细菌界，19%归属于门水平的未知物种。其中，36%的otu被归类为变形菌门，13%被归类为厚壁菌门。在宏基因组分析中发现的属中，数量最多的属是偶氮螺旋藻。同时，培养依赖性研究发现，从塔塔帕尼温泉采集的样品中分离出了几种胞外酶产生菌。随后，在筛选结果的基础上，筛选出与弯曲芽孢杆菌属具有相似性的AMB-T-5W和AMB-T-6S两株分离菌进行16S rRNA基因测序。这些分离菌株表现出显著的胞外酶活性，包括淀粉酶、纤维素酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶和木聚糖酶。值得注意的是，分离物显示出产生这些酶的能力。以水稻、小麦和玉米秸秆为分解剂对分离菌株进行了生物降解试验，并在不同时间间隔添加和不添加分解剂的情况下，对菠菜生物量归还条件下的生长参数进行了分析。研究结果表明，这些嗜热细菌及其酶在废物分解和工业应用方面具有相当大的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of elevated temperatures on soil enzymatic activities and bacterial and fungal community composition and diversity 高温对土壤酶活性及细菌和真菌群落组成和多样性的影响

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100382

Precious Mutambara, Kabwe Nkongolo

Most studies on effects of temperature on biota conducted in field conditions are impacted by other factors such as soil pH, organic matter, moisture and pollution. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of increasing temperatures in controlled environments on soil enzymatic activities and bacterial and fungal composition and diversity. Soil samples were incubated at three temperatures (23 °C, 30 °C, and 37 °C). Fresh (untreated/unincubated) soil samples were used as references. Activities of β-glucosidase, β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, aryl sulfatase, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, and peroxidase exhibited strong responses to temperature variations with activities peaking at 30 °C and declining at 37 °C. Bacterial and fungal communities were analyzed using the Illumina MiniSeq system. The abundance of the top five bacterial genera (with the exception of Bradyrhizobium) revealed an inverse relationship between temperature and abundance that decreases as the temperatures increase. For Fungi, Trichomas was the most dominant genus in fresh soil with 40 % of relative abundance while Umbelopsis was dominant in soils incubated at 23 °C, 30 °C, and 37 °C) with values ranging from 20 % to 34 %). Shannon diversity entropy for samples treated at 23 °C and 30 °C were identical (5.1) in fungal communities while fresh samples and those at 37 °C had values of 4.2 and 4.7, respectively. This closeness between 23 °C and 30 °C was confirmed by Principal Coordinate Analyses based on the weighted UniFrac distance matrix for both bacterial and fungal communities. Overall, the data indicate that elevated temperatures significantly alter microbial function and community composition, with specific genera responding to temperature changes.

大多数在野外条件下进行的温度对生物群影响的研究都受到土壤pH、有机质、湿度和污染等其他因素的影响。本研究的目的是研究在受控环境中温度升高对土壤酶活性、细菌和真菌组成和多样性的影响。土壤样品在23°C、30°C和37°C三个温度下孵育。新鲜（未经处理/未孵育）土壤样品作为参考。β-葡萄糖苷酶、β- n -乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶、芳基硫酸盐酶、酸性磷酸酶、碱性磷酸酶和过氧化物酶的活性对温度变化有较强的响应，在30℃时活性达到峰值，在37℃时活性下降。使用Illumina MiniSeq系统分析细菌和真菌群落。前5个细菌属（除缓生根瘤菌外）的丰度与温度呈反比关系，随温度升高而降低。在新鲜土壤中，滴虫属（Trichomas）的相对丰度为40%，而伞形opsis （Umbelopsis）在23°C、30°C和37°C的土壤中相对丰度为20% ~ 34%。在23°C和30°C处理的样品中，真菌群落的Shannon多样性熵相同（5.1），而新鲜样品和37°C处理的样品分别为4.2和4.7。基于细菌和真菌群落加权UniFrac距离矩阵的主坐标分析证实了23°C和30°C之间的这种接近性。总体而言，这些数据表明，温度升高会显著改变微生物的功能和群落组成，特定的属会对温度变化做出反应。

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