Ecological Genetics and Genomics最新文献_第4页

Divergent genetic diversity reveals contrasting demographic histories in two commercially important snappers 不同的遗传多样性揭示了两种商业上重要的鲷鱼的对比人口历史

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100414

Achmad Zamroni, Muhammad Taufik, Tri Ernawati, Erfind Nurdin, Pratiwi Lestari, Moh Fauzi

This study investigates the genetic architecture and demographic history of two commercial snapper species, Lutjanus erythropterus and Pinjalo pinjalo, in Indonesian waters to fill a knowledge gap regarding the evolutionary responses of co-distributed species within a complex marine landscape. By analyzing 450 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA control region (D-loop) sequences from 29 L. erythropterus and 26 P. pinjalo samples from five locations, this study reveals starkly different genetic patterns. The results show that L. erythropterus possesses very high genetic diversity (Hd = 0.98030; π = 0.01817) and exhibits no significant population structure (Φst = 0.00777; P > 0.05), consistent with a model of a single panmictic population that has undergone a past demographic expansion. Conversely, P. pinjalo exhibits substantially lower genetic diversity (Hd = 0,52615; π = 0,01068) and no signal of expansion, indicating a stable long-term demographic history and potential complex population dynamics. These findings conclude that these two sympatric species exhibit fundamentally different evolutionary trajectories, likely mediated by intrinsic biological differences in responding to the same historical environmental changes. The implications of these findings are highly significant for fisheries management, rejecting a "one-size-fits-all" approach and underscoring the urgent need to develop species-specific management strategies to ensure the sustainability of vital fishery resources in Indonesia.

本研究调查了印度尼西亚水域两种商业鲷鱼（Lutjanus erythropterus和Pinjalo Pinjalo）的遗传结构和人口统计学历史，以填补有关复杂海洋景观中共分布物种进化反应的知识空白。通过对来自5个地点的29只红腹龙骨和26只平加洛龙骨的450个碱基对线粒体DNA控制区（D-loop）序列的分析，揭示了截然不同的遗传模式。结果表明，L. erythropterus具有非常高的遗传多样性（Hd = 0.98030; π = 0.01817），种群结构不明显（Φst = 0.00777; P > 0.05），符合过去人口扩张的单一泛疫种群模型。相反，平加洛的遗传多样性明显较低（Hd = 0,52615; π = 0,01068），且没有扩张的迹象，表明平加洛具有稳定的长期人口历史和潜在的复杂种群动态。这些发现表明，这两个同域物种表现出根本不同的进化轨迹，可能是由于对相同历史环境变化的内在生物学差异所介导的。这些研究结果对渔业管理具有重要意义，它拒绝“一刀切”的做法，并强调迫切需要制定针对特定物种的管理战略，以确保印度尼西亚重要渔业资源的可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

An integrated index-based and multivariate approach for evaluating drought resilience in the CIMCOG wheat 基于指数和多变量综合评价CIMCOG小麦抗旱能力的方法

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100412

Mohammad Hasan Sadeghi , Rasool Asghari Zakaria , Seyed Abolghasem Mohammadi , Omid Sofalian , Saeid Aharizad

Enhancing drought resilience in wheat is critical for global food security amidst increasing climate variability. We evaluated 60 diverse CIMCOG wheat genotypes under well-watered and water-deficient conditions at two semi-arid locations in Iran, measuring yield components and physiological traits (relative water content, chlorophyll stability). A multivariate analysis of 33 drought tolerance and stability indices identified the Mean Productivity Index (MPI), Stress Tolerance Index (STI), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Mean Productivity (MP), Harmonic Mean (HM), Stress Resistance Score (SRS), and Yield Stability Index (YSI) as the most reliable metrics for selecting high-yielding, drought-adaptable genotypes. Principal component analysis (PCA) and fuzzy membership function values (MFV) validated top performers (genotypes 8, 15, 59, 33, 7, 25, 22, 19, 14, 3), which maintained productivity through sustained physiological performance. This integrated approach provides a robust framework for breeding climate-resilient wheat varieties for water-limited agroecosystems, with potential applications in semi-arid regions globally.

在气候变化日益加剧的背景下，提高小麦的抗旱能力对全球粮食安全至关重要。在伊朗两个半干旱地区，我们评估了60种不同的CIMCOG小麦基因型在丰水和缺水条件下，测量了产量组成和生理性状（相对含水量、叶绿素稳定性）。通过对33个抗旱性和稳定性指标的多变量分析，发现平均生产力指数（MPI）、抗旱性指数（STI）、几何平均生产力（GMP）、平均生产力（MP）、调和平均（HM）、抗逆性得分（SRS）和产量稳定性指数（YSI）是选择高产抗旱基因型最可靠的指标。主成分分析（PCA）和模糊隶属函数值（MFV）验证了最佳表现者（基因型8、15、59、33、7、25、22、19、14、3）通过持续的生理表现保持了生产力。这种综合方法为为水资源有限的农业生态系统培育适应气候变化的小麦品种提供了一个强有力的框架，在全球半干旱地区具有应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Soil meta-omics: Current status, challenges, and applications 土壤元组学：现状、挑战与应用

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100411

Vivek Kumar , Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal , Pramod Kumar Sahu , Rajan Chaurasia , Shraddha Kasoundhan , Ayushi Patel , Digvijay Verma

The soil is one of the most important components of Earth and provides the greatest nutrient reservoir to support the diverse groups of microbes due to its heterogeneous nature. Often, pedigree shifts of microbial communities are seen in soil samples due to the influence of biotic and abiotic factors. Apart from the soil, organic matter is the main driver of acquiring new traits as well as physiological adaptability in microbes. Therefore, it encourages us to make a clear understanding of microbes and their functions from diverse habitats of soil. As is well known, the inhabiting microbes play a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles, plant growth promotion (PGP), bioremediation, and several other interactions. However, we have limited knowledge about the hidden microbial potential that is continuously at work inside the soil system, due to a lack of precise methods for total microbe identification and functional annotation. Omics approaches alone are insufficient to reveal real-time functional information due to several limitations. However, due to the emergence of meta-omics approaches, it is now possible to unlock the complete functioning of soil. In contrast, we can explore multiple facts at a time by minimizing barriers associated with molecular soil microbiology. So far, critical analysis of soil microbes has yielded unique findings, as well as insights into microbial strength, inter- and intra-dependent mechanisms, pathways, and novel biomolecules with industrial applications. This review can provide valuable insights into soil microbial functioning and challenges.

土壤是地球最重要的组成部分之一，由于其异质性，土壤提供了最大的营养库，以支持各种微生物群。通常，由于生物和非生物因素的影响，在土壤样品中可以看到微生物群落的系谱变化。除土壤外，有机质是微生物获得新性状和生理适应性的主要驱动力。因此，它鼓励我们从不同的土壤生境中清楚地认识微生物及其功能。众所周知，居住微生物在生物地球化学循环、植物生长促进（PGP）、生物修复等多种相互作用中起着至关重要的作用。然而，由于缺乏精确的总微生物鉴定和功能注释方法，我们对土壤系统内持续工作的隐藏微生物潜力的了解有限。由于一些限制，组学方法本身不足以揭示实时功能信息。然而，由于元组学方法的出现，现在有可能解开土壤的完整功能。相比之下，我们可以通过最小化与分子土壤微生物学相关的障碍来一次探索多个事实。到目前为止，对土壤微生物的批判性分析已经产生了独特的发现，以及对微生物强度，相互和内部依赖机制，途径和具有工业应用的新型生物分子的见解。这一综述可以为土壤微生物的功能及其面临的挑战提供有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

The growth and biochemical traits including nutrient contents of fourteen commercial almond (Prunus sp.) genotypes affected by drought stress 干旱胁迫对14个商品杏仁（Prunus sp.）基因型生长及营养成分生化性状的影响

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100410

Esmaeil Safavi Bakhtiari , Mehrab Yadegari , Asghar Mousavi , Bijan Haghighati

Due to its health and economic significance, almond (Prunus sp.) is largely grown in the arid and semi-arid areas. Drought stress affecting morphological and physiological characteristics of 14 young almond genotypes, during middle- and late--growth stages, was investigated in the field. The experiments (2020 and 2021) were split plot on the basis of randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates investigating irrigation at 70 and 30 % of field moisture capacity (main factor) and 14 genotypes of almond vegetative rootstock (sub-factor) grafted on GN rootstock. Almond genotypes responses were different to drought stress. Although control treatment resulted in the highest height, stem diameter and leaf area of genotypes, drought stress significantly reduced growth of almond trees and increased leaf abscission. Considerable variations were observed among almond genotypes in terms of H₂O₂, and nutrient contents, during growing season in both years. Stressed Mamaei genotype with the least growth rate had the highest H₂O₂ content (19.99 μmol g⁻¹ FW). Plant nutrient uptake (excluding K and Fe) decreased in stressed genotypes. N content of GN genotype was the highest by control (3.54 %) and stress (2.52 %) treatments. Growth stage stress significantly affected plant growth and nutrient uptake. The highest Fe content was obtained in stressed GN genotype, and stressed Shahrood 13 and Shahrood 7 genotypes had the lowest Fe contents in both growth stages. Planting the most tolerant almond genotypes along with K fertilization may be one of the most effective methods to enhance almond growth and physiology in drought stressed conditions.

由于其健康和经济意义，杏仁（Prunus sp.）主要生长在干旱和半干旱地区。在田间研究了干旱胁迫对14个幼杏仁基因型生长中后期形态生理特性的影响。试验（2020年和2021年）采用随机完全区组设计（RCBD），采用3个重复，分别以70%和30%的田间水分灌溉（主因子）和14个基因型的杏仁营养砧木（子因子）嫁接GN砧木。杏仁基因型对干旱胁迫的响应不同。虽然对照处理的杏树株高、茎粗和叶面积最高，但干旱胁迫显著降低了杏树的生长，增加了叶片脱落。在两个年份的生长季节，杏仁基因型在H2O2和养分含量方面存在较大差异。胁迫马氏菌基因型的H2O2含量最高，为19.99 μmol g−1 FW，生长速率最低。胁迫基因型的植株养分吸收（不包括钾和铁）降低。GN基因型氮素含量以对照（3.54%）和胁迫（2.52%）处理最高。生育期胁迫对植物生长和养分吸收有显著影响。在两个生育期，胁迫GN基因型铁含量最高，胁迫Shahrood 13和Shahrood 7基因型铁含量最低。在干旱胁迫条件下，种植最耐受性最强的杏仁基因型并配以钾肥可能是促进杏仁生长和生理机能的最有效方法之一。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of microbiomes in irrigation water, soil and lettuce from community farms in the Phoenix metro area 凤凰城城区社区农场灌溉用水、土壤和生菜微生物组分析

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100409

Saul Lopez-Salas , Theresa Morales , Theodore M. Ransome , Marianne Smith , Sudipta Biswas

This research compares the bacterial profile in soil, irrigation water, and lettuce from farms located in food deserts (FD; low income and limited access to grocery stores), and non-food deserts (n-FD; high income and easier food access) in the Phoenix metropolitan area. It was hypothesized that farms from FD areas would have high coliform bacteria in soil, irrigation water, and lettuce compared to n-FD farms and appropriate controls. Serially diluted soil samples were cultured on agar plates for bacterial growth. Meanwhile, water samples were tested for coliform bacteria, nitrate, phosphate, temperature, pH levels, and were plated on petri film to identify any coliform presence. DNA extracted from lettuce, sequenced on the Illumina Nextseq2000 Sequencing System was used to create the 16S rRNA sequencing data. Soil results indicated that FD had more total coliform bacteria and high E. coli compared to n-FD and controls. Only some of the water samples from FD showed a statistically significant presence of coliform bacteria in irrigation water. The lettuce microbial profile revealed that FD had a 90% abundance of cyanobacteria and 4–8% abundance in proteobacteria like Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriales like E. coli. n-FD farms showed a predominance of facultative anaerobes from family Marinilabiliaceae and 2% abundance of Proteobacteria like Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Staphylococcus. Phylogenetic tree mapping, revealed the presence of certain pathogenic bacteria like Pseudomonas in all the samples. Further research is needed to identify the source of bacterial contamination in the soil and to develop strategies to control their spread in fresh produce.

这项研究比较了凤凰城大都市区位于食物沙漠（FD；低收入和进入杂货店的机会有限）和非食物沙漠（n-FD；高收入和更容易获得食物）的农场的土壤、灌溉水和生菜中的细菌特征。据推测，与非FD农场和适当的对照相比，FD地区的农场在土壤、灌溉水和生菜中有较高的大肠菌群。连续稀释的土壤样品在琼脂板上培养细菌生长。同时，对水样进行了大肠菌群细菌、硝酸盐、磷酸盐、温度、pH值的检测，并将水样镀在培养皿上以确定大肠菌群的存在。从生菜中提取DNA，在Illumina Nextseq2000测序系统上测序，用于创建16S rRNA测序数据。土壤结果表明，与n-FD和对照相比，FD有更多的总大肠菌群和高大肠杆菌。只有FD的部分水样显示灌溉水中大肠菌群的存在具有统计学意义。生菜微生物谱显示，FD的蓝藻菌丰度为90%，假单胞菌等变形菌和大肠杆菌等肠杆菌丰度为4-8%。n-FD养殖场显示，Marinilabiliaceae家族的兼性厌氧菌占主导地位，假单胞菌、不动杆菌和葡萄球菌等变形菌的丰度为2%。系统发育树图谱显示，所有样品中均存在假单胞菌等致病菌。需要进一步的研究来确定土壤中细菌污染的来源，并制定策略来控制它们在新鲜农产品中的传播。

{"title":"Analysis of microbiomes in irrigation water, soil and lettuce from community farms in the Phoenix metro area","authors":"Saul Lopez-Salas , Theresa Morales , Theodore M. Ransome , Marianne Smith , Sudipta Biswas","doi":"10.1016/j.egg.2025.100409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.egg.2025.100409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research compares the bacterial profile in soil, irrigation water, and lettuce from farms located in food deserts (FD; low income and limited access to grocery stores), and non-food deserts (n-FD; high income and easier food access) in the Phoenix metropolitan area. It was hypothesized that farms from FD areas would have high coliform bacteria in soil, irrigation water, and lettuce compared to n-FD farms and appropriate controls. Serially diluted soil samples were cultured on agar plates for bacterial growth. Meanwhile, water samples were tested for coliform bacteria, nitrate, phosphate, temperature, pH levels, and were plated on petri film to identify any coliform presence. DNA extracted from lettuce, sequenced on the Illumina Nextseq2000 Sequencing System was used to create the 16S rRNA sequencing data. Soil results indicated that FD had more total coliform bacteria and high <em>E. coli</em> compared to n-FD and controls. Only some of the water samples from FD showed a statistically significant presence of coliform bacteria in irrigation water. The lettuce microbial profile revealed that FD had a 90% abundance of cyanobacteria and 4–8% abundance in proteobacteria like <em>Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriales</em> like <em>E. coli</em>. n-FD farms showed a predominance of facultative anaerobes from family <em>Marinilabiliaceae</em> and 2% abundance of <em>Proteobacteria</em> like <em>Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, and Staphylococcus</em>. Phylogenetic tree mapping, revealed the presence of certain pathogenic bacteria like <em>Pseudomonas</em> in all the samples. Further research is needed to identify the source of bacterial contamination in the soil and to develop strategies to control their spread in fresh produce.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":37938,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Genetics and Genomics","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100409"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Engineering crop genomes: A review of editing tool evolution, applications, and future trajectories 工程作物基因组：编辑工具进化、应用和未来轨迹的综述

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100408

Mandakini Kabi , Suvalaxmi Palei , Snehasish Routray , Islavath Suresh Naik , Mahipal Singh Kesawat , Vidadala Rajendra , Rajneesh Kumar , Mehdi Rahimi

Crop improvement requires precise modification of genotypes to enhance their usefulness for human need that encompasses a broad range of techniques. It started with conventional plant breeding techniques like domestication, selection, hybridization breeding, mutation breeding, and passes through molecular breeding. These techniques have pros and cons in terms of their procedure, application, and outcome. Therefore, efficient desirable manipulation of genotypes can achieve through genome editing techniques that includes inactivation of target gene, replacement or addition of new gene with new function to the genome. In the recent past, emergence of new approach of genome editing enables researcher to manipulate gene. It uses artificial nucleases to modify genome rapidly which allow reverse genetics, genome engineering and targeted transgene integration in to one experiment in an efficient, precise and predictable manner. Tools used for genome editing are, programmable sequence specific nucleases which includes Mega nucleases, ZFN, TALEN and CRISPR-cas9 and base editor. Use of this genome editing tools to get desirable characters has been reported in many crops. This review paper has elaborately focused on genome editing tools and desirable modification of characters for crop improvements.

作物改良需要对基因型进行精确的修改，以提高其对人类需求的有用性，这包括广泛的技术范围。它从传统的植物育种技术开始，如驯化、选择、杂交育种、突变育种，然后通过分子育种。这些技术在程序、应用和结果方面各有利弊。因此，通过基因组编辑技术，包括靶基因的失活、在基因组中替换或添加具有新功能的新基因，可以实现对基因型的有效操纵。近年来，基因组编辑新方法的出现使研究人员能够操纵基因。它利用人工核酸酶快速修饰基因组，使反向遗传学、基因组工程和靶向转基因整合以高效、精确和可预测的方式在一次实验中实现。用于基因组编辑的工具是可编程序列特异性核酸酶，包括Mega核酸酶，ZFN， TALEN和CRISPR-cas9和碱基编辑器。利用这种基因组编辑工具获得理想的性状已在许多作物中得到报道。这篇综述文章详细介绍了基因组编辑工具和作物改良所需的性状修改。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of yield traits and essential oil yield of Istanbul oregano (Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum) genotypes across two Mediterranean environments 伊斯坦布尔牛至产量性状及挥发油产量评价。hirtum)基因型跨越两个地中海环境

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100407

Olcay Arabacı , Emine Bayram , Çiğdem Sönmez , Gülsüm Boztaş , Nazlıcan Ataman , Elif Büyükkayhan

Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum (Istanbul oregano) is a commercially valuable aromatic and medicinal plant widely used in the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries due to its high essential oil content and bioactive properties. This study evaluated the agronomic performance of 22 Istanbul oregano genotypes, including commercial varieties and selected clones, across two Mediterranean environments (Aydın and İzmir) over two years (2021–2022). Significant genotype × environment interactions were detected for plant height, fresh herb yield (FHY), drug herb yield (DHY), drug leaf yield (DLY), and essential oil yield (EOY) (p < 0.01). Average FHY ranged from 2.39 t ha⁻¹ in 2021 to 21.97 and 8.32 t ha⁻¹ in the first and second cuts of 2022, respectively. DHY increased from 0.75 to 1.01 t ha⁻¹ in 2021 to 6.50–5.81 t ha⁻¹ in 2022, while DLY peaked at 15.87 t ha⁻¹ during the first cut of 2022. Inter-annual climatic variation strongly influenced EOY. In the first cut of 2022, means reached 503.5 L ha⁻¹ in Aydın and 259.7 L ha⁻¹ in İzmir, 15- to 8-fold higher than the overall mean of 2021 (32.3 L ha⁻¹). However, summer drought and heat stress sharply reduced second cut yields, particularly in Aydın, where EOY declined by about 75 %. Genotypes such as C-417 and A-420 exhibited high plasticity and stability, while the commercial variety Tınmaz performed well only under favorable conditions. Genotypes combining stability and high yield across environments represent promising candidates for breeding and sustainable oregano production under Mediterranean climates.

土一枝亚种。伊斯坦布尔牛至是一种具有商业价值的芳香和药用植物，由于其高精油含量和生物活性特性，被广泛用于食品、制药和化妆品行业。本研究评估了22种伊斯坦布尔牛至基因型（包括商业品种和精选无性系）在两种地中海环境（Aydın和İzmir）中两年（2021-2022年）的农艺表现。株高、鲜草产量（FHY）、中药材产量（DHY）、药叶产量（DLY）和精油产量（EOY）的基因型与环境的交互作用显著（p < 0.01）。平均FHY范围从2021年的2.39 t / hm2到2022年第一次和第二次削减的21.97和8.32 t / hm2。DHY从2021年的0.75 - 1.01 t / ha - 1增加到2022年的6.50-5.81 t / ha - 1，而在2022年的第一次削减期间，DLY达到了15.87 t / ha - 1的峰值。年际气候变化强烈影响EOY。在2022年的第一次削减中，Aydın的平均值达到503.5 L ha - 1， İzmir的平均值达到259.7 L ha - 1，比2021年的总体平均值（32.3 L ha - 1）高出15至8倍。然而，夏季干旱和高温胁迫大大降低了二次减产产量，特别是Aydın， EOY下降了约75%。C-417和A-420等基因型表现出较高的可塑性和稳定性，而商品品种Tınmaz只有在有利条件下才能表现良好。在地中海气候条件下，结合稳定性和高产的基因型是培育和可持续牛至生产的有希望的候选者。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-wide identification and characterization of Dof gene family in sesame 芝麻Dof基因家族的全基因组鉴定与特征分析

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100404

Md Nahid Hasan , Khandker Shazia Afrin , A.T.M. Majharul Mannan , Tasmina Islam Simi , Md Abdur Rahim

The plant-specific TF family ‘Dof’ comprises a highly conserved ‘Dof domain’, which is the DNA binding domain with one ‘Zn²⁺’ finger. It plays a crucial role in plant responses to environmental stimuli affecting growth and development. The Dof genes have been analyzed in many plants, including Arabidopsis, but have not yet been well studied in sesame on a genome-wide scale. In the present study, we reported for the first time 32 Dof genes in sesame, which are located across 12 linkage groups (LGs). The SiDof genes comprised one to five exons and zero to four introns, which is comparable to Dof genes in other species. Of 32 SiDof genes, about 71.88 % were intronless. The SiDof genes were classified into six groups and exhibited evolutionary relationships with other species. Group III contained the highest number of SiDof genes (seven), while the lowest number was in group V (three). There was a robust protein-protein interaction between NAC071 and two Dof proteins, namely DOF5.3 and DOF5.6. Total 1668 ‘cis-regulatory elements’ were identified in the promoter of 32 SiDof genes. Among these, 733 were linked to the stress responses, 562 to the light responses, and 373 to the phytohormone response. The accessible transcriptome (‘RNA-seq’) data-based expression profiles have shown that SiDof genes might be associated with various abiotic stresses, including drought (SiDof1) and salinity (SiDof32) in sesame. Nonetheless, further investigation on the functionality analysis of candidate SiDof genes is required.

植物特异性TF家族‘ Dof ’包含一个高度保守的‘ Dof结构域’，这是一个‘ Zn2+ ’指的DNA结合结构域。它在植物对影响生长发育的环境刺激的响应中起着至关重要的作用。Dof基因已经在包括拟南芥在内的许多植物中进行了分析，但尚未在全基因组范围内对芝麻进行了很好的研究。在本研究中，我们首次报道了芝麻中32个Dof基因，这些基因分布在12个连锁群（LGs）中。SiDof基因由1 ~ 5个外显子和0 ~ 4个内含子组成，这与其他物种的Dof基因相似。32个SiDof基因中，约71.88%为无内含子基因。SiDof基因被划分为6类，并显示出与其他物种的进化关系。ⅲ组SiDof基因数量最多（7个），V组最少（3个）。NAC071与DOF5.3和DOF5.6两种Dof蛋白之间存在较强的蛋白相互作用。在32个SiDof基因的启动子中共鉴定出1668个顺式调控元件。其中，733个与应激反应有关，562个与光照反应有关，373个与植物激素反应有关。基于转录组（' RNA-seq '）数据的表达谱显示，SiDof基因可能与芝麻中的干旱（SiDof1）和盐度（SiDof32）等多种非生物胁迫有关。尽管如此，候选SiDof基因的功能分析仍需进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Morphogenesis modulation of Rhizopus oryzae by peptone enhances lipase production during submerged fermentation 蛋白胨对米根霉形态发生的调节促进了深层发酵过程中脂肪酶的产生

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100406

Ayda Torchi

Lipases are industrially important enzymes with broad applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and biofuels. However, their large-scale production remains challenging. This study aimed to enhance lipase productivity by modulating Rhizopus oryzae morphogenesis through the supplementation of different peptone sources under submerged fermentation. Distinct cellular macromorphologies was found to strongly influence growth performance and lipase productivity. Lipase production was enhanced six –fold compared to previous studies, with a maximum of 492 IU/mL recorded after 76h. Subsequent molecular analysis underscored the crucial role of key regulatory proteins in understanding the production systems of R.oryzae and how its metabolism adapts to various nitrogen sources. These findings offer a promising approach to employ innovative morphological engineering techniques to precisely adjust the morphological development of industrially relevant fungi.

脂肪酶是工业上重要的酶，在食品、制药和生物燃料中有着广泛的应用。然而，它们的大规模生产仍然具有挑战性。本研究旨在通过在深层发酵条件下添加不同蛋白胨源，调节米根霉的形态发生，从而提高其脂肪酶产量。发现不同的细胞大形态强烈影响生长性能和脂肪酶产量。与之前的研究相比，脂肪酶的产量提高了6倍，76h后最高达到492 IU/mL。随后的分子分析强调了关键调节蛋白在理解r.m oryzae生产系统及其代谢如何适应各种氮源方面的关键作用。这些发现为采用创新的形态工程技术来精确调整工业相关真菌的形态发展提供了一种有希望的方法。

引用次数: 0

Growth and antioxidant enzymes responses of Aegilops tauschii ecotypes to drought stress: Identifying tolerant genotypes 黄颡鱼生态型对干旱胁迫的生长和抗氧化酶响应：耐受性基因型的鉴定

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100405

Elnaz Nozari , Rasool Asghari-Zakaria , Nasser Zare , Parisa Sheikhzadeh

Drought is a significant environmental challenge that restricts crop growth and development. Aegilops tauschii, the source of the DD genome (2n = 2x = 14), is an important genetic resource for enhancing drought tolerance in wheat. This study investigated 15 native ecotypes of Ae. tauschii under three levels of water availability: non-stress (100 % field capacity), moderate stress (60 % FC), and severe stress (30 % FC). We evaluated various traits, including shoot dry weight (SDW), tiller number (TN), plant length (PL), dry root weight (DRW), and root volume (RV), along with activities of peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) to assess drought tolerance. Significant variability in drought responses was observed; growth metrics declined under water stress, especially during severe conditions. POD and PPO activities increased notably during drought, indicating differences between control and stressed plants. Based on Membership Function Value (MFV), the ecotype E6 showed the highest drought tolerance (MFV >0.83), and E8 placed in second order (MFV >0.70), while E1, E3, and E12 were the most drought-sensitive (MFV <0.30). Other ecotypes exhibited moderate to varying levels of tolerance. Based on the heatmap and cluster analysis, the 15 Ae. tauschii ecotypes were grouped into four main clusters according to their responses to drought stress. These results highlight E6 and E8 as promising candidates for improving drought tolerance in wheat, due to their stable growth, high antioxidant enzyme activity, and consistent ranking across both MFV and clustering analyses.

干旱是制约作物生长发育的重大环境挑战。作为DD基因组（2n = 2x = 14）的来源，陶氏Aegilops tauschii是提高小麦抗旱性的重要遗传资源。本研究调查了15个本地生态型伊蚊。tauschii在三个水可用性水平下：非胁迫（100%田间容量），中等胁迫（60% FC）和严重胁迫（30% FC）。通过对茎部干重（SDW）、分蘖数（TN）、株长（PL）、干根重（DRW）、根体积（RV）、过氧化物酶（POD）和多酚氧化酶（PPO）活性等性状的评价来评价植物的抗旱性。观察到干旱反应的显著变化；生长指标在水分胁迫下下降，特别是在恶劣条件下。POD和PPO活性在干旱期间显著升高，表明对照和胁迫植株之间存在差异。隶属函数值（Membership Function Value， MFV）显示，E6的耐旱性最高（MFV >0.83）， E8次之（MFV >0.70）， E1、E3和E12对干旱最敏感（MFV <0.30）。其他生态型表现出中等到不同程度的耐受性。基于热图和聚类分析，15个Ae。根据不同生态型对干旱胁迫的响应，将黄家菜生态型划分为4个主要类群。这些结果表明，由于E6和E8生长稳定，抗氧化酶活性高，并且在MFV和聚类分析中排名一致，因此它们是提高小麦耐旱性的有希望的候选者。

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