Ecological Genetics and Genomics最新文献_第4页

Soybean genotype performance and seasonal stability in relay cropping with chili on coastal sandy soils 沿海沙土上辣椒轮作大豆基因型性能及季节稳定性

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100420

Rohimah H.S. Lestari , Endang Sulistyaningsih , Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra , Benito Heru Purwanto

Soybean production in Indonesia is constrained by land competition, yet coastal sandy soils planted with high-value chili offer a niche for soybean via relay cropping. We evaluated five varieties (Anjasmoro, Dena 1, Demas 1, Malika, Grobogan) in an irrigated soybean–chili relay at Samas, Indonesia, across two seasons in 2023 (CS1: January–May; CS2: July–October) using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and genotype-by-environment (GGE) biplots assessed genotype × environment interaction (GEI), and a Random Forest model with permutation importance identified agronomic predictors of seed weight per plant (SWP). Results showed that ANOVA detected significant GEI for SWP and several traits, and GGE grouped varieties as: (1) high-to-moderate yield with stability (Anjasmoro, Dena 1), (2) high yield with lower stability (Malika, Demas 1), and (3) low yield with relative stability (Grobogan). Random Forest ranked predictors as plant height >100-seed weight > pods per plant > seeds per plant > leaf area, indicating that canopy architecture and seed mass, supported by number components, underpin performance. Under the tested irrigated coastal-sand conditions (CS1–CS2 at one site-year), Anjasmoro was the most promising, whereas Dena 1 exhibited the greatest stability at moderate yield; broader recommendations require multi-location, multi-year validation.

印度尼西亚的大豆生产受到土地竞争的限制，但种植高价值辣椒的沿海沙质土壤通过转种为大豆提供了一个生态位。我们在印度尼西亚Samas的一个灌溉大豆-辣椒relay中评估了5个品种（Anjasmoro、Dena 1、Demas 1、Malika、Grobogan），时间跨度为2023年的两个季节（CS1: 1 - 5月；CS2: 7 - 10月），采用随机完全区组设计，有3个重复。方差分析（ANOVA）和基因型-环境（GGE）双图评估基因型-环境相互作用（GEI），随机森林排列重要性模型确定每株种子重（SWP）的农艺预测因子。结果表明，单因素方差分析（ANOVA）检测到SWP和几个性状的显著GEI， GGE将品种分为：(1)高产中稳产（Anjasmoro, Dena 1），(2)高产低稳产（Malika, Demas 1）和(3)低产相对稳定（Grobogan）。随机森林将预测因子排序为株高>；100粒重>；每株荚果>；每株种子>；叶面积，表明树冠结构和种子质量在数量成分的支持下支撑着表现。在岸沙灌溉试验条件下（CS1-CS2，一个站点年），Anjasmoro最具潜力，而Dena 1在中等产量下表现出最大的稳定性；更广泛的建议需要多地点、多年的验证。

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引用次数: 0

Study on population genetic diversity and variation of Calamus poilanei Conrard in the Southern Central Highlands, Vietnam 越南中部高地南部蒲菖蒲种群遗传多样性及变异研究

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100419

Pham Trong Nhan , Le Hong En , Nguyen Van Ket , Le Ngoc Trieu

The genetic diversity and variation of two Calamus poilanei populations in the Southern Central Highlands, Vietnam, were comparatively assessed using three different DNA fingerprinting techniques: Start Codon Targeted Polymorphism (SCoT), Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR), and CAAT Box-Derived Polymorphism (CBDP).

Combined data revealed that the genetic diversity of the Cat Tien population was characterized by expected heterozygosity (H_e) = 0.2498, Shannon index (I) = 0.3772, and the proportion of polymorphic bands (PPB) = 78.47 %. The Dak R'Lap population showed slightly higher values: H_e = 0.2529, I = 0.3826, and PPB = 82.3 %. At the metapopulation level, H_e = 0.2611, I = 0.3998, and PPB = 92.34 %. Pairwise genetic similarity coefficients between individuals (SCs) ranged from 0.536 to 0.933 (average = 0.755) in the Cat Tien population, from 0.565 to 0.914 (average = 0.770) in the Dak R'Lap population, and from 0.512 to 0.933 (average = 0.755) for the metapopulation. Gene flow between populations (N_m) was high (12.88), leading to low genetic differentiation (G_ST = 0.0374) and genetic distance (D = 0.0264). The majority of total genetic variation occurred within populations (94 %), with only 6 % among populations.

Although the three techniques showed no consistent correlation in estimating H_e, I, or PPB, they showed agreement in estimating N_m, G_ST, and D. Among them, SCoT was the most effective in this study, considering its overall utility.

These findings contribute to conservation planning for Calamus poilanei and provide orientation for future studies on related species.

采用起始密码子靶向多态性（SCoT）、间简单序列重复（ISSR）和CAAT盒源多态性（CBDP） 3种不同的DNA指纹图谱技术，对越南中南部高原2个菖蒲居群的遗传多样性和变异进行了比较分析。综合数据表明，猫天群体遗传多样性的预期杂合度（He） = 0.2498，Shannon指数(I) = 0.3772，多态性频带比例（PPB） = 78.47 %。Dak R’lap种群值稍高，He = 0.2529,I = 0.3826,PPB = 82.3 %。在元种群水平上，He = 0.2611,I = 0.3998,PPB = 92.34 %。个体（SCs）间的成对遗传相似系数在猫田群体中为0.536 ~ 0.933（平均 = 0.755），在达克·R·拉普群体中为0.565 ~ 0.914（平均 = 0.770），在元群体中为0.512 ~ 0.933（平均 = 0.755）。群体间基因流（Nm）高（12.88），导致遗传分化程度低（GST = 0.0374），遗传距离低（D = 0.0264）。大部分遗传变异发生在群体内（94 %），群体间仅6 %。虽然这三种技术在估计He、I或PPB方面没有一致的相关性，但它们在估计Nm、GST和d方面表现一致。其中，考虑到其整体效用，SCoT在本研究中是最有效的。这些发现有助于制定菖蒲的保护规划，并为今后对其近缘种的研究提供方向。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring druggable and virulent proteins in Streptococcus oralis (COL85/1862) through computational subtractive proteomics approach 通过计算减法蛋白质组学方法探索口腔链球菌（COL85/1862）的药物和毒力蛋白

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100418

Shabeena Banu M S , Sherlin Rosita A , Jebastin T , Jay Shree M , Shivani J , Thajuddin N , Nargis Begum T

The opportunistic pathogen Streptococcus oralis (COL85/1862) (S. oralis) is responsible for several illnesses, such as Infective Endocarditis and Bacteremia. The raising bacterial resistance demands innovative therapeutic strategies that selectively target essential bacterial proteins. The present study adopted a subtractive proteomics approach to identify substantial drug targets in S. oralis. The complete proteome of S. oralis was retrieved from the UniProtKB database, and a series of computational filtering steps was conducted to identify non-homologous proteins, essential proteins, and novel druggable proteins using bioinformatics tools such as BLASTp, Database of Essential Genes (DEG) and Cytoscape to determine druggable targets. Initially, to discover non-homologous proteins, the proteome was first compared to the human host using BLASTp. Out of the 1816 total proteins, 1543 were specific to bacteria. Subsequently, screening using the Database of Essential Genes (DEG) identified 399 key proteins necessary for bacterial viability. Subcellular localization analysis using the PSORTb v3.0 web server identified proteins exclusively associated with the cytoplasm and cytoplasmic membrane. Druggability assessment revealed 216 proteins with druggable domains. Among them, 10 hub proteins were identified through Cytoscape's Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network analysis, underscoring their importance in bacterial function and survival. VirulentPred 2.0 was used to assess the virulence of these proteins and identified two crucial proteins involved in S. oralis virulence. These final virulent proteins, which are primarily ribosomal, were structurally modelled and subjected to molecular docking with known antibiotics. This subtractive proteomics pipeline successfully identified potential therapeutic targets, aiding in the development of potential antibacterial agents against S. oralis.

机会致病菌口腔链球菌（COL85/1862）（S. oralis）可导致多种疾病，如感染性心内膜炎和菌血症。细菌耐药性的提高需要创新的治疗策略，选择性地靶向必需的细菌蛋白质。本研究采用减法蛋白质组学方法来鉴定口腔链球菌的实质性药物靶点。从UniProtKB数据库中检索口腔链球菌的完整蛋白质组，利用BLASTp、database of essential Genes （DEG）和Cytoscape等生物信息学工具进行一系列计算过滤步骤，鉴定非同源蛋白、必需蛋白和新型可药物蛋白，确定可药物靶点。最初，为了发现非同源蛋白，首先使用BLASTp将蛋白质组与人类宿主进行比较。在总共1816种蛋白质中，1543种是针对细菌的。随后，使用必要基因数据库（DEG）进行筛选，鉴定出399种细菌生存所必需的关键蛋白。使用PSORTb v3.0 web服务器进行亚细胞定位分析，鉴定出与细胞质和细胞质膜相关的蛋白质。药理评价发现216个蛋白具有药理结构域。其中，通过Cytoscape的蛋白-蛋白相互作用（PPI）网络分析鉴定出10个枢纽蛋白，强调了它们在细菌功能和生存中的重要性。VirulentPred 2.0用于评估这些蛋白的毒力，并鉴定了两个与口腔链球菌毒力有关的关键蛋白。这些主要是核糖体的最终毒性蛋白在结构上进行了建模，并与已知抗生素进行了分子对接。这种减法蛋白质组学方法成功地鉴定了潜在的治疗靶点，有助于开发针对口腔链球菌的潜在抗菌药物。

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引用次数: 0

Assessment of early morphological traits and molecular characters of Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC. (winged bean) using ISSR and SCoT markers 四爪蟾（Psophocarpus tetragonolobus）早期形态特征和分子特征的评价直流。使用ISSR和SCoT标记

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100416

Odunayo Joseph Olawuyi , Hiqmoh Adekilekun Mutiu , Omolara Ifeoluwa Akinyoola , Opeyemi Muideen Mudasiru , Joshua Oluremi Odedeji , Abiodun Abeeb Azeez

Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (Winged bean) is an underutilized legume with significant economic potential but is constrained by a prolonged maturation period. This study aimed to identify early maturing accessions using qualitative and quantitative traits, and molecular markers (ISSR and SCoT) in a randomized complete block design. Vegetative and yield characters including leaf shape, corolla colour, pod formation, plant height, leaf length and stem diameter, varied significantly among accessions, with TPt-6 exhibiting the highest plant height (71.96 cm) and TPt-11 showing the largest stem diameter (1.9 cm). Accessions TPt-19, TPt-6 and TPt-125 exhibited early flowering at 41, 42, and 45 days after planting, respectively, while TPt-6 and TPt-11 showed early pod formation at 54 and 58 days, respectively. Among the three ISSR and SCoT markers tested, UBC-811 (ISSR) and SCoT-3 (SCoT) exhibited the highest polymorphic information content (69.75 %) and gene diversity (0.75), indicating their effectiveness in detecting genetic variation. The accessions were grouped into two major clusters A and B, with TPt-19 and TPt-9 forming a subclade within Cluster B which suggests genetic distinctiveness. These findings highlight TPt-6, TPt-11, TPt-19 and TPt-125 as promising candidates for breeding programs focused on improving early maturity in winged bean.

翼豆（Psophocarpus tetragonolobus）是一种未被充分利用的豆科植物，具有显著的经济潜力，但受长时间成熟期的限制。本研究旨在采用完全随机区组设计，利用定性和定量性状以及分子标记（ISSR和SCoT）鉴定早熟品种。叶片形状、花冠颜色、荚果形成、株高、叶长、茎粗等营养性状和产量性状在不同品种间差异显著，其中TPt-6株高最高（71.96 cm）， TPt-11茎粗最大（1.9 cm）。TPt-19、TPt-6和TPt-125分别在种植后第41、42和45天开花早，TPt-6和TPt-11分别在种植后第54和58天结荚早。在3个ISSR和SCoT标记中，UBC-811 （ISSR）和SCoT-3 （SCoT）表现出最高的多态性信息含量（69.75%）和基因多样性（0.75），表明其检测遗传变异的有效性。TPt-19和TPt-9在聚类B中形成一个亚枝，显示了遗传的独特性。这些发现强调了TPt-6、TPt-11、TPt-19和TPt-125是有前途的候选育种项目，重点是提高有翼豆的早熟性。

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引用次数: 0

Chlorophyll dynamics and stress tolerance assessment of yard-long bean genotypes in response to shading conditions 遮荫条件下长豆基因型叶绿素动态及抗逆性评价

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100417

Fajrin Pramana Putra, Florentina Kusmiyati, Syaiful Anwar, Muhamad Ghazi Agam Sas

Yard-long bean (Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis) is an important horticultural crop valued for its protein, fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Vegetable agroforestry (VAF), which integrates vegetable cultivation within tree-based systems, offers a sustainable farming strategy but requires genotypes tolerant to shading. This study evaluated physiological traits and stress tolerance indices of seven yard-long bean genotypes under contrasting shading conditions. We hypothesized that chlorophyll dynamics (total content and a/b ratio), carotenoid levels, and nitrate reductase activity would correlate with shade tolerance indices, enabling the identification of genotypes adapted to low-light environments. Physiological assessments showed that total chlorophyll content was generally higher under moderate shading (S1), while the chlorophyll a/b ratio decreased under intense shading (S2), reflecting an increase in chlorophyll-b to enhance light harvesting. Carotenoid responses were genotype-specific, with some genotypes showing higher accumulation under full sunlight, suggesting a role in photoprotection and antioxidant defense. Nitrate reductase activity, influenced by light intensity, indicated variation in nitrogen assimilation and stress resilience. Stress tolerance indices, including Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Relative Production (RP), Tolerance Value (TOL), and Stress Tolerance Index (STI), classified genotypic performance under shading. KP-6796-3-4-10 and KP-6796-3-4-7 exhibited the highest GMP and stable yields, while KP-6718-1-1-10 and KP-6796-3-4-7 demonstrated shade tolerance based on RP and STI. Integration of physiological traits with yield-based indices highlighted genotypes with favorable pigment composition and metabolic responses. These results suggest that specific yard-long bean genotypes possess adaptive traits suitable for shaded or intercropped environments, offering insights for agroforestry-oriented breeding programs.

码长豆（Vigna unguiculata subsp.）倍足是一种重要的园艺作物，它富含蛋白质、纤维、维生素和矿物质。蔬菜农林业（VAF）将蔬菜种植整合到基于树木的系统中，提供了一种可持续的农业战略，但需要耐受遮阳的基因型。研究了不同遮荫条件下7种基因型大豆的生理性状和抗逆性指标。我们假设叶绿素动态（总含量和a/b比）、类胡萝卜素水平和硝酸盐还原酶活性与耐荫性指标相关，从而鉴定出适应弱光环境的基因型。生理评价结果表明，中等遮荫条件下叶绿素总含量总体较高（S1），而强遮荫条件下叶绿素a/b比值降低（S2），反映了叶绿素b的增加以增强光收获。类胡萝卜素的响应具有基因型特异性，某些基因型在充分光照下积累量更高，提示其具有光保护和抗氧化防御作用。硝态氮还原酶活性受光照强度的影响，反映了氮素同化和胁迫恢复能力的变化。通过几何平均生产力（GMP）、相对产量（RP）、耐受性值（TOL）和耐压指数（STI）等指标对遮荫条件下的抗逆性进行了分类。KP-6796-3-4-10和KP-6796-3-4-7表现出最高的GMP和稳定的产量，而KP-6718-1-1-10和KP-6796-3-4-7表现出基于RP和STI的耐荫性。将生理性状与产量指标相结合，突出具有良好色素组成和代谢反应的基因型。这些结果表明，特定的码长豆基因型具有适合遮荫或间作环境的适应性性状，为农林业育种计划提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular characterization and antibiogram profiling of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from clinical-environmental interface 临床-环境界面分离的高致病性肺炎克雷伯菌的分子特征和抗生素谱分析

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100413

Prisweta Bhattacharjee , Rajkumari Elizabeth , Sayani Roy , Anupam Das Talukdar , Manabendra Dutta Choudhury , Amitabha Bhattacharjee

This study investigates the prevalence, virulence gene profile, and antibiotic resistance of hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) strains isolated from drainage water near healthcare facilities in Southern Assam. A total of 32 K. pneumoniae isolates were identified, with 19 carrying virulence genes out of which 13 isolates carrying multiple virulence genes, including those responsible for iron acquisition and siderophore biosynthesis. Antibiogram profiling revealed high resistance rates, particularly to norfloxacin (78.94 %), followed by ampicillin (73.68 %) and ciprofloxacin (68.42 %), while imipenem and meropenem retained higher effectiveness, despite some isolates showing resistance. These findings highlight the clinical-environmental reservoirs of multidrug-resistant, hypervirulent K. pneumoniae strains, posing significant challenges for infection control and treatment in healthcare settings.

本研究调查了从阿萨姆邦南部医疗设施附近的排水中分离出的高毒力肺炎克雷伯菌（hvKp）菌株的流行率、毒力基因谱和抗生素耐药性。共鉴定出32株肺炎克雷伯菌，其中19株携带毒力基因，其中13株携带多毒力基因，包括负责铁获取和铁载体生物合成的毒力基因。抗生素谱分析显示高耐药率，特别是对诺氟沙星（78.94%），其次是氨苄西林（73.68%）和环丙沙星（68.42%），而亚胺培南和美罗培南保持较高的有效性，尽管一些分离株表现出耐药性。这些发现突出了多药耐药、高毒力肺炎克雷伯菌菌株的临床环境储存库，对卫生保健机构的感染控制和治疗提出了重大挑战。

引用次数: 0

Stability analysis of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) genotypes in the savannas of Nigeria using multi-traits stability index 利用多性状稳定性指数分析尼日利亚热带稀树草原芝麻基因型的稳定性

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100415

A.S. Shaibu, U. Abduljalil, A.B. Yakubu

Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an important oil seed crop mainly grown for its edible seeds. However, several production constraints have limited the yield per unit area in Nigeria among which includes the identification of suitable and stable varieties. To identify high-yielding and stable sesame genotypes for the Nigerian savannas, this study evaluated 15 genotypes across four locations during the 2024 wet season. The objective was to assess stability using parametric, non-parametric, and multi-trait stability index (MTSI) models. Field trials were conducted in a randomized complete block design, and data on key agronomic traits were subjected to combined analysis of variance and AMMI models. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes (G), environments (E) and G × E interaction for all the traits studied, except for the effect of E and GEI on number of capsules per plant. NCRIBEN02M had the highest grain yield (447.76 kg/ha) followed by NCRIBEN04E (424.08 kg/ha). The AMMI ANOVA showed significant (p < 0.01) effects of environment, genotype and GEI on sesame yield. While parametric and AMMI analyses identified NCRIBEN02M as the most stable genotype, the MTSI, which considers multiple traits, ranked Kangarawa as the most ideal. The study recommends NCRIBEN02M for its high yield and broad stability, and Kangarawa for multi-trait stability.

芝麻（Sesamum indicum L.）是一种重要的油料作物，主要因其种子可食用而种植。然而，一些生产限制限制了尼日利亚的单位面积产量，其中包括确定合适和稳定的品种。为了确定尼日利亚稀树草原高产稳定的芝麻基因型，本研究评估了2024年雨季四个地点的15个基因型。目的是使用参数、非参数和多性状稳定性指数（MTSI）模型评估稳定性。田间试验采用随机完全区组设计，关键农艺性状数据采用方差分析和AMMI模型联合分析。除E和GEI对单株蒴果数的影响外，其余性状的基因型(G)、环境(E)和G × E互作均存在显著差异。NCRIBEN02M籽粒产量最高（447.76 kg/ha），其次是NCRIBEN04E （424.08 kg/ha）。AMMI方差分析显示，环境、基因型和GEI对芝麻产量影响显著（p < 0.01）。虽然参数分析和AMMI分析确定NCRIBEN02M是最稳定的基因型，但考虑多种性状的MTSI将袋鼠列为最理想的基因型。该研究推荐NCRIBEN02M高产且广泛稳定，而Kangarawa具有多性状稳定性。

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引用次数: 0

Divergent genetic diversity reveals contrasting demographic histories in two commercially important snappers 不同的遗传多样性揭示了两种商业上重要的鲷鱼的对比人口历史

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100414

Achmad Zamroni, Muhammad Taufik, Tri Ernawati, Erfind Nurdin, Pratiwi Lestari, Moh Fauzi

This study investigates the genetic architecture and demographic history of two commercial snapper species, Lutjanus erythropterus and Pinjalo pinjalo, in Indonesian waters to fill a knowledge gap regarding the evolutionary responses of co-distributed species within a complex marine landscape. By analyzing 450 base pairs of mitochondrial DNA control region (D-loop) sequences from 29 L. erythropterus and 26 P. pinjalo samples from five locations, this study reveals starkly different genetic patterns. The results show that L. erythropterus possesses very high genetic diversity (Hd = 0.98030; π = 0.01817) and exhibits no significant population structure (Φst = 0.00777; P > 0.05), consistent with a model of a single panmictic population that has undergone a past demographic expansion. Conversely, P. pinjalo exhibits substantially lower genetic diversity (Hd = 0,52615; π = 0,01068) and no signal of expansion, indicating a stable long-term demographic history and potential complex population dynamics. These findings conclude that these two sympatric species exhibit fundamentally different evolutionary trajectories, likely mediated by intrinsic biological differences in responding to the same historical environmental changes. The implications of these findings are highly significant for fisheries management, rejecting a "one-size-fits-all" approach and underscoring the urgent need to develop species-specific management strategies to ensure the sustainability of vital fishery resources in Indonesia.

本研究调查了印度尼西亚水域两种商业鲷鱼（Lutjanus erythropterus和Pinjalo Pinjalo）的遗传结构和人口统计学历史，以填补有关复杂海洋景观中共分布物种进化反应的知识空白。通过对来自5个地点的29只红腹龙骨和26只平加洛龙骨的450个碱基对线粒体DNA控制区（D-loop）序列的分析，揭示了截然不同的遗传模式。结果表明，L. erythropterus具有非常高的遗传多样性（Hd = 0.98030; π = 0.01817），种群结构不明显（Φst = 0.00777; P > 0.05），符合过去人口扩张的单一泛疫种群模型。相反，平加洛的遗传多样性明显较低（Hd = 0,52615; π = 0,01068），且没有扩张的迹象，表明平加洛具有稳定的长期人口历史和潜在的复杂种群动态。这些发现表明，这两个同域物种表现出根本不同的进化轨迹，可能是由于对相同历史环境变化的内在生物学差异所介导的。这些研究结果对渔业管理具有重要意义，它拒绝“一刀切”的做法，并强调迫切需要制定针对特定物种的管理战略，以确保印度尼西亚重要渔业资源的可持续性。

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引用次数: 0

An integrated index-based and multivariate approach for evaluating drought resilience in the CIMCOG wheat 基于指数和多变量综合评价CIMCOG小麦抗旱能力的方法

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100412

Mohammad Hasan Sadeghi , Rasool Asghari Zakaria , Seyed Abolghasem Mohammadi , Omid Sofalian , Saeid Aharizad

Enhancing drought resilience in wheat is critical for global food security amidst increasing climate variability. We evaluated 60 diverse CIMCOG wheat genotypes under well-watered and water-deficient conditions at two semi-arid locations in Iran, measuring yield components and physiological traits (relative water content, chlorophyll stability). A multivariate analysis of 33 drought tolerance and stability indices identified the Mean Productivity Index (MPI), Stress Tolerance Index (STI), Geometric Mean Productivity (GMP), Mean Productivity (MP), Harmonic Mean (HM), Stress Resistance Score (SRS), and Yield Stability Index (YSI) as the most reliable metrics for selecting high-yielding, drought-adaptable genotypes. Principal component analysis (PCA) and fuzzy membership function values (MFV) validated top performers (genotypes 8, 15, 59, 33, 7, 25, 22, 19, 14, 3), which maintained productivity through sustained physiological performance. This integrated approach provides a robust framework for breeding climate-resilient wheat varieties for water-limited agroecosystems, with potential applications in semi-arid regions globally.

在气候变化日益加剧的背景下，提高小麦的抗旱能力对全球粮食安全至关重要。在伊朗两个半干旱地区，我们评估了60种不同的CIMCOG小麦基因型在丰水和缺水条件下，测量了产量组成和生理性状（相对含水量、叶绿素稳定性）。通过对33个抗旱性和稳定性指标的多变量分析，发现平均生产力指数（MPI）、抗旱性指数（STI）、几何平均生产力（GMP）、平均生产力（MP）、调和平均（HM）、抗逆性得分（SRS）和产量稳定性指数（YSI）是选择高产抗旱基因型最可靠的指标。主成分分析（PCA）和模糊隶属函数值（MFV）验证了最佳表现者（基因型8、15、59、33、7、25、22、19、14、3）通过持续的生理表现保持了生产力。这种综合方法为为水资源有限的农业生态系统培育适应气候变化的小麦品种提供了一个强有力的框架，在全球半干旱地区具有应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Soil meta-omics: Current status, challenges, and applications 土壤元组学：现状、挑战与应用

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Ecological Genetics and Genomics

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.egg.2025.100411

Vivek Kumar , Durgesh Kumar Jaiswal , Pramod Kumar Sahu , Rajan Chaurasia , Shraddha Kasoundhan , Ayushi Patel , Digvijay Verma

The soil is one of the most important components of Earth and provides the greatest nutrient reservoir to support the diverse groups of microbes due to its heterogeneous nature. Often, pedigree shifts of microbial communities are seen in soil samples due to the influence of biotic and abiotic factors. Apart from the soil, organic matter is the main driver of acquiring new traits as well as physiological adaptability in microbes. Therefore, it encourages us to make a clear understanding of microbes and their functions from diverse habitats of soil. As is well known, the inhabiting microbes play a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles, plant growth promotion (PGP), bioremediation, and several other interactions. However, we have limited knowledge about the hidden microbial potential that is continuously at work inside the soil system, due to a lack of precise methods for total microbe identification and functional annotation. Omics approaches alone are insufficient to reveal real-time functional information due to several limitations. However, due to the emergence of meta-omics approaches, it is now possible to unlock the complete functioning of soil. In contrast, we can explore multiple facts at a time by minimizing barriers associated with molecular soil microbiology. So far, critical analysis of soil microbes has yielded unique findings, as well as insights into microbial strength, inter- and intra-dependent mechanisms, pathways, and novel biomolecules with industrial applications. This review can provide valuable insights into soil microbial functioning and challenges.

土壤是地球最重要的组成部分之一，由于其异质性，土壤提供了最大的营养库，以支持各种微生物群。通常，由于生物和非生物因素的影响，在土壤样品中可以看到微生物群落的系谱变化。除土壤外，有机质是微生物获得新性状和生理适应性的主要驱动力。因此，它鼓励我们从不同的土壤生境中清楚地认识微生物及其功能。众所周知，居住微生物在生物地球化学循环、植物生长促进（PGP）、生物修复等多种相互作用中起着至关重要的作用。然而，由于缺乏精确的总微生物鉴定和功能注释方法，我们对土壤系统内持续工作的隐藏微生物潜力的了解有限。由于一些限制，组学方法本身不足以揭示实时功能信息。然而，由于元组学方法的出现，现在有可能解开土壤的完整功能。相比之下，我们可以通过最小化与分子土壤微生物学相关的障碍来一次探索多个事实。到目前为止，对土壤微生物的批判性分析已经产生了独特的发现，以及对微生物强度，相互和内部依赖机制，途径和具有工业应用的新型生物分子的见解。这一综述可以为土壤微生物的功能及其面临的挑战提供有价值的见解。

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