Current Plant Biology最新文献

{"title":"Preliminary phytotoxicological screening of personal protective equipment leachates: Species-specific root growth responses in early plant stages","authors":"Enikő Mészáros ,&nbsp;Márton Szabó ,&nbsp;Kamilla Kovács ,&nbsp;Etelka Kovács ,&nbsp;Klaudia Hoffmann ,&nbsp;Katalin Perei ,&nbsp;Attila Bodor ,&nbsp;Gábor Feigl","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100516","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During the COVID-19 pandemic, the widespread use of single-use personal protective equipment (PPE), such as masks and gloves, led to their increasing appearance in natural environments. These items continue to be detected in plastic pollution surveys, raising concerns about their ecological impacts, as PPE waste can release smaller plastic fragments and hazardous compounds during degradation. This study examines the effects of polypropylene mask, latex, and nitrile glove leachates on early root development in 12 species of crops, including legumes, crucifers, monocots, and other dicots. Leachates were chemically characterized using humification indices and plastic aging was assessed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results revealed species-specific phytotoxic responses. Crimson clover showed strong sensitivity to all leachates, with reduced germination, germination index, and root elongation. Among the crucifers, radish was inhibited, while white mustard and cress exhibited root stimulation under certain treatments. Buckwheat showed high sensitivity to latex leachates, while flax showed variable responses. Monocots generally tolerated PPE leachates, rice showed minimal response, and sorghum showed growth stimulation. These differences probably reflect species-specific physiological traits and the composition of the leachates. The use of multiple plant species also highlights contrasting sensitivity profiles that are not apparent in single-species tests. This preliminary screening demonstrates that PPE-derived leachates can alter early plant development in a species-dependent manner. The findings underscore the ecological risks posed by PPE waste and support the need for further studies on the environmental impact of pandemic-related plastic pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100516"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plant-microbiome responses under drought stress and their metabolite-mediated interactions towards enhanced crop resilience","authors":"Aditya Sharma ,&nbsp;Nandita Das ,&nbsp;Piyush Pandey ,&nbsp;Pratyoosh Shukla","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impacts of climate change are felt worldwide; however, drought stress poses significant challenges to global agriculture, affecting crop yields and food security. Understanding the multifaceted responses of crop plants to drought, particularly through their interaction with microbiomes and metabolites, is crucial and urgent for developing resilient agricultural systems. This review highlights the detrimental effects of drought on crop plants, including reduced water use efficiency, the production of free radicals, impaired plant growth and yield, and alterations in the photosynthetic apparatus. Additionally, this review addresses the research progress on plant responses, microbiome assemblages, metabolomic responses, and interactions under drought stress. By integrating findings from metabolomics, we discuss the “call for help” signal via root exudates in crop plants and their microbiomes during drought stress. Key aspects include the reciprocal exchange of metabolites (oxaloacetic acid, flavonoids, triterpenoids, phytoalexin, coumarin, and pyruvic acid), osmoprotectants (proline, sugars, amino acids), antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase), and phytohormones (salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and abscisic acid), along with the activation of stress-responsive pathways. Here, we explain the forefront of deciphering plant-microbiome interactions using cutting-edge metabolomics techniques. Therefore, this review summarizes the significance of metabolic and chemical exchanges between coexisting microorganisms to combat the escalating challenges of drought conditions effectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100513"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing genetic diversity in Coffea arabica L. through induced mutagenesis","authors":"Radisras Nkurunziza ,&nbsp;Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak ,&nbsp;Jan Bocianowski ,&nbsp;Pooja Bhatnagar-Mathur ,&nbsp;Stefaan P.O. Werbrouck ,&nbsp;Ivan L.W. Ingelbrecht","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Induced mutagenesis is a powerful tool for enhancing genetic diversity and introducing novel agronomic traits, particularly in annual seed crops. However, its application in horticultural crops like <em>Coffea arabica</em> remains limited. Genetic improvement in <em>C. arabica</em> is hindered by its narrow genetic base, long reproductive cycle and the rapid decline of wild relatives. This study evaluated the effects of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and gamma irradiation on seed germination, seedling growth, flowering and fertility in <em>C. arabica</em>. Seedling assays revealed that low EMS concentrations (0.2–2 %) stimulated germination, while higher concentrations (4–6 %) and increasing gamma radiation doses (20–100 Gy) progressively reduced germination rates. Long-term monitoring of mature M₁ plants showed that gamma irradiation induced stable mutant phenotypes such as dwarfism, altered leaf morphology and chlorophyll defects that persisted from seedling to reproductive stage. In contrast, EMS-treated M₁ plants appeared phenotypically similar to wild-type controls. Both mutagens influenced flowering and seed set. Gamma irradiation (50 Gy) induced early flowering and increased sterility, while EMS caused delayed flowering with reduced sterility. Notably, the altered leaf phenotypes and chlorophyll defects were also observed in the M₂ progeny, providing initial evidence of stable transmission of induced mutant traits. These findings highlight the importance of applying a range of mutagen doses to mitigate mutagen-induced infertility. They also show, for the first time, that gamma- and EMS-induced genetic variation in <em>C. arabica</em> can be stably transmitted, offering a promising strategy to broaden its narrow genetic base.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100514"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144578857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative analysis reveals cold acclimation mechanisms in Bambusa multiplex with comparative insights from Bambusa ventricosa and Phyllostachys edulis","authors":"Xiumin Zhao ,&nbsp;Yalan Chen ,&nbsp;Zhewei Zhang ,&nbsp;Zishan Ahmad ,&nbsp;Krishnamurthi Keerthana ,&nbsp;Venkatesan Vijayakanth ,&nbsp;Yongqi Zhi ,&nbsp;Ming Chen ,&nbsp;Feng Que ,&nbsp;Muthusamy Ramakrishnan ,&nbsp;Qiang Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Bambusa multiplex</em> (cold-tolerant) and <em>Bambusa ventricosa</em> (cold-sensitive) were introduced to Jiangsu Province, China, beyond their natural distribution ranges, over 25 years ago. However, the mechanisms underlying cold adaptation in <em>B. multiplex</em> remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the physiological and anatomical responses of these two bamboo species under cold stress and conducted comparative analyses of their metabolomic and transcriptomic profiles under both cold and warm conditions. Additionally, we compared these datasets with those of <em>Phyllostachys edulis</em> (Moso bamboo) to gain broader insights into stress response mechanisms in bamboos. The results revealed that <em>B. ventricosa</em> has relatively large, thick leaves with high water content, which may contribute to its cold susceptibility. In contrast, <em>B. multiplex</em> has smaller, thinner leaves with lower water content and higher stomatal density, which likely enhance gas exchange and cold adaptation. Despite differences in leaf morphology, microscopic leaf anatomy (epidermis thickness, cuticle thickness, and bulliform cells) showed no significant variation, suggesting that other factors may drive cold adaptability. Distinct metabolite and gene expression profiles, including those of several transcription factors, were observed between the species under both cold and warm conditions. Specific metabolites, such as proline, catechin, and ABA, as well as stress-related pathways, such as WRKY, MYB, ABA, and proline synthesis, were highly expressed in <em>B. multiplex</em> under cold stress, indicating their role in cold acclimation. Comparisons between <em>B. multiplex</em> (8 upregulated and 11 downregulated pathways), <em>B. ventricosa</em> (10 upregulated and 21 downregulated pathways, including photosynthesis, receptor kinases, and stress pathways), and Moso bamboo (30 upregulated and 12 downregulated pathways) highlighted unique cold adaptation strategies for each species. Moso bamboo presented the most robust cold response, including the upregulation of the WRKY, NAC, MYB, HSF, RNA processing, and ethylene signaling pathways. Furthermore, comparative metabolome analysis revealed that these three bamboo species have evolved distinct adaptations in terms of enzyme activity and gene expression for cold acclimation, whereas core metabolic processes remain conserved.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100512"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144578862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endophytic microbiota diversity in the phyllosphere of Sicilian olive trees across growth phases and farming systems","authors":"Dalila Crucitti ,&nbsp;Michele Sonnessa ,&nbsp;Francesco Carimi ,&nbsp;Tiziano Caruso ,&nbsp;Davide Pacifico","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the diversity and interactions of endophytic microbial communities in the phyllosphere of Sicilian olive trees, focusing on both cultivated varieties (cultivars) and wild accessions. The research aims to explore the influence of anthropogenic factors, phenological stages, and farming practices on endophytic diversity. Samples were collected from three Sicilian olive cultivars subjected to two different olive cultivation management (organic and conventional) and six wild olive accessions (natural environments), across four key phenological phases. Using culture-independent methods, bacterial and fungal communities have been characterized through high-throughput sequencing. The results indicate that phenological stages and agricultural practices significantly affect microbial communities, while the type of olive host mainly affects the fungal diversity. Winter season emerged as a key period for microbial diversity, especially for bacteria, whereas fungal diversity varied less across growth phases. Organic farming management reduced bacterial diversity compared to conventional management and wild habitats. Furthermore, interactions between bacterial and fungal communities revealed positive correlations, highlighting potential synergy among endophytes. These findings underscore the dynamic nature of olive tree microbiota and suggest that both plant–microbe and microbe–microbe interactions play vital roles in structuring endophytic communities. This study is innovative as it compares, for the first time, the complete phenological cycle of local olive cultivars and wild accessions. It also analyzes the endophytic microbial community and its relationship with organic and conventional management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100510"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144534721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heritable variation in root emergence during post-drought recovery reveals potential links to seedling drought recovery in rice","authors":"Lukas Krusenbaum ,&nbsp;Matthias Wissuwa ,&nbsp;Lam Thi Dinh","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought stress is a significant factor limiting rice yields worldwide. Effective drought tolerance involves both the ability of a plant to withstand water-limited conditions and the capacity to recover after rehydration. As rainfall patterns shift due to climate change, adaptation to variations in water availability during the growth period becomes increasingly important. Given the critical role of crown root number and length in drought response, understanding these traits is crucial. In this study, we evaluated the ability of rice genotypes to produce new crown roots following drought stress, using both a QTL mapping population and a diverse set of 3K-Rice Genomes Project accessions. Our results revealed high heritability (H² = 0.65) for new root number (NRN), as well as significant genotypic variation in NRN and new root length (NRL) during recovery. They are independent of general root vigor or drought tolerance under stress. A newly developed, simple screening method was validated in greenhouse and field trials, showing consistent genotype-specific responses, with a significant correlation (R = 0.73, p = 0.007). Varieties such as DJ123 and CHILE BORO maintained high NRN values under both water bath and soil-based recovery conditions, whereas IR64, despite producing many roots, showed limited recovery potential. Candidate loci associated with recovery-related root traits partially overlapped with known QTL for rooting ability and drought response, indicating both novel and previously characterized genomic regions. Our findings demonstrate that new root development during recovery is a distinct and heritable trait with potential for use in breeding programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100509"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144306293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium nitroprusside as a priming agent induces drought stress tolerance in Citrus","authors":"Emanuele Scialò ,&nbsp;Angelo Sicilia ,&nbsp;Angela Roberta Lo Piero","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Priming is a process whereby exposure to a mild stress or specific chemical stimulus enhances plants' resilience to future biotic and abiotic stresses. Signalling molecules such as hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and nitric oxide (NO) function as priming agents. In this study, Bitters (C22) citrus rootstock was treated with the NO donor sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and subjected to drought stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and H₂O₂ levels were measured to assess oxidative stress. Primed plants showed significantly higher tolerance to water scarcity than non-primed ones. RNA-seq analysis revealed that priming, followed by drought stress, regulated a broad spectrum of stress responses, enhancing the expression of genes involved in photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidant activity, reallocating energy, and reinforcing external barriers and xylem vessels. As concerns phytohormones, analysis of gene expression clearly indicated that auxin biosynthesis and signalling were activated, whereas those involving ethylene were repressed. Moreover, the application of weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) enabled the identification of genes whose expression showed positive or negative correlations with the levels of MDA and/or H₂O₂. This study provides insights into the role of priming in improving <em>Citrus</em> adaptability to water scarcity and identifying molecular strategies and candidate genes to enhance drought tolerance. To our knowledge, this is the first study correlating transcriptomic data with priming-induced drought tolerance in <em>Citrus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100508"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endophytic microbes enhance sugarcane defense against Sporisorium scitamineum by activating calcium signaling and stress-responsive traits","authors":"Faisal Mehdi ,&nbsp;Yuanli Wu ,&nbsp;Yimei Gan ,&nbsp;Zhengying Cao ,&nbsp;Shuting Jiang ,&nbsp;Limei Zan ,&nbsp;Shuzhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Benpeng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sugarcane, a widely grown crop, faces many challenges from pests, diseases, and environmental stresses. One of the most serious threats is smut disease, caused by the fungus <em>Sporisorium scitamineum</em> (SS). Although there are methods to control it, managing this disease effectively is still a big challenge. This study evaluates the synergistic application of endophytic bacteria <em>Bacillus sp. QN2MO-1</em> (BS) and <em>Pseudomonas chlororaphis</em> (PS) as a biocontrol approach to combat smut disease. Two sugarcane cultivars, ROC22 and Zhongtang 3, were initially grown in pots and later relocated to field conditions. Endophyte applications and SS infection were validated using qRT-PCR. A detailed assessment was conducted on physiological and morphological parameters, antioxidant enzyme activities, stress indicators, and the expression of stress-responsive genes. Results demonstrated that BS and PS, either individually or combined, effectively suppressed smut disease. Enhanced expression of defense-related genes (<em>ScCAT1, SOD1</em> and <em>PR1.04)</em>. Increased antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, POD) were observed, particularly in the resistant cultivar Zhongtang 3. Elevated levels of salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) indicated the activation of stress-related pathways, enhancing defense mechanisms. Endophyte-treated plants exhibited maximum growth and photosynthetic rates. Conversely, reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) levels suggested mitigation of oxidative stress. In the case of CAMTAs genes expression profiling, <em>SsnpCAMTA5</em> upregulated in both cultivars, <em>SsnpCAMTA7, SsnpCAMTA8 upregulated in</em> Zhongtang 3. <em>SsnpCAMTA12</em> downregulated in only Zhongtang 3 both time points (30 and 60 dpi). This result suggest that the bacterial endophytes triggered the pathogens related genes. These findings emphasize the potential of BS and PS as a sustainable, innovative biocontrol strategy, offering a promising solution to enhance sugarcane resilience and mitigate smut disease through integrated biological approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100506"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144261521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra- and inter-population variation in Spinacia turkestanica: Implications for spinach genetic resources sampling","authors":"Rob van Treuren ,&nbsp;Magdalena Krysiak ,&nbsp;Jan-Kees Goud ,&nbsp;Ryo Kimura ,&nbsp;Chris Kik","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Spinacia turkestanica</em> Iljin is closely related to cultivated spinach (<em>S. oleracea</em> L.) and therefore of interest to genebank curators and plant breeders. In 2008 an expedition was carried out in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan to collect seed samples of <em>S. turkestanica</em>. Eighteen of these accessions and two additional accessions from Turkmenistan were characterized for 21 phenotypic traits and 50 SNP markers to study the distribution of variation within and between populations. Six varieties of cultivated spinach were included in the study as references. In general, <em>S. turkestanica</em> was clearly distinct from the reference varieties for phenotypic and molecular diversity. The main part of the observed diversity in <em>S. turkestanica</em> was distributed within rather than between populations. The populations from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan showed a positive correlation between phenotypic and genotypic distance (r = 0.458, p &lt; 0.001) and between geographic distance and genotypic distance (r = 0.515, p &lt; 0.001). Genetic differentiation was largest between populations from Tajikistan and populations from Uzbekistan, which are separated by the Zarafshan mountains. A resampling study showed that sampling 30–50 plants from each of 5–6 geographically widespread populations is sufficient to capture more than 98 % of the observed SNP alleles and more than 99 % of the observed phenotypic variation within the targeted area in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan. Whether this recommendation also holds for adaptive variation, such as resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, is subject of further study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100507"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144280375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought mitigation in plants through root exudate-mediated rhizosphere interactions: Opportunities for future research","authors":"Salam Suresh Singh,&nbsp;Ngangbam Somen Singh,&nbsp;Emilynruwaka Lamare,&nbsp;Ningthoujam Ranjana Devi,&nbsp;Shadokpam Anjali Devi,&nbsp;Remei Kaguijenliu,&nbsp;Biki Takum,&nbsp;Keshav Kumar Upadhyay,&nbsp;Shri Kant Tripathi","doi":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100504","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpb.2025.100504","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought is among the most significant environmental factors that frequently limits the growth and productivity of terrestrial plants, making them susceptible to various diseases and resulting in the death of many species each year. Because the plants could not relocate to avoid environmental stresses (i.e., drought, cold temperatures, and high salinity), they developed specific adaptive mechanisms at the root-soil interface to cope with these stresses, especially drought. For instance, under drought conditions, plants change the composition of root exudates by increasing the concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA). This hormone is transported through the xylem transport system to plant leaves, signalling the leaf stomata to regulate stomatal activity. It reduces water loss in plants and enhances their resistance to drought conditions. This review examines the role of soil-root-microbe interactions under drought stress and highlights how this interaction influences nutrient cycling, osmotic pressure adjustment, signalling pathways, and microbial recruitment to enhance plant resilience under drought stress. Furthermore, the mechanisms by which root exudates enhance plant resilience through nitrogen and phosphorus cycling, detoxification of aluminium toxicity, and regulation of stomatal activity are discussed. Understanding these processes and mechanisms provides new insights into developing sustainable forest and agricultural management practices that enhance plant productivity under drought conditions by increasing their resilience in a changing environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38090,"journal":{"name":"Current Plant Biology","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100504"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}