Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials最新文献

{"title":"Thermal stresses in porcelain veneered lithium disilicate and zirconia dental crowns: Comparative analysis using a validated viscoelastic finite element model","authors":"Rupesh Shrestha ,&nbsp;Steven Fredeen ,&nbsp;Niyati Reddy ,&nbsp;Larissa M.M. Alves ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jeongho Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to investigate the effects of material compatibility, variable cooling rates, and crown geometry on thermal stress development in porcelain-veneered lithium disilicate (PVLD) and porcelain-veneered zirconia (PVZ) dental crown systems, and subsequently anticipate parameters for their optimum performance. An anatomically correct 3D crown model was developed from STL files generated using 3D scans of the experimental crown sample. Next, the viscoelastic finite element model (VFEM) based on the 3D crown model was developed and validated for anatomically correct bilayer PVLD and PVZ crown systems. The Vicker's indentation method was used on experimental PVLD and PVZ crown samples to validate the simulated thermal stress results from the VFEM. The validated VFEM was then used to predict thermal transient and residual stresses within the dental crown systems. The comparison between thermal residual stress profiles in PVLD and PVZ crowns showed that the interfacial stress concentrations were comparatively lower for PVLD crowns. However, the PVLD crowns also experienced prominent tensile stresses in the veneer layer. Furthermore, the rapid cooling protocol was seen to cause intensification of compressive stresses on the exterior veneer surface for both PVLD and PVZ crowns which can enhance resistance against crack growth. But faster cooling rates also caused rapid stress evolution which may cause material defects within the crown. This study highlights the importance of material compatibility by comparing stress distribution within the PVLD and PVZ crowns. Moreover, the post-firing cooling protocols showed significant effects on overall thermal stress distribution and consequently, the long-term dental crown performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106895"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a supercritical CO2 process on the mechanical properties and microarchitecture of trabecular bone using compression testing and microcomputed tomography","authors":"Théo Krieger ,&nbsp;Virginie Taillebot ,&nbsp;Aurélien Maurel-Pantel ,&nbsp;Marylène Lallemand ,&nbsp;Grégoire Edorh ,&nbsp;Matthieu Ollivier ,&nbsp;Martine Pithioux","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surgeons frequently use allograft bone due to its osteoconductive, osteoinductive, and osteogenic properties. Preservation processes are employed to clean the allograft, improve its conservation, and ensure its sterilization. Many current processes use the properties of supercritical CO₂ to remove bone marrow.</div><div>This study aims to measure the effect of a supercritical CO₂ process on the microarchitecture and the mechanical properties of trabecular bone. Eleven femoral heads were harvested from patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty. Sixty-seven cubic samples with 10 mm sides from these femoral heads were distributed in 3 groups: frozen at −20 °C, gamma irradiated and frozen at −20 °C, and treated with a supercritical CO₂ process including gamma irradiation. All the samples were tested with a microcomputer tomography scanner and a compression testing machine.</div><div>The supercritical CO₂ process has no significant effect on the microarchitectural parameters (BV/TV, Tb.th, Tb.sp, Tb.N, DA, and Conn.D). It has also no significant effect on the elastic modulus, yield stress, and ultimate stress. However, it has a significant effect on the densification stress.</div><div>An advanced study on the correlation between the microarchitecture and the mechanical properties shows that for a given volume fraction of 0.26 (the mean value for our study), the elastic modulus and ultimate stress of the bone treated with supercritical CO₂ were lower than those from the frozen group by 19% and 24% respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106893"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of physiological and non-physiological loading scenarios and crown material on periimplant bone stress distribution: A 3D finite element study","authors":"Francesco Valente ,&nbsp;Andrea Marrocco ,&nbsp;Cristina Falcinelli","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study numerically investigates the impact of different loading modes on the biomechanical response of an osseointegrated dental implant. While finite element modeling is commonly employed to investigate the mechanical behavior of dental implants, several models lack physiological accuracy in their loading conditions, omitting occlusal contact points that influence stress distribution in periimplant bone. Using 3D finite element modeling and analysis, stress distributions at the bone-implant interface are evaluated under both physiological loading, incorporating natural occlusal contact points, and non-physiological loading conditions, with a focus on load transmission mechanisms and the potential risk of bone overloading. Two crown materials, zirconia and lithium disilicate, are analyzed under load values of 150 N and 300 N. The physiological loading mode leads to significantly higher Von Mises stress concentrations in both cortical and trabecular periimplant regions compared to non-physiological loading. This results in different load transfer mechanisms underlining the importance of accurately modeling load application points. Crown material seems to have a minimal impact, whereas increasing the load intensity markedly increases stress levels. Notably, physiological loading reveals stress distribution at the implant apex, unlike non-physiological models. Additionally, peak values of tensile and compressive stresses at the periimplant interfaces increase under physiological conditions, with cortical bone stress rising by up to 210%. This highlights that relying on non-physiological loading modes may inadequately capture the risk of implant failure. Overall, these results emphasize the need to consider physiological loading scenarios, particularly for assessing failure risk to better guide implant design modifications, enhancing clinical outcomes and implant longevity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106894"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SLA-3D printing and bioactivity enhancement of zirconia anchor screws for temporomandibular joint disc reduction surgery","authors":"Hongyu Xing ,&nbsp;Hao Luo ,&nbsp;Lei Lai ,&nbsp;Hongyu Zhao ,&nbsp;Runqi Xue ,&nbsp;Qingguo Lai","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106897","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A method is proposed for 3D printing and enhancing the surface bioactivity of zirconia ceramic anchor screws, specifically tailored for temporomandibular joint disc reduction surgery. Initially, the challenge posed by the brittleness and processing difficulties of fine ceramic anchor screws was addressed through the application of SLA-3D printing technology. This allowed for an exploration of the forming accuracy and biomechanical properties of the printed anchor screws. According to research findings, the dimensional deviation in the thread processing of 3D printed zirconia screws is approximately 100 μm. When the threaded segment measures 7.0 mm in length, the 3D printed zirconia anchor screw, with a diameter of 2.7 mm, demonstrates comparable maximum axial tensile forces 102.91 N to a titanium screw of 2.0 mm diameter. The maximum vertical tensile force of the zirconia anchor screws exceeds the breaking force of the anchor suture by 21.03 N, fulfilling the requirements for clinical application. Additionally, the application of a ZrO₂-PDA-La³⁺ composite biological coating enhances the surface bioactivity of the 3D printed zirconia anchor screws. PDA ensures reliable adhesion of the biological coating during the implantation process, while La³⁺ significantly boosts the osteogenic capacity of the zirconia ceramic surface, thereby contributing to the long-term stability of the implant. Ultimately, zirconia anchor screws satisfying basic clinical requirements in terms of mechanical properties and biological activity were successfully developed, offering a novel treatment option for ADDwoR patients, particularly those with metal allergies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106897"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional mechanical properties of spinal cord gray and white matter in transverse section","authors":"Nicolas Bailly ,&nbsp;Eric Wagnac ,&nbsp;Yvan Petit","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding spinal cord injury requires a comprehensive knowledge of its mechanical properties, which remains debated due to the variability reported. This study aims to characterize the regional mechanical properties of the spinal cord in transverse sections using micro-indentation. Quasi-static indentations were performed on the entire surface of transverse slices obtained from 10 freshly harvested porcine thoracic spinal cords using a 0.5 mm diameter flat punch. No significant difference in average longitudinal elastic modulus was found between white matter (n = 183, E = 0.51 ± 0.21 kPa) and gray matter (n = 51, E = 0.53 ± 0.25 kPa). In the gray matter, the elastic modulus in the dorsal horn (0.48 ± 0.18 kPa) was significantly smaller than in the ventral horn (0.57 ± 0.24 kPa) (GLMM, p &lt; 0.05). The elastic modulus in the dorsal horn was also significantly smaller than in the lateral (0.52 ± 0.22 kPa) and ventral funiculi (0.53 ± 0.18 kPa) of the white matter (GLMM, p &lt; 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the elastic modulus among the ventral, lateral and dorsal funiculi of the white matter (GLMM, p &gt; 0.05). The average elastic modulus strongly varies between samples, ranging from 0.23 (±0.06) kPa to 0.79 (±0.18) kPa and the testing time postmortem was significantly associated with a decrease in elastic modulus (t = −5.2, p &lt; 0.001). The spinal cord's white matter demonstrated significantly lower elastic modulus compared to published data on brain tissue tested under similar conditions. These findings enhance our comprehension of the mechanical properties of spinal cord white and gray matter, challenging the homogeneity assumption of current models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106898"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A data-driven framework for developing a unified density–modulus relationship for the human lumbar vertebral body","authors":"Shengzhi Luan ,&nbsp;Elise F. Morgan","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the broad agreement that bone stiffness is heavily dependent on the underlying bone density, there is no consensus on a unified relationship that applies to both cancellous and cortical compartments. Bone from the two compartments is generally assessed separately, and few mechanical test data are available for samples from the transitional regions between them. In this study, we present a data-driven framework integrating experimental testing and numerical modeling of the human lumbar vertebra through an energy balance criterion, to develop a unified density–modulus relationship across the entire vertebral body, without the necessity of differentiation between trabecular and cortical regions. A dataset of 25 spinal segments harvested from fresh-frozen human spines consisting of L1 vertebrae with adjacent intervertebral disks and neighboring T12 and L2 endplates was examined through a systematic process. Each specimen was subjected to axial compression using a custom-designed radiolucent device, and the deformation at multiple points during the ramp was quantified using digital volume correlation applied to the time-lapse series of microcomputed tomography images acquired during loading. A finite element model of each specimen was constructed from quantitative computed tomography images, with the experimental displacement fields imposed to replicate the observed deformation. The optimal density–modulus relationship, both in exponential and polynomial forms, was then determined by using data-driven techniques to match the numerical strain energy with the experimental external work. The resulting relationships effectively recovered bone tissue modulus at the microscale. Subsequently, the unified relationships were applied to investigate the vertebral structure–property correlations at the macroscale: as expected, compressive stiffness exhibited a moderate correlation with bone mineral density, whereas bending stiffness was revealed to correlate strongly with bone mineral content. These findings support the accuracy of the developed density–modulus relationships for the vertebral body and indicate the potential of the proposed framework to extend to other properties of interest such as vertebral strength and toughness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106888"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of core material and occlusal contact pattern on fatigue behavior of different monolithic ceramic crowns","authors":"Maria Gabriela Packaeser ,&nbsp;Renan Vaz Machry ,&nbsp;Elisa Donaria Aboucauch Grassi ,&nbsp;Guilherme de Siqueira Ferreira Anzaloni Saavedra ,&nbsp;Cornelis Johannes Kleverlaan ,&nbsp;Luiz Felipe Valandro ,&nbsp;João Paulo Mendes Tribst ,&nbsp;Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106891","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106891","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effect of substrate core materials and occlusal contact patterns on the fatigue mechanical behavior and stress distribution of single-unit ceramic crowns. One hundred and twenty monolithic crowns were fabricated from zirconia (YZ – IPS e.max ZirCAD, Ivoclar), lithium disilicate (LD – IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar) and polymer infiltrated ceramic network (PICN – Enamic, Vita Zahnfabrik). The crowns were allocated considering two factors: 'substrate' (epoxy resin or cast Ni-Cr metal core) and 'occlusal contact pattern' (contact at the cusp ridges or cusp tips). The substrate models were design, milled and scanned to plan the restorations in a digital workflow. The crowns were milled, bonded to the substrates, and subjected to an accelerated fatigue test (100 N; 10,000 cycles/step; 20 Hz step-size: 100 N up to 1600 N, and after, 200 N until failure or survival at 2,800N; immersed in water). Statistical analyses were performed using two-way ANOVA, Tukey's post-hoc test, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (α = 0.05) considering fatigue failure load and cycles for fatigue failure (FFL/CFF). Fractographic and finite element analysis (FEA) were carried out. The results indicate that the 'substrate' factor did not influence the mechanical behavior of YZ and LD monolithic crowns (p &gt; 0.05). However, PICN crowns bonded to epoxy resin exhibited statistically superior results for FFL and CFF (p &lt; 0.05) compared to Ni-Cr cores. Regarding the 'occlusal contact pattern' factor, YZ and LD exhibited higher mean FFL and CFF when associated with cusp tip contact compared to cusp ridge contact (p &lt; 0.05), except for YZ bonded to the epoxy resin substrate (p &gt; 0.05). No differences were detected for the 'occlusal contact' factor in PICN crowns (p &gt; 0.05). The predominant failure was Hertzian cone cracks, regardless of the restorative material. Stress measurements showed higher stress peaks at the cusp ridges. The core material did not alter the fatigue mechanical behavior of YZ or LD crowns. However, the incidence of cusp ridge contacts in YZ or LD crown increases the risk of failure. Conversely, when using PICN crowns, a core with a more similar elastic modulus enhances mechanical behavior compared to a stiffer core, and no influence on the occlusal pattern was observed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106891"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143018986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A self-expandable nitinol frame for cable-driven parallel mechanisms in minimally invasive cardiovascular interventions","authors":"Sina (Mohammadmahdi) Keshavarz ,&nbsp;Mohammad Khoobani ,&nbsp;Rene Gilliland-Rocque ,&nbsp;Mohammadmahdi Tahmasebi ,&nbsp;Andrew Dueck ,&nbsp;M. Ali Tavallaei","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of self-expandable nitinol frames with cable-driven parallel mechanisms offers a promising advancement in minimally invasive cardiovascular interventions. This study presents the design, fabrication, and verification of a miniaturized self-expandable nitinol frame to enhance catheter tip steerability and navigation within complex vascular anatomies. The frame is reduced in size for delivery through 7–8 Fr sheaths while accommodating diverse vascular diameters, allowing up to a maximum expansion of 15 mm. Iterative design and parametric studies ensured robust vessel anchoring with minimal deflection to maintain catheter tip control accuracy. Extensive testing included finite element simulations and benchtop experiments. Crimping simulations confirmed that the maximum Von Mises stresses (575 MPa) did not exceed nitinol's yield stress, and deformation profiles matched experimental results. Deflection tests showed minimal deflections below 0.45 mm at the frame's anchoring points, ensuring precise tip control. Radial force studies validated balanced forces below 6 N (for target vessel diameters), preventing migration without damaging vessel walls. Friction studies demonstrated superior performance, reducing friction and enhancing force transmission efficiency. These findings indicated that the proposed miniaturized frame design is a feasible option for cardiovascular interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106889"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142974142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time-dependent effects of ethanol-glycerin embalming on iliotibial band biomechanics","authors":"Michael Werner ,&nbsp;Welf-Guntram Drossel ,&nbsp;Sabine Löffler ,&nbsp;Niels Hammer","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.106887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>When conducting biomechanical testing or clinical training using embalmed human soft tissues, it is essential to understand their impact on biomechanical properties and their time dependence. Previous studies have investigated this influence, but specific variations over different embalming durations have not been thoroughly addressed to date.</div><div>Ninety-seven human iliotibial band specimens were obtained from nine donors. All specimens were embalmed in ethanol-glycerin for varying durations: one day, eight days, and fourteen days. Prior to the mechanical trials, the specimens underwent osmotic water adjustment, tapering and standardized clamping. Uniaxial tensile tests were conducted to determine elastic modulus, ultimate tensile strength, and ultimate strain. Surface strain measurements were performed using a digital image correlation system.</div><div>Ethanol-glycerin embalming of soft tissues significantly affects ultimate strain after one day of submersion time, elastic modulus after eight days, and the ultimate tensile strength after fourteen days. For applications requiring consistent and reliable material properties reflecting a (supra-)vital state, caution is advised against using embalmed tissues even following short submersion durations in ethanol-glycerin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106887"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143019000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of the density–elasticity relationship for rabbit hindlimb bones","authors":"Jonah M. Dimnik ,&nbsp;Kurt H. Wilde ,&nbsp;W. Brent Edwards","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2024.106882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rabbit is a popular experimental model in orthopaedic biomechanics due to the presence of natural Haversian remodeling, allowing for better translational relevance to the mechanobiology of human bone over traditional rodent models. Although rabbits are often used with computational modeling approaches such as the finite element (FE) method, a validated and widely agreed upon density–elasticity relationship, which is required to make subject-specific predictions, does not exist. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine and validate an accurate density–elasticity relationship for rabbit hindlimb bones using mathematical optimization. Fourteen tibiae and thirteen femora were harvested from New Zealand White Rabbits, imaged with computed tomography (CT), and cyclically loaded in uniaxial compression while strain gauge rosette data were recorded. The CT images were processed into subject-specific FE models which were used in a Nelder–Mead optimization routine to determine a density–elasticity relationship that minimized the error between experimentally measured and FE-predicted principal strains. Optimizations were performed for the tibiae and femora independently, and for both bones combined. A subset of 4 tibiae and 4 femora that were excluded from the optimization were then used to validate the derived relationships. All equations that were determined by the initial optimization exhibited a <span><math><mrow><mi>Y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>X</mi></mrow></math></span> type of relationship with strong correlations (Tibiae: <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>96</mn></mrow></math></span>; Femora: <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>85</mn></mrow></math></span>; Combined: <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>90</mn></mrow></math></span>) and good agreement. The validation groups yielded similar results with strong correlations (Tibiae: <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>94</mn></mrow></math></span>; Femora: <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>87</mn></mrow></math></span>; Combined: <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>91</mn></mrow></math></span>). These findings suggest that any of the derived density–elasticity relationships are suitable for computational modeling of the rabbit hindlimb and that a single relationship could be used for the whole rabbit hindlimb in studies where greater computational efficiency is necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 106882"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142934198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}