Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials最新文献

{"title":"4D-printed smart hydrogels in oral medicine: Current applications and future perspectives","authors":"Yaping Yin ,&nbsp;Ziming Wei ,&nbsp;Bingxu Lu ,&nbsp;Jiajia Linghu ,&nbsp;Yunyi Wang ,&nbsp;Guichao Zhang ,&nbsp;Baohan Xie ,&nbsp;Qian Dong ,&nbsp;Zhaoqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To systematically review 4D-printed hydrogels printing platforms, stimuli-responsive modalities, and applications across oral medicine subspecialties, and to identify key translational solutions for progression from laboratory research to clinical implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched. To avoid omitting studies that used 3D terminology yet demonstrated time- or stimulus-responsive hydrogel behavior, core search terms included “4D printing,” “stimuli-responsive hydrogel,” and “3D printing of smart materials.” Data extraction covered printing platforms, material compositions, stimulus types, experimental models, outcomes, and translational considerations, findings were synthesized narratively.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>4D-printed hydrogels demonstrate compatibility with intraoral conditions and exhibit three principal capabilities: programmable deformation/shape memory enabling conformal fitting and force modulation; spatiotemporal, on-demand delivery of growth factors and antimicrobial agents; and tunable mechanics with self-healing to improve interfacial matching and damage tolerance. In preclinical models, improvements were observed in cell adhesion and migration, vascularization and mineralization, antimicrobial performance, and early osseointegration. Key limitations include inconsistent reporting of performance metrics, insufficient documentation of manufacturing and quality-control parameters, scarcity of clinically relevant large-animal models, and lack of consensus on clinical endpoints and regulatory classification.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions &amp; clinical significance</h3><div>4D-printed hydrogels are promising candidates for personalized oral therapies but require a harmonized design–validation–regulation pathway. Priorities include establishing multifactor validation matrices and durability endpoints under simulated intraoral temperature–pH–load conditions; engineering a responsiveness–strength balance via reversible crosslinking and nanoreinforcement; using digital twins to guide structural and parameter design; instituting stringent process control and nondestructive quality assessment; and advancing from large-animal studies to early feasibility trials anchored by clinically meaningful endpoints. Parallel progress across these fronts could accelerate translation from laboratory research to clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107233"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145350901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relevance of mode mixity when contrasted with adhesion variability in dental restorations","authors":"Yannick Yasothan ,&nbsp;Mariam Diarra ,&nbsp;Jan Neggers ,&nbsp;Nicolas Schmitt ,&nbsp;Johan Hoefnagels ,&nbsp;Elsa Vennat","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dental repair treatments often involve a bonded ceramic prosthesis, where the bonded interface constitutes a weakness subjected to complex mechanical stresses, leading to mixed interface loading. In such cases, the mixed-mode interface properties are of interest in predicting the ultimate moment of failure, however, their characterization can be laborious. This paper shows that the influence of mode mixity is insignificant with respect to interface adhesion variability, even for interfaces created under laboratory conditions. This result is obtained from miniature mixed-mode bending tests on bonded dental assemblies with varying mode mixity. <em>In situ</em> microscopy images were used, in combination with digital image correlation, to measure the crack propagation, which plays a critical part in computing the interface toughness. Next, a full uncertainty analysis of all error sources provides an upper bound for the expected variability. In contrast, the influence of mode mixity was much smaller than the measured interface toughness variability leading to the conclusion that the actual interface has a spread in toughness which is likely due to surface roughness and chemical variations along the adhesion surface, instead of due to mode mixity. This interface variability is shown to be much larger than the influence of mode mixity, if present at all. Consequently, in the short term, mode mixity analyses have little impact in the understanding of these interfaces, allowing more attention to be given to the source of the interface variability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107227"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145310603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nano-mechanical mapping of human and porcine abdominal aortic aneurysm","authors":"Aratrika Pan ,&nbsp;Stevan Glisic ,&nbsp;Blain Jones ,&nbsp;Anna Debski ,&nbsp;Arunark Kolipaka ,&nbsp;Michael Go ,&nbsp;Gunjan Agarwal","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is characterized by extensive remodeling of the extracellular matrix. The propensity of AAA rupture is dependent on the macro as well as micro and nanoscale heterogeneity in its mechanical properties. Previous studies have shown that AAA tissue comprises of mechanically soft and stiff regions as compared to healthy tissue. However, the correlation of these heterogeneous mechanical properties to its structural components are not well characterized. In this study we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to analyze human AAA tissue, extracted at the time of vascular surgery. In addition, healthy and diseased aortic tissue from a porcine model of AAA were examined. AFM was used to generate topographical images of tissue sections in a fluid environment, which were identified to be collagenous or non-collagenous regions. Quantitative Nanomechanical Mapping of the corresponding regions was performed to ascertain the local modulus. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and histological staining were used to localize calcific deposits. Our results indicate that AAA tissue is mechanically heterogenous with the modulus of collagenous regions being twice that of non-collagenous regions. The moduli of porcine AAA were comparable to that of human AAA and higher than healthy aorta from the corresponding animals. In addition, AAA tissue was interspersed with nanoscale particles of higher moduli, likely representing calcific deposits. The presence of calcific deposits was verified using TEM imaging and a dual histological staining approach consisting of Von Kossa and degraded collagen staining. We thus elucidate the nanoscale mechanical heterogeneity in AAA which can be attributed in part to collagen fibrils and calcific deposits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107229"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmental asymmetry and multiplanar motion of the lumbar spine: Cadaveric insights into spinal pathologies","authors":"Asghar Rezaei ,&nbsp;Alexander Hooke ,&nbsp;Babak Dashtdar ,&nbsp;Areonna Schreiber ,&nbsp;Abdelrahman M. Hamouda ,&nbsp;Kai-Nan An ,&nbsp;Benjamin Elder ,&nbsp;Kenton Kaufman ,&nbsp;Lichun Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The lumbar spine plays a critical role in supporting multiplanar motion and distributing loads during daily activities. While global spinal symmetry is often assumed in biomechanical assessments, segmental asymmetries may exist and contribute to conditions such as low back pain (LBP). The present study investigates the multiplanar kinematic behavior and torque asymmetry of the lumbar spine using cadaveric specimens, focusing on identifying segmental asymmetries that may be masked in global motion analysis. A novel experimental setup combining a 6°-of-freedom robotic system with optical metrology was used to apply controlled flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation to human lumbar spines. The metrology system enabled precise, non-contact tracking of vertebral motion in three dimensions, ensuring accurate quantification of segmental kinematics. Symmetrical motion inputs were applied bilaterally during lateral bending and axial rotation, while torque responses were recorded. Segmental range of motion (ROM) and torque asymmetries were quantified in the coronal and axial planes. Despite symmetrical inputs, torque outputs showed asymmetries exceeding 15 % in several specimens. Segmental ROM asymmetries were observed in most vertebrae, sometimes exceeding 40 %, and could vary across planes without consistent correlation. Notably, some spines exhibited segmental asymmetry despite overall torque symmetry, highlighting the limitations of global assessments. These findings underscore the importance of segment-level analysis in spinal biomechanics. Hidden asymmetries may have clinical implications for diagnosing and treating LBP. Spinal pathologies and alignment appear to partially account for subject-specific asymmetries in lateral bending and axial rotation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) for solving the forward and inverse problems of prostate biomechanics","authors":"María Ferrón-Vivó,&nbsp;Enrique Nadal,&nbsp;José Manuel Navarro-Jiménez,&nbsp;Santiago Gregori,&nbsp;María José Rupérez","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work introduces a novel integration of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) with hyperelastic material modeling, employing the Neo-Hookean model to estimate the stiffness of soft tissue organs based on realistic anatomical geometries. Specifically, we propose the modeling of the prostate biomechanics as an initial application of this framework. By combining machine learning with principles of continuum mechanics, the methodology leverages finite element method (FEM) simulations and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived prostate models to address forward and inverse biomechanical problems. The PINN framework demonstrates the ability to provide accurate material property estimations, requiring limited data while overcoming challenges in data scarcity. This approach marks a significant advancement in patient-specific precision medicine, enabling improved diagnostics, personalized treatment planning, and broader applications in the biomechanical characterization of other soft tissues and organ systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107225"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145305118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poro-viscoelastic mechanical characterization of healthy and osteoarthritic human articular cartilage","authors":"Jessica Faber ,&nbsp;Alexander Greiner ,&nbsp;Paula Büttner ,&nbsp;Chiara Schoppe ,&nbsp;Lars Bräuer ,&nbsp;Friedrich Paulsen ,&nbsp;Torsten Blunk ,&nbsp;Mario Perl ,&nbsp;Marcel Betsch ,&nbsp;Silvia Budday","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Articular cartilage serves an important mechanical function in the human body. For the design of implants for cartilage repair after injury or disease, it is key to thoroughly understand the unique mechanical properties of the native tissue. Here, we use multimodal mechanical testing combined with poro-viscoelastic modeling, finite element simulations, and histology to characterize the region-specific macroscopic large-strain mechanical properties of healthy and osteoarthritic human articular cartilage as well as their relation to the underlying microanatomy. We individually characterize tissue from medial and lateral sides, respectively, of the human femoral condyle and tibial plateau. Our results show that there are no significant differences between the medial and lateral sides, but tissue from the tibial plateau is slightly softer than tissue from the femoral condyle. Osteoarthritis leads to a significantly softened mechanical response, which correlates with corresponding microstructural changes. Through the presented combination of experiments and poro-viscoelastic material parameter identification for healthy and osteoarthritic cartilage, we confirm a reduction in stiffness and an increase in permeability due to the disease. The parameters can be valuable for future finite element simulations of the knee joint The presented results will help guide the design of implants that are able to restore cartilage structure and function, bridging biomechanics and regenerative medicine for osteoarthritis treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107226"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145314493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shear-induced rotation mechanism of VWF A2 domain plays important role in mediating platelet adhesion","authors":"Kuan-Yu Pan ,&nbsp;Shu-Wei Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>von Willebrand Factor (VWF) is a blood glycoprotein which plays an important role in mediating platelet adhesion to damaged blood vessel during hemostasis. It is known that the shear stress in blood stretches the A2 structural domain and regulates the platelet adhesion behavior through the cleavage by the metalloprotease ADAMTS13. The mechanical forces mediating the cleavage rate and the unfolding mechanism of A2 domain where the cleavage site (Tyr1605–Met1606 in <em>β</em>₄) resides is highly related to proper regulation of VWF proteolysis for maintaining normal hemostasis. Past studies have addressed the unfolding mechanism by conducting AFM experiments or SMD simulations. However, the local interaction of VWF with the surrounding fluid under shear flow were not considered, which might influence the unfolding pathway and the force required to facilitate the exposure of the cleavage site. Therefore, it's intriguing to study the unfolding pathway under shear flow at the molecular level to identify the conformational intermediates and force responses. In this study, we perform a molecular dynamics simulation with imposed shear flow on the VWF A2 domain to reveal how shear flow alters its molecular structure. Our results reveal that the loading condition strongly affects the molecular unfolding of VWF on its capability of rotation, which is crucial for stabilizing the βsheet and reducing the unfolding force under physiological condition. These findings provide fundamental knowledge for the development of future treatments of related diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107224"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical characterization of the equine linea alba and finite element modeling of suture patterns effects on its closure","authors":"Jellis Bollens ,&nbsp;Lise Gheysen ,&nbsp;Maria Verkade ,&nbsp;Janne Stael ,&nbsp;Ann Martens ,&nbsp;Patrick Segers","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Postoperative incisional complications are common in horses following abdominal surgery, which typically involves an incision through the abdominal wall along the linea alba. The linea alba is a fibrous band running in the craniocaudal direction along the ventral abdomen. This incision is closed with sutures, where the choice of suture pattern and surgical technique has shown to influence the rate of complications.</div><div>Therefore, this study investigated how different suture patterns and variations influence the stresses in the tissue by combining experimental and computational biomechanics. The mechanical properties of the equine linea alba were first characterized using uniaxial tensile tests. The samples were loaded in either the longitudinal, craniocaudal, or the transversal, laterolateral, direction. Based on the resulting stress-strain data, the Gasser-Ogden-Holzapfel material model was calibrated. This material model was then applied to develop a finite element model of the sutured linea alba, using an interrupted suture pattern. By changing the bite size, the distance from the incision to the suture entry point in the tissue, and the step size, the distance between stitches, their effect on the maximum principal stresses was analyzed. Additionally, a continuous suture pattern was modeled for comparison with the interrupted pattern.</div><div>The tensile tests revealed stiffer behavior of the linea alba in the longitudinal direction compared to the transversal direction. An increase in bite and step size led to a rise in the maximum principal stresses, with bite size having the largest effect. Switching from an interrupted to a continuous pattern only slightly increased stresses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107228"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145310524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical evaluation of shape-optimized CAD/CAM magnesium plates for mandibular reconstruction","authors":"Philipp Ruf ,&nbsp;Kilian Richthofer ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Orassi ,&nbsp;Claudius Steffen ,&nbsp;Georg N. Duda ,&nbsp;Max Heiland ,&nbsp;Sara Checa ,&nbsp;Carsten Rendenbach","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Magnesium CAD/CAM miniplates are a promising alternative to titanium plates for mandibular reconstruction. However, gas formation is an inherent part of the magnesium degradation process, and thus, the quantity of magnesium used in fixation scenarios should be limited. Previous studies described several strategies to limit material volume, such as plate thickness reduction and shape-optimization. In particular, shape-optimization has been described as a strategy to limit material volume while maintaining mechanical integrity.</div><div>In consequence, the present study compared a shape-optimized CAD/CAM magnesium miniplate with standard CAD/CAM magnesium miniplates of varying thicknesses using a biomechanical finite element model. A single-segment mandibular reconstruction was chosen as the investigative scenario, evaluated under different biting tasks to assess the different plate shapes.</div><div>The shape-optimized magnesium plate demonstrated similar primary fixation stability compared to standard CAD/CAM magnesium miniplates, despite having reduced plate material and surface area. Shape optimization could help minimize magnesium volume and surface area to mitigate the issue of gas formation during the degradation process <em>in vivo</em> while maintaining biomechanical performance comparable to common CAD/CAM miniplates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of strategies for improving the mechanical properties of 3D bioprinted skin grafts","authors":"Zhongxuan Shi ,&nbsp;Hao Lv ,&nbsp;Yu Wang ,&nbsp;Danyang Zhao ,&nbsp;Dong Han","doi":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jmbbm.2025.107223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the largest organ of the human body, the skin serves as a crucial protective barrier against external damage. While traditional approaches to skin injury treatment increasingly struggle to meet clinical demands, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as an innovative approach for tissue-engineered skin regeneration. Nevertheless, challenges persist regarding the mechanical integrity of bioprinted constructs, particularly post-printing graft shrinkage. This review systematically examines three key strategies for enhancing the mechanical properties of 3D bioprinted skin grafts: (i) Biomaterial innovation through novel material development and composite systems that substantially improve structural stability; (ii) Advanced structural design incorporating bioinspired architectures, topological optimization, and gradient configurations to achieve biomimetic mechanical performance; (iii) Post-fabrication processing techniques involving novel crosslinking methods and parameter modulation to reinforce mechanical strength. By critically analyzing these synergistic enhancement strategies, this work establishes a conceptual framework to guide future research in developing clinically viable 3D bioprinted skin substitutes with optimal biomechanical functionality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":380,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials","volume":"173 ","pages":"Article 107223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}