Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103320
Karthik Rayapureddi , Michael Glover , Haiwei Henry Guo , Emily Chan , Sumit A. Shah
Urothelial carcinoma is the most common bladder cancer; although pulmonary spread occurs, cannonball metastases are rare and classically linked to germ cell and renal cell tumors. Bladder cancer typically presents with painless hematuria, so respiratory-only presentations can delay diagnosis. We report a 42-year-old man with progressive dyspnea and innumerable bilateral cannonball lesions as the initial manifestation of muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma, without hematuria. To our knowledge, this is the first such initial presentation reported. This case underscore including urothelial carcinoma in the differential for pulmonary cannonball lesions and pursuing early biopsy and cystoscopic evaluation even in the absence of urinary symptoms.
{"title":"Cannonball metastases as an initial presentation of urothelial bladder carcinoma: a case report and literature review","authors":"Karthik Rayapureddi , Michael Glover , Haiwei Henry Guo , Emily Chan , Sumit A. Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103320","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103320","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urothelial carcinoma is the most common bladder cancer; although pulmonary spread occurs, cannonball metastases are rare and classically linked to germ cell and renal cell tumors. Bladder cancer typically presents with painless hematuria, so respiratory-only presentations can delay diagnosis. We report a 42-year-old man with progressive dyspnea and innumerable bilateral cannonball lesions as the initial manifestation of muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma, without hematuria. To our knowledge, this is the first such initial presentation reported. This case underscore including urothelial carcinoma in the differential for pulmonary cannonball lesions and pursuing early biopsy and cystoscopic evaluation even in the absence of urinary symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38188,"journal":{"name":"Urology Case Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Primary renal neuroendocrine tumor (NET) is extremely rare, with no established treatment for advanced cases. We report high-grade (G3) renal NET effectively treated with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). A 30-year-old man was diagnosed with primary renal NET G3 with liver metastases. After everolimus failure, he received 177Lu-DOTATATE (Lutathera®). Although the tumor continued growing after the first cycle, disease stabilized from the second cycle onwards. Stable disease was maintained for 12 months without severe adverse events, preserving quality of life. 177Lu-PRRT is a promising therapeutic option for high-grade, somatostatin receptor-positive renal NET when other treatments fail.
{"title":"A case of renal primary neuroendocrine tumor (G3) in which 177Lu-PRRT was effective for disease control","authors":"Saki Inaba , Toshiki Kijima , Mina Takaoka , Toshitaka Uematsu , Kohei Takei , Masahiro Yashi , Kazuyuki Ishida , Taku Aoki , Takao Kamai","doi":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103337","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103337","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Primary renal neuroendocrine tumor (NET) is extremely rare, with no established treatment for advanced cases. We report high-grade (G3) renal NET effectively treated with peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). A 30-year-old man was diagnosed with primary renal NET G3 with liver metastases. After everolimus failure, he received 177Lu-DOTATATE (Lutathera®). Although the tumor continued growing after the first cycle, disease stabilized from the second cycle onwards. Stable disease was maintained for 12 months without severe adverse events, preserving quality of life. 177Lu-PRRT is a promising therapeutic option for high-grade, somatostatin receptor-positive renal NET when other treatments fail.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38188,"journal":{"name":"Urology Case Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103337"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103322
Manzoor Ahmad , Hazique Jameel , Mohd Rafey , Ahmad Sadiq , Gyan Sachin Rao
Pediatric RCC often presents late and with non-specific symptoms posing diagnostic and surgical challenges especially when associated with vascular anomalies.
Case summary
A 15-year-old boy presented with a progressively enlarging right lumbar lump, intermittent painless hematuria, and early-onset hypertension. Examination showed a firm, ballotable right lumbar mass, with microscopic hematuria and elevated plasma renin. CECT revealed an 8.5 × 7 cm enhancing lower-pole right renal mass with dual arterial supply. Open radical nephrectomy was performed. Histopathology confirmed RCC-NOS, Fuhrman grade II, without lymphovascular invasion. Postoperatively, blood pressure normalized and the patient remains disease-free at 12-month follow-up.
{"title":"Renal cell carcinoma with anomalous vascular anatomy in a 15-year-old male: Case report with review of literature","authors":"Manzoor Ahmad , Hazique Jameel , Mohd Rafey , Ahmad Sadiq , Gyan Sachin Rao","doi":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pediatric RCC often presents late and with non-specific symptoms posing diagnostic and surgical challenges especially when associated with vascular anomalies.</div></div><div><h3>Case summary</h3><div>A 15-year-old boy presented with a progressively enlarging right lumbar lump, intermittent painless hematuria, and early-onset hypertension. Examination showed a firm, ballotable right lumbar mass, with microscopic hematuria and elevated plasma renin. CECT revealed an 8.5 × 7 cm enhancing lower-pole right renal mass with dual arterial supply. Open radical nephrectomy was performed. Histopathology confirmed RCC-NOS, Fuhrman grade II, without lymphovascular invasion. Postoperatively, blood pressure normalized and the patient remains disease-free at 12-month follow-up.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38188,"journal":{"name":"Urology Case Reports","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 103322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103324
Faisl Alslimah , Maher Moazin , Abdulrahman Alshehri , Yasser Alharbi , Ali Howaidi , Saif Alqahtani , Salman Almalki
Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) is a rare variant of fibrosarcoma that primarily arises in the deep soft tissue of the extremities and trunk. Primary SEF in the visceral organs is rare, and only a few cases have been reported. A 20-year-old man was diagnosed with primary renal SEF metastatic to the lymph nodes and bone, which was managed with open right radical nephrectomy and ongoing chemotherapy. Immunohistochemical staining for MUC-4, vimentin, BCL-2, and EMA was positive in tumor cells. Next-generation sequencing revealed the presence of EWSR–CREB3L1 gene fusions and SMARCB1 rearrangement in exon 6.
{"title":"Primary renal sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma: A case report","authors":"Faisl Alslimah , Maher Moazin , Abdulrahman Alshehri , Yasser Alharbi , Ali Howaidi , Saif Alqahtani , Salman Almalki","doi":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103324","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma (SEF) is a rare variant of fibrosarcoma that primarily arises in the deep soft tissue of the extremities and trunk. Primary SEF in the visceral organs is rare, and only a few cases have been reported. A 20-year-old man was diagnosed with primary renal SEF metastatic to the lymph nodes and bone, which was managed with open right radical nephrectomy and ongoing chemotherapy. Immunohistochemical staining for MUC-4, vimentin, BCL-2, and EMA was positive in tumor cells. Next-generation sequencing revealed the presence of EWSR–CREB3L1 gene fusions and SMARCB1 rearrangement in exon 6.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38188,"journal":{"name":"Urology Case Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103324"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103332
Kinh Luan Thai , Duy Dien Nguyen , Do La Quach , Nho Tinh Le , Le Quy Van Dinh , Minh Dinh Nguyen , Ryan Dobbs , Ho Trong Tan Truong , Tuan Thanh Nguyen , Xuan Thai Ngo
Zinner Syndrome (ZS) is a rare congenital anomaly defined by the triad of unilateral renal agenesis, ipsilateral seminal vesicle cyst, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. We report a 55-year-old male presenting with chronic perineal pain and LUTS. Imaging confirmed ZS (right renal agenesis, 3.3 × 3.8 cm seminal vesicle cyst). The patient underwent surgical excision, converting from laparoscopic to open due to dense adhesions. He achieved complete symptom resolution and remained stable at two-year follow-up. ZS should be considered in older males with non-specific LUTS. Surgery is effective, and advanced imaging is crucial for diagnosis.
{"title":"Zinner syndrome: Late-Diagnosis in a 55-year-old male and favorable outcome after surgical excision - A case report and review of the literature","authors":"Kinh Luan Thai , Duy Dien Nguyen , Do La Quach , Nho Tinh Le , Le Quy Van Dinh , Minh Dinh Nguyen , Ryan Dobbs , Ho Trong Tan Truong , Tuan Thanh Nguyen , Xuan Thai Ngo","doi":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zinner Syndrome (ZS) is a rare congenital anomaly defined by the triad of unilateral renal agenesis, ipsilateral seminal vesicle cyst, and ejaculatory duct obstruction. We report a 55-year-old male presenting with chronic perineal pain and LUTS. Imaging confirmed ZS (right renal agenesis, 3.3 × 3.8 cm seminal vesicle cyst). The patient underwent surgical excision, converting from laparoscopic to open due to dense adhesions. He achieved complete symptom resolution and remained stable at two-year follow-up. ZS should be considered in older males with non-specific LUTS. Surgery is effective, and advanced imaging is crucial for diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38188,"journal":{"name":"Urology Case Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103334
Nicola Schiavone , Marco Finati , Anna Ricapito , Antonio Fanelli , Gaetano Valerio Palella , Ugo Giovanni Falagario , Luigi Cormio , Carlo Bettocchi , Gian Maria Busetto , Giuseppe Carrieri
Solitary adrenal metastasis from bladder urothelial carcinoma is extremely uncommon. We report a 52-year-old man with high-grade pT3bN0R0 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, who developed a solitary right adrenal metastasis (59 × 31 mm) 20 months after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cystectomy (visible at the November 2024 CT, absent in March 2024). Surgical adrenalectomy was aborted due to adhesions and muscular invasion. After systemic therapy, the disease progressed with bilateral adrenal involvement. Adrenal metastases occur in 14 % of bladder cancer cases, isolated adrenal involvement is rare and aggressive; guidelines emphasise individualized multimodal management and suggest that earlier PET/CT may improve outcomes.
{"title":"Solitary adrenal gland metastasis detected at 24-month follow-up for muscle-invasive bladder cancer","authors":"Nicola Schiavone , Marco Finati , Anna Ricapito , Antonio Fanelli , Gaetano Valerio Palella , Ugo Giovanni Falagario , Luigi Cormio , Carlo Bettocchi , Gian Maria Busetto , Giuseppe Carrieri","doi":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103334","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103334","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solitary adrenal metastasis from bladder urothelial carcinoma is extremely uncommon. We report a 52-year-old man with high-grade pT3bN0R0 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, who developed a <strong>solitary</strong> right adrenal metastasis (59 × 31 mm) 20 months after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cystectomy (visible at the November 2024 CT, absent in March 2024). Surgical adrenalectomy was aborted due to adhesions and muscular invasion. After systemic therapy, the disease progressed with bilateral adrenal involvement. Adrenal metastases occur in 14 % of bladder cancer cases, isolated adrenal involvement is rare and aggressive; guidelines emphasise individualized multimodal management and suggest that earlier PET/CT may improve outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38188,"journal":{"name":"Urology Case Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145897994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Removing an embedded barbed hook in the body without causing further tissue damage is a challenge in the emergency department (ED). A crochet hook is one of these barbed hooks.
A 6-year-old male child presented to our hospital after 1 hour of crochet hook needle injury to the perineum. On perineal examination there was a sharp material imbedded in the anterior perineal area on the right side from the medial raphe. His follow-up course was uneventful.
The advance-and-cut method is the most practiced and successful. The choice of management techniques depends on the anatomic location and depth of the hook.
{"title":"Management of a crochet hook penetrating perineal injury: A case report","authors":"Asmelash Gebresilase Tewelde , Yirgalem Teklebirhan Gebreziher , Hadush Tesfay Negash , Birhane Mekonen Negash","doi":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Removing an embedded barbed hook in the body without causing further tissue damage is a challenge in the emergency department (ED). A crochet hook is one of these barbed hooks.</div><div>A 6-year-old male child presented to our hospital after 1 hour of crochet hook needle injury to the perineum. On perineal examination there was a sharp material imbedded in the anterior perineal area on the right side from the medial raphe. His follow-up course was uneventful.</div><div>The advance-and-cut method is the most practiced and successful. The choice of management techniques depends on the anatomic location and depth of the hook.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38188,"journal":{"name":"Urology Case Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103336"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103333
Masahiro Katsui, Konan Sakai, Takemi Shishido, Hiroki Ide
Left-sided inferior vena cava (LS-IVC) is a rare congenital vascular anomaly that can complicate retroperitoneal surgery because of altered venous and lymphatic anatomy. We report a case of robot-assisted nephroureterectomy performed in a patient with LS-IVC. A 67-year-old woman with right ureteral urothelial carcinoma underwent surgery after careful preoperative vascular assessment. Tailored robotic port placement enabled safe single-docking nephroureterectomy without vascular injury. This case highlights the importance of anatomical awareness and strategic surgical planning when performing robotic surgery in patients with rare vascular anomalies.
{"title":"Robot-assisted nephroureterectomy in a patient with left-sided inferior vena cava: a case report","authors":"Masahiro Katsui, Konan Sakai, Takemi Shishido, Hiroki Ide","doi":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Left-sided inferior vena cava (LS-IVC) is a rare congenital vascular anomaly that can complicate retroperitoneal surgery because of altered venous and lymphatic anatomy. We report a case of robot-assisted nephroureterectomy performed in a patient with LS-IVC. A 67-year-old woman with right ureteral urothelial carcinoma underwent surgery after careful preoperative vascular assessment. Tailored robotic port placement enabled safe single-docking nephroureterectomy without vascular injury. This case highlights the importance of anatomical awareness and strategic surgical planning when performing robotic surgery in patients with rare vascular anomalies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38188,"journal":{"name":"Urology Case Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145897995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103331
Alexandre Saboia Leitão Junior, Marllon Rodrigues Ferreira, Rommel Prata Regadas, Ricardo Reges Maia de Oliveira, Gabriel Silva Lima
Ureteroduodenal fistula is extremely rare, with fewer than 20 reported cases. We describe a 50-year-old woman with recurrent flank pain and hematuria whose imaging showed proximal ureteral hydronephrosis, a 2-cm stone, and a migrated metallic foreign body. During laparoscopic ureterolithotomy, dense adhesions revealed a fistula caused by transduodenal needle penetration with associated stone formation. Laparoscopic removal of the stone and foreign body, duodenal repair, and ureteral suturing with stent placement were successfully performed. The patient recovered uneventfully and remained asymptomatic at 6 months. This represents the first laparoscopic management of ureteroduodenal fistula, highlighting a safe, kidney-sparing alternative to open surgery.
{"title":"Laparoscopic treatment of ureteroduodenal fistula: Case report, technique, and review","authors":"Alexandre Saboia Leitão Junior, Marllon Rodrigues Ferreira, Rommel Prata Regadas, Ricardo Reges Maia de Oliveira, Gabriel Silva Lima","doi":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ureteroduodenal fistula is extremely rare, with fewer than 20 reported cases. We describe a 50-year-old woman with recurrent flank pain and hematuria whose imaging showed proximal ureteral hydronephrosis, a 2-cm stone, and a migrated metallic foreign body. During laparoscopic ureterolithotomy, dense adhesions revealed a fistula caused by transduodenal needle penetration with associated stone formation. Laparoscopic removal of the stone and foreign body, duodenal repair, and ureteral suturing with stent placement were successfully performed. The patient recovered uneventfully and remained asymptomatic at 6 months. This represents the first laparoscopic management of ureteroduodenal fistula, highlighting a safe, kidney-sparing alternative to open surgery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38188,"journal":{"name":"Urology Case Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145898042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103327
Samuel S. Iofel , Daniel Groves , Carlos A. Puyo , Lija Joseph , Robert A. Edelstein
Urinary bladder paragangliomas (UBPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that originate from extra-adrenal paraganglia in the bladder.
We report the case of a 67-year-old patient who presented with a submucosal bladder tumor. A hypertensive crisis developed during the initial attempt at cystoscopic resection, and biopsies demonstrated a UBPGL.
The importance of considering UBPGL in the differential diagnosis of submucosal bladder tumors is discussed. Appropriate perioperative blood pressure management and the choice of surgical approach can optimize outcomes and prevent morbidity.
{"title":"Paraganglioma of the urinary bladder: A case report and discussion of the literature","authors":"Samuel S. Iofel , Daniel Groves , Carlos A. Puyo , Lija Joseph , Robert A. Edelstein","doi":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eucr.2025.103327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Urinary bladder paragangliomas (UBPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors that originate from extra-adrenal paraganglia in the bladder.</div><div>We report the case of a 67-year-old patient who presented with a submucosal bladder tumor. A hypertensive crisis developed during the initial attempt at cystoscopic resection, and biopsies demonstrated a UBPGL.</div><div>The importance of considering UBPGL in the differential diagnosis of submucosal bladder tumors is discussed. Appropriate perioperative blood pressure management and the choice of surgical approach can optimize outcomes and prevent morbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":38188,"journal":{"name":"Urology Case Reports","volume":"65 ","pages":"Article 103327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145897991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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