Urology Case Reports最新文献

Castleman disease (CD) is a heterogeneous hematological condition characterized by distinctive histopathological features. The etiology remains unclear, and clinical symptoms are generally nonspecific. CD can occur in any location containing lymphatic tissue, with the mediastinum being the most common site, while adrenal involvement is rare. Adrenal CD is typically incidentally discovered during physical examination, commonly affecting one side. Imaging studies often make it challenging to differentiate from common adrenal tumors, necessitating pathological confirmation. Surgical intervention is the preferred treatment, and the prognosis is generally favorable.

This paper presents a rare case of a left adrenal mass, which was diagnosed as Castleman disease following surgical resection.

Spina bifida is a congenital condition that often leads to significant urological complications, including an increased risk of kidney and bladder stones. Performing percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) on patients with spina bifida presents unique challenges due to the anatomical deformities. We present a case of a spina bifida patient with right staghorn stone and bladder stones in a previously augmented bladder. Simultaneous tubeless supine PCNL and cystolitholapaxy was successfully performed. This case highlights the versatility of the supine position in managing complex stones in patients with spina bifida.

Arterial hypertension is a major cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Medical therapy is the most common treatment. However, in some cases there is a persistent high blood pressure despite medical therapy. These patients with medication refractory arterial hypertension can be treated by renal denervation. Until now an endovascular approach has been used. There are however limitations in eligibility based on vascular or anatomical anomalies. For these patients, as well as other patients eligible for renal denervation, robot-assisted renal denervation has the potential to become a surgical treatment option based on our findings.

Pheochromocytoma is a neuroendocrine tumor for which surgical resection is the main treatment.Malignant pheochromocytoma is very rare. Here,we present a case of adrenal pheochromocytoma invading the ureteral wall muscle layer, which resulted in left adrenal and left nephrectomy.

Pelvic floor disorders frequently occur as the result of excessive straining from chronic constipation or the trauma of vaginal childbirth, making them more common in women. We present a 62-year-old male with bladder prolapse through the anterior rectal wall in the setting of longstanding bladder holding behavior and excessive straining to void. We performed a novel robotic-assisted laparoscopic cystoprostosacropexy by anchoring the bladder and prostate to the sacrum to prevent bladder descent. Postoperatively, the bladder prolapse resolved with return of normal urinary function. This case underscores the potential of innovative surgical techniques in managing complex pelvic floor disorders in males.

Multicystic dysplastic kidney is a congenital anomaly typically diagnosed in infancy, rare in adults, in our case of a 25-year-old Sudanese female presented with left flank pain. Imaging showed the left kidney replaced by cysts, consistent with MCDK, and ovarian cyst. She underwent a successful open simple nephrectomy; and histopathology confirmed MCDK. Our case highlights diagnostic and management challenges of MCDK in adults. Conservative management is increasing, especially for asymptomatic patients with normal contralateral kidney function. Healthcare barriers in Sudan, including limited awareness and political unrest, complicate timely diagnosis and treatment. Multidisciplinary care and improved healthcare access are essential.