Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage最新文献

Ramesses II was one of the most important Pharaohs to have presided over Egypt during the New Kingdom period. In 2023 researchers Wilkinson, Saleem, Liu and Roughley produced two digital 3D facial depictions showing Ramesses II at different ages: one around the age-at-death at 90 years old and the other, an age-regression at approximately 45 years old, based CT scans of his mummified remains, photographs, and historical information. The presence of two 3D facial depictions of one ancient individual at different ages affords an opportunity to show how Ramesses II might have looked during key moments of his lifetime and just prior to death. This paper describes the workflow adopted to add realistic textures to the facial depictions, and to use a morph-based animation to represent Ramesses II ageing from 45 to 90 years old.

In keeping with the debate of the effects of climate change and human pressure on cultural heritage, research on archaeological sites that are threatened by erosion—and eventually subject to complete destruction—has increased in the last decade. Different solutions have been proposed at the national and international levels for the study and management of this cultural heritage sites across the globe. Since 2006, an international team of French and Spanish researchers has been working together in the research, monitoring and management of coastal archaeological sites in different Western European regions and in the French West Indies. As a result, several methods and approaches have been developed and implemented. Among those methods, 3D photogrammetric recordings of archaeological sites that are at risk. In this paper, we focus on the methodological aspects of photogrammetric erosion monitoring analysis, taking as an example one case study from NW Iberia: Guidoiro Areoso megalithic monument M3 (Galicia, Spain). Four photogrammetric models were to account for short (6-month to 1-year intervals) and long (10-year intervals) erosion monitoring. The results show the complexity of the local erosion/accretion conditions. The workflow uses free and/or low-cost software and is easy to extrapolate to different sites, regions and archaeological and geographical contexts.

This paper presents an Archaeological Predictive Model (APM) to predict rock art archaeological sites in the Pajeú Watershed, a semiarid region in Pernambuco, Brazil. The model uses Machine Learning (ML) algorithms and re-sampling techniques to account for the unbalanced data set of rock art sites and test different inductive methods for predicting site location. The results show a satisfactory statistical evaluation, with high true positive rates with all ML algorithms and resampling techniques used, indicating a high potential for predicting rock art site locations. The predictive maps generated from the model output, show that certain features, such as aspect, elevation and the distance to different lithologies, are particularly important. The overall model's performance could be corroborated with a test in another semi-arid region, next to the Pajeú watershed, where areas with high favorability of finding rock art sites are predicted near to already known archaeological sites.

This study presents a machine learning-based prediction model (PM) customized to predict missing components of historical mosques. Domed mosques built by Architect Sinan during the Classical Ottoman Period (16th century) are selected due to their distinctive features and stylistic similarities. The model development process includes data collection (46 domed Sinan mosques), data preparation and refinement, training, testing, and validation. The Pix2Pix method is used to train and validate the machine learning models, and the Structural Similarity (SSIM) metric is used to objectively evaluate the outcomes. Preliminary results indicate that the success of the PMs is not directly proportional to the number of input components. Instead, factors such as overall mass organization, the curvature of the dome, and the number of balconies on the minaret play crucial roles in determining the success of the outcomes.

The recent fire at the Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris has motivated a series of studies attempting to understand better the acoustics of Notre-Dame, its evolution over the centuries, and its influence on music, extending to projections in aid of its restoration. To accomplish these, a digital twin of the cathedral, reflecting the acoustic conditions, was created and subsequently varied to reconstruct the buildings' historical and possible future states. While fundamentally employed for various research studies, the project's cultural importance obliged consideration of means to share and disseminate its efforts to the general public. Highlighting this aspect, the methodology and details of two completed public productions realised in this work are presented here, exposing how the research tools developed and the scientific results previously obtained were transformed into mediatisation productions through different methods of narration.

In the rapidly evolving landscape of technology, the metaverse has emerged as a groundbreaking platform for redefining fashion presentation, experience, and conceptualization. This paper investigates the interplay between fashion and Virtual Reality (VR) through specific use cases of virtual showrooms. Each case highlights the metaverse's potential in fashion, from reproposing historical elements to expressing contemporary trends, showcasing technological innovations, like Artificial Intelligence (AI), and user engagement strategies. This analysis shows how such commercial spaces can be exploratory platforms for narrating a brand's history and heritage elements, revealing VR's potential to enhance user engagement with immersive 3D environments and dynamic narratives. The paper further investigates advancements in integrating heritage with e-commerce elements and using heritage and AI as storytelling tools, concentrating on four exemplary projects. This integration suggests a future of increasingly immersive, personalized, and interactive experiences, marking a new chapter in how fashion is conceived, presented, and experienced.

Despite the significance of 3D city models, the associated costs and reliance on modern data acquisition tools hindered progress. This research aims to bridge these gaps by devising a method to create 3D city models with limited resources, sidestepping the need for cutting-edge tools. The method proposed relies on available resources to generate building footprint data and primarily generates elevation data using images. Based on Historic Building information model principles, a 3D city model of the port city of Massawa, Eritrea, comprising four classes of models was developed. In its current state, the model can be used for several applications such as visualization, conservation, urban assessments, and as a spatial data source to develop a city digital twin. Despite limitations in acquiring appropriate resources and the need for significant user interaction, the approach holds promise for initiating urban heritage conservation, particularly in inaccessible and resource-deficient sites in developing countries.

This study investigates the pivotal role of Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) in conservation of cultural heritage buildings. Utilizing a systematic literature review and in-depth analysis of 59 studies within 2013–23 period, the study underscores HBIM's capacity to document, analyze, and manage heritage structures. It delineates the workflow from data acquisition through laser scanning and photogrammetry, to the modeling of historic fabric, highlighting the integration of digital technologies in conservation practices. The paper identifies key challenges in HBIM adoption, including technical limitations, the need for specialized skills, and the complexity of accurately modeling historical details. It proposes avenues for future research focused on enhancing data acquisition techniques, improving the interoperability of HBIM with other digital tools, and developing standards for the effective documentation of heritage sites. The findings advocate for a collaborative approach, leveraging HBIM to foster interdisciplinary partnerships between architects, historians, and conservationists, for sustainable preservation of cultural heritage.