Pub Date : 2016-06-06DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2016.7543122
M. Hierholzer, G. Varghese, M. Killenberg
Unit and integration tests are powerful tools to ensure software quality. Writing such tests for real-time applications accessing hardware requires not only replacing the real hardware with a virtual implementation in software. Also time must be controlled precisely. For a number of reasons the time scale in the simulated environment should not be identical to the real time: computations needed for a complex plant model might just be too slow for a real time simulation, or some long-term software behaviour should be tested in a short-running test. Communications with devices often require a specific timing which should be subject of a unit test. These examples demand using a virtual time scale in software tests. We present the VirtualLab framework as part of the MTCA4U tool kit. It has been designed to help implementing such tests by introducing the concept of virtual time and combining it with an implementation basis for virtual devices and plant models. The framework is designed modularly so that virtual devices and model components can be reused to test different parts of the control system software.
{"title":"Software tests and timulations for real-time applications based on virtual time","authors":"M. Hierholzer, G. Varghese, M. Killenberg","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2016.7543122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2016.7543122","url":null,"abstract":"Unit and integration tests are powerful tools to ensure software quality. Writing such tests for real-time applications accessing hardware requires not only replacing the real hardware with a virtual implementation in software. Also time must be controlled precisely. For a number of reasons the time scale in the simulated environment should not be identical to the real time: computations needed for a complex plant model might just be too slow for a real time simulation, or some long-term software behaviour should be tested in a short-running test. Communications with devices often require a specific timing which should be subject of a unit test. These examples demand using a virtual time scale in software tests. We present the VirtualLab framework as part of the MTCA4U tool kit. It has been designed to help implementing such tests by introducing the concept of virtual time and combining it with an implementation basis for virtual devices and plant models. The framework is designed modularly so that virtual devices and model components can be reused to test different parts of the control system software.","PeriodicalId":383702,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference (RT)","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134264209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-06DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2016.7543097
D. Rohr, M. Krzewicki, V. Lindenstruth
ALICE (A Large Heavy Ion Experiment) is one of four major experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The ALICE High Level Trigger (HLT) is a cluster of 200 nodes, which reconstructs collisions as recorded by the ALICE detector in real-time. It employs a custom online data-transport framework to distribute data and workload among the compute nodes. ALICE employs subdetectors sensitive to environmental conditions such as pressure and temperature, e.g. the Time Projection Chamber (TPC). A precise reconstruction of particle trajectories requires the calibration of these detectors. Performing the calibration in real time in the HLT improves the online reconstructions and renders certain offline calibration steps obsolete speeding up offline physics analysis. For LHC Run 3, starting in 2020 when data reduction will rely on reconstructed data, online calibration becomes a necessity. Reconstructed particle trajectories build the basis for the calibration making a fast online-tracking mandatory. The main detectors used for this purpose are the TPC and ITS. Reconstructing the trajectories in the TPC is the most compute-intense step. We present several components of the ALICE High Level Trigger used for fast event reconstruction and then focus on newly developed components for online calibration. The TPC tracker employs GPUs to speed up the processing and is based on a Cellular Automaton and the Kalman filter. It has been used successfully in proton-proton, lead-lead, and proton-lead runs between 2011 and 2015. We have implemented a wrapper to run ALICE offline analysis and calibration software inside the HLT. Normally, the HLT works in an event-synchronous mode. We have added asynchronous processing capabilities to support long-running calibration tasks. In order to improve the resiliency, an isolated process performs the asynchronous operations such that even a fatal error does not disturb data taking. We have complemented the original loop-free HLT chain with ZeroMQ data-transfer components. The ZeroMQ components facilitate a feedback loop, that after a short delay inserts the calibration result created at the end of the chain back into tracking components at the beginning of the chain. On top of that, these components are used to ship QA histograms to the Data Quality Monitoring (DQM) and to obtain information of pressure and temperature sensors needed for calibration. All these new features are implemented in a general way, such that they have use-cases aside from online calibration. In order to gather sufficient statistics for the calibration, the asynchronous calibration component must process enough events per time interval. Since the calibration is only valid for a certain time period, the delay until the feedback loop provides updated calibration data must not be too long. A first full-scale test of the online calibration functionality was performed during the 2015 heavy-ion run under real conditions. We present a timing analysis of t
爱丽丝(大型重离子实验)是欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机(LHC)的四个主要实验之一。ALICE High Level Trigger (HLT)是一个由200个节点组成的集群，它可以实时重建由ALICE探测器记录的碰撞。它采用自定义的在线数据传输框架在计算节点之间分发数据和工作负载。ALICE采用对环境条件(如压力和温度)敏感的子探测器，例如时间投影室(TPC)。粒子轨迹的精确重建需要这些探测器的校准。在HLT中实时执行校准改进了在线重建，并使某些离线校准步骤过时，加快了离线物理分析。对于LHC Run 3，从2020年开始，当数据缩减将依赖于重构数据时，在线校准成为必要。重建的粒子轨迹为标定奠定了基础，使得快速在线跟踪成为必要条件。用于此目的的主要探测器是TPC和ITS。在TPC中重建轨迹是计算强度最大的步骤。我们介绍了用于快速事件重建的ALICE高电平触发器的几个组件，然后重点介绍了用于在线校准的新开发组件。TPC跟踪器采用gpu来加快处理速度，并基于元胞自动机和卡尔曼滤波器。在2011年至2015年期间，它已成功用于质子-质子，铅-铅和质子-铅的运行。我们在HLT内部实现了一个包装器来运行ALICE离线分析和校准软件。通常，HLT以事件同步模式工作。我们添加了异步处理功能来支持长时间运行的校准任务。为了提高弹性，隔离的进程执行异步操作，这样即使发生致命错误也不会干扰数据获取。我们用ZeroMQ数据传输组件补充了原来的无环路HLT链。ZeroMQ组件促进反馈回路，在短暂延迟后，将在链末端创建的校准结果插入到链开头的跟踪组件中。最重要的是，这些组件用于将QA直方图发送到数据质量监测(DQM)，并获取校准所需的压力和温度传感器的信息。所有这些新功能都以一种通用的方式实现，因此除了在线校准之外，它们还有用例。为了为校准收集足够的统计信息，异步校准组件必须在每个时间间隔内处理足够的事件。由于校准仅在特定时间段内有效，因此直到反馈回路提供更新的校准数据之前的延迟不能太长。2015年重离子运行期间，在实际条件下对在线校准功能进行了首次全面测试。我们提出了第一次在线校准测试的时序分析，这表明HLT能够快速在线TPC漂移时间校准，足以通过反馈回路校准跟踪。
{"title":"Fast online reconstruction and online calibration in the ALICE High Level Trigger","authors":"D. Rohr, M. Krzewicki, V. Lindenstruth","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2016.7543097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2016.7543097","url":null,"abstract":"ALICE (A Large Heavy Ion Experiment) is one of four major experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. The ALICE High Level Trigger (HLT) is a cluster of 200 nodes, which reconstructs collisions as recorded by the ALICE detector in real-time. It employs a custom online data-transport framework to distribute data and workload among the compute nodes. ALICE employs subdetectors sensitive to environmental conditions such as pressure and temperature, e.g. the Time Projection Chamber (TPC). A precise reconstruction of particle trajectories requires the calibration of these detectors. Performing the calibration in real time in the HLT improves the online reconstructions and renders certain offline calibration steps obsolete speeding up offline physics analysis. For LHC Run 3, starting in 2020 when data reduction will rely on reconstructed data, online calibration becomes a necessity. Reconstructed particle trajectories build the basis for the calibration making a fast online-tracking mandatory. The main detectors used for this purpose are the TPC and ITS. Reconstructing the trajectories in the TPC is the most compute-intense step. We present several components of the ALICE High Level Trigger used for fast event reconstruction and then focus on newly developed components for online calibration. The TPC tracker employs GPUs to speed up the processing and is based on a Cellular Automaton and the Kalman filter. It has been used successfully in proton-proton, lead-lead, and proton-lead runs between 2011 and 2015. We have implemented a wrapper to run ALICE offline analysis and calibration software inside the HLT. Normally, the HLT works in an event-synchronous mode. We have added asynchronous processing capabilities to support long-running calibration tasks. In order to improve the resiliency, an isolated process performs the asynchronous operations such that even a fatal error does not disturb data taking. We have complemented the original loop-free HLT chain with ZeroMQ data-transfer components. The ZeroMQ components facilitate a feedback loop, that after a short delay inserts the calibration result created at the end of the chain back into tracking components at the beginning of the chain. On top of that, these components are used to ship QA histograms to the Data Quality Monitoring (DQM) and to obtain information of pressure and temperature sensors needed for calibration. All these new features are implemented in a general way, such that they have use-cases aside from online calibration. In order to gather sufficient statistics for the calibration, the asynchronous calibration component must process enough events per time interval. Since the calibration is only valid for a certain time period, the delay until the feedback loop provides updated calibration data must not be too long. A first full-scale test of the online calibration functionality was performed during the 2015 heavy-ion run under real conditions. We present a timing analysis of t","PeriodicalId":383702,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference (RT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132916238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-06DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2016.7543155
Ma Yichao, S. Zhijia, Zhuang Jian, Zhou Jianrong, Zhao Yubin, Liang Yi
In the Spallation Neutron Source, the performance of neutron detector and its readout system was related to whether the high neutron flux is fully utilized. So it have a very important significance in the large area position sensitive neutron detector. This paper introduced a neutron detection readout system based on GEM detector. GEM gas detector is always used in neutron detection, The detector used to achieve conversion of the Neutron signal which used GEM detectors, and the CIPIX chip is used as a preliminary amplifier, sharper, and discriminator. Then a FPGA based system is used to readout the electrical signal and process the data that acquire by CIPIX chip. Gigabit Ethernet is used as control interface and readout interface. The control command is received and the position information of the Neutron is send out through TCP/IP protocol. Event selection, data compress is implemented on FPGA. The host computer received the position information of The Neutron and then plotted the location map of the Neutron signal. At the same time it also can control the neutron detector system such as the mode of Event filer, the compress mode of the data. In our experimental environment, successfully detected the position of the neutron signal and analyzed the location map. The maxim event Rate is more than 4M with 32×32 resolution.
{"title":"The design of the readout system of two-dimensional position-sensitive GEM detector","authors":"Ma Yichao, S. Zhijia, Zhuang Jian, Zhou Jianrong, Zhao Yubin, Liang Yi","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2016.7543155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2016.7543155","url":null,"abstract":"In the Spallation Neutron Source, the performance of neutron detector and its readout system was related to whether the high neutron flux is fully utilized. So it have a very important significance in the large area position sensitive neutron detector. This paper introduced a neutron detection readout system based on GEM detector. GEM gas detector is always used in neutron detection, The detector used to achieve conversion of the Neutron signal which used GEM detectors, and the CIPIX chip is used as a preliminary amplifier, sharper, and discriminator. Then a FPGA based system is used to readout the electrical signal and process the data that acquire by CIPIX chip. Gigabit Ethernet is used as control interface and readout interface. The control command is received and the position information of the Neutron is send out through TCP/IP protocol. Event selection, data compress is implemented on FPGA. The host computer received the position information of The Neutron and then plotted the location map of the Neutron signal. At the same time it also can control the neutron detector system such as the mode of Event filer, the compress mode of the data. In our experimental environment, successfully detected the position of the neutron signal and analyzed the location map. The maxim event Rate is more than 4M with 32×32 resolution.","PeriodicalId":383702,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference (RT)","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133309521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-06DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2016.7543073
Jianmin Wang, Hongfei Zhang, Sheng-zhao Lin, Yi Feng, Dong-xu Yang, Jian Wang
In this paper, we introduce an ultra-low noise power system designed for high precision detectors, like CCD detector. We build low noise power circuit for the front-end electronics, whose noise generally needs to be under 1 mVrms. Because the system may be used in low temperature environment as in Antarctica, the influence of electronic equipment working at 213K-193K is fully considered in the beginning of the design. As a result, the power system passed noise and long-time low temperature test.
{"title":"Design of ultra-low noise power system for high-precision detectors","authors":"Jianmin Wang, Hongfei Zhang, Sheng-zhao Lin, Yi Feng, Dong-xu Yang, Jian Wang","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2016.7543073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2016.7543073","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we introduce an ultra-low noise power system designed for high precision detectors, like CCD detector. We build low noise power circuit for the front-end electronics, whose noise generally needs to be under 1 mVrms. Because the system may be used in low temperature environment as in Antarctica, the influence of electronic equipment working at 213K-193K is fully considered in the beginning of the design. As a result, the power system passed noise and long-time low temperature test.","PeriodicalId":383702,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference (RT)","volume":"55 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133684957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-06DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2016.7543090
M. Ruiz, S. Esquembri, A. Carpeño, J. Nieto, A. Bustos, E. Bernal, D. Sanz, E. Barrera
IRIO tools are a set of software modules simplifying the development of advanced data acquisition systems (DAQs) using FPGA-based devices. In particular IRIO provides all the integration chain for the development of applications for EPICS middleware. The simplification arises because IRIO defines three main elements: a data acquisition and processing architecture for the FPGA, a software layer interfacing this implementation and an EPICS devices support implemented with asynDriver integrating all in EPICS. IRIO uses RIO technology from National Instruments and LabVIEW for FPGA development. The tools have been integrated and tested in ITER codac core system for fast controllers and in one prototype of the ION Source in ESS-Bilbao. IRIO software is distrusted under the GPL V2 license.
{"title":"IRIO technology: Developing applications for advanced DAQ systems using FPGAs","authors":"M. Ruiz, S. Esquembri, A. Carpeño, J. Nieto, A. Bustos, E. Bernal, D. Sanz, E. Barrera","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2016.7543090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2016.7543090","url":null,"abstract":"IRIO tools are a set of software modules simplifying the development of advanced data acquisition systems (DAQs) using FPGA-based devices. In particular IRIO provides all the integration chain for the development of applications for EPICS middleware. The simplification arises because IRIO defines three main elements: a data acquisition and processing architecture for the FPGA, a software layer interfacing this implementation and an EPICS devices support implemented with asynDriver integrating all in EPICS. IRIO uses RIO technology from National Instruments and LabVIEW for FPGA development. The tools have been integrated and tested in ITER codac core system for fast controllers and in one prototype of the ION Source in ESS-Bilbao. IRIO software is distrusted under the GPL V2 license.","PeriodicalId":383702,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference (RT)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131108808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-06DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2016.7543166
D. Mazur, V. Herrero Bosch, R. Aliaga, J. M. Monzo Ferrer, R. Gadea Girones, R. J. Colom Palero
This work presents a multichannel IC architecture which is able to process and digitize simultaneous current pulses in every input channel with no deadtime. The analog to digital conversion is performed in two steps: 6 MSBs are quantized by the Charge Pulse System (CPS) and 8 LSBs are obtained from a later ADC for a total of 14 ENOB at the output. An IC designed for sensors with fast pulse current responses is currently under development. The CPS extended input range can take advantage of high gain sensors thus improving overall SNR of the detector. Energy resolution dependent applications such as PET might benefit from this novel DAQ architecture.
{"title":"Multichannel DAQ IC with zero deadtime and extended input range for current pulse sensors","authors":"D. Mazur, V. Herrero Bosch, R. Aliaga, J. M. Monzo Ferrer, R. Gadea Girones, R. J. Colom Palero","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2016.7543166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2016.7543166","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a multichannel IC architecture which is able to process and digitize simultaneous current pulses in every input channel with no deadtime. The analog to digital conversion is performed in two steps: 6 MSBs are quantized by the Charge Pulse System (CPS) and 8 LSBs are obtained from a later ADC for a total of 14 ENOB at the output. An IC designed for sensors with fast pulse current responses is currently under development. The CPS extended input range can take advantage of high gain sensors thus improving overall SNR of the detector. Energy resolution dependent applications such as PET might benefit from this novel DAQ architecture.","PeriodicalId":383702,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference (RT)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115408098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-06DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2016.7543163
L. Butkowski, V. Vogel, H. Schlarb, J. Szabatin
The driving engine of the superconducting accelerator of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) are 27 Radio Frequency (RF) stations. Each of an underground RF station consists from multi-beam horizontal klystron which can provide up to 10MW of power at 1.3GHz. Klystrons are sensitive devices with limited lifetime and high mean time between failures. In the real operation the lifetime of the tube can be thoroughly reduced by failures. To minimize the influence of service conditions to the klystrons lifetime the special fast protection system named as Klystron Lifetime Management System (KLM) has been developed. The main task of this system is to detect all events which can destroy the tube as quickly as possible and switch off driving RF signal or HV. Detection of events is based on comparison of model of high power RF amplifier with real signals. Implementation is done in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). For the XFEL implementation of KLM is based on the standard Low Level RF (LLRF) Micro Tele-communications Computing Architecture (MTCA.4 or xTCA). This article focuses on the klystron model estimation and implementation of KLM in FPGA. Results of the system implemented on MTCA.4 architecture will be presented in the end.
{"title":"Extended abstract for model based fast protection system for high power RF tube amplifiers used at European XFEL accelerator","authors":"L. Butkowski, V. Vogel, H. Schlarb, J. Szabatin","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2016.7543163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2016.7543163","url":null,"abstract":"The driving engine of the superconducting accelerator of the European X-ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) are 27 Radio Frequency (RF) stations. Each of an underground RF station consists from multi-beam horizontal klystron which can provide up to 10MW of power at 1.3GHz. Klystrons are sensitive devices with limited lifetime and high mean time between failures. In the real operation the lifetime of the tube can be thoroughly reduced by failures. To minimize the influence of service conditions to the klystrons lifetime the special fast protection system named as Klystron Lifetime Management System (KLM) has been developed. The main task of this system is to detect all events which can destroy the tube as quickly as possible and switch off driving RF signal or HV. Detection of events is based on comparison of model of high power RF amplifier with real signals. Implementation is done in Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). For the XFEL implementation of KLM is based on the standard Low Level RF (LLRF) Micro Tele-communications Computing Architecture (MTCA.4 or xTCA). This article focuses on the klystron model estimation and implementation of KLM in FPGA. Results of the system implemented on MTCA.4 architecture will be presented in the end.","PeriodicalId":383702,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference (RT)","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115216983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-06DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2016.7543106
D. Alves, K. Fuchsberger, S. Jackson, J. Wenninger
The beam-based feedback system is essential for the operation of the LHC. It comprises two C++ servers: a FESA-based (framework for real-time systems developed at CERN) acquisition and configuration proxy, and a non FESA-based controller which sanitises the acquisition data and feeds it to multiple real-time feedback algorithms (orbit control, radialloop control and tune control) ensuring a stable orbit of the LHC's beams. Responsibility for the further development and maintenance of the servers was recently transferred to a new team, who have made considerable efforts to document the existing system as well as improve its operational reliability, performance, maintainability and compliance with CERN's software and operational standards. Software changes are accompanied by rigorous unit-testing with future releases tested outside the operational environment, thus minimizing the potential for beam downtime. This approach has proven very effective during re-commissioning for LHC's run 2, where the systems underwent significant changes. In a bid to homogenize operational procedures for configuring LHC systems, a demand to improve the real-time configuration of the system's feedback references and optics was identified. To replace the existing ad-hoc method of real-time configuration, a new waveform-based server, pre-configured with sequences of N-dimensional values versus time, autonomously ensures that the system is re-configured at precisely the correct time. This paper describes the design choices, software architecture, integration and preliminary testing of the new waveform-based server. In particular, considerable effort was put into reducing the impact of changing already established and tested behaviour.
{"title":"Test-driven software upgrade of the LHC beam-based feedback systems","authors":"D. Alves, K. Fuchsberger, S. Jackson, J. Wenninger","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2016.7543106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2016.7543106","url":null,"abstract":"The beam-based feedback system is essential for the operation of the LHC. It comprises two C++ servers: a FESA-based (framework for real-time systems developed at CERN) acquisition and configuration proxy, and a non FESA-based controller which sanitises the acquisition data and feeds it to multiple real-time feedback algorithms (orbit control, radialloop control and tune control) ensuring a stable orbit of the LHC's beams. Responsibility for the further development and maintenance of the servers was recently transferred to a new team, who have made considerable efforts to document the existing system as well as improve its operational reliability, performance, maintainability and compliance with CERN's software and operational standards. Software changes are accompanied by rigorous unit-testing with future releases tested outside the operational environment, thus minimizing the potential for beam downtime. This approach has proven very effective during re-commissioning for LHC's run 2, where the systems underwent significant changes. In a bid to homogenize operational procedures for configuring LHC systems, a demand to improve the real-time configuration of the system's feedback references and optics was identified. To replace the existing ad-hoc method of real-time configuration, a new waveform-based server, pre-configured with sequences of N-dimensional values versus time, autonomously ensures that the system is re-configured at precisely the correct time. This paper describes the design choices, software architecture, integration and preliminary testing of the new waveform-based server. In particular, considerable effort was put into reducing the impact of changing already established and tested behaviour.","PeriodicalId":383702,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference (RT)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121954422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-06DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2016.7543125
H. Kleines, P. Wustner, M. Drochner, A. Ackens, M. Ramm, S. van Waasen
The Micro Vertex Detector (MVD) will be used as the central tracking detector in the PANDA (AntiProton Annihilation at Darmstadt) detector system which is under development for the future accelerator facility FAIR in Darmstadt, Germany. The design of the MVD is based on silicon strip detectors at the outer layer and on silicon pixel detectors at the inner layers. Data from the readout ASICs in the front end will be sent via GBT optical links to a multiplexing layer aggregating them to 10 Gbit/s optical uplinks to the Level-1 Trigger network. The multiplexing layer will be based on MTCA.4 using the HGF-AMC, a versatile MTCA.4 module developed by DESY in cooperation with KIT. In order to extend the multiplexing capabilities of the HGF-AMC, a Rear Transition Module (RTM) with 8 optical links has been designed.
{"title":"Concentrator for the readout of the PANDA Micro Vertex Detector based on MicroTCA","authors":"H. Kleines, P. Wustner, M. Drochner, A. Ackens, M. Ramm, S. van Waasen","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2016.7543125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2016.7543125","url":null,"abstract":"The Micro Vertex Detector (MVD) will be used as the central tracking detector in the PANDA (AntiProton Annihilation at Darmstadt) detector system which is under development for the future accelerator facility FAIR in Darmstadt, Germany. The design of the MVD is based on silicon strip detectors at the outer layer and on silicon pixel detectors at the inner layers. Data from the readout ASICs in the front end will be sent via GBT optical links to a multiplexing layer aggregating them to 10 Gbit/s optical uplinks to the Level-1 Trigger network. The multiplexing layer will be based on MTCA.4 using the HGF-AMC, a versatile MTCA.4 module developed by DESY in cooperation with KIT. In order to extend the multiplexing capabilities of the HGF-AMC, a Rear Transition Module (RTM) with 8 optical links has been designed.","PeriodicalId":383702,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference (RT)","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117026487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-06DOI: 10.1109/RTC.2016.7543168
S. Mastroianni, R. D. Di Stefano, O. Escalante, M. Iacovacci, F. Marignetti
Laser calibration facilities play a key role in the study and characterization of detectors like electromagnetic or hadronic calorimeters. They can be operated both during physics data taking and off run. Typically these facilities are based on a lasers source which deliver light to each detector element via a light distribution system. The laser control system typically manages the interface between the experiment and the laser source, allowing the generation of light pulses according to specific needs as detector calibration, study of detector performance in running conditions, evaluation of DAQ performance. Any specific implementation depends on hardware features. As an example light pulses could be generated according to a physics distribution as it appens in physics run or real data taking. In this case light pulses should be generated according to a pattern which follows a programmable function and changes on a statistical base event by event. In this work we present a laser control system for calibration of a calorimeter. It is a custom solution based on an hybrid platform hosting an FPGA and an ARM processor. We present the system architecture and the performances of a preliminary implementation.
{"title":"The laser control system for a calibration facility of light detector","authors":"S. Mastroianni, R. D. Di Stefano, O. Escalante, M. Iacovacci, F. Marignetti","doi":"10.1109/RTC.2016.7543168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RTC.2016.7543168","url":null,"abstract":"Laser calibration facilities play a key role in the study and characterization of detectors like electromagnetic or hadronic calorimeters. They can be operated both during physics data taking and off run. Typically these facilities are based on a lasers source which deliver light to each detector element via a light distribution system. The laser control system typically manages the interface between the experiment and the laser source, allowing the generation of light pulses according to specific needs as detector calibration, study of detector performance in running conditions, evaluation of DAQ performance. Any specific implementation depends on hardware features. As an example light pulses could be generated according to a physics distribution as it appens in physics run or real data taking. In this case light pulses should be generated according to a pattern which follows a programmable function and changes on a statistical base event by event. In this work we present a laser control system for calibration of a calorimeter. It is a custom solution based on an hybrid platform hosting an FPGA and an ARM processor. We present the system architecture and the performances of a preliminary implementation.","PeriodicalId":383702,"journal":{"name":"2016 IEEE-NPSS Real Time Conference (RT)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128144291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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