Materials Science and Engineering: A最新文献

{"title":"Achieving heterogeneous microstructure and enhanced strength-ductility synergy in Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy via corrugated-flat rolling process","authors":"Ruiqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhixiong Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Chen ,&nbsp;Jianchao Han ,&nbsp;Zhongkai Ren ,&nbsp;Changjiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinxiong Hou ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Tao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>It is an important way to realize the strengthening and toughening of titanium alloy materials by preparing multi-scale microstructure. In this study, the heterostructures of lamellar coarse grains and equiaxed ultrafine grains were constructed in three plates with different microstructures by the corrugated-flat rolling process. Among them, with the help of the cyclic fluctuation load applied to the plates by the first pass of the corrugated roller, the effect of local grain refinement was realized, and the overall grain size was further refined by subsequent multi-pass flat rolling. The large-sized grains retained after corrugated rolling were stretched along the rolling direction to form short lamellar coarse grains. At the same time, the equiaxed ultrafine grains refined by the recrystallization mechanism exhibited random texture orientation, which weakened the overall texture strength of the plate. By constructing the heterostructure, the ultimate tensile strength of the plates were increased to 1205 MPa, 1215 MPa, and 1223 MPa, the fracture elongation were increased to 17 %, 15 %, and 14.8 %, respectively. Among them, the ultimate tensile strength of the plate with the best performance was 1215 MPa, and the elongation at break reached 15 %. The excellent strength-toughness matching of the plate was due to its unique micro-heterostructure, which allowed many geometrically necessary dislocations to be stored at the heterogeneous boundary, resulting in additional heterogeneous deformation-induced strengthening and hardening. The high strength of the plate could also be attributed to the synergistic strengthening of various strengthening mechanisms such as fine grain strengthening and dislocation strengthening.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"933 ","pages":"Article 148260"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a novel heat treatment in L-PBF fabricated high strength A205 Al alloy: Impact on microstructure-mechanical properties","authors":"Francesco Careri ,&nbsp;Raja H.U. Khan ,&nbsp;Talal Alshammari ,&nbsp;Moataz M. Attallah","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent advances in the additive manufacturing of high-strength aluminium alloys have enabled the replacement of cast components in the aerospace and automotive sectors. However, a major challenge facing additively manufactured alloys is the lack of standardised heat treatments (HT) to optimise mechanical properties. This study investigates the development of a novel Rapid HT and its influence on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the A205 aluminium alloy (A20X™) fabricated by Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF). The alloy was subjected to three HTs: Standard T7 HT, Commercial HT, and Rapid HT. Microstructural analysis, using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), revealed a finer grain size for Commercial HT and Rapid HT, with average grain sizes of 2.4 μm and 2.3 μm, respectively, compared to the average 3.2 μm of the Standard T7. STEM analysis revealed a higher volume fraction and finer Ω-AlCuAgMg and ϑ'-Al₂Cu precipitates in the Rapid HT compared to the other HTs. Mechanical tests highlighted superior performance for the Rapid HT, achieving a UTS of 465 MPa, compared to the values of 422 MPa and 449 MPa for Standard T7 HT and Commercial HT, respectively. Additionally, the Rapid HT showed an increase in fatigue life of around 189 % and 125 % and in creep life of around 33 % and 80 % compared to Standard T7 HT and Commercial HT, respectively. These findings highlight the novelty of the Rapid HT in refining microstructure and enhancing mechanical properties beyond conventional HTs, paving the way for more efficient and sustainable HT strategies for L-PBF manufactured high-strength Al alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"933 ","pages":"Article 148278"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Cu distribution on the transformation temperatures and mechanical behavior of NiTi-based alloys fabricated by laser powder bed fusion and heat treatment","authors":"F.L. Shen ,&nbsp;C.C. Li ,&nbsp;T.J. Ma ,&nbsp;L.T. Pan ,&nbsp;W.H. Xin ,&nbsp;S.Z. Niu ,&nbsp;X.Y. Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148288","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148288","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ni_50.1Ti_48.9Cu₁ ternary shape memory alloys were synthesized with NiTi and pure Cu powders using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) for the first time. The incorporation of 1 at.% Cu leads to a reduction in transformation temperature (TTs) of more than 80 °C and a decreased transformation hysteresis. Cu segregation tends to occur along melt pool boundary and promotes the formation of intermediate phases of B19 and R, which contribute to the reduced hysteresis and enhanced nano-hardness from 3 GPa to 5 GPa. The critical stress of martensitic transformation was significantly improved and higher than the critical resolved shear stress for plastic deformation due to Cu addition. Post heat treatment at 350 °C raises TTs by approximately 50 °C, leading to shape memory and superelastic effects while keeping the relatively high critical stress of martensitic transformation. The total recoverable strains of 10 % and 9 % for the samples fabricated at both high and low energy densities were obtained after a cyclic compressive strain of 10 %, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"933 ","pages":"Article 148288"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of substructure on the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of twinning-induced plasticity steels fabricated by laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Yongtao Hu ,&nbsp;Fulin Liu ,&nbsp;Yao Chen ,&nbsp;Lang Li ,&nbsp;Hong Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao He ,&nbsp;Chong Wang ,&nbsp;Yongjie Liu ,&nbsp;Qingyuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dense dislocation entanglement and cellular structures impart unprecedented mechanical properties to materials manufactured using laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). However, the interaction between substructures, twins, and dislocations during deformation remains a topic of debate. In this study, the intrinsic strengthening mechanisms and deformation behavior of LPBF twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels subjected to various heat treatment methods were thoroughly investegated. The results reveal that the high strength primarily arises from dislocation strengthening, accounting for over 50 % of the yield strength in LPBF TWIP steels. Additionally, annealing at 400 °C preserves yield strength through stabilized dislocation configurations, whereas annealing at 600 °C, 800 °C, and 1050 °C leads to a substantial attenuation in dislocation density, thereby reducing yield strength. The high density of dislocations, coupled with pre-existing stacking faults (SFs), results in significant lattice distortion. Consequently, dislocation slip is hindered, raising the twinning stress and reducing twin thickness during deformation. In contrast to the hardening effect attributed to secondary twin variants after annealing at 800 °C, the as-built materials demonstrate ongoing softening, resulting in localized plastic deformation that concentrates at grain and twin boundaries until failure occurs. Furthermore, localized dislocation cross-slip generates steps and forms Lomer-Cottrell (L-C) locks in the as-built materials. This study provides valuable insights into the underlying mechanisms influencing the strength and ductility of LPBF TWIP steels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"933 ","pages":"Article 148269"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From microtubes to cardiovascular stents: a complex characterization of microstructure and mechanical performance of Mg-10Dy-1Nd-1Zn-0.2Zr alloy","authors":"Patrik Dobroň ,&nbsp;Daria Drozdenko ,&nbsp;Paul Loose ,&nbsp;Huu Chánh Trinh","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The performance of cardiovascular stents prepared by laser cutting strongly depends on microstructure of microtubes from which they are made. The present paper provides a comprehensive view of the relationship between microstructure and mechanical properties from the semi-product to the final Mg-10Dy-1Nd-1Zn-0.2Zr (Resoloy®) stent. Firstly, a microtube with an outer diameter of 1.8 mm and a wall thickness of 0.15 mm was subjected to tensile and drift-expanding tests at room temperature (RT) to determine its deformation behavior under different loading conditions. Simultaneous monitoring of acoustic emission (AE) activity during tensile loading provided information on dynamic changes in the material caused by deformation mechanisms. The evolution of microstructure and texture was determined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), including backscattered electron (BSE) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques. In addition, the strain state and the dislocation glide activity were characterized using the kernel average misorientation (KAM) and grain orientation spread (GOS) analyses. The combination of a homogeneous fine-grained microstructure (∼5 μm) and preferential orientation of the basal (0001) planes tilted approximately 45° from the extrusion direction (ED) was found to result in a very good formability represented by an elongation of about 40 % and an average expansion of (22 ± 3) %. Furthermore, dislocation-driven plastic deformation with a negligible contribution of twinning was confirmed by SEM and AE techniques. Moreover, considering the potential application of the investigated material, additional tests have been performed to determine the mechanical performance with respect to degradation environment. Particularly, the radial compression tests were carried out on samples crimped and expanded to different diameter (3, 3.5 and 4 mm) of stents before immersion (non-degraded state) as well as after degradation in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) to reveal dependence between expansion diameter and degradation in corrosive environments at 37 °C. It was found that the corrosion rates do not depend significantly on the expansion diameter for both HBSS and PBS solutions. Despite faster stent degradation in PBS than in HBSS, it is more homogeneous in PBS as shown by SEM imaging. Comparing the radial force for pre- and post-degradation stents, it was revealed that the force decreases only slightly for 3.5 and 4.0 mm, what indicates that the stent can retain its mechanical performance even after degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"933 ","pages":"Article 148274"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrastrong nanocrystalline FeCoNiCr high entropy alloy with outstanding thermal stability","authors":"Guoying Liu,&nbsp;Youyue Jiang,&nbsp;Chenjing Ma,&nbsp;Zhen Yuan,&nbsp;Baoru Sun,&nbsp;Tongde Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>FeCoNiCr-based high-entropy alloys (HEAs) exhibit excellent irradiation resistance and outstanding mechanical performance, particularly at cryogenic temperatures, rendering them strong candidates for manufacturing high-performance parts in extreme environments. Nanocrystalline (NC) FeCoNiCr-based HEAs exhibit greater strength compared to their coarse-grained (CG) equivalents. Yet, their thermal stability is often subpar. The reason is that the nanograins experience considerable coarsening upon heating to a temperature between 0.4 and 0.6 of their melting point (<em>T</em>_m). In this work, we report an NC FeCoNiCr HEA, containing 1 at% lanthanum (NC FeCoNiCr-La HEA), synthesized via mechanical alloying (MA) and high temperature &amp; high pressure (HTHP) sintering methods, with an average grain diameter of 59 nm and an exceptionally high hardness of 715 HV, displaying prominent thermal stability up to 1000 °C (0.74<em>T</em>_m). The thermal stability is explained by the segregation of elemental lanthanum and La-O-rich nanoprecipitates (NPs) at the grain boundaries (GBs).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"933 ","pages":"Article 148282"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143777590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the plasticity of transition-metal-based high-entropy bulk metallic glasses via Ag-induced phase separation","authors":"Xueru Fan ,&nbsp;Lei Xie ,&nbsp;Qiang Li ,&nbsp;Chuntao Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-entropy bulk metallic glasses (HE-BMGs) exhibit unique combinations of mechanical and magnetic properties due to their complex compositions. This study investigates the effects of minor Ag additions on the glass-forming ability (GFA), thermal stability, and mechanical behavior of [Fe_0.25Co_0.25Ni_0.25(Si_0.3B_0.7)_0.25]_100-xAg_x (x = 0, 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 at.%) HE-BMGs. Results indicate that Ag promotes phase separation, introducing nanoscale heterogeneity, which enhances plasticity and mechanical performance. Optimal Ag content (0.3 at.%) achieved an 15.7 % plastic strain and 3875 MPa yield strength, attributed to the formation of short-range ordered structures and shear transformation zones. These nanoscale heterogeneities acted as pinning sites, facilitating shear-band branching and stable deformation. Excessive Ag content, however, induced brittle phase formation and structural stress, reducing plasticity. Furthermore, the saturation magnetization peaked at 0.84 T with minimal degradation of GFA. These findings highlight the potential of controlled phase separation in designing HE-BMGs with superior strength-ductility synergy for advanced structural applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"932 ","pages":"Article 148281"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced ductility and strength of Al3Ti particles modified AA2024 alloys produced by laser powder bed fusion","authors":"Changyang Fang ,&nbsp;Zhenhua Fan ,&nbsp;Chenghao Liu ,&nbsp;Tiankuang Ding ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Liu ,&nbsp;Hao Qiu ,&nbsp;Yunzhong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148289","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148289","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Particle-reinforced Al alloys prepared by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) have excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. Due to the similar crystal structure and excellent nucleation ability with Al, L1₂-Al₃Ti particle is chosen for the nucleant for Al instead of D0₂₂-Al₃Ti. In this paper, we obtained an L1₂-Al₃Ti particle-reinforced Al alloy by adding D0₂₂-Al₃Ti. The microstructure of the alloy was significantly refined, and its printability was notably improved. Specifically, the resulting microstructure consisted of fine equiaxed grains with an average size of 1 μm, attributed to the formation of L1₂-Al₃Ti particles. These particles act as effective heterogeneous nucleation sites for the α-Al matrix, facilitating heterogeneous nucleation and promoting grain refinement. The elimination of columnar grains and suppression of cracks resulted in the 3.2%Al₃Ti-modified as-printed sample exhibiting excellent mechanical properties, with an ultimate tensile strength of 425 MPa and an elongation of 13.9 %. After T6 heat treatment, the mechanical performance was further enhanced due to the combined effects of residual stresses elimination and aging strengthening, achieving an ultimate tensile strength of 533 MPa and an elongation of 14.8 %. This new intermetallic reinforced Al alloy provides new ideas and insights for obtaining strength-toughness synergy between Al alloys and their composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"933 ","pages":"Article 148289"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced creep resistance induced by synergistic effects between Fe and P in Ni-based model alloy","authors":"Shaowei Li ,&nbsp;Fang Liu ,&nbsp;Wenru Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The segregation behavior of phosphorus (P) and its effects on microstructures and creep properties (650 °C/120 MPa) of NiCr (0Fe) and NiCrFe (15Fe) model alloys were systematically investigated. The alloy with combined additions of Fe and P demonstrates superior creep resistance, which results from the precipitation of nano-sized γ′ phase. This phenomenon is attributed to the synergistic effect of Fe and P, which facilitates the redistribution of P atoms from grain boundaries into the γ′ phase. The primary deformation mechanism involves dislocations shearing of γ′ phase. Conversely, individual addition of P in 0Fe alloy results in a slight deterioration of creep rupture life, where only dislocation slip predominates as the deformation mechanism. This work contributes valuable insights into the interaction between Fe and P concerning creep properties and offers guidance for future microalloying designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"933 ","pages":"Article 148277"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143785243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laser directed energy deposition of thin-walled GH4099 superalloy with gradient microstructure and mechanical properties","authors":"Xinyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Shiyu Wang ,&nbsp;Yongfeng Liang ,&nbsp;Yingchao Guo ,&nbsp;Zhichao Guo ,&nbsp;Feng Yi ,&nbsp;Junpin Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.msea.2025.148283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study used laser-directed energy deposition(L-DED) to manufacture a GH4099 superalloy thin-walled structure with a gradient microstructure and mechanical properties. A systematic analysis examined the heat-driven changes in microstructure and both microscopic and macroscopic mechanical properties along the build direction. Columnar crystal epitaxial growth increased from bottom to top, while heat flow transformed intergranular impurities into tiny columnar crystals. Non-equilibrium solidification dendrites introduced fluctuations in elastic modulus and hardness. The substantial increase in microscopic mechanical properties observed with height primarily stemmed from variations in γ' characteristics with respect to height. The increase in grain size and precipitate size leads to a gradual decrease in the gradient of macroscopic mechanical properties from bottom to top. Intragranular carbides are primarily attributed to the γ/γ' interface and regions near dislocations, whereas intergranular carbides grow along specific orientations and are pinned at grain boundaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":385,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science and Engineering: A","volume":"933 ","pages":"Article 148283"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}