Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-33992019000100202
Mario Durán Migliardi
espanolEl objetivo de este trabajo es analizar y sistematizar la importante reforma realizada por la ley n° 20.968, especialmente en lo relativo a la figura base del delito de tortura. Para ello, ademas de defender la idea de que incorpora un nuevo bien juridico protegido denominado integridad moral, se ofrece una interpretacion de los elementos tipicos, objetivos y subjetivos, que incorpora la nueva figura. Todo, con el fin de contribuir a una interpretacion de esta que, sin violar las normas de la correcta hermeneutica y principios generales de la dogmatica penal, intente arribar a soluciones dogmaticas correctas, idoneas y sobre todo respetuosas de las garantias fundamentales. EnglishThe objective of this work is to analyze and systematize the important reform made by Law n ° 20.968, especially as regards the basic figure of the crime of torture. For this, in addition to defending the idea that it incorporates a new protected legal good called moral integrity, it offers an interpretation of the typical, objective and subjective elements, which incorporates the new figure. Everything, in order to contribute to an interpretation of this that, without violating the norms of correct hermeneutics and general principles of criminal dogmatics, try to arrive at correct dogmatic solutions, suitable and above all respectful of fundamental guarantees.
{"title":"Propuestas para la delimitación típica e interpretación sistemática del nuevo delito de tortura y su bien jurídico protegido","authors":"Mario Durán Migliardi","doi":"10.4067/S0718-33992019000100202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-33992019000100202","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl objetivo de este trabajo es analizar y sistematizar la importante reforma realizada por la ley n° 20.968, especialmente en lo relativo a la figura base del delito de tortura. Para ello, ademas de defender la idea de que incorpora un nuevo bien juridico protegido denominado integridad moral, se ofrece una interpretacion de los elementos tipicos, objetivos y subjetivos, que incorpora la nueva figura. Todo, con el fin de contribuir a una interpretacion de esta que, sin violar las normas de la correcta hermeneutica y principios generales de la dogmatica penal, intente arribar a soluciones dogmaticas correctas, idoneas y sobre todo respetuosas de las garantias fundamentales. EnglishThe objective of this work is to analyze and systematize the important reform made by Law n ° 20.968, especially as regards the basic figure of the crime of torture. For this, in addition to defending the idea that it incorporates a new protected legal good called moral integrity, it offers an interpretation of the typical, objective and subjective elements, which incorporates the new figure. Everything, in order to contribute to an interpretation of this that, without violating the norms of correct hermeneutics and general principles of criminal dogmatics, try to arrive at correct dogmatic solutions, suitable and above all respectful of fundamental guarantees.","PeriodicalId":38693,"journal":{"name":"Politica Criminal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43489024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-33992019000100606
José Luis Guzmán Dalbora
espanolEl articulo repasa el concepto de autoritarismo en la Filosofia politica y los conceptos de personalidad, caracter y actitudes autoritarias en la Piscologia social. Con sus elementos comunes construye el concepto de mentalidad autoritaria. Este concepto permite ilustrar las actitudes punitivas de los profanos, pero tambien las inclinaciones fundamentales del pensamiento penal autoritario. EnglishThe article reviews the concept of authoritarianism in Political Philosophy and the concepts of authoritarian personality, authoritative character and authoritarian attitudes in Social Psychology. With its common elements, it constructs the concept of authoritarian mind. This concept allows to illustrate the punitive attitudes of the common citizen, but also the fundamental inclinations of the authoritarian criminal thinking
{"title":"Mentalidad autoritaria, actitudes punitivas y pensamiento penal: un esbozo","authors":"José Luis Guzmán Dalbora","doi":"10.4067/S0718-33992019000100606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-33992019000100606","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl articulo repasa el concepto de autoritarismo en la Filosofia politica y los conceptos de personalidad, caracter y actitudes autoritarias en la Piscologia social. Con sus elementos comunes construye el concepto de mentalidad autoritaria. Este concepto permite ilustrar las actitudes punitivas de los profanos, pero tambien las inclinaciones fundamentales del pensamiento penal autoritario. EnglishThe article reviews the concept of authoritarianism in Political Philosophy and the concepts of authoritarian personality, authoritative character and authoritarian attitudes in Social Psychology. With its common elements, it constructs the concept of authoritarian mind. This concept allows to illustrate the punitive attitudes of the common citizen, but also the fundamental inclinations of the authoritarian criminal thinking","PeriodicalId":38693,"journal":{"name":"Politica Criminal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44963052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-33992019000100173
A. B. Rodríguez
espanolEl articulo examina el problema de derecho intertemporal penal consistente en la formacion de la lex tertia, esto es, la combinacion de las normas mas favorables al imputado existentes al momento de la comision del hecho y las normas mas favorables existentes al momento de la sentencia, formando para el caso un sistema compuesto por normas que nunca han tenido vigencia conjuntamente en el sistema juridico. Se revisa la posicion contraria a su formacion y la posicion favorable a su formacion, incluyendo la jurisprudencia reciente de la Corte Suprema de Chile, y se propone una via intermedia consistente en la aceptacion de la formacion de lex tertia siempre que ello no fraccione lo que se denomina como “unidad de valoracion legislativa”. Este tambien es un concepto intermedio entre la unidad institucional del sistema de normas y la unidad analitica de cada norma individual. EnglishThe paper examines the problem of the criminal law of intertemporal conflicts known as the construction of the lex tertia, that is, the combination of the milder norms existing at the time of the commission of the fact and the milder norms existing at the time of the adjudicative decision, forming for the case a system composed of norms that have never been valid jointly in the legal system. The position against to its construction and the position in favour to it are reviewed, including the recent jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of Chile, and an intermediate way is proposed, that is, the acceptance of the construction of lex tertia as long as it does not split what it is called as “legal assessment unit”. This is also an intermediate concept between the institutional unit of the system of norms and the analytical unit of each individual norm.
{"title":"La formación de lex tertia: una defensa diferenciada","authors":"A. B. Rodríguez","doi":"10.4067/S0718-33992019000100173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-33992019000100173","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl articulo examina el problema de derecho intertemporal penal consistente en la formacion de la lex tertia, esto es, la combinacion de las normas mas favorables al imputado existentes al momento de la comision del hecho y las normas mas favorables existentes al momento de la sentencia, formando para el caso un sistema compuesto por normas que nunca han tenido vigencia conjuntamente en el sistema juridico. Se revisa la posicion contraria a su formacion y la posicion favorable a su formacion, incluyendo la jurisprudencia reciente de la Corte Suprema de Chile, y se propone una via intermedia consistente en la aceptacion de la formacion de lex tertia siempre que ello no fraccione lo que se denomina como “unidad de valoracion legislativa”. Este tambien es un concepto intermedio entre la unidad institucional del sistema de normas y la unidad analitica de cada norma individual. EnglishThe paper examines the problem of the criminal law of intertemporal conflicts known as the construction of the lex tertia, that is, the combination of the milder norms existing at the time of the commission of the fact and the milder norms existing at the time of the adjudicative decision, forming for the case a system composed of norms that have never been valid jointly in the legal system. The position against to its construction and the position in favour to it are reviewed, including the recent jurisprudence of the Supreme Court of Chile, and an intermediate way is proposed, that is, the acceptance of the construction of lex tertia as long as it does not split what it is called as “legal assessment unit”. This is also an intermediate concept between the institutional unit of the system of norms and the analytical unit of each individual norm.","PeriodicalId":38693,"journal":{"name":"Politica Criminal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46128839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-33992019000100520
Demelsa Benito Sánchez
espanolCorruption has been in the agenda of the European Union for decades due to its devastating effects on the political and economic systems of the EU Member States, and on the European Union itself. Therefore, with the aim of combating corruption, the European Union has adopted a wide list of legal instruments since the middle of the nineties that Member States shall implement and enforce. This paper offers a critical review of the main instruments, from the first initiatives, adopted already two decades ago, until the most recent ones, focusing on the criminal law obligations they impose on the Member States. Likewise, it analyses the implementation and enforcement of such documents by Member States, with the final purpose of assessing if the European Union criminal policy against corruption is working correctly or, by contrast, needs to be improved. EnglishLa corrupcion ha estado presente en la agenda de la Union Europea desde hace decadas debido a sus devastadores efectos sobre los sistemas politicos y economicos de los Estados Miembros, y sobre la propia Union Europea. Por eso, y con el objetivo de combatir la corrupcion, desde mediados de los anos noventa, la Union Europea ha adoptado un amplio listado de instrumentos legales que los Estados Miembros deben implementar y aplicar. Este trabajo ofrece una revision critica de los principales instrumentos, desde los primeros, adoptados hace ya dos decadas, hasta los mas recientes, poniendo el enfasis en las obligaciones penales que ellos imponen a los Estados miembros. Igualmente, este trabajo analiza como esta siendo la implementacion y aplicacion de tales instrumentos por los Estados Miembros, con el objetivo final de valorar si la politica criminal de la Union Europea contra la corrupcion esta funcionando correctamente o si, por el contrario, necesita una mejora.
{"title":"The European Union Criminal Policy against Corruption: Two Decades of Efforts","authors":"Demelsa Benito Sánchez","doi":"10.4067/s0718-33992019000100520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-33992019000100520","url":null,"abstract":"espanolCorruption has been in the agenda of the European Union for decades due to its devastating effects on the political and economic systems of the EU Member States, and on the European Union itself. Therefore, with the aim of combating corruption, the European Union has adopted a wide list of legal instruments since the middle of the nineties that Member States shall implement and enforce. This paper offers a critical review of the main instruments, from the first initiatives, adopted already two decades ago, until the most recent ones, focusing on the criminal law obligations they impose on the Member States. Likewise, it analyses the implementation and enforcement of such documents by Member States, with the final purpose of assessing if the European Union criminal policy against corruption is working correctly or, by contrast, needs to be improved. EnglishLa corrupcion ha estado presente en la agenda de la Union Europea desde hace decadas debido a sus devastadores efectos sobre los sistemas politicos y economicos de los Estados Miembros, y sobre la propia Union Europea. Por eso, y con el objetivo de combatir la corrupcion, desde mediados de los anos noventa, la Union Europea ha adoptado un amplio listado de instrumentos legales que los Estados Miembros deben implementar y aplicar. Este trabajo ofrece una revision critica de los principales instrumentos, desde los primeros, adoptados hace ya dos decadas, hasta los mas recientes, poniendo el enfasis en las obligaciones penales que ellos imponen a los Estados miembros. Igualmente, este trabajo analiza como esta siendo la implementacion y aplicacion de tales instrumentos por los Estados Miembros, con el objetivo final de valorar si la politica criminal de la Union Europea contra la corrupcion esta funcionando correctamente o si, por el contrario, necesita una mejora.","PeriodicalId":38693,"journal":{"name":"Politica Criminal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4067/s0718-33992019000100520","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70193133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-33992019000100376
Christian Scheechler Corona
espanolLa convergencia entre la delincuencia sexual y las denominadas tecnologias de la informacion y las comunicaciones han permitido el surgimiento de una serie de fenomenos penalmente relevantes, como el sexting o el cibergrooming. Estos cobran especial importancia por la participacion de menores de edad, incluso a veces excluyendo a los adultos, lo que genera problemas a la hora de intentar incardinarlos en algunos tipos del Codigo Penal chileno, que protegen la libertad, indemnidad o intimidad sexual de aquellos. En este trabajo, centraremos el analisis en el primero de los fenomenos nombrados. Se intentara identificar los elementos caracteristicos del sexting, para asi delimitarlo y diferenciarlo de otras conductas similares; posteriormente se hara un acercamiento conceptual al mismo, sobre todo considerando su tratamiento en el Derecho y la doctrina comparada; se revisaran los principales fundamentos a favor y en contra de su criminalizacion; y finalmente, se pretende determinar si es posible subsumirlo en los delitos de pornografia infanto-juvenil o en aquellos tipificados en el art. 161-A de nuestro Codigo, que es la forma que legislaciones como la espanola o la estadounidense han utilizado para estos efectos. EnglishConvergence between sexual delinquency and the information and communication technologies has allowed the emergence of a series of criminally relevant phenomena, such as sexting or cybergrooming. These phenomena become particularly important given the involvement of minors –sometimes even with the exclusion of adults -which raises the issue of trying to subsume these phenomena into criminal offences under the Chilean law, which protects their sexual freedom, indemnity, or privacy. In this paper, I will focus on the analysis of the first of said phenomena. I will try to identify the characteristic elements of sexting, in order to delimit it and differentiate it from other similar behaviors; later, I will provide a conceptual approach to the subjetc, with special consideration of its treatment in Law and comparative doctrine; will review the main foundations in favor and against their criminalization; finally, I aims to determine whether the subsumption of sexting is posible under the offences of infantile-juvenile pornography or those typified in the art. 161-A of our criminal code, as it is the way in which other legislations, such as the Spanish and American, have dealt with the matter.
{"title":"Aspectos fenomenológicos y políticos-criminales del sexting. Aproximación a su tratamiento a la luz del Código Penal chileno","authors":"Christian Scheechler Corona","doi":"10.4067/S0718-33992019000100376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-33992019000100376","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLa convergencia entre la delincuencia sexual y las denominadas tecnologias de la informacion y las comunicaciones han permitido el surgimiento de una serie de fenomenos penalmente relevantes, como el sexting o el cibergrooming. Estos cobran especial importancia por la participacion de menores de edad, incluso a veces excluyendo a los adultos, lo que genera problemas a la hora de intentar incardinarlos en algunos tipos del Codigo Penal chileno, que protegen la libertad, indemnidad o intimidad sexual de aquellos. En este trabajo, centraremos el analisis en el primero de los fenomenos nombrados. Se intentara identificar los elementos caracteristicos del sexting, para asi delimitarlo y diferenciarlo de otras conductas similares; posteriormente se hara un acercamiento conceptual al mismo, sobre todo considerando su tratamiento en el Derecho y la doctrina comparada; se revisaran los principales fundamentos a favor y en contra de su criminalizacion; y finalmente, se pretende determinar si es posible subsumirlo en los delitos de pornografia infanto-juvenil o en aquellos tipificados en el art. 161-A de nuestro Codigo, que es la forma que legislaciones como la espanola o la estadounidense han utilizado para estos efectos. EnglishConvergence between sexual delinquency and the information and communication technologies has allowed the emergence of a series of criminally relevant phenomena, such as sexting or cybergrooming. These phenomena become particularly important given the involvement of minors –sometimes even with the exclusion of adults -which raises the issue of trying to subsume these phenomena into criminal offences under the Chilean law, which protects their sexual freedom, indemnity, or privacy. In this paper, I will focus on the analysis of the first of said phenomena. I will try to identify the characteristic elements of sexting, in order to delimit it and differentiate it from other similar behaviors; later, I will provide a conceptual approach to the subjetc, with special consideration of its treatment in Law and comparative doctrine; will review the main foundations in favor and against their criminalization; finally, I aims to determine whether the subsumption of sexting is posible under the offences of infantile-juvenile pornography or those typified in the art. 161-A of our criminal code, as it is the way in which other legislations, such as the Spanish and American, have dealt with the matter.","PeriodicalId":38693,"journal":{"name":"Politica Criminal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45607981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-33992019000100491
Pablo Fuentealba-Carrasco, Juan S. Rojas-González, Beatriz E. Larraín-Martínez, Omar A. Barriga
espanolEn el actual contexto del punitivismo, la ciudadania hoy parece adherir poco a los principios penales y procesales-penales. Pero, ?es esta adhesion homogenea en la poblacion o varia de acuerdo a ciertos grupos o categorias? El objetivo del articulo ha sido comparar los niveles de adhesion a los principios penales de acuerdo al sexo, tramo etario, nivel educacional y adscripcion politica. Se utilizo la Escala de Adhesion a los Principios del Derecho Penal (EAPDP), compuesta por 46 items tipo Likert, aplicada a una muestra consecutiva de 369 casos en el Gran Concepcion, Chile. Se efectuo una caracterizacion simple empleando tecnicas bivariadas (t-Student y ANOVA) y pruebas post hoc. Los resultados mostraron que las mujeres, las personas con niveles educacionales mas bajos y las personas con orientacion politica de derecha, presentan menores niveles de apoyo a los principios penales tanto en la Escala General como en algunas subescalas. No se encontraron diferencias de acuerdo al tramo etario. Asi, la investigacion profundiza en este nuevo tema vinculado al ambito del punitivismo y la sociologia juridica. EnglishIn the current context of the punitivism, citizenry seems not to adhere to the principles of Criminal and Procedural Criminal Law. But, is the adherence homogeneous in the population or it variates according to the studied group? The aim of this paper has been to compare the levels of adherence to the principles of Criminal according to sex, age stretch, educational level and political adscription. The Scale of Adherence to the Principles of Criminal Law (SAPCL) was used, composed of 46 Likert-Type items, applied to a consecutive sample, made up by 369 cases in the Greater Metropolitan Area of Concepcion, Chile. A simple characterization was effected, using bivariate techniques (t-Student and ANOVA) and post hoc tests. The results shown that women, people with lower educational levels and right-wing political adscription, exhibit lower levels of support toward the principles of Criminal Law, both in the General Scale and in some subscales. None differences according to the age were found. Thus, this research enables us to deepen on this new topic, linked with the subjects of punitivism and Sociology of Law.
{"title":"¿Quiénes son las personas que menos apoyan los principios penales y procesales penales en la sociedad? Estudio piloto en el Gran Concepción, Chile","authors":"Pablo Fuentealba-Carrasco, Juan S. Rojas-González, Beatriz E. Larraín-Martínez, Omar A. Barriga","doi":"10.4067/S0718-33992019000100491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-33992019000100491","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEn el actual contexto del punitivismo, la ciudadania hoy parece adherir poco a los principios penales y procesales-penales. Pero, ?es esta adhesion homogenea en la poblacion o varia de acuerdo a ciertos grupos o categorias? El objetivo del articulo ha sido comparar los niveles de adhesion a los principios penales de acuerdo al sexo, tramo etario, nivel educacional y adscripcion politica. Se utilizo la Escala de Adhesion a los Principios del Derecho Penal (EAPDP), compuesta por 46 items tipo Likert, aplicada a una muestra consecutiva de 369 casos en el Gran Concepcion, Chile. Se efectuo una caracterizacion simple empleando tecnicas bivariadas (t-Student y ANOVA) y pruebas post hoc. Los resultados mostraron que las mujeres, las personas con niveles educacionales mas bajos y las personas con orientacion politica de derecha, presentan menores niveles de apoyo a los principios penales tanto en la Escala General como en algunas subescalas. No se encontraron diferencias de acuerdo al tramo etario. Asi, la investigacion profundiza en este nuevo tema vinculado al ambito del punitivismo y la sociologia juridica. EnglishIn the current context of the punitivism, citizenry seems not to adhere to the principles of Criminal and Procedural Criminal Law. But, is the adherence homogeneous in the population or it variates according to the studied group? The aim of this paper has been to compare the levels of adherence to the principles of Criminal according to sex, age stretch, educational level and political adscription. The Scale of Adherence to the Principles of Criminal Law (SAPCL) was used, composed of 46 Likert-Type items, applied to a consecutive sample, made up by 369 cases in the Greater Metropolitan Area of Concepcion, Chile. A simple characterization was effected, using bivariate techniques (t-Student and ANOVA) and post hoc tests. The results shown that women, people with lower educational levels and right-wing political adscription, exhibit lower levels of support toward the principles of Criminal Law, both in the General Scale and in some subscales. None differences according to the age were found. Thus, this research enables us to deepen on this new topic, linked with the subjects of punitivism and Sociology of Law.","PeriodicalId":38693,"journal":{"name":"Politica Criminal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47925506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-33992019000100065
Pilar Rey, Guillermo Benlloch, José R. Agustina
espanolEl delito de falso testimonio ha estado presente y sigue estandolo en los ordenamientos juridicos de todo tiempo y lugar. Podria decirse que alla donde existe un proceso judicial minimamente formalizado se ha advertido la necesidad de dotarlo de proteccion a traves de la incriminacion del falso testimonio. Ahora bien, esta universal tipificacion del delito de falso testimonio –que parece evidenciar la importante funcion de tutela que le atribuyen los distintos legisladores– contrasta paradojicamente con los niveles relativamente escasos de persecucion de este delito que se constatan en la practica de los tribunales. Para evidenciar y tratar de dimensionar este fenomeno –la escasa persecucion de este delito pese a no ser infrecuente su comision–, acudiremos al analisis de los datos estadisticos disponibles, asi como a las fuentes doctrinales y a los pronunciamientos de los tribunales. A la luz del analisis efectuado se sugieren nuevas lineas de investigacion y algunas cuestiones que requeririan una reformulacion de la politica criminal en relacion a la persecucion del falso testimonio. EnglishThe crime of false testimony has been and continues to be a figure of great relevance in the legal systems of all times. It could be said that whenever there is a minimally formalized process, there is a need to protect it through the incrimination of false testimony. Thus, in the different legal cultures, legislators from all over the world continue to punish the untruthful witness in order to preserve the proper administration of justice. However, as a paradox, despite the universal typification of the crime of false testimony -which seems to demonstrate the important role that the different legislators confer to this crime - in practice, there is a relatively low rate of prosecution for such crime. In order to measure the dimension of this phenomenon and demonstrate the low prosecution of this crime as well as the high level of dark figures, this paper uses the available statistical data, the doctrinal sources and the case-law. Finally, several relevant issues emerged from the analysis of the different implications and explanatory hypotheses concerning this paradoxical ascertainment. All these issues suggest the need to adopt new lines of research in an area of an undoubted significance for any justice system.
{"title":"La escasa persecución del delito de falso testimonio: una constatación paradójica","authors":"Pilar Rey, Guillermo Benlloch, José R. Agustina","doi":"10.4067/S0718-33992019000100065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-33992019000100065","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl delito de falso testimonio ha estado presente y sigue estandolo en los ordenamientos juridicos de todo tiempo y lugar. Podria decirse que alla donde existe un proceso judicial minimamente formalizado se ha advertido la necesidad de dotarlo de proteccion a traves de la incriminacion del falso testimonio. Ahora bien, esta universal tipificacion del delito de falso testimonio –que parece evidenciar la importante funcion de tutela que le atribuyen los distintos legisladores– contrasta paradojicamente con los niveles relativamente escasos de persecucion de este delito que se constatan en la practica de los tribunales. Para evidenciar y tratar de dimensionar este fenomeno –la escasa persecucion de este delito pese a no ser infrecuente su comision–, acudiremos al analisis de los datos estadisticos disponibles, asi como a las fuentes doctrinales y a los pronunciamientos de los tribunales. A la luz del analisis efectuado se sugieren nuevas lineas de investigacion y algunas cuestiones que requeririan una reformulacion de la politica criminal en relacion a la persecucion del falso testimonio. EnglishThe crime of false testimony has been and continues to be a figure of great relevance in the legal systems of all times. It could be said that whenever there is a minimally formalized process, there is a need to protect it through the incrimination of false testimony. Thus, in the different legal cultures, legislators from all over the world continue to punish the untruthful witness in order to preserve the proper administration of justice. However, as a paradox, despite the universal typification of the crime of false testimony -which seems to demonstrate the important role that the different legislators confer to this crime - in practice, there is a relatively low rate of prosecution for such crime. In order to measure the dimension of this phenomenon and demonstrate the low prosecution of this crime as well as the high level of dark figures, this paper uses the available statistical data, the doctrinal sources and the case-law. Finally, several relevant issues emerged from the analysis of the different implications and explanatory hypotheses concerning this paradoxical ascertainment. All these issues suggest the need to adopt new lines of research in an area of an undoubted significance for any justice system.","PeriodicalId":38693,"journal":{"name":"Politica Criminal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47640593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-33992019000100242
Juan Ignacio Piña Rochefort
espanolEl presente articulo intenta ofrecer una sistematizacion de los usualmente llamados “deberes de solidaridad”, proponiendo una forma de integracion en el sistema general de deberes cuya infraccion puede justificar una sancion penal. Para ello se ofrece una sucinta revision historica del rol que ha desempenado la solidaridad como estructura de cohesion social desde el surgimiento de las primeras comunidades humanas hasta alcanzar su relativamente marginal posicion actual en la sociedad funcionalmente diferenciada. Especial mencion se hace a la forma en que el Derecho la ha reconocido en distintas instituciones juridicas. Asimismo, se ofrece una propuesta para explicar el alcance de los deberes generales de solidaridad y la legitimidad de su conminacion con una pena en un Derecho penal liberal. EnglishThis paper seeks to offer a systematized approach towards the so-called “duties of solidarity”, proposing a form of integration between them and the general regime of duties the violation of which could potentially lead to criminal liability. To that effect, the paper includes a brief historical discussion of the role that has been assigned to solidarity, as a structure geared towards social cohesion, since the emergence of the first human communities, until they reach their current relatively marginal situation vis-a-vis functionally differentiated society. The paper contains a specific discussion on how the Law has recognized these duties of solidarity throughout various legal institutions. Likewise, it posits a proposal to explain the scope of the general duties of solidarity and the legitimacy of punishment through a penalty under liberal criminal law.
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Pub Date : 2019-06-01DOI: 10.4067/S0718-33992019000100599
Fernando Londoño Martínez, Francisco Maldonado Fuentes
espanolEl texto que aqui se reproduce corresponde en lo fundamental a la presentacion de un libro reciente (Clasicos de la literatura penal en Chile. La Revista de Ciencias Penales en el siglo XX: 1935-1995, 2 tomos, Valencia: Tirant Lo Blanch, 2018), cuya edicion fue encargada a los autores de este documento por el Instituto de Ciencias Penales. En aquel libro se republica una seleccion de ochenta articulos significativos de la Revista de Ciencias Penales, publicados originalmente entre 1935 y 1995. Junto con ofrecer detalles sobre el contexto y las personas que hicieron posible el libro, la presentacion sirve de algun modo para rendir un homenaje a la dogmatica chilena, asi como para renovar la conmemoracion de los ochenta anos del Instituto. EnglishThe following text is basically the presentation of a recent book (Clasicos de la literatura penal en Chile. La Revista de Ciencias Penales en el siglo XX: 1935-1995, 2 tomos, Valencia: Tirant Lo Blanch, 2018), whose edition was entrusted to the authors by the Instituto de Ciencias Penales. The book thus presented consists of a selection of eighty significant articles originally published in the Revista de Ciencias Penales, between 1935 and 1995. Along with giving details about the context and the people to whom the authors are grateful for the book, the presentation is also a way of paying homage to the Chilean criminal law doctrine, as well as to renew the commemoration of the Institute's eighty years since its foundation in 1937.
这里转载的西班牙语文本基本上与最近一本书（智利刑事文学经典）的介绍相对应。20世纪的刑事科学杂志：1935-1995，2卷，瓦伦西亚：Tirant lo Blanch，2018年），其版本由刑事科学研究所委托给该文件的作者。这本书重新出版了《刑法》杂志上80篇重要文章的选集，最初于1935年至1995年出版。除了提供有关背景和使这本书成为可能的人的细节外，该演讲还以某种方式向智利的教条致敬，并更新对该研究所80周年的纪念。以下文本主要是介绍一本新书（智利刑事文学经典）。20世纪的刑事科学杂志：1935-1995，2卷，瓦伦西亚：Tirant lo Blanch，2018年），其版本由刑事科学研究所委托给作者。因此，提交的这本书包括1935年至1995年期间在《刑事科学》杂志上发表的八篇重要文章的精选。除了详细介绍这本书的背景和作者感谢的人外，该演讲也是对智利刑法理论的致敬，也是对该研究所自1937年成立以来八十多年的纪念。
{"title":"Ochenta artículos para celebrar ochenta años: el Instituto de Ciencias Penales y los “clásicos” de su Revista de Ciencias Penales *","authors":"Fernando Londoño Martínez, Francisco Maldonado Fuentes","doi":"10.4067/S0718-33992019000100599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-33992019000100599","url":null,"abstract":"espanolEl texto que aqui se reproduce corresponde en lo fundamental a la presentacion de un libro reciente (Clasicos de la literatura penal en Chile. La Revista de Ciencias Penales en el siglo XX: 1935-1995, 2 tomos, Valencia: Tirant Lo Blanch, 2018), cuya edicion fue encargada a los autores de este documento por el Instituto de Ciencias Penales. En aquel libro se republica una seleccion de ochenta articulos significativos de la Revista de Ciencias Penales, publicados originalmente entre 1935 y 1995. Junto con ofrecer detalles sobre el contexto y las personas que hicieron posible el libro, la presentacion sirve de algun modo para rendir un homenaje a la dogmatica chilena, asi como para renovar la conmemoracion de los ochenta anos del Instituto. EnglishThe following text is basically the presentation of a recent book (Clasicos de la literatura penal en Chile. La Revista de Ciencias Penales en el siglo XX: 1935-1995, 2 tomos, Valencia: Tirant Lo Blanch, 2018), whose edition was entrusted to the authors by the Instituto de Ciencias Penales. The book thus presented consists of a selection of eighty significant articles originally published in the Revista de Ciencias Penales, between 1935 and 1995. Along with giving details about the context and the people to whom the authors are grateful for the book, the presentation is also a way of paying homage to the Chilean criminal law doctrine, as well as to renew the commemoration of the Institute's eighty years since its foundation in 1937.","PeriodicalId":38693,"journal":{"name":"Politica Criminal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43056385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-01DOI: 10.4067/s0718-33992018000200904
María Inés Horvitz Lennon
{"title":"La insostenible situación de la ejecución de las penas privativas de libertad: ¿vigencia del Estado de derecho o estado de naturaleza?","authors":"María Inés Horvitz Lennon","doi":"10.4067/s0718-33992018000200904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-33992018000200904","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":38693,"journal":{"name":"Politica Criminal","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70192792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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