The cascading of heteropolar memristors can simulate stability-plasticity synergy in biological neurons, enabling optimal brain-like adaptive learning. This functionality critically depends on precise modulation of resistive switching polarity. Nevertheless, stochastic switching behaviors and spatiotemporal inhomogeneity in two-dimensional (2D) memristors hinder the development of cascaded devices. Herein, we achieved a bioinspired application of cascaded bipolar-unipolar memristor architecture through a plasma-mediated polarity control strategy. The H2 plasma-modulated devices demonstrated superb overall performance and array-level scalability. A vacancy concentration-dependent polarity modulation mechanism was revealed, conclusively linking atomic-scale vacancies to macroscale functionality. Architecturally, coordinated bipolar-unipolar device integration enabled voltage-programmable four resistance states (2-bit) operation, merging rapid synaptic adaptation with persistent memory consolidation. Deployed in an artificial neural network (ANN), this 2-bit system attained 98.4 % classification accuracy comparable to a 32-bit benchmark while compressing memory requirements by 16-fold. This work propels the development of brain-inspired computing systems that combine biological fidelity with industrial scalability.
{"title":"Plasma-mediated polarity modulation in 2D ReS2 memristors for bio-inspired cascaded memristive architecture with stability-plasticity synergy","authors":"Anqi Cheng , Zirun Li , Feihong Huang , Yuxiang Zhang , Chunmiao Zhang , Feiya Xu , Xuanli Zheng , Xu Li , Zhiming Wu , Yaping Wu , Junyong Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The cascading of heteropolar memristors can simulate stability-plasticity synergy in biological neurons, enabling optimal brain-like adaptive learning. This functionality critically depends on precise modulation of resistive switching polarity. Nevertheless, stochastic switching behaviors and spatiotemporal inhomogeneity in two-dimensional (2D) memristors hinder the development of cascaded devices. Herein, we achieved a bioinspired application of cascaded bipolar-unipolar memristor architecture through a plasma-mediated polarity control strategy. The H<sub>2</sub> plasma-modulated devices demonstrated superb overall performance and array-level scalability. A vacancy concentration-dependent polarity modulation mechanism was revealed, conclusively linking atomic-scale vacancies to macroscale functionality. Architecturally, coordinated bipolar-unipolar device integration enabled voltage-programmable four resistance states (2-bit) operation, merging rapid synaptic adaptation with persistent memory consolidation. Deployed in an artificial neural network (ANN), this 2-bit system attained 98.4 % classification accuracy comparable to a 32-bit benchmark while compressing memory requirements by 16-fold. This work propels the development of brain-inspired computing systems that combine biological fidelity with industrial scalability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 124-131"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.004
Wenkang Wang , Xiangbing Zeng , Xiaoqiang Wang , Peng Xiao , Zhenzhong Tang , Shiqing Jing , Wei Zhang , Tao Shui , ZhengMing Sun
Hydrogels have emerged as promising materials for aqueous flexible energy storage devices (AFESDs) due to their exceptional properties, including high shape adaptability, intrinsic conductivity, biocompatibility, elasticity, and responsiveness to external stimuli. Among various hydrogel formats, one-dimensional (1D) hydrogel fibers (HFs) have attracted growing interest owing to their superior mechanical flexibility, lightweight nature, and compact form factor, attributed to their highly aligned polymer chains. These advantages render HFs particularly well-suited for AFESDs compared to three-dimensional (3D) bulk gels and two-dimensional (2D) films. Despite their potential, systematic studies on HFs remain limited, with few comprehensive evaluations of their design, performance, and challenges. This review provides a critical overview of recent progress in HF-based materials, encompassing material design, synthesis strategies, fabrication methods, device architectures, and operational mechanisms. Emphasis is placed on their applications as electrodes and electrolytes in flexible capacitors and integrated AFESDs. This review also identifies current limitations and technical bottlenecks of HF-related AFESDs in terms of conductivity enhancement, mechanical performance balancing, interfacial stability, and environmental adaptability, offering insights into future research directions. By consolidating current knowledge, this work aims to support further development and broader recognition of HFs in the field of flexible energy storage.
{"title":"Textile-integrated wearable energy devices: advances in hydrogel fibers for aqueous flexible energy storage","authors":"Wenkang Wang , Xiangbing Zeng , Xiaoqiang Wang , Peng Xiao , Zhenzhong Tang , Shiqing Jing , Wei Zhang , Tao Shui , ZhengMing Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogels have emerged as promising materials for aqueous flexible energy storage devices (AFESDs) due to their exceptional properties, including high shape adaptability, intrinsic conductivity, biocompatibility, elasticity, and responsiveness to external stimuli. Among various hydrogel formats, one-dimensional (1D) hydrogel fibers (HFs) have attracted growing interest owing to their superior mechanical flexibility, lightweight nature, and compact form factor, attributed to their highly aligned polymer chains. These advantages render HFs particularly well-suited for AFESDs compared to three-dimensional (3D) bulk gels and two-dimensional (2D) films. Despite their potential, systematic studies on HFs remain limited, with few comprehensive evaluations of their design, performance, and challenges. This review provides a critical overview of recent progress in HF-based materials, encompassing material design, synthesis strategies, fabrication methods, device architectures, and operational mechanisms. Emphasis is placed on their applications as electrodes and electrolytes in flexible capacitors and integrated AFESDs. This review also identifies current limitations and technical bottlenecks of HF-related AFESDs in terms of conductivity enhancement, mechanical performance balancing, interfacial stability, and environmental adaptability, offering insights into future research directions. By consolidating current knowledge, this work aims to support further development and broader recognition of HFs in the field of flexible energy storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 440-476"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-19DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.003
Jianying Ji , Jiaxuan Li , Cong Liu , Yiqian Wang , Yuan Xi , Engui Wang , Yijie Fan , Yizhu Shan , Lingling Xu , Yuan Bai , Xi Cui , Longfei Li , Dan Luo , Zhou Li
Piezoelectric materials show unique potential in electrical stimulation therapy; however, their application faces two challenges: the cell-material interfaces are susceptible to perturbations by ultrasonic excitation; and there is a lack of effective strategies to dynamically monitor cellular feedback to electrical stimulation. Inspired by the optical-mechanical-electric coupling effect at the Schottky junctions, a light-triggered multi-physics coupled Schottky superstructure (LtMPc-SS) was prepared by binary self-assembly of barium titanate nanoparticles and gold nanorods. Under the synergistic effect of optomechanical coupling-induced piezoelectric polarization and Schottky energy barriers, LtMPc-SS generated free holes to electrically stimulate mesenchymal stem cells differentiation. Meanwhile, photoexcitation promoted the surface plasmon resonance of LtMPc-SS and realized the real-time detection of biomarkers based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering. The association between Raman spectra and cell differentiation status were established through artificial intelligence, enabling dynamic prediction of cellular differentiation progression. This study promises to usher in a new era of intelligent on-demand electrical stimulation.
{"title":"Light-triggered multiphysics-coupled schottky superstructure for electrical stimulation and cell differentiation prediction with AI","authors":"Jianying Ji , Jiaxuan Li , Cong Liu , Yiqian Wang , Yuan Xi , Engui Wang , Yijie Fan , Yizhu Shan , Lingling Xu , Yuan Bai , Xi Cui , Longfei Li , Dan Luo , Zhou Li","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Piezoelectric materials show unique potential in electrical stimulation therapy; however, their application faces two challenges: the cell-material interfaces are susceptible to perturbations by ultrasonic excitation; and there is a lack of effective strategies to dynamically monitor cellular feedback to electrical stimulation. Inspired by the optical-mechanical-electric coupling effect at the Schottky junctions, a light-triggered multi-physics coupled Schottky superstructure (LtMPc-SS) was prepared by binary self-assembly of barium titanate nanoparticles and gold nanorods. Under the synergistic effect of optomechanical coupling-induced piezoelectric polarization and Schottky energy barriers, LtMPc-SS generated free holes to electrically stimulate mesenchymal stem cells differentiation. Meanwhile, photoexcitation promoted the surface plasmon resonance of LtMPc-SS and realized the real-time detection of biomarkers based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering. The association between Raman spectra and cell differentiation status were established through artificial intelligence, enabling dynamic prediction of cellular differentiation progression. This study promises to usher in a new era of intelligent on-demand electrical stimulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 118-128"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-18DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.002
Bianca Haberl , Malcolm Guthrie , Gang Seob Jung , Leonardus B. Bayu Aji , Jamie J. Molaison , Guoyin Shen , Stephan Irle , Jodie E. Bradby
The pressure–temperature phase behavior of covalent disordered solids such as amorphous silicon and germanium is complex. Questions remain on possible glass transitions, on polyamorphism via amorphous–amorphous transitions, on connections with liquid–liquid transitions, on structure-behavior relationships, and on their potential as precursor for novel methods for material discovery. Here we demonstrate experimentally the nucleation of a metastable, four-fold coordinated rhombohedral r8 phase from pure amorphous silicon and germanium upon room temperature compression at pressures below 10 GPa. Accompanying theory reveals a strong pressure-driven distortion of the bond angle transforming the starting tetrahedral low-density amorphous network to a distorted four-fold coordinated medium-density state. This state is of lower density than metallic high-density networks, resembles the crystalline r8 phase and initiates its nucleation. Our finding shows that polyamorphism is not the only possible transformation mode for these amorphous solids and that instead nucleation of interesting functional phases at potentially useful pressures is possible. Such novel access modes to metastable structures are critical for future exploitability and could be useful for other tetrahedral materials including carbon, where the related (bc8) post-diamond phase remains elusive. Our observed density match between an amorphous and a metastable crystalline phase clearly allows for a new phase transition pathway, while corresponding theory demonstrates how carefully validated atomistic simulations can guide prediction, discovery and synthesis of novel material structures.
{"title":"Pressure-driven density match nucleates metastable r8 phases from amorphous Si and Ge","authors":"Bianca Haberl , Malcolm Guthrie , Gang Seob Jung , Leonardus B. Bayu Aji , Jamie J. Molaison , Guoyin Shen , Stephan Irle , Jodie E. Bradby","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The pressure–temperature phase behavior of covalent disordered solids such as amorphous silicon and germanium is complex. Questions remain on possible glass transitions, on polyamorphism via amorphous–amorphous transitions, on connections with liquid–liquid transitions, on structure-behavior relationships, and on their potential as precursor for novel methods for material discovery. Here we demonstrate experimentally the nucleation of a metastable, four-fold coordinated rhombohedral r8 phase from pure amorphous silicon and germanium upon room temperature compression at pressures below 10 GPa. Accompanying theory reveals a strong pressure-driven distortion of the bond angle transforming the starting tetrahedral low-density amorphous network to a distorted four-fold coordinated medium-density state. This state is of lower density than metallic high-density networks, resembles the crystalline r8 phase and initiates its nucleation. Our finding shows that polyamorphism is not the only possible transformation mode for these amorphous solids and that instead nucleation of interesting functional phases at potentially useful pressures is possible. Such novel access modes to metastable structures are critical for future exploitability and could be useful for other tetrahedral materials including carbon, where the related (bc8) post-diamond phase remains elusive. Our observed density match between an amorphous and a metastable crystalline phase clearly allows for a new phase transition pathway, while corresponding theory demonstrates how carefully validated atomistic simulations can guide prediction, discovery and synthesis of novel material structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 140-149"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-16DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.007
Madani Labed , Chowdam Venkata Prasad , Ho Jung Jeon , Kyong Jae Kim , Jang Hyeok Park , Stephen Pearton , You Seung Rim
In recent years, gallium oxide (Ga2O3) has garnered growing attention as a next-generation ultrawide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductor, owing to its exceptional material properties namely, its wide bandgap (∼4.8 eV), high breakdown electric field, and suitability for high-efficiency and high-voltage power electronic applications. This rising interest is reflected in the increasing volume of published research and the organization of dedicated international conferences. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth overview of the intrinsic properties of Ga2O3 and highlights recent progress in material growth, device fabrication, and performance enhancement. Emphasis is placed on the critical challenges that currently impede the large-scale commercialization of Ga2O3-based devices. These include the longstanding difficulty in achieving stable p-type conductivity, the inherently low thermal conductivity, the presence of crystallographic defects such as nano- and micro-voids, the limitations of wet etching processes, and the high fabrication cost all of which collectively hinder device reliability and scalability. We also explore the latest strategies developed to address these challenges, including novel doping techniques to realize p-type behavior, thermal management solutions, defect passivation approaches, and innovations in selective etching and surface treatment. In addition, alloying strategies involving elements such as aluminum (Al) and iridium (Ir) are discussed for their potential to tune material properties, mitigate limitations, and enhance overall device performance. By consolidating recent advancements and addressing the remaining bottlenecks, this review aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the state-of-the-art in Ga2O3 research. It offers valuable insights for both academic researchers and industry professionals working toward the realization of commercially viable Ga2O3-based power electronic devices.
{"title":"Overcoming material limitations progresses of gallium oxide for power devices applications: A review","authors":"Madani Labed , Chowdam Venkata Prasad , Ho Jung Jeon , Kyong Jae Kim , Jang Hyeok Park , Stephen Pearton , You Seung Rim","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, gallium oxide (Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) has garnered growing attention as a next-generation ultrawide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductor, owing to its exceptional material properties namely, its wide bandgap (∼4.8 eV), high breakdown electric field, and suitability for high-efficiency and high-voltage power electronic applications. This rising interest is reflected in the increasing volume of published research and the organization of dedicated international conferences. This comprehensive review provides an in-depth overview of the intrinsic properties of Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and highlights recent progress in material growth, device fabrication, and performance enhancement. Emphasis is placed on the critical challenges that currently impede the large-scale commercialization of Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-based devices. These include the longstanding difficulty in achieving stable p-type conductivity, the inherently low thermal conductivity, the presence of crystallographic defects such as nano- and micro-voids, the limitations of wet etching processes, and the high fabrication cost all of which collectively hinder device reliability and scalability. We also explore the latest strategies developed to address these challenges, including novel doping techniques to realize p-type behavior, thermal management solutions, defect passivation approaches, and innovations in selective etching and surface treatment. In addition, alloying strategies involving elements such as aluminum (Al) and iridium (Ir) are discussed for their potential to tune material properties, mitigate limitations, and enhance overall device performance. By consolidating recent advancements and addressing the remaining bottlenecks, this review aims to provide a comprehensive perspective on the state-of-the-art in Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> research. It offers valuable insights for both academic researchers and industry professionals working toward the realization of commercially viable Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-based power electronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 536-587"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-15DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.012
Qingyuan Li , Hsin-Pei Ho , Zhipeng Zeng , Wei Li , Qingsong Wang , Kang Dong , Karnpiwat Tantratian , Lei Chen , Gwenaelle Rousse , Xiner Lu , Kai He , Yan Chen , Nhat Anh Thieu , Shaoshuai Chen , Xiujuan Chen , Dawei Zhang , Hanchen Tian , Yi Wang , Liang Ma , Matthew Frost , Xingbo Liu
Li-rich disordered rock-salt oxides have been extensively studied as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, however, their diffusion of lithium ions relies on the presence of excess lithium-ion content (>54.5 atom% relative to total metal ions). An emerging high-entropy strategy can reduce the lithium-ion content and enhance lithium-ion conductivity in sodium superionic conductor (e.g. Li(Ti,Zr,Sn,Hf)2(PO4)3). However, the high ionic conductivity in Li-stuffed disordered rock-salt oxides with low lithium-ion content is generally attributed to its cocktail effect, and the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we develop a robust Li-poor disordered rock-salt high-entropy oxide, (MgCoNiCuZn)0.75Li0.25O (HEOLi) as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase coating layer to stabilize lithium metal anodes, achieving an impressive cycling stability of over 15000 h. We elucidate a cocktail effect of HEOLi arising from its disordered structure of HEOLi, with unique crystallographic local structural distortions, delocalized electron structure, and energy gradients, enabling high Li-ion conductivity. These energy gradients reduce the overall energy barrier and promote Li+ hopping through preferential pathways within the HEOLi. This work offers insight into the cocktail effect of high-entropy and the Li-ion conduction mechanism, facilitating the rational design of conductive high-entropy ceramics.
{"title":"Local structural distortion and energy gradient enhance lithium ionic conductivity in high-entropy oxide","authors":"Qingyuan Li , Hsin-Pei Ho , Zhipeng Zeng , Wei Li , Qingsong Wang , Kang Dong , Karnpiwat Tantratian , Lei Chen , Gwenaelle Rousse , Xiner Lu , Kai He , Yan Chen , Nhat Anh Thieu , Shaoshuai Chen , Xiujuan Chen , Dawei Zhang , Hanchen Tian , Yi Wang , Liang Ma , Matthew Frost , Xingbo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Li-rich disordered rock-salt oxides have been extensively studied as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, however, their diffusion of lithium ions relies on the presence of excess lithium-ion content (>54.5 atom% relative to total metal ions). An emerging high-entropy strategy can reduce the lithium-ion content and enhance lithium-ion conductivity in sodium superionic conductor (e.g. Li(Ti,Zr,Sn,Hf)<sub>2</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>3</sub>). However, the high ionic conductivity in Li-stuffed disordered rock-salt oxides with low lithium-ion content is generally attributed to its cocktail effect, and the underlying mechanisms remains unclear. Here, we develop a robust Li-poor disordered rock-salt high-entropy oxide, (MgCoNiCuZn)<sub>0.75</sub>Li<sub>0.25</sub>O (HEOLi) as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase coating layer to stabilize lithium metal anodes, achieving an impressive cycling stability of over 15000 h. We elucidate a cocktail effect of HEOLi arising from its disordered structure of HEOLi, with unique crystallographic local structural distortions, delocalized electron structure, and energy gradients, enabling high Li-ion conductivity. These energy gradients reduce the overall energy barrier and promote Li<sup>+</sup> hopping through preferential pathways within the HEOLi. This work offers insight into the cocktail effect of high-entropy and the Li-ion conduction mechanism, facilitating the rational design of conductive high-entropy ceramics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 26-34"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-14DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.013
Mengting Liu , Zhao-Kun Guan , Lu Zheng , Panpan Jing , Si-Fan Chen , Shao-Wen Xu , Ling-Jiao Hu , Xin Liu , Lingfei Zhao , Bing Xiao , Peng-Fei Wang
High-energy O3-type cathode materials have been intensively pursued due to the immense potential of sodium-ion batteries as a scalable and economic energy storage solution. However, their intrinsic sensitivity of surface to humid air inevitably triggers detrimental bulk degradation and the formation of ionically/electronically insulating surface residuals, severely impairing their battery performance and commercialization efforts. Here, we present a transformative layered-to-rocksalt atomic reconfiguration strategy that achieves dual breakthroughs, the elimination of residual alkalis and the in-situ construction of a robust layered-rocksalt heterostructure surface in the prototypical O3-NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode. This ingenious design defies conventional trade-offs, simultaneously preserving rapid Na+ diffusion kinetics, ensuring exceptional electrochemical reversibility and reinforcing structural stability. Consequently, the engineered cathode demonstrates a superior initial Coulombic efficiency of 97.6 %, a high cycling durability with capacity retention of 80.1 % after 300 cycles at 1 C and a new benchmark for rate capability with 78.9 % capacity retention at a high rate of 10 C. The proposed surface layered-to-rocksalt atomic reconfiguration strategy exemplifies a groundbreaking electrode design concept and opens up a wide of compositional possibilities for future development of high-power and high-energy cathodes, marking a significant step forward in the evolution of sodium-ion battery technology.
{"title":"Layered-to-rocksalt atomic reconfiguration on O3-type cathodes surface for high-energy and durable sodium-ion batteries","authors":"Mengting Liu , Zhao-Kun Guan , Lu Zheng , Panpan Jing , Si-Fan Chen , Shao-Wen Xu , Ling-Jiao Hu , Xin Liu , Lingfei Zhao , Bing Xiao , Peng-Fei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-energy O3-type cathode materials have been intensively pursued due to the immense potential of sodium-ion batteries as a scalable and economic energy storage solution. However, their intrinsic sensitivity of surface to humid air inevitably triggers detrimental bulk degradation and the formation of ionically/electronically insulating surface residuals, severely impairing their battery performance and commercialization efforts. Here, we present a transformative layered-to-rocksalt atomic reconfiguration strategy that achieves dual breakthroughs, the elimination of residual alkalis and the <em>in-situ</em> construction of a robust layered-rocksalt heterostructure surface in the prototypical O3-NaNi<sub>1/3</sub>Fe<sub>1/3</sub>Mn<sub>1/3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> cathode. This ingenious design defies conventional trade-offs, simultaneously preserving rapid Na<sup>+</sup> diffusion kinetics, ensuring exceptional electrochemical reversibility and reinforcing structural stability. Consequently, the engineered cathode demonstrates a superior initial Coulombic efficiency of 97.6 %, a high cycling durability with capacity retention of 80.1 % after 300 cycles at 1 C and a new benchmark for rate capability with 78.9 % capacity retention at a high rate of 10 C. The proposed surface layered-to-rocksalt atomic reconfiguration strategy exemplifies a groundbreaking electrode design concept and opens up a wide of compositional possibilities for future development of high-power and high-energy cathodes, marking a significant step forward in the evolution of sodium-ion battery technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 35-43"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-14DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.005
Yaping Bo , Qi Zhao , Zhan Shi , Guoqi Zhang , Luyao Zhang , Juan Wang , Lanping Guo , Wenyuan Gao
Volatile oils (also called essential oils (EO) in some studies) are rich in terpenoids, alcohols and other bioactive components, and are widely used in medicine, food, cosmetics and agriculture. However, their high volatility, low water solubility and photo-thermal sensitivity have greatly restricted practical applications. This review systematically analyzed nearly 200 related literatures, and clarified that Rutaceae, Labiatae and Cruciferae are the common sources of plant volatile oils, and terpenoids are their main components. More than 10 traditional and emerging extraction and separation techniques, such as supercritical fluid extraction, were investigated, moreover, solvent-free microwave extraction combined with ultrasonic pretreatment increased the yield of essential oil from the rutaceae pericarp by 26%. Meanwhile, more than 10 encapsulation forms, such as nanocapsules and liposomes, which can effectively improve the stability and bioactivity of volatile oils, were summarized. At the level of multiple applications, nanoemulsions and pickering emulsions are outstanding in skin care, nano-particles and nano-capsules are widely used in textiles and food flavouring, and nano hydrogels have become a new type of carrier for drug delivery, and the multiple forms break the limitations of the application of essential oils in an all-round way. However, the new extraction and separation technologies have the problems of high cost, complicated operation, and difficult to be adapted to industrial production; and the encapsulation technologies face the challenges of easy essential oil dispersion, difficult to be adapted to the substrate, doubtful material safety, and lack of monitoring means. This paper breaks through the limitation of traditional single research by constructing a multi-dimensional research framework of ‘chemical composition-extraction technology-encapsulation process-diversified applications’, which provides a new perspective and theoretical support for the research and industrial development in the field of volatile oils and EO.
{"title":"Breakthroughs in extraction and encapsulation of volatile oil and essential oil for superior functionalities","authors":"Yaping Bo , Qi Zhao , Zhan Shi , Guoqi Zhang , Luyao Zhang , Juan Wang , Lanping Guo , Wenyuan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Volatile oils (also called essential oils (EO) in some studies) are rich in terpenoids, alcohols and other bioactive components, and are widely used in medicine, food, cosmetics and agriculture. However, their high volatility, low water solubility and photo-thermal sensitivity have greatly restricted practical applications. This review systematically analyzed nearly 200 related literatures, and clarified that <em>Rutaceae, Labiatae</em> and <em>Cruciferae</em> are the common sources of plant volatile oils, and terpenoids are their main components. More than 10 traditional and emerging extraction and separation techniques, such as supercritical fluid extraction, were investigated, moreover, solvent-free microwave extraction combined with ultrasonic pretreatment increased the yield of essential oil from the rutaceae pericarp by 26%. Meanwhile, more than 10 encapsulation forms, such as nanocapsules and liposomes, which can effectively improve the stability and bioactivity of volatile oils, were summarized. At the level of multiple applications, nanoemulsions and pickering emulsions are outstanding in skin care, nano-particles and nano-capsules are widely used in textiles and food flavouring, and nano hydrogels have become a new type of carrier for drug delivery, and the multiple forms break the limitations of the application of essential oils in an all-round way. However, the new extraction and separation technologies have the problems of high cost, complicated operation, and difficult to be adapted to industrial production; and the encapsulation technologies face the challenges of easy essential oil dispersion, difficult to be adapted to the substrate, doubtful material safety, and lack of monitoring means. This paper breaks through the limitation of traditional single research by constructing a multi-dimensional research framework of ‘chemical composition-extraction technology-encapsulation process-diversified applications’, which provides a new perspective and theoretical support for the research and industrial development in the field of volatile oils and EO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 477-501"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-13DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.001
Akanksha Joshi , Mia Ramos , Sri Harsha Akella , Khorsed Alam , Roman R. Kapaev , Sankalpita Chakrabarty , Nicole Leifer , Ananya Maddegalla , Yuri Mikhlin , Doron Aurbach , Dan Thomas Major , Malachi Noked
Sodium-ion batteries are progressively scrutinized for their economic viability and natural abundancy of resources. However, their practical implications are hampered by their limited energy density, primarily stemming from cationic redox reactions in transition-metal based cathodes. Achieving higher energy density via anionic redox activation is one of the promising approach but often compromises structural integrity due to lattice oxygen loss and transition metal migration. In this work, we present a strategy of covalency modulation through low-level Ru4+ doping in a Na-deficient, Co-free high-entropy (HE) layered cathode. By completely substituting Mn4+ with Ru4+ in HE cathode model, we enhance TM–O bond covalency and stabilize the oxygen framework. This effectively balances the trade-off between high capacity and structural stability, enabling reversible anionic redox activity while suppressing irreversible spinel formation and lattice strain. The Ru4+/Ru5+ couple improves voltage stability and delivers a high capacity of 146 mAh g−1 (2–4.3 V, C/15), while Raman and OEMS studies confirm minimized surface degradation and oxygen release. Our findings demonstrate that the approach of entropy stabilization combined with targeted covalency tuning can supplemented the cathodes with both enhanced performance and longevity, offering a promising design pathway for next-generation sodium-ion batteries.
钠离子电池因其经济可行性和自然资源丰富而逐渐受到审查。然而，它们的实际应用受到其有限的能量密度的阻碍，主要源于过渡金属基阴极中的阳离子氧化还原反应。通过阴离子氧化还原活化实现更高的能量密度是一种很有前途的方法，但由于晶格氧损失和过渡金属迁移，往往会损害结构完整性。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种通过低水平的Ru4+掺杂在na缺乏，无co的高熵（HE）层状阴极中的共价调制策略。通过在HE阴极模型中用Ru4+完全取代Mn4+，我们增强了TM-O键的共价并稳定了氧框架。这有效地平衡了高容量和结构稳定性之间的权衡，实现了可逆的阴离子氧化还原活性，同时抑制了不可逆的尖晶石形成和晶格应变。Ru4+/Ru5+对提高了电压稳定性，并提供了146 mAh g - 1 （2-4.3 V, C/15）的高容量，而拉曼和oem研究证实了最小的表面降解和氧气释放。我们的研究结果表明，熵稳定与目标共价调节相结合的方法可以补充阴极的性能和寿命，为下一代钠离子电池的设计提供了一条有希望的途径。
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Pub Date : 2025-08-12DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.006
Kosha Navnit Vaishnav, Ravi Prakash Verma, Biswajit Saha
Modern healthcare has been transformed by introducing 3D-printed wearable sensors, providing rapid, inexpensive, and customised diagnostic alternatives. An overview of 3D-printed wearable sensors, their development history, and the evolution of 3D printing technology are explored in this study, offering a thorough analysis of the developments associated with wearable sensors for modern healthcare and biomedical applications. Different 3D printing techniques, such as stereolithography, inkjet printing, fused deposition modelling, and other 3D printing methods, are summarised. The materials used for these techniques, such as flexible substrates, biocompatible composites, and conductive polymers, are thoroughly reviewed simultaneously, focusing on their relevance to healthcare. This review comprehensively examines the materials and methodologies used in developing 3D-printed wearable sensors for healthcare and biomedical applications, emphasising their significance, potential applications, and key findings from recent research. The study analyses the significant challenges posed by material limitations, printing resolution, and biocompatibility while critically assessing the primary advantages of 3D-printed wearable sensors, such as personalisation, rapid prototyping, and scalability. Design considerations are also thoroughly evaluated to maximise sensor performance and reliability, emphasising flexibility, durability, and user comfort. The overview further describes various healthcare applications of these sensors, from real-time diagnostic tools and continuous vital sign monitoring to rehabilitation devices. This review aims to provide valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and healthcare professionals by combining recent advancements and identifying current limitations. The review also explores future directions, focusing on sustainable materials for environmentally friendly sensor development and the integration of AI and IoT technologies for improved monitoring and diagnostics.
{"title":"Advancements in 3D-printed wearable sensors: a modern healthcare","authors":"Kosha Navnit Vaishnav, Ravi Prakash Verma, Biswajit Saha","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modern healthcare has been transformed by introducing 3D-printed wearable sensors, providing rapid, inexpensive, and customised diagnostic alternatives. An overview of 3D-printed wearable sensors, their development history, and the evolution<!--> <!-->of 3D printing technology are explored in this study, offering<!--> <!-->a thorough analysis of the developments associated with wearable sensors for modern<!--> <!-->healthcare and biomedical applications. Different 3D printing techniques, such as stereolithography, inkjet printing, fused deposition modelling, and other 3D printing methods,<!--> <!-->are summarised. The materials used for<!--> <!-->these techniques, such as flexible substrates, biocompatible composites, and conductive polymers, are thoroughly reviewed<!--> <!-->simultaneously, focusing on their relevance to healthcare. This review comprehensively examines the materials and methodologies used in developing 3D-printed wearable sensors for healthcare and biomedical applications, emphasising their significance, potential applications, and key findings from recent research. The study analyses the significant<!--> <!-->challenges posed by material limitations, printing resolution, and biocompatibility while critically assessing the primary advantages of 3D-printed wearable sensors, such as personalisation, rapid prototyping, and scalability. Design considerations<!--> <!-->are also<!--> <!-->thoroughly evaluated to maximise sensor performance and reliability, emphasising flexibility, durability, and user comfort. The overview further describes<!--> <!-->various healthcare applications of these sensors, from real-time diagnostic tools and continuous vital sign monitoring to rehabilitation devices. This review aims to provide valuable insights for researchers, engineers, and healthcare professionals by combining recent advancements and identifying current limitations. The review also explores future directions, focusing on sustainable materials for environmentally friendly sensor development and the integration of AI and IoT technologies for improved monitoring and diagnostics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"89 ","pages":"Pages 502-535"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145061581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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