Na4Fe3(PO4)2(P2O7) (NFPP) is a promising cathode material for commercial sodium-ion batteries. However, at high voltages, the migration of Fe1 along the a-axis with distortion of the [P2O7] group, leads to the closure of Na+ diffusion channels. Herein, we incorporated boron (B) to the framework voids formed by the interconnected polyhedral network, thereby inducing local lattice distortion. Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirms that B adopts a 3-coordination, forming flexible B-O bonds that tune the Fe coordination environment. Neutron total scattering pair distribution function (PDF) analyses reveal shortened Fe-O bonds and improved Na-O/P-O local ordering, which collectively inhibit crystal plane slippage and preserve Na+ transport pathways. Moreover, enhanced hybridization between Fe 3d and O 2p orbitals reduces electron localization and boosts electronic conductivity. Operando X-ray diffraction (XRD) and distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analyses further demonstrate that the optimized NFPP-1 %BO3 (Na4Fe2.91(PO4)1.98(BO3)0.02(P2O7)) exhibits reduced volumetric changes and enhanced kinetics during sodiation/desodiation. Consequently, NFPP-1 %BO3 delivers 87.4mAh g−1 at 50C and retains excellent capacity over 2000 cycles. This work highlights a novel strategy for stabilizing structures at high charge states and provides valuable insights into the structural design of high-performance NFPP cathode materials.
Na4Fe3(PO4)2(P2O7) （NFPP）是一种很有前途的商用钠离子电池正极材料。然而，在高压下，Fe1随着[P2O7]基团的畸变沿a轴迁移，导致Na+扩散通道关闭。在这里，我们将硼(B)加入到由相互连接的多面体网络形成的框架空隙中，从而引起局部晶格畸变。同步加速器x射线吸收光谱证实B采用3-配位，形成灵活的B- o键，调节Fe配位环境。中子总散射对分布函数（PDF）分析表明，Fe-O键的缩短和Na- o /P-O的局部有序度的提高共同抑制了晶面滑移，并保留了Na+的输运途径。此外，Fe 3d和o2p轨道之间的杂化增强，降低了电子的局域化，提高了电子的导电性。操作x射线衍射（XRD）和弛豫时间分布（DRT）分析进一步表明，优化后的NFPP-1 %BO3 (Na4Fe2.91(PO4)1.98（BO3)0.02(P2O7)）在盐化/脱盐过程中表现出较小的体积变化和增强的动力学。因此，nfpp - 1% BO3在50C下提供87.4mAh g -1，并在2000次循环中保持优异的容量。这项工作强调了一种在高电荷状态下稳定结构的新策略，并为高性能NFPP阴极材料的结构设计提供了有价值的见解。
{"title":"Optimization of local coordination structure to achieve fast Na+ diffusion in Na4Fe3(PO4)2(P2O7) at high voltage","authors":"Pei-yao Li , Ying-de Huang , Yu-jing Chen , Min Chen , Wen Yin , Qing Wu , Xia-hui Zhang , Guo-dong Ren , Jun-chao Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Na<sub>4</sub>Fe<sub>3</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>(P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>) (NFPP) is a promising cathode material for commercial sodium-ion batteries. However, at high voltages, the migration of Fe1 along the <em>a</em>-axis with distortion of the [P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>] group, leads to the closure of Na<sup>+</sup> diffusion channels. Herein, we incorporated boron (B) to the framework voids formed by the interconnected polyhedral network, thereby inducing local lattice distortion. Synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy confirms that B adopts a 3-coordination, forming flexible B-O bonds that tune the Fe coordination environment. Neutron total scattering pair distribution function (PDF) analyses reveal shortened Fe-O bonds and improved Na-O/P-O local ordering, which collectively inhibit crystal plane slippage and preserve Na<sup>+</sup> transport pathways. Moreover, enhanced hybridization between Fe 3<em>d</em> and O 2<em>p</em> orbitals reduces electron localization and boosts electronic conductivity. <em>Operando</em> X-ray diffraction (XRD) and distribution of relaxation times (DRT) analyses further demonstrate that the optimized NFPP-1 %BO<sub>3</sub> (Na<sub>4</sub>Fe<sub>2.91</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>1.98</sub>(BO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>0.02</sub>(P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub>)) exhibits reduced volumetric changes and enhanced kinetics during sodiation/desodiation. Consequently, NFPP-1 %BO<sub>3</sub> delivers 87.4mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 50C and retains excellent capacity over 2000 cycles. This work highlights a novel strategy for stabilizing structures at high charge states and provides valuable insights into the structural design of high-performance NFPP cathode materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 104-113"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The integration of abundant offshore wind power (OWP) resources into electrolytic water hydrogen production systems presents a viable solution for addressing the utilization challenges of remote offshore wind-generated electricity while enabling large-scale and low-cost green hydrogen production. However, this approach faces significant technical barriers due to the extended transportation distances and complex marine environmental conditions. Both, the laying and maintenance of submarine transportation cables and hydrogen transportation pipelines face high costs. Therefore, direct hydrogen transportation through shipping, is an improved strategy to deal with large-scale hydrogen production and transportation. This review puts forward the following points. First, an innovative method of the zero-pressure-differential solid-state hydrogen storage is presented to solve the problem of storage and transportation in green hydrogen industry. Second, a novel strategy for the cascade utilization of low-temperature seawater, waste heat in electrolytic hydrogen and surplus wind energy is proposed to significantly improve the energy efficiency in large-scale storage and transportation of hydrogen energy. Finally, the development and scheme of hydrogen energy system integration on offshore platform are put forward. This perspective provides a new insight for the research on the safety and reliability of hydrogen production from deep-sea offshore wind power and related hydrogen storage and transportation technology and equipment.
{"title":"The perspective of offshore wind power: based hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, and hydrogen transportation","authors":"Shuling Chen , Xuezhang Xiao , Zhinian Li , Liuzhang Ouyang","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The integration of abundant offshore wind power (OWP) resources into electrolytic water hydrogen production systems presents a viable solution for addressing the utilization challenges of remote offshore wind-generated electricity while enabling large-scale and low-cost green hydrogen production. However, this approach faces significant technical barriers due to the extended transportation distances and complex marine environmental conditions. Both, the laying and maintenance of submarine transportation cables and hydrogen transportation pipelines face high costs. Therefore, direct hydrogen transportation through shipping, is an improved strategy to deal with large-scale hydrogen production and transportation. This review puts forward the following points. First, an innovative method of the zero-pressure-differential solid-state hydrogen storage is presented to solve the problem of storage and transportation in green hydrogen industry. Second, a novel strategy for the cascade utilization of low-temperature seawater, waste heat in electrolytic hydrogen and surplus wind energy is proposed to significantly improve the energy efficiency in large-scale storage and transportation of hydrogen energy. Finally, the development and scheme of hydrogen energy system integration on offshore platform are put forward. This perspective provides a new insight for the research on the safety and reliability of hydrogen production from deep-sea offshore wind power and related hydrogen storage and transportation technology and equipment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 800-814"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.015
Aszad Alam, Anurag Kumar, Swaminathan Jiji, Konala Akhila, Mudrika Khandelwal
With over two-thirds of research in the area of “Living materials” emerging in the past five years, it is essential to not only highlight the key insights and historical milestones but also to delve into long-term implications and future challenges. This review presents a visionary roadmap for unlocking the full potential of living materials by discussing the commercially available and historically existing living materials, as well as introducing a generational categorization akin to other technological advancements. Unique to this review is a comprehensive analysis of design, optimization, evaluation, and safety, covering biocompatibility, signaling dynamics, cell-matrix interactions, and adhesion across the spectrum of self-generated to artificially integrated matrices. Herein, the detailed status of recent developments in living materials in drug delivery, cell therapy, tissue scaffolding, biosensing, building materials, and environmental applications has been presented. Besides, this review highlights the need for advanced in-vitro/in-vivo models and regulatory considerations to mitigate the long-term consequences, ensuring reliable clinical translation, industrial adoption, and market acceptability. Finally, this review pioneers the introduction of living materials into five unexplored areas; optics, packaging, coatings, energy, and textiles, marking the systematic effort to expand the field beyond its current landscape through strategic identification of emerging opportunities.
{"title":"Integrating life into material design for living materials 4.0: Navigating challenges and future trajectories from static to dynamic evolution","authors":"Aszad Alam, Anurag Kumar, Swaminathan Jiji, Konala Akhila, Mudrika Khandelwal","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With over two-thirds of research in the area of “Living materials” emerging in the past five years, it is essential to not only highlight the key insights and historical milestones but also to delve into long-term implications and future challenges. This review presents a visionary roadmap for unlocking the full potential of living materials by discussing the commercially available and historically existing living materials, as well as introducing a generational categorization akin to other technological advancements. Unique to this review is a comprehensive analysis of design, optimization, evaluation, and safety, covering biocompatibility, signaling dynamics, cell-matrix interactions, and adhesion across the spectrum of self-generated to artificially integrated matrices. Herein, the detailed status of recent developments in living materials in drug delivery, cell therapy, tissue scaffolding, biosensing, building materials, and environmental applications has been presented. Besides, this review highlights the need for advanced in-vitro/in-vivo models and regulatory considerations to mitigate the long-term consequences, ensuring reliable clinical translation, industrial adoption, and market acceptability. Finally, this review pioneers the introduction of living materials into five unexplored areas; optics, packaging, coatings, energy, and textiles, marking the systematic effort to expand the field beyond its current landscape through strategic identification of emerging opportunities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 385-410"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.10.006
Boseong Heo , Miseung Kim , Chihyun Hwang , Hyun Woo Kim , Minwook Pin , Beom Tak Na , Jin Bae Lee , Chul-u Bak , Jun Young Cheong , Seung-Ho Yu , Joon Ha Chang , Hyun-seung Kim , Youngjin Kim
Interfacial degradation mechanisms in layered oxide cathodes represent fundamental limitations for advanced lithium-ion systems, yet systematic differentiation between bulk crystallographic strain and electronic structure-mediated interfacial instability remains challenging. Through comparative investigation of single-crystal LiNi0.6Co0.1Mn0.3O2 (SC-NCM613) and LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (SC-NCM811) under equivalent electrochemical conditions, we demonstrate that performance differentiation originates from composition-dependent electronic structure modulation at electrode–electrolyte interfaces rather than conventional voltage constraints. Contrary to conventional expectations, single-crystal NCM613 achieves superior capacity retention (86.8 % after 1,000 cycles) at elevated voltage (4.35 V) compared to NCM811 (84.1 % retention) at reduced voltage (4.2 V), showing better stability at higher voltage. Spectroscopic characterization reveals equivalent bulk oxidation states while surface analysis demonstrates pronounced compositional dependence in frontier orbital configurations near the Fermi level. Surface-sensitive analyses reveal suppressed electron population density in SC-NCM613, substantially constraining rock-salt phase propagation depth in SC-NCM811. These findings suggest that rational electronic structure engineering provides a more effective approach than conventional compositional maximization, enabling competitive electrochemical performance while maintaining high energy density requirements.
{"title":"Interfacial stability Enhancement in Single-Crystal NCM cathodes through electronic structure optimization","authors":"Boseong Heo , Miseung Kim , Chihyun Hwang , Hyun Woo Kim , Minwook Pin , Beom Tak Na , Jin Bae Lee , Chul-u Bak , Jun Young Cheong , Seung-Ho Yu , Joon Ha Chang , Hyun-seung Kim , Youngjin Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interfacial degradation mechanisms in layered oxide cathodes represent fundamental limitations for advanced lithium-ion systems, yet systematic differentiation between bulk crystallographic strain and electronic structure-mediated interfacial instability remains challenging. Through comparative investigation of single-crystal LiNi<sub>0.6</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>Mn<sub>0.3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (SC-NCM613) and LiNi<sub>0.8</sub>Co<sub>0.1</sub>Mn<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (SC-NCM811) under equivalent electrochemical conditions, we demonstrate that performance differentiation originates from composition-dependent electronic structure modulation at electrode–electrolyte interfaces rather than conventional voltage constraints. Contrary to conventional expectations, single-crystal NCM613 achieves superior capacity retention (86.8 % after 1,000 cycles) at elevated voltage (4.35 V) compared to NCM811 (84.1 % retention) at reduced voltage (4.2 V), showing better stability at higher voltage. Spectroscopic characterization reveals equivalent bulk oxidation states while surface analysis demonstrates pronounced compositional dependence in frontier orbital configurations near the Fermi level. Surface-sensitive analyses reveal suppressed electron population density in SC-NCM613, substantially constraining rock-salt phase propagation depth in SC-NCM811. These findings suggest that rational electronic structure engineering provides a more effective approach than conventional compositional maximization, enabling competitive electrochemical performance while maintaining high energy density requirements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 322-333"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145414999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.019
Ziling Jiang , Siwu Li , Jie Yang , Miao Deng , Ziyu Lu , Zhenyu Wang , Lin Li , Feixiang Wu , Chuang Yu
Chlorine-rich argyrodite Li5.5PS4.5Cl1.5 (LPSCl) solid electrolyte exhibits exceptionally high Li-ion conductivity and is considered a highly promising candidate for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs). However, the compatibility issue with both the ultra-high-nickel cathode LiNi0.9Mn0.05Co0.05O2 (NCM955) and lithium metal anode remains a significant challenge. In this work, we propose a customized fluorination regulation strategy and systematically investigate the cross-scale mechanisms of fluorine in ASSLMBs. On the cathode side, it is discovered for the first time that, a LiF-doped electrolyte, Li5.5PS4.5Cl1.4F0.1 (LPSClF0.1), enables the penetration of F– into the single-crystal NCM955 during cycling. These F– partially substitute O2– in the lattice, modulating the local electronic structure and forming strong Ni–F bonds. This effectively increases the migration barrier for Ni2+, suppresses lattice oxygen activation, and reduces irreversible oxygen release, thereby enhancing the structural stability of the NCM955 cathode. On the anode side, LiF doping increases the critical current density of the electrolyte from 0.6 mA cm−2 to 3.1 mA cm−2. Furthermore, when paired with a molten SnF2-treated lithium metal—a fluorine-rich composite SEI composed of LiF, LiCl, and Li-Sn alloy can be obtained. This layer facilitates fast Li+ transport and homogenizes the electric field distribution, thereby balancing the local current density, regulating the nucleation and growth of Li, ultimately inhibiting the dendrite growth and ensuring highly reversible Li plating/stripping. Benefitting from the multilevel regulation of “atomic doping-bulk phase stabilization-interfacial engineering”, the assembled Li@SnF2|LPSClF0.1|NCM955 battery demonstrates a capacity retention of 80.6 % after 250 cycles at 0.5C (25 °C), and exhibits excellent performance at both –20 °C (0.1C) and 60 °C (0.5C). This work not only uncovers the synergistic roles of fluorination across atomic (bonding interactions), mesoscale (interfacial architecture), and macroscopic (battery performance) dimensions, but also establishes a universal design paradigm for bulk-interface synergy in wide-temperature-range, high–energy–density ASSLMBs.
富氯银柱石Li5.5PS4.5Cl1.5 （LPSCl）固体电解质具有非常高的锂离子电导率，被认为是全固态锂金属电池（asslmb）的极有前途的候选者。然而，超高镍阴极LiNi0.9Mn0.05Co0.05O2 （NCM955）和锂金属阳极的兼容性问题仍然是一个重大挑战。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种定制化的氟化调节策略，并系统地研究了氟在asslmb中的跨尺度机制。在阴极侧，首次发现掺有Li5.5PS4.5Cl1.4F0.1 （LPSClF0.1）的Li5.5PS4.5Cl1.4F0.1 （LPSClF0.1）可以使F-在循环过程中穿透到单晶NCM955中。这些F -部分取代了晶格中的O2 -，调制了局部电子结构并形成了强的Ni-F键。这有效地增加了Ni2+的迁移势垒，抑制了晶格氧的活化，减少了不可逆氧的释放，从而提高了NCM955阴极的结构稳定性。在阳极侧，LiF掺杂将电解液的临界电流密度从0.6 mA cm - 2提高到3.1 mA cm - 2。此外，当与熔融snf2处理的金属锂配对时，可以获得由LiF， LiCl和Li-Sn合金组成的富氟复合SEI。该层促进了Li+的快速输运，使电场分布均匀，从而平衡了局部电流密度，调节了Li的成核和生长，最终抑制了枝晶的生长，保证了Li的高可逆镀/剥离。得益于“原子掺杂-体相稳定-界面工程”的多层调控，组装的Li@SnF2|LPSClF0.1|NCM955电池在0.5℃（25℃）下循环250次后容量保持率为80.6%，在-20℃（0.1℃）和60℃（0.5℃）下均表现出优异的性能。这项工作不仅揭示了氟化在原子（键相互作用）、中尺度（界面结构）和宏观（电池性能）维度上的协同作用，而且还为宽温度范围、高能量密度asslbs的体界面协同作用建立了一个通用的设计范例。
{"title":"Unravelling the stablization effect of flourination on the interface and bulk phase of electrodes in all-solid-state lithium metal batteries","authors":"Ziling Jiang , Siwu Li , Jie Yang , Miao Deng , Ziyu Lu , Zhenyu Wang , Lin Li , Feixiang Wu , Chuang Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlorine-rich argyrodite Li<sub>5.5</sub>PS<sub>4.5</sub>Cl<sub>1.5</sub> (LPSCl) solid electrolyte exhibits exceptionally high Li-ion conductivity and is considered a highly promising candidate for all-solid-state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs). However, the compatibility issue with both the ultra-high-nickel cathode LiNi<sub>0.9</sub>Mn<sub>0.05</sub>Co<sub>0.05</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NCM955) and lithium metal anode remains a significant challenge. In this work, we propose a customized fluorination regulation strategy and systematically investigate the cross-scale mechanisms of fluorine in ASSLMBs. On the cathode side, it is discovered for the first time that, a LiF-doped electrolyte, Li<sub>5.5</sub>PS<sub>4.5</sub>Cl<sub>1.4</sub>F<sub>0.1</sub> (LPSClF<sub>0.1</sub>), enables the penetration of F<sup>–</sup> into the single-crystal NCM955 during cycling. These F<sup>–</sup> partially substitute O<sup>2–</sup> in the lattice, modulating the local electronic structure and forming strong Ni–F bonds. This effectively increases the migration barrier for Ni<sup>2+</sup>, suppresses lattice oxygen activation, and reduces irreversible oxygen release, thereby enhancing the structural stability of the NCM955 cathode. On the anode side, LiF doping increases the critical current density of the electrolyte from 0.6 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> to 3.1 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>. Furthermore, when paired with a molten SnF<sub>2</sub>-treated lithium metal—a fluorine-rich composite SEI composed of LiF, LiCl, and Li-Sn alloy can be obtained. This layer facilitates fast Li<sup>+</sup> transport and homogenizes the electric field distribution, thereby balancing the local current density, regulating the nucleation and growth of Li, ultimately inhibiting the dendrite growth and ensuring highly reversible Li plating/stripping. Benefitting from the multilevel regulation of “atomic doping-bulk phase stabilization-interfacial engineering”, the assembled Li@SnF<sub>2</sub>|LPSClF<sub>0.1</sub>|NCM955 battery demonstrates a capacity retention of 80.6 % after 250 cycles at 0.5C (25 °C), and exhibits excellent performance at both –20 °C (0.1C) and 60 °C (0.5C). This work not only uncovers the synergistic roles of fluorination across atomic (bonding interactions), mesoscale (interfacial architecture), and macroscopic (battery performance) dimensions, but also establishes a universal design paradigm for bulk-interface synergy in wide-temperature-range, high–energy–density ASSLMBs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 31-42"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.025
Meng Suo , Ping Shangguan , Shiquan Deng , Yixiong Liu , Keke Wu , Shipeng Ning , Xing-Jie Liang , Ben Zhong Tang , Tianfu Zhang
Tumor vaccine has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic agent for eradicating tumors. However, the immunosuppressive microenvironment within solid tumors significantly hinders these vaccines from eliciting long-lasting immunity, underscoring the need for novel strategies to revolutionize the approach to vaccine therapy. Herein, we propose a dual strategy involving donor group and fluorination engineering to develop an aggregation-induced emission phototherapeutic agent (BTS-2F). With high reactive oxygen species generation and photothermal conversion capabilities, BTS-2F nanoparticles (BNP) effectively eliminated both 4T1 breast cancer cells and E. coli by photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy under 660 nm laser irradiation through the efficient intersystem crossing process, improving tumor antigen availability and thus generating the hybrid vaccine (BNP@HV). The bacterial component of BNP@HV acts as a potent immune inducer and adjuvant, facilitating high-quality tumor antigen cross-presenting and infiltrating in the lymph nodes after subcutaneous injection and provoking the STING pathway to activate dendritic cells. Consequently, strong and sustained T cell responses elicit anti-tumor immunity and establish lasting anti-tumor memory. Furthermore, BNP@HV can sensitize PD-1 checkpoint blockade therapy, stimulating the adaptive immune system of mice to inhibit tumor growth. This work provides a new paradigm for designing preventive and therapeutic tumor vaccines to enhance clinical efficacy.
{"title":"Facilitating direct presentation of tumor antigens to activate anti-tumor immunity by phototherapy-potentiated hybrid vaccine","authors":"Meng Suo , Ping Shangguan , Shiquan Deng , Yixiong Liu , Keke Wu , Shipeng Ning , Xing-Jie Liang , Ben Zhong Tang , Tianfu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tumor vaccine has emerged as a promising immunotherapeutic agent for eradicating tumors. However, the immunosuppressive microenvironment within solid tumors significantly hinders these vaccines from eliciting long-lasting immunity, underscoring the need for novel strategies to revolutionize the approach to vaccine therapy. Herein, we propose a dual strategy involving donor group and fluorination engineering to develop an aggregation-induced emission phototherapeutic agent (BTS-2F). With high reactive oxygen species generation and photothermal conversion capabilities, BTS-2F nanoparticles (BNP) effectively eliminated both 4T1 breast cancer cells and <em>E. coli</em> by photodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy under 660 nm laser irradiation through the efficient intersystem crossing process, improving tumor antigen availability and thus generating the hybrid vaccine (BNP@HV). The bacterial component of BNP@HV acts as a potent immune inducer and adjuvant, facilitating high-quality tumor antigen cross-presenting and infiltrating in the lymph nodes after subcutaneous injection and provoking the STING pathway to activate dendritic cells. Consequently, strong and sustained T cell responses elicit anti-tumor immunity and establish lasting anti-tumor memory. Furthermore, BNP@HV can sensitize PD-1 checkpoint blockade therapy, stimulating the adaptive immune system of mice to inhibit tumor growth. This work provides a new paradigm for designing preventive and therapeutic tumor vaccines to enhance clinical efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 270-284"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.023
Lin Qi , Zhihong Li , Zunyong Feng , Jianping Liu , Xiaoyuan Chen
Driven by rapid advances in molecular engineering and delivery technology, mRNA therapeutics have transitioned from conceptual promise to clinical reality. Compared to DNA and protein therapies, mRNA therapeutics deliver the genetic instructions to the cells and enable protein expression only in the cytoplasm without the risk of genomic integration. Although early studies demonstrated the potential of in vitro transcribed mRNA to mediate protein expression in vivo, clinical translation was long impeded by its intrinsic instability, immunogenicity, and limited delivery efficiency. Recent breakthroughs in mRNA design, including sequence optimization, nucleoside modifications, and the development of self-amplifying or circular RNA platforms, have markedly improved translational efficiency while modulating innate immune activation. Parallel innovations in delivery systems such as lipid nanoparticle have further improved organ targeting and safety profiles. These developments have underpinned the unprecedented success of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 and catalyzed broader therapeutic applications across infectious diseases, cancers, neurological disorders, and other diseases. Many of these approaches have demonstrated promising efficacy in preclinical models, with several advancing into clinical trials. This article highlights recent advances in mRNA engineering, delivery technologies, preclinical and clinical translation, providing an in-depth examination of the evolving mRNA therapeutic landscape and its potential to redefine next-generation precision medicine.
{"title":"Pioneering next-generation mRNA therapeutics through molecular engineering and delivery optimization","authors":"Lin Qi , Zhihong Li , Zunyong Feng , Jianping Liu , Xiaoyuan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Driven by rapid advances in molecular engineering and delivery technology, mRNA therapeutics have transitioned from conceptual promise to clinical reality. Compared to DNA and protein therapies, mRNA therapeutics deliver the genetic instructions to the cells and enable protein expression only in the cytoplasm without the risk of genomic integration. Although early studies demonstrated the potential of <em>in vitro</em> transcribed mRNA to mediate protein expression <em>in vivo</em>, clinical translation was long impeded by its intrinsic instability, immunogenicity, and limited delivery efficiency. Recent breakthroughs in mRNA design, including sequence optimization, nucleoside modifications, and the development of self-amplifying or circular RNA platforms, have markedly improved translational efficiency while modulating innate immune activation. Parallel innovations in delivery systems such as lipid nanoparticle have further improved organ targeting and safety profiles. These developments have underpinned the unprecedented success of mRNA vaccines against COVID-19 and catalyzed broader therapeutic applications across infectious diseases, cancers, neurological disorders, and other diseases. Many of these approaches have demonstrated promising efficacy in preclinical models, with several advancing into clinical trials. This article highlights recent advances in mRNA engineering, delivery technologies, preclinical and clinical translation, providing an in-depth examination of the evolving mRNA therapeutic landscape and its potential to redefine next-generation precision medicine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 466-494"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.024
Wei Li , Jinxue Ding , Zhaoju Yu , Ralf Riedel
Boron, a versatile element, significantly controls the structural and functional properties of advanced polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) materials. Incorporating boron or boron compounds into the PDC matrix notably influences its thermochemical and thermophysical behavior. Since the development of thermally stable SiBCN ceramics (up to 1500–2000°C), the polymer-derived ceramic route has gained significant attention for producing boron-containing ceramics due to its distinct advantages over conventional powder ceramic technology. The PDC technology offers two key benefits: (1) the ability to tailor the chemical and phase composition of PDCs through molecular modification of the preceramic polymers, and (2) the processability of preceramic polymers by adjusting crosslinking and pyrolysis/annealing conditions. This review aims to comprehensively explore PDC processing strategies focused on boron-containing preceramic polymers and their resulting ceramic properties. For the first time, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of how boron influences the intrinsic functional and structural properties of advanced PDCs and provides perspectives for their potential applications. It critically assesses various synthesis approaches using preceramic polymers to produce boron-containing ceramics and related materials. The impact of boron on the derived ceramic microstructure and, in turn, on the properties of polymer-derived boron-containing ceramics are thoroughly discussed, considering both experimental and theoretical studies. Finally, potential advanced applications and future research directions centered on boron-containing PDCs are evaluated.
{"title":"The key role of boron as a ‘Magical Element’ in polymer-derived boron-containing ceramics","authors":"Wei Li , Jinxue Ding , Zhaoju Yu , Ralf Riedel","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Boron, a versatile element, significantly controls the structural and functional properties of advanced polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) materials. Incorporating boron or boron compounds into the PDC matrix notably influences its thermochemical and thermophysical behavior. Since the development of thermally stable SiBCN ceramics (up to 1500–2000°C), the polymer-derived ceramic route has gained significant attention for producing boron-containing ceramics due to its distinct advantages over conventional powder ceramic technology. The PDC technology offers two key benefits: (1) the ability to tailor the chemical and phase composition of PDCs through molecular modification of the preceramic polymers, and (2) the processability of preceramic polymers by adjusting crosslinking and pyrolysis/annealing conditions. This review aims to comprehensively explore PDC processing strategies focused on boron-containing preceramic polymers and their resulting ceramic properties. For the first time, this review provides a comprehensive understanding of how boron influences the intrinsic functional and structural properties of advanced PDCs and provides perspectives for their potential applications. It critically assesses various synthesis approaches using preceramic polymers to produce boron-containing ceramics and related materials. The impact of boron on the derived ceramic microstructure and, in turn, on the properties of polymer-derived boron-containing ceramics are thoroughly discussed, considering both experimental and theoretical studies. Finally, potential advanced applications and future research directions centered on boron-containing PDCs are evaluated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 882-910"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.027
Aumber Abbas , Mujahid Mustaqeem , Jamal Kazmi , Ali Hassan , Taskeen Zahra , Muhammad Ahsan Iqbal , Mohammed Ashraf Gondal , Junfei Ou , Mojtaba Abdi-Jalebi
Room-temperature spin optoelectronics are poised to drive the next generation of spintronic devices, yet conventional approaches to control spin, charge, and light typically require both electrical and magnetic fields. The chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect has recently emerged as a promising platform for magnet-free spin control in chiral molecules. However, organic chiral systems often suffer from limitations in spin selectivity, polarization efficiency, and long-term stability, challenging the creation of robust, high-performance spintronic systems. Here, we present a magnet-free, room-temperature spin light-emitting diode (spin-LED) using a chiral two-dimensional (2D) superlattice to enable efficient and stable spin polarization via the CISS effect. The chiral superlattice is synthesized by intercalating layered 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with specific chiral molecules, creating a highly ordered superlattice of alternating crystalline atomic layers and self-assembled chiral molecular layers. The spin state of the injected charge carriers is polarized via the CISS effect as they pass through the chiral superlattice, resulting in a high relative spin polarization up to 90 %. These spin-polarized carriers recombine radiatively in the emission layer, producing circularly polarized electroluminescence (CP-EL). The resulting spin-LEDs exhibit a CP-EL polarization degree of ± 16.7 % and an external quantum efficiency of ∼ 18.9 % at room temperature, establishing a viable alternative to conventional spin-LED technologies. Notably, the strategy is extended to different TMDs, demonstrating comparable performance and highlighting the generalizability of the approach. This work establishes chiral 2D superlattices as a versatile platform for optospintronic applications, paving the way toward energy-efficient, magnet-free and room temperature spin-optoelectronic devices.
{"title":"Room temperature spin light-emitting diode based on chiral 2D superlattice","authors":"Aumber Abbas , Mujahid Mustaqeem , Jamal Kazmi , Ali Hassan , Taskeen Zahra , Muhammad Ahsan Iqbal , Mohammed Ashraf Gondal , Junfei Ou , Mojtaba Abdi-Jalebi","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Room-temperature spin optoelectronics are poised to drive the next generation of spintronic devices, yet conventional approaches to control spin, charge, and light typically require both electrical and magnetic fields. The chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect has recently emerged as a promising platform for magnet-free spin control in chiral molecules. However, organic chiral systems often suffer from limitations in spin selectivity, polarization efficiency, and long-term stability, challenging the creation of robust, high-performance spintronic systems. Here, we present a magnet-free, room-temperature spin light-emitting diode (spin-LED) using a chiral two-dimensional (2D) superlattice to enable efficient and stable spin polarization via the CISS effect. The chiral superlattice is synthesized by intercalating layered 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with specific chiral molecules, creating a highly ordered superlattice of alternating crystalline atomic layers and self-assembled chiral molecular layers. The spin state of the injected charge carriers is polarized via the CISS effect as they pass through the chiral superlattice, resulting in a high relative spin polarization up to 90 %. These spin-polarized carriers recombine radiatively in the emission layer, producing circularly polarized electroluminescence (CP-EL). The resulting spin-LEDs exhibit a CP-EL polarization degree of ± 16.7 % and an external quantum efficiency of ∼ 18.9 % at room temperature, establishing a viable alternative to conventional spin-LED technologies. Notably, the strategy is extended to different TMDs, demonstrating comparable performance and highlighting the generalizability of the approach. This work establishes chiral 2D superlattices as a versatile platform for optospintronic applications, paving the way toward energy-efficient, magnet-free and room temperature spin-optoelectronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 285-296"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145414986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.10.004
Maksym Myronov , Alex Bogan , Sergei Studenikin
The concurrent achievement of the record-low resistance charge transport and compatibility with spin qubit technology in solid-state materials is a critical milestone for advancing high-speed, energy-efficient classical and quantum electronics technologies. Here, we demonstrate that holes, the positively charged counterparts of electrons, can propagate with exceptional ease in a nanometres-thin compressively strained germanium layer epitaxially grown on a silicon substrate. Through precise material engineering, we achieve a record-breaking hole mobility of 7.15 × 106 cm2V-1s−1 at a density of 1.7 × 1011 cm−2, establishing a new benchmark for hole transport in group-IV semiconductor materials, importantly, epitaxially grown on a silicon substrate. Our work outlines a design strategy for realising an ultra-clean, low-dimensional system that confines highly mobile holes within a quantum well, while maintaining excellent electrostatic tunability. Crucially, the observed high hole mobility is achieved in gated Hall-bar devices, demonstrating their practical viability for scalable cryogenic classical and quantum electronics applications. These findings unlock new opportunities for a high-performance semiconductor platform capable of underpinning the next generation of quantum information processing, cloud data centres, AI-driven technologies and energy-efficient electronics.
{"title":"Hole mobility in compressively strained germanium on silicon exceeds 7 × 106 cm2V-1s−1","authors":"Maksym Myronov , Alex Bogan , Sergei Studenikin","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concurrent achievement of the record-low resistance charge transport and compatibility with spin qubit technology in solid-state materials is a critical milestone for advancing high-speed, energy-efficient classical and quantum electronics technologies. Here, we demonstrate that holes, the positively charged counterparts of electrons, can propagate with exceptional ease in a nanometres-thin compressively strained germanium layer epitaxially grown on a silicon substrate. Through precise material engineering, we achieve a record-breaking hole mobility of 7.15 × 10<sup>6</sup> cm<sup>2</sup>V<sup>-1</sup>s<sup>−1</sup> at a density of 1.7 × 10<sup>11</sup> cm<sup>−2</sup>, establishing a new benchmark for hole transport in group-IV semiconductor materials, importantly, epitaxially grown on a silicon substrate. Our work outlines a design strategy for realising an ultra-clean, low-dimensional system that confines highly mobile holes within a quantum well, while maintaining excellent electrostatic tunability. Crucially, the observed high hole mobility is achieved in gated Hall-bar devices, demonstrating their practical viability for scalable cryogenic classical and quantum electronics applications. These findings unlock new opportunities for a high-performance semiconductor platform capable of underpinning the next generation of quantum information processing, cloud data centres, AI-driven technologies and energy-efficient electronics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 314-321"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145414996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号