Materials Today最新文献_第7页

Exploring complex silver sulfide nano-systems as efficient photocatalysts for wastewater remediation and clean energy production: Toward sustainable and circular economy 探索复杂硫化银纳米系统作为废水修复和清洁能源生产的高效光催化剂：走向可持续和循环经济

IF 22 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.004

Abhimanyu , Karambir Singh , Harsh Sable , Sonu Sonu , Vinod Kumar , Pardeep Singh , Ajeet Kaushik , Pankaj Thakur , Vishal Chaudhary

Essential resources like air, water, food, and energy, particularly in transportation and technology sectors, are crucial for human survival and growth. However, challenges such as industrial dye pollution in soil and water, rising atmospheric CO₂ levels, and fossil fuel depletion form a complex ecological system and demand urgent action. Innovations in efficient solar energy harnessing, hydrogen production, CO₂ conversion to valuable chemicals, and eco-friendly dye degradation methods are critical for achieving sustainability. Multifunctional nanoparticles, especially metal sulfides, have gained attention due to their cost-effectiveness and appropriate band alignment of metal sulfides for solar fuel generation. Among them, silver sulfide (Ag₂S)-based nanomaterials stand out owing to narrow and tunable bandgaps and broad visible-light absorption. This review critically examines recent progress in Ag₂S-based nano-photocatalysts for dual applications: wastewater treatment and energy generation. It focuses on advanced engineering strategies like heterojunction formation and doping to enhance photocatalytic efficiency, stability, and selectivity. Additionally, it discusses the synergistic role of Ag₂S nanocomposites in degrading organic pollutants for wastewater remediation and promoting hydrogen evolution/CO₂ reduction for clean energy. The potential integration of these nano-photocatalysts into scalable systems aligned with circular economy principles is explored, emphasizing resource recovery, environmental sustainability, and low-carbon technologies. Current challenges, alternative strategies, and future directions are also highlighted to guide the development of next-generation Ag₂S-derived photocatalysts for environmental and energy applications for human welfare and the growth of society.

空气、水、食物和能源等基本资源，特别是在交通和技术领域，对人类的生存和发展至关重要。然而，诸如土壤和水中的工业染料污染、大气二氧化碳水平上升以及化石燃料枯竭等挑战构成了一个复杂的生态系统，需要采取紧急行动。在高效太阳能利用、制氢、二氧化碳转化为有价值的化学品以及环保染料降解方法方面的创新对于实现可持续发展至关重要。多功能纳米颗粒，特别是金属硫化物，由于其成本效益和金属硫化物在太阳能燃料发电中的合适波段排列而受到人们的关注。其中，硫化银（Ag2S）基纳米材料因其窄小可调的带隙和广泛的可见光吸收而脱颖而出。本文综述了近年来基于ag2的纳米光催化剂在废水处理和能源生产两方面的研究进展。它侧重于先进的工程策略，如异质结的形成和掺杂，以提高光催化效率，稳定性和选择性。此外，还讨论了Ag2S纳米复合材料在降解有机污染物用于废水修复和促进氢析/二氧化碳还原清洁能源中的协同作用。将这些纳米光催化剂整合到符合循环经济原则的可扩展系统的潜力进行了探索，强调资源回收、环境可持续性和低碳技术。本文还强调了当前的挑战、替代策略和未来的发展方向，以指导下一代ag2s衍生光催化剂的发展，为人类福利和社会发展提供环境和能源应用。

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引用次数: 0

Biological mechanical interlocking structures for materials reinforcement 材料加固用生物机械联锁结构

IF 22 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.010

Zhiyan Zhang , Yufei Wang , Zhengzhi Mu , Wenda Song , Shuang Zhang , Jialve Sun , Hexuan Yu , Shichao Niu , Zhiwu Han , Luquan Ren

After millions of years of evolution, biomaterials from typical creatures have developed unparalleled functional adaptability and mechanical properties, which offer significant insights and inspiration for the creation of advanced artificial materials. In recent decades, extensive research has indicated that biointerfaces are essential for preserving the structural integrity of natural materials and enabling their specific functions through multiscale hierarchical hyperfine structures. Interestingly, the biointerfaces as the shared zone between internal organism and external environment perfectly integrate three key factors, namely basic materials, ingenious structures, and excellent properties. As the masterpiece of these ingenious structures, mechanical interlocking structures (MIS) have been observed on many biointerfaces and their potential interaction mechanisms have been extensively studied. This review focuses on the widely existing MIS found in the typical creatures, summarizing the uncovered interlocking mechanisms behind their mechanical properties and design strategies for novel bioinspired interlocking materials (BIM). Based on their different functions and working mechanisms, the MIS were classified into two groups: irreversible and reversible MIS. Moreover, universal manufacturing techniques and approaches of BIM are summarized. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in developing BIM with excellent mechanical properties are proposed. The application scenarios of BIM are also summarized and envisioned.

经过数百万年的进化，来自典型生物的生物材料已经发展出无与伦比的功能适应性和机械性能，这为创造先进的人工材料提供了重要的见解和灵感。近几十年来，广泛的研究表明，生物界面对于保持天然材料的结构完整性和通过多尺度分层超精细结构实现其特定功能至关重要。有趣的是，生物界面作为生物内部与外部环境之间的共享区域，完美地结合了三个关键因素，即基础材料、巧妙的结构和优异的性能。机械互锁结构（MIS）作为这些巧妙结构的杰作，已在许多生物界面上被观察到，其潜在的相互作用机制已被广泛研究。本文综述了在典型生物中发现的广泛存在的MIS，总结了其机械特性背后的未发现的联锁机制和新型生物启发联锁材料（BIM）的设计策略。根据其不同的功能和工作机制，将MIS分为不可逆MIS和可逆MIS两大类。此外，还总结了BIM的通用制造技术和方法。最后，提出了发展具有优异力学性能的BIM所面临的挑战和机遇。并对BIM的应用场景进行了总结和展望。

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引用次数: 0

Are quantum materials economically and environmentally sustainable? 量子材料在经济和环境上是可持续的吗？

IF 22 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.014

Artittaya Boonkird , Mouyang Cheng , Abhijatmedhi Chotrattanapituk , Denisse Córdova Carrizales , Ryotaro Okabe , Nathan C. Drucker , Manasi Mandal , Thanh Nguyen , Jingjie Yeo , Vsevolod Belosevich , Ellan Spero , Christine Ortiz , Qiong Ma , Liang Fu , Tomas Palacios , Farnaz Niroui , Mingda Li

Quantum materials have revolutionized energy, information, and healthcare technologies, yet their development has largely prioritized performance over economic and environmental impacts—key factors for industrial adoption. Using topological materials as a case study, we present a data-driven framework that evaluates over 16,000 materials based on cost, supply chain resilience, energy demand, toxicity, and environmental footprint. By integrating the recently proposed quantum weight – a metric quantifying quantum behavior – we reveal a striking trend: materials with stronger quantum effects often exhibit higher environmental impact, posing challenges for scalability and industrial adoption. To address this, we identify a small set of materials that achieve a balance between quantum functionality and sustainability. Our approach enables high-throughput, AI-driven materials discovery that incorporates economic and environmental influences from the outset, guiding the development of quantum materials for next-generation microelectronics and energy harvesting technologies.

量子材料已经彻底改变了能源、信息和医疗保健技术，但它们的发展在很大程度上优先考虑了性能，而不是经济和环境影响——这是工业采用的关键因素。以拓扑材料为例，我们提出了一个数据驱动的框架，根据成本、供应链弹性、能源需求、毒性和环境足迹对16,000多种材料进行评估。通过整合最近提出的量子权重（量化量子行为的度量），我们揭示了一个惊人的趋势：具有更强量子效应的材料通常表现出更高的环境影响，这对可扩展性和工业应用提出了挑战。为了解决这个问题，我们确定了一组在量子功能和可持续性之间取得平衡的材料。我们的方法能够实现高通量、人工智能驱动的材料发现，从一开始就结合了经济和环境影响，指导下一代微电子和能量收集技术的量子材料的开发。

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引用次数: 0

Silyl additives-driven synergistic inhibition engineering enables 4.9 V LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 batteries beyond 300 Wh kg−1 硅基助剂驱动的协同抑制工程使4.9 V LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4电池超过300 Wh kg−1

IF 22 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.022

Liang Li , Tao Yang , Kaixiang Ren , Xinchun Song , Shilin Wu , Hai-Wen Li , Zhipeng Jiang , Mengjun Sun , Yongtao Li

Lithium-LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ (LNMO) batteries are considered promising candidates for high-energy–density storage due to their high operational voltage and low cost. However, existing electrolytes typically fail to balance high-voltage stability with electrode compatibility, thereby limiting their performance under practical conditions. In this study, we present a synergistic inhibition engineering in which silyl additives—triethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TESOTf) and tris(trimethylsiloxy)boron (TMSB)—are incorporated into a conventional carbonate electrolyte, leading to stable cycling of Li-LNMO batteries at voltages as high as 4.9 V. Through in situ techniques and theoretical simulations, we demonstrate that TMSB immobilizes free PF₆⁻ ions in the electrolyte, while TESOTf preferentially consumes trace amounts of water, thereby shifting the hydrolysis reaction pathway of PF₆⁻ and reducing side reactions at the cathode. Electrochemical tests show that the addition of small quantities of TESOTf and TMSB significantly enhances the rate capability (10C for 85.2 mAh g⁻¹), cycling stability (5C for 500 cycles), and high-temperature performance (60 °C, 5C for 300 cycles) of Li-LNMO cells. More importantly, a practical 3 Ah Li-LNMO pouch cell containing these additives demonstrated stable cycling under practical conditions (20 mg cm⁻², 20 μm Li, 2 g Ah⁻¹), achieving an energy density exceeding 300 Wh kg⁻¹.

锂- lini0.5 mn1.5 o4 （LNMO）电池由于其高工作电压和低成本而被认为是高能量密度存储的有前途的候选者。然而，现有的电解质通常无法平衡高压稳定性和电极兼容性，从而限制了它们在实际条件下的性能。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种协同抑制工程，将硅基添加剂-三乙基硅基三氟甲烷磺酸盐（TESOTf）和三（三甲基硅氧基）硼(TMSB) -加入到传统的碳酸盐电解质中，导致锂- lnmo电池在高达4.9 V的电压下稳定循环。通过原位技术和理论模拟，我们证明了TMSB固定了电解质中的游离PF6 -离子，而TESOTf优先消耗微量的水，从而改变了PF6 -的水解反应途径，减少了阴极的副反应。电化学测试表明，少量TESOTf和TMSB的加入显著提高了锂离子锂电池的倍率能力（10C, 85.2 mAh g−1）、循环稳定性（5C， 500次循环）和高温性能（60℃，5C， 300次循环）。更重要的是，含有这些添加剂的实用3 Ah Li- lnmo袋状电池在实际条件下（20 mg cm−2,20 μm Li, 2g Ah−1）表现出稳定的循环，能量密度超过300 Wh kg−1。

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引用次数: 0

Chromium ion-pair and cluster coupling for tunable near-infrared luminescent material design 用于可调谐近红外发光材料的铬离子对和簇耦合设计

IF 22 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.005

Ruijie Ji, Xiaorong Wang, Zhezhe Su, Nan Zhang, Yuhan Zhou, Yuhua Wang, Takatoshi Seto

The development of next-generation near-infrared (NIR) light sources demands ultra-efficient phosphors with tunable emission. While conventional phosphor designs rely on isolated Cr³⁺ ions, here we demonstrate a novel strategy leveraging exchange-coupled Cr³⁺-Cr³⁺ ion pairs and clusters to achieve broadband NIR emission in BaAl₁₁O₁₆N: Cr³⁺. Concentration dependent emission tuning from narrowband to broadband is realized via Cr³⁺ occupation at edge-sharing octahedral sites, forming pairs and clusters that generate three distinct emission centers. Spectroscopic and structural analyses exclude conventional ⁴T₂→⁴A₂ transitions, confirming cluster-dominated emission. Developed phosphors exhibit exceptional performance: 97.8 % quantum efficiency (QE) and 75.2 %@423 K thermal stability for BAON: 0.05Cr³⁺; 75.2 % QE and 49.8 %@423 K for BAON: 0.2Cr³⁺, surpassing most Cr³⁺-activated β-Al₂O₃ systems, especially famous BAM: Cr³⁺. Fabricated NIR phosphor-converted LED device enable bioimaging and non-invasive detection, while light-conversion films boost eggplant seedings growing by 25.16 %. This work establishes a paradigm for Cr³⁺ cluster-designed phosphors, advancing the luminescent mechanistic understanding of β- Al₂O₃-related structures.

下一代近红外（NIR）光源的发展需要发射可调的超高效荧光粉。虽然传统的荧光粉设计依赖于分离的Cr3+离子，但在这里，我们展示了一种利用交换偶联Cr3+-Cr3+离子对和簇来实现BaAl11O16N: Cr3+宽带近红外发射的新策略。从窄带到宽带的浓度依赖性发射调谐通过Cr3+占据边缘共享的八面体位置来实现，形成对和簇，产生三个不同的发射中心。光谱和结构分析排除了传统的4T2→4A2跃迁，证实了星团主导的发射。开发的荧光粉表现出优异的性能：BAON: 0.05Cr3+的量子效率（QE）为97.8%，@423 K热稳定性为75.2%；BAON: 0.2Cr3+的QE为75.2%，K为49.8%，优于大多数Cr3+活化的β-Al2O3体系，特别是著名的BAM: Cr3+。制备的近红外磷光转换LED器件实现了生物成像和无创检测，而光转换薄膜使茄子幼苗生长提高了25.16%。这项工作为Cr3+团簇设计的荧光粉建立了一个范例，促进了对β- al2o3相关结构的发光机制的理解。

{"title":"Chromium ion-pair and cluster coupling for tunable near-infrared luminescent material design","authors":"Ruijie Ji, Xiaorong Wang, Zhezhe Su, Nan Zhang, Yuhan Zhou, Yuhua Wang, Takatoshi Seto","doi":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of next-generation near-infrared (NIR) light sources demands ultra-efficient phosphors with tunable emission. While conventional phosphor designs rely on isolated Cr<sup>3+</sup> ions, here we demonstrate a novel strategy leveraging exchange-coupled Cr<sup>3+</sup>-Cr<sup>3+</sup> ion pairs and clusters to achieve broadband NIR emission in BaAl<sub>11</sub>O<sub>16</sub>N: Cr<sup>3+</sup>. Concentration dependent emission tuning from narrowband to broadband is realized via Cr<sup>3+</sup> occupation at edge-sharing octahedral sites, forming pairs and clusters that generate three distinct emission centers. Spectroscopic and structural analyses exclude conventional <sup>4</sup>T<sub>2</sub>→<sup>4</sup>A<sub>2</sub> transitions, confirming cluster-dominated emission. Developed phosphors exhibit exceptional performance: 97.8 % quantum efficiency (QE) and 75.2 %@423 K thermal stability for BAON: 0.05Cr<sup>3+</sup>; 75.2 % QE and 49.8 %@423 K for BAON: 0.2Cr<sup>3+</sup>, surpassing most Cr<sup>3+</sup>-activated β-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> systems, especially famous BAM: Cr<sup>3+</sup>. Fabricated NIR phosphor-converted LED device enable bioimaging and non-invasive detection, while light-conversion films boost eggplant seedings growing by 25.16 %. This work establishes a paradigm for Cr<sup>3+</sup> cluster-designed phosphors, advancing the luminescent mechanistic understanding of β- Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-related structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":387,"journal":{"name":"Materials Today","volume":"90 ","pages":"Pages 188-197"},"PeriodicalIF":22.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145415131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Smart multifunctional memory devices capable of sensing: The role of responsive materials in advancing nonvolatile memories 具有传感能力的智能多功能存储设备：响应材料在推进非易失性存储器中的作用

IF 22 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.032

Bashayr Alqahtani, Dhananjay Kumbhar, Abdul Momin Syed, M.D. Hasan Raza Ansari, Hanrui Li, Kevin Dominguez, Pratibha Pal, Malak Albagami, Dayanand Kumar, Abril Alvarado, Nazek El-Atab

In-memory sensing represents a paradigm shift in the integrated device domain, offering a holistic approach to sensing, memory, and processing functionalities within a single unit. This review comprehensively explores nonvolatile memory devices, emphasizing their role as fundamental components for integrating diverse functionalities. The discussion encompasses various in-memory sensing approaches utilizing a range of memory technologies, including charge-trapping memory, memcapacitors, memristors, ferroelectric transistors, and phase-change memory. Such devices, constructed using different materials and operating through diverse mechanisms, offer versatility and efficiency in sensing applications. Furthermore, this review highlights the capability of such devices to respond to a broad spectrum of physical stimuli, including temperature variations, sound, and pressure; their utility in chemical sensing, including gas detection and quantification; and their application in humidity sensing. Furthermore, recent developments in multimodal sensing and integrated in-memory sensing and computing in artificial sensory systems are elucidated. The challenges and potential future trajectories in the rapidly evolving field are discussed, underscoring the transformative impact of the advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies.

内存感知代表了集成设备领域的范式转变，为单个单元内的感知、存储和处理功能提供了一种整体方法。这篇综述全面探讨了非易失性存储器件，强调了它们作为集成各种功能的基本组件的作用。讨论包括利用一系列存储技术的各种内存传感方法，包括电荷捕获存储器，记忆电容器，记忆电阻器，铁电晶体管和相变存储器。这些装置采用不同的材料构造，通过不同的机制运行，在传感应用中提供了多功能性和效率。此外，这篇综述强调了这种设备对广泛的物理刺激做出反应的能力，包括温度变化、声音和压力；它们在化学传感中的应用，包括气体检测和定量；及其在湿度传感中的应用。此外，本文还介绍了人工感觉系统中多模态感知和内存感知与计算集成的最新进展。讨论了快速发展领域的挑战和潜在的未来轨迹，强调了人工智能和机器学习技术进步的变革性影响。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling quantum geyser dynamics: A breakthrough in light enhancement with InGaN nanorod LED arrays 揭示量子间歇泉动力学：InGaN纳米棒LED阵列在光增强方面的突破

IF 22 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.029

Sung-Un Kim , Min-Seok Lee , Vignesh Veeramuthu , Jeong-Kyun Oh , Eun-A Hong , Ja-Yeon Kim , Yong-Ho Ra

The relentless drive toward ultra-high-resolution micro-LEDs has been hindered by efficiency losses arising from surface recombination and photon leakage at sub-10-µm dimensions. Overcoming these barriers requires a paradigm shift in photonic engineering. Here, we unveil a breakthrough luminescence enhancement mechanism – termed the “Quantum Geyser Effect” – which harnesses photonic recycling to achieve unprecedented vertical emission efficiency in GaN based nanorod (NR) array LEDs. By leveraging a meticulously optimized cylindrical NR architecture, we demonstrate an 11-fold enhancement in light output, driven by self-optical feedback and spontaneous emission redistribution within the NR array. Experimental micro-PL and time-resolved PL analyses, coupled with 3D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations, reveal that lateral photon exchange between adjacent NRs fosters robust waveguiding modes, dramatically elevating the Purcell factor and enabling amplified vertical emission. This pioneering work redefines light extraction strategies by transforming leakage losses into self-sustaining luminescence, marking a pivotal leap toward next-generation micro-LEDs for ultra-fine AR/VR displays, high-speed optical communication, and intelligent optoelectronic interfaces.

超高分辨率微型led的发展一直受到表面复合和10微米以下尺寸光子泄漏带来的效率损失的阻碍。克服这些障碍需要光子工程的范式转变。在这里，我们揭示了一种突破性的发光增强机制-称为“量子间歇泉效应”-利用光子回收在GaN基纳米棒（NR）阵列led中实现前所未有的垂直发射效率。通过利用精心优化的圆柱形NR架构，我们展示了由NR阵列内的自光反馈和自发发射再分配驱动的光输出增强了11倍。实验微PL和时间分辨PL分析，加上三维时域有限差分（FDTD）模拟，揭示了相邻nr之间的横向光子交换促进了鲁棒波导模式，显著提高了Purcell因子并实现了放大的垂直发射。这项开创性的工作通过将泄漏损耗转化为自维持发光，重新定义了光提取策略，标志着下一代微型led在超精细AR/VR显示、高速光通信和智能光电接口方面的关键飞跃。

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引用次数: 0

Stereolithography-based 3D printing of silica with solutions without organic binders 基于立体平版印刷的无有机粘合剂的二氧化硅溶液3D打印

IF 22 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.08.026

Amir Reisinger, Natanel Jarach, Shlomo Magdassi

Herein, we present a novel, binder-free, stereolithography-based 3D printing approach for fabricating complex sol-gel silica glassy structures at the centimeter scale using only sol-gel chemistry. Unlike conventional methods that rely on organic photopolymerizable resins or hybrid monomers, our process eliminates the need for sacrificial organic binders and the associated high temperature debinding steps. The proposed method utilizes a photo-base generator to induce a localized pH change upon irradiation, triggering spatially controlled sol-gel polymerization. After printing and rinsing, the resulting gel structures are transformed into mesoporous silica through low-temperature heat treatment at 250 ℃. The printed silica objects exhibit moderate transparency, minimal shrinkage (∼25 %), and a well-defined mesoporous structure with pore sizes predominantly in the 4-8 nm range. Solid-state ²⁹Si NMR spectroscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy confirm enhanced silica condensation under vacuum, achieving a near-theoretical Si:O atomic ratio. This approach enables the scalable production of binder-free, high-resolution silica objects with potential applications in optics, biomedical engineering, and microfluidics.

在此，我们提出了一种新颖的，无粘合剂的，基于立体光刻的3D打印方法，用于仅使用溶胶-凝胶化学在厘米尺度上制造复杂的溶胶-凝胶硅玻璃结构。与依赖有机光聚合树脂或杂交单体的传统方法不同，我们的工艺不需要牺牲有机粘合剂和相关的高温脱粘步骤。所提出的方法利用光碱发生器在照射时诱导局部pH变化，触发空间控制的溶胶-凝胶聚合。打印和漂洗后，得到的凝胶结构经过250℃低温热处理转化为介孔二氧化硅。打印的二氧化硅物体具有中等透明度，最小收缩率（~ 25%）和明确的介孔结构，孔径主要在4-8 nm范围内。固态29Si核磁共振光谱和能量色散x射线光谱证实了真空下二氧化硅凝聚增强，实现了接近理论的Si:O原子比。这种方法可以大规模生产无粘合剂、高分辨率的二氧化硅物体，在光学、生物医学工程和微流体领域具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Ultra-soft near-infrared perovskite LEDs with over 20% efficiency 超软近红外钙钛矿led，效率超过20%

IF 22 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.011

Yongqiang Ji , Maotao Yu , Hao-Hsin Chen , Qixuan Zhong , Qiuyang Li , Lichen Zhao , Haoming Yan , Zhangyuchang Lu , Tianyu Huang , Peng Chen , Shunde Li , Lei Li , Fan Xu , Hongyu Xu , Xiaoyu Yang , Hengwei Qiu , Pingping Zhao , Juntao Hu , Zheng-Hong Lu , Deying Luo , Jiang Wu

Soft near-infrared perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) with exceptional external quantum efficiencies (EQEs) play a vital role in soft sensors and biomedical devices, serving as conformal and wearable human–machine interactive interfaces. However, the performance of soft near-infrared PeLEDs still lags behind that of PeLEDs made on rigid substrates, primarily due to the lack of suitable soft electrodes. Here, we report an effective approach to produce high-quality ultra-soft electrodes that are suitable for high-efficiency near-infrared PeLEDs. These electrodes, with outstanding mechanical and optoelectronic properties (greater than the optical transmission of commercially available ITO electrodes), are achieved by sputtering Ti, Ga, and Zr-doped indium oxide (ITGZO) onto a man-made ultra-soft parylene substrate. Combined with an ethanolamine (EA)-engineered nanocrystals (NCs) electron injection layer, the ultra-soft near-infrared PeLEDs exhibit an EQE of 20.2 %. The entire device can be peeled off from the substrate, showing a thickness close to 4 μm. Moreover, the peeled-off ultra-soft PeLEDs demonstrate superior mechanical durability when tested at a 1.0 mm radius of curvature. The weight-to-area ratio of the entire PeLED system, which includes ultralight and ultra-soft electrodes, is 600 times lower than that of conventional devices, indicating their potential for soft conformal biomedical devices on skin.

软近红外钙钛矿发光二极管（PeLEDs）具有优异的外量子效率（EQEs），在软传感器和生物医学设备中起着至关重要的作用，可以作为保形和可穿戴的人机交互界面。然而，由于缺乏合适的软电极，软近红外ped的性能仍然落后于在刚性衬底上制作的ped。在这里，我们报告了一种有效的方法来生产高质量的超软电极，适用于高效率的近红外等离子体发光二极管。这些电极具有优异的机械和光电性能（比市售ITO电极的光传输性能更好），是通过在人造超软聚对二甲苯衬底上溅射Ti， Ga和zr掺杂氧化铟（ITGZO）来实现的。与乙醇胺（EA）工程纳米晶体（NCs）电子注入层结合，超软近红外pled的EQE为20.2%。整个器件可以从衬底上剥离，厚度接近4 μm。此外，当在1.0 mm曲率半径下测试时，剥离的超软ped显示出优异的机械耐久性。整个PeLED系统的重量面积比，包括超轻和超软电极，比传统设备低600倍，表明它们在皮肤上的软适形生物医学设备的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Tough and damage-tolerant composite ceramics enabled by bioinspired multiple architectures 由生物启发的多重架构实现的坚韧和耐损伤复合陶瓷

IF 22 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Materials Today

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.mattod.2025.09.002

Shuna Chen , Hengzhong Fan , Yunfeng Su , Junjie Song , Changning Bai , Qiangqiang Zhang , Ming Hu , Yongsheng Zhang , Litian Hu , Weimin Liu

Natural materials rely on elaborate structures with usually simple constituents, typically exhibiting superior comprehensive properties. Bio-structural strategies consequently offer an attractive approach to improve the toughness and damage resistance of brittle ceramics with mutually exclusive strength and toughness through extrinsic reinforcements. Here, several bionic alumina composite ceramics are designed and constructed with alumina fibers to form multiple hierarchical architectures at various dimensions and scales, achieving a unique combination of high toughness (26 MPa m^1/2) and favorable strength (245 MPa). Notably, the theoretical critical crack size (0.229 mm) and damage tolerance parameter (0.852 m^1/2) are over 700 % and 200 % increases with respect to the reference alumina, respectively, demonstrating an exceptional damage tolerance. This stems from the extrinsic toughening mechanisms that act on the crack propagation process, endowing materials with a potential that large-size cracks can produce and exist between the fibers while preserving its load-bearing capacity to the greatest extent possible. Based on the theoretical critical crack size and damage tolerance parameter, various bio-inspired composite ceramics and traditional ceramics are compared and discussed for potential engineering applications.

天然材料依赖于复杂的结构，通常由简单的成分组成，通常表现出优越的综合性能。因此，生物结构策略提供了一种有吸引力的方法来提高脆性陶瓷的韧性和抗损伤性，这种脆性陶瓷具有互斥的强度和韧性，通过外部增强。本研究利用氧化铝纤维设计和构建了几种仿生氧化铝复合陶瓷，形成了不同尺寸和尺度的多层结构，实现了高韧性（26 MPa m1/2）和良好强度（245 MPa）的独特组合。值得注意的是，与参考氧化铝相比，理论临界裂纹尺寸（0.229 mm）和损伤容限参数（0.852 m1/2）分别增加了700%和200%以上，显示出优异的损伤容限。这源于作用于裂纹扩展过程的外部增韧机制，赋予材料在纤维之间产生和存在大尺寸裂纹的潜力，同时最大程度地保留其承载能力。基于理论临界裂纹尺寸和损伤容限参数，对各种仿生复合陶瓷与传统陶瓷的工程应用前景进行了比较和探讨。

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