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The Gaze and Its Signifiers: Stain, Dirt, Garbage 凝视及其能指:污点、污垢、垃圾
Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.46539/gmd.v4i3.312
K. Shevtsov
The article analyzes the concept of pollution as a deviation from the order or destruction of the meaning that ensures the establishment and reproduction of this order. We can talk about visual pollution only if we clarify how we see the meaning of visuality. To describe and reveal this meaning, the article proposes and develops the concept of gaze-returning, and it also defines a number of criteria that allow us to characterize some visual phenomena as dirt or visual garbage. The phenomenon of dirt in visible space is associated with the figure of the gaze and the possibility of investing in this space the experience of other senses and the body as a whole. The foreignness of these components of visuality can work to strengthen it — to articulate differences and fix them, and finally, to the technological reproduction of visual images; however, the same components contribute to the simulation of the gaze and the displacement of the living experience of vision by its technical signs, which is the reason of the problem of destruction of the visual order.
本文分析了污染概念作为一种偏离秩序或破坏秩序的意义,保证了这一秩序的建立和再生产。只有当我们弄清楚我们如何看待视觉的意义时,我们才能谈论视觉污染。为了描述和揭示这一意义,文章提出并发展了视线回归的概念,并定义了一些标准,使我们能够将某些视觉现象定性为污垢或视觉垃圾。可见空间中的污垢现象与凝视的形象以及在这个空间中投资其他感官和整体身体体验的可能性有关。这些视觉组成部分的异域性可以加强它-阐明差异并修复它们,最后是视觉图像的技术复制;然而,同样的成分也促成了凝视的模拟和视觉的生活经验被其技术符号所取代,这就是视觉秩序破坏问题的原因。
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引用次数: 0
Antagonism of Discourses around Cultural Heritage 文化遗产话语的对抗性
Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.46539/gmd.v4i3.316
A. Sosnovskaya
The article provides a discourse-analysis of the contemporary conflict over the preservation of Historic Centre of Saint Petersburg and Related Groups of Monuments. The main participants in this conflict are 10 interest groups, which are reassembled each time in the process of articulating the discourse of their group. These actors are: UNESCO, local and federal governments, businesses, urban conservationists, residents and existing physical heritage. The article considers the dispositive of discourses that supports group formation and group identity. The results found are presented visually and graphically. From the media and social networks, the case of the destruction of the heritage is reconstructed and the discourse of city defenders is considered. The conflict of discourses and new types of antagonisms associated with different ones are reconstructed: the regime of affects, the visualization of the city, the development of the objective environment, the instruments of social action, and representation in the media and social networks. The article is intended for those interested in discursive analysis, actor-network theory, affect theory, world heritage, visualization of space, media, identity, and urbanism.
本文对圣彼得堡历史中心及相关古迹群保护的当代冲突进行了话语分析。这场冲突的主要参与者是10个利益集团,这些利益集团每次在阐明其集团话语的过程中都会重新组合。这些参与者包括:联合国教科文组织、地方和联邦政府、企业、城市保护主义者、居民和现有的物质遗产。本文考察了支持群体形成和群体认同的话语的支配性。所发现的结果以视觉和图形形式呈现。从媒体和社交网络的角度,重构了遗产被破坏的案例,并思考了城市维护者的话语。话语的冲突和与不同话语相关的新型对抗被重构:情感的体制、城市的可视化、客观环境的发展、社会行动的工具以及媒体和社会网络中的代表。本文面向对话语分析、行动者网络理论、情感理论、世界遗产、空间可视化、媒介、身份和城市主义感兴趣的读者。
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引用次数: 0
From Masotopia to Thigmotaxis: the Tame of Paradoxal Spaces 从Masotopia到Thigmotaxis:悖论空间的驯服
Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.46539/gmd.v4i3.313
K. Ocheretyany
Architecture is rooted in the web of metaphors by which man lives. These metaphors are rooted not so much in our thinking as in our body. However, the establishment of the monopoly of optocentrism subordinated these metaphors to the technological and clinical logic of the organization of space, sterilizing it, exploiting the geons – namely, the invariants with respect to the point of view, and forming masotopia, i.e. places that reduce person’s abilities, reduce the essence of one’s activity to nothing and, accordingly, deepen feelings of despair and guilt. The challenge is to compel a thigmotactic turn in smart city planning. Tigmotaxis in ecology is an orientation by a variety of points of contact with the environment, which allow you to resist currents, take the optimal position of the body and maintain tone. To balance the geon monopoly with thigmotaxis means to re-actualize the bodily resource: emotional, sensory, behavioral. The article shows that such a re-actualization can only be carried out by updating the metaphorical strategies embodied in the organization of space using technologies for glitch-therapy: appealing to visual and informational data, which were considered redundant or garbage (creating noise, glitch, monster). The article is intended for media philosophers, anthropologists, urbanists and digital culture theorists.
建筑植根于人类赖以生存的隐喻之网。这些隐喻与其说根植于我们的思想,不如说是根植于我们的身体。然而,光中心主义垄断的建立使这些隐喻服从于空间组织的技术和临床逻辑,对其进行了消毒,利用了其本质,即观点的不变性,并形成了受虐妄想,即减少人的能力,将人的活动本质减少为虚无,从而加深绝望和内疚的感觉的地方。我们面临的挑战是,如何迫使智慧城市规划在战术上发生转变。生态学中的紧致性(Tigmotaxis)是指通过与环境的各种接触点进行定向,使您能够抵抗电流,采取最佳的身体位置并保持音调。要想在垄断和垄断之间取得平衡,就意味着要重新实现身体资源:情感、感官和行为。本文表明,这种重新实现只能通过使用故障治疗技术更新空间组织中体现的隐喻策略来实现:诉诸于被认为是冗余或垃圾(制造噪音、故障、怪物)的视觉和信息数据。本文适用于媒体哲学家、人类学家、城市学家和数字文化理论家。
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引用次数: 0
“Slow” Visual Environment in the Urban Landscapes 城市景观中的“慢”视觉环境
Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.46539/gmd.v4i3.314
Zhanna V. Nikolaeva
The article observes different aspects of the visual ecology in the urban architectural environment and a new public discussion that arose around the anti-acceleration trends (“Slow Architecture”, “Slow Cities”). The theory of the urbanized landscapes visual image’s perception analyzes, from the standpoint of rational aesthetics, critical theory of architecture, topological reflection, and the new ethics of consumption. Philosophical reflection on the phenomenon of slow perception of life, slow activity and the meaning of contemplation is of great importance for the formation of the concept of “slow visual environment”. The hypothesis of the need to limit the iconic forms’ entropy in the visual environment is verified by the examples of objects creating an aggressive landscape and visual pollution. Criteria are offered, defining the visual pollution of urban landscapes, as well as the methods for achieving visual environmental friendliness by slowing down the visual message.
本文观察了城市建筑环境中视觉生态的不同方面,以及围绕反加速趋势(“慢建筑”、“慢城市”)产生的新的公共讨论。城市景观视觉意象感知理论从理性美学、建筑批判理论、拓扑反思、新消费伦理等角度进行分析。对慢感知生活、慢活动、慢观照意义等现象的哲学反思,对于“慢视觉环境”概念的形成具有重要意义。需要限制视觉环境中标志性形式的熵的假设,通过创造侵略性景观和视觉污染的物体的例子得到了验证。提出了定义城市景观视觉污染的标准,以及通过减缓视觉信息来实现视觉环境友好的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Digital Transformation of Education for Sustainability of the Caspian Region 里海地区可持续发展教育的数字化转型
Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.46539/gmd.v4i3.321
S. Agafonova, Natalya G. Bryukhova, Boris Kaigorodov, Yu. V. Kuznetsova
In the modern times of the fourth industrial revolution, digital technologies have spread throughout all spheres of life. In the context of rapid technological changes, it is necessary to maintain social sustainability, implying a balance between the development of economic, environmental and social – including educational – spheres. Theoretical analysis of WoS scientific papers published within the period from 2017 to 2021 has identified specific features of the dependence of sustainable development on the digital transformation of education. Analysis of these features in relation to Astrakhan State University allowed to identify areas of digitalization in education that are being actively developed (training and retraining of HR for the digital economy, improving digital literacy of the population, developing competencies that are professionally relevant for the digital economy) and areas of activities that require effort mobilization (upgrading educational technologies, methods, content and learning outcomes, developing a digital learning environment, increasing the digital and ethical competence of teachers, stimulating environmental education). The results obtained are of applied relevance for the training of highly skilled professionals capable of addressing professional tasks with the use of modern digital tools, both for sustainable development of Astrakhan Region and other Caspian bordering regions of Russia, as well as the Caspian countries.
在第四次工业革命的现代,数字技术已经渗透到生活的各个领域。在技术迅速变化的情况下,必须保持社会的可持续性,这意味着在经济、环境和社会- -包括教育- -领域的发展之间取得平衡。对2017 - 2021年WoS发表的科学论文进行理论分析,发现了可持续发展对教育数字化转型依赖的具体特征。通过分析与阿斯特拉罕国立大学相关的这些特征,可以确定正在积极发展的教育数字化领域(数字经济人力资源的培训和再培训,提高人口的数字素养,发展与数字经济相关的专业能力)以及需要动员努力的活动领域(升级教育技术,方法,内容和学习成果,发展数字化学习环境,提高教师的数字化和道德能力,促进环境教育)。所获得的结果对于培养能够利用现代数字工具解决专业任务的高技能专业人员具有应用意义,既可以促进阿斯特拉罕地区和俄罗斯其他里海沿岸地区的可持续发展,也可以促进里海国家。
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引用次数: 0
Urban Shivers: Recoding Actual Space in Disco Elysium 城市颤抖:在迪斯科极乐世界中重新编码实际空间
Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.46539/gmd.v4i3.318
A. Medvedeva
The functioning of urban space in games is often passive, since the city acts as an object of observation, a scenery for the player’s actions. In the Disco Elysium game, the city receives its voice, soul, and will, which the player can observe by activating the “Shivers” skill. This study analyzes how the “Shivers” skill encodes the actual space of the city and what functions it performs for the player. We used the theoretical frame of K. Lynch and identified five patterns of encoding paths, boundaries, nodes, landmarks, and time. Each of these patterns symbolically rethinks the actual space, translating it into the virtual language of artistic techniques. The analysis revealed that the use of a unifying interface for displaying mental chains, including the “Shivers” skill, shifts the focus from interpreting the visual appearance of space to drawing an analogy between the symbolic recoding of this space and the cognitive architecture of the protagonist. Thus the analogy is transformed into a “conciliatory contrast”. There is no need for a total renewal of space while a combination of conflicting qualities preserves, maintaining the essence of each of them.
在游戏中,城市空间的功能通常是被动的,因为城市是一个观察对象,是玩家行动的场景。在《Disco Elysium》游戏中,城市拥有自己的声音、灵魂和意志,玩家可以通过激活“Shivers”技能来观察。本研究分析了“Shivers”技能如何编码城市的实际空间,以及它对玩家的作用。我们使用K. Lynch的理论框架,确定了编码路径、边界、节点、地标和时间的五种模式。每一种图案都象征性地重新思考了现实空间,将其转化为艺术技巧的虚拟语言。分析显示,使用统一的界面来显示心理链,包括“颤抖”技能,将焦点从解释空间的视觉外观转移到在空间的符号重新编码和主角的认知结构之间进行类比。这样,这个类比就变成了“和解的对比”。没有必要对空间进行全面更新,同时保留了相互冲突的品质的组合,保持了它们各自的本质。
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引用次数: 0
Advertising Design of Urban Development 城市发展广告设计
Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.46539/gmd.v4i3.322
Irina A. Leonova, Marina M. Khramova, Natalya V. Zaichkina
Outdoor advertising has traditionally been considered one of the most important components of the mass media complex. Having an impact on all layers of society, advertising has become a kind of projection of the values that society lives by, and reflects its social and cultural level. However, the redundant use of outdoor advertising has led to the fact that in recent years the problem of the lack of aesthetics of Russian cities has become very acute. We studied and analyzed the current situation with poor-quality outdoor advertising design in modern cities to search new approaches and tools to solve the problem of unsightly cities on the example of the city of Astrakhan. The research was based on the synergetic principle of studying the object, on the method of system analysis of psychological diagnostics (observation, conversation, questionnaire), and on the analysis of the existing situation of outdoor advertising in Astrakhan. We also suggested the list of aspects and conditions important for creating interesting in design and content outdoor advertisement. Analyzing the answers to the questionnaire and basing on the study of the state of outdoor advertising in the urban environment, we formulated the conditions of normalizing the state of the urban space, meaning its quality and placement. Outdoor advertising is developing along with the improvement of information and communication technologies. A person’s contact with advertising in contemporary city is inevitable. At the same time, there are already a lot of tools available at the moment, to strengthen the impact of advertising on citizens. Therefore, it is necessary to approach the choice of a particular tool with special responsibility, so that advertising, as an integral component of an up-today city, does not damage the urban space.
户外广告历来被认为是大众传媒综合体中最重要的组成部分之一。广告对社会各阶层都有影响,它已经成为社会赖以生存的价值观的一种投射,反映了社会和文化水平。然而,户外广告的过度使用导致近年来俄罗斯城市缺乏审美的问题变得非常尖锐。我们以阿斯特拉罕市为例,对现代城市户外广告设计质量不佳的现状进行研究和分析,寻找解决城市不美观问题的新途径和新工具。本研究以研究对象的协同原则为基础,采用心理诊断的系统分析方法(观察、对话、问卷),对阿斯特拉罕市户外广告的现状进行分析。我们还提出了在设计和内容上创造有趣的户外广告的重要方面和条件。通过对问卷调查结果的分析,在对城市户外广告在城市环境中的状态进行研究的基础上,我们制定了规范城市空间状态的条件,即城市空间的质量和位置。户外广告是随着信息通信技术的进步而发展起来的。在当代城市中,人们与广告的接触是不可避免的。与此同时,目前已经有很多工具可以用来加强广告对市民的影响。因此,有必要以特殊的责任来对待特定工具的选择,使广告作为一个现代城市的组成部分,不会损害城市空间。
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引用次数: 2
Biopolitical Aspect of Contemporary Urban Media Architecture 当代城市媒体建筑的生命政治层面
Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.46539/gmd.v4i3.296
Anastasya A. Kuznetsova
This article is devoted to the study of problems that may occur within the framework of biopolitical approach implementation in the context of contemporary urban management. Considerable emphasis is made upon the study of the media phenomenon development, formation of media architecture infrastructure as an approach of the biopolitics of emotions. The aim of the study is to form a consistent comprehensive understanding of the current trends in the practical implementation of the biopolitical approach methodology while analyzing the specifics of the mediatized space in contemporary city. The article analyzes particularities of nowaday communication in a virtual environment, its impact on the psyche of a moden person, and also raises the problems of contemporary media which has not only acquired the character of abstract information transmitted in distribution, but is embodied in the certain structural specifics of buildings, that has given rise to the development of such a phenomenon as media architecture. The result of the study is an analysis of the problems and prospects of the tendencies of the development of a modern city from the point of a biopolitical approach to urban management in the context of the (trans)formation of the media architectural infrastructure. The main problems, as the study shows, are caused by the lack of proper regulation of urban planning policy implementations from the standpoint of providing a comfortable environment for the life of the urban population. This article is intended for specialists in political science, as well as for researchers whose studies are devoted to the digital biopolitical aspect of modern urban governance.
本文致力于研究在当代城市管理背景下实施生物政治方法框架内可能出现的问题。将媒介现象的发展、媒介建筑基础设施的形成作为研究情感生命政治的一种途径予以相当的重视。本研究的目的是在分析当代城市中化空间的具体情况的同时,对生物政治方法方法论的实践实施的当前趋势形成一致的全面理解。本文分析了当今虚拟环境下传播的特殊性及其对现代人心理的影响,并提出了当代媒介的问题。当代媒介不仅具有抽象信息传播的分布特征,而且体现在建筑物的某些结构细节上,从而产生了媒介建筑这一现象的发展。研究的结果是在媒介建筑基础设施(转型)的背景下,从城市管理的生命政治方法的角度分析现代城市发展趋势的问题和前景。研究表明,主要问题是由于缺乏从为城市人口的生活提供舒适环境的角度对城市规划政策的实施进行适当的调节。本文面向政治学专家,以及致力于现代城市治理的数字生物政治方面研究的研究人员。
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引用次数: 0
Low-level Eschatology: Ruins in Computer Games 低级末世论:电脑游戏中的废墟
Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.46539/gmd.v4i3.317
Alexander S. Lenkevich
The ruins are a well-studied object in the history of culture. The article examines the ruins not only in terms of established approaches, but also from the perspective of media theory, visual ecology and game studies, new humanities oriented on exploring digital experience. Ruins in computer games, continuing the tradition of artificial ruins in European history, load the digital space with meaning, metaphysics, memory, stitch game and non-game contexts together and become a medium in its purest form — an intermediary that leads the gamer to the fragments of his identity, to the ruins of his inner experience. Digital ruins, fragmentary and partial in nature, reveal to us the pleasure of fragmentation and deconstruction that precede the new assemblage of reality. The article deals in addition with digital catastrophism, eschatology and ruinization in 11 bit studios games — This War of Mine (2014) and Frostpunk (2018). 
这些废墟是文化史上研究得很透彻的对象。本文不仅从已有的研究方法出发,还从媒介理论、视觉生态学、游戏学等以探索数字体验为导向的新人文学科的角度对遗址进行了考察。电脑游戏中的废墟,延续了欧洲历史上人工废墟的传统,将意义、形而上学、记忆载入数字空间,将游戏和非游戏语境缝合在一起,成为一种最纯粹形式的媒介——一种将玩家引向他身份的碎片,走向他内心体验的废墟的媒介。数字废墟,碎片和局部的性质,向我们揭示了碎片和解构的乐趣,在新的现实组合之前。这篇文章还讨论了11位工作室游戏——《This War of Mine》(2014)和《Frostpunk》(2018)中的数字灾难、末世论和毁灭。
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引用次数: 1
Ethical Models for Regulating the Visual Environment of a Digital City 数字城市视觉环境规范的伦理模型
Pub Date : 2022-10-03 DOI: 10.46539/gmd.v4i3.320
L. Gromova, D. Kolesnikova
The article considers mutual influence of ethics and visual environment of the city on the basis of descriptive models of ethical values and mechanisms of regulation. The historical aspect of the moral component of the urban environment is analyzed. Ethical collisions in the digital city are questioned. Mechanisms of ethical regulation of the visual environment of the digital city are systematized. Ways of increasing the role of social control, civic activity and digital culture of the population are suggested, to form moral responsibility for improving the quality of life of the citizens, their sustainable, prosperous future.
本文在伦理价值描述模型和规制机制的基础上,探讨了伦理与城市视觉环境的相互影响。分析了城市环境的道德成分的历史方面。数字城市中的伦理冲突受到质疑。对数字城市视觉环境的伦理调控机制进行了系统梳理。本文提出了提高社会控制、公民活动和数字文化作用的方法,以形成提高公民生活质量和可持续繁荣未来的道德责任。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Galactica Media: Journal of Media Studies
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