Summary The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) recorded on agricultural, ornamental and forest plant species in the wider area of Messenian Province (Peloponnese, Greece) during the years 2000 – 2020 are reviewed. Twenty species were recorded, which belong to four families: Diaspididae: Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell), Chrysomphalus aonidum (L.), Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché), Dynaspidiotus abieticola (Koroneos), D. abietis (Schrank), Lepidosaphes beckii (Newman), L. gloverii (Packard), Lineaspis striata (Newstead), Targionia vitis (Signoret); Coccidae: Ceroplastes rusci (L.), Eulecanium sericeum (Lindinger), Nemolecanium graniformis (Wünn), Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché), P. persicae (Fabricius), Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman), P. inopinatus Danzig and Kozár, Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell); Pseudococcidae: Phenacoccus madeirensis Green, Planococcus vovae (Nasonov) and Kermesidae: Kermes echinatus Balachowsky. The biology, phenology and natural enemies in Messenia are discussed for fifteen of these scale species.
{"title":"Scale insect species (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) and their natural enemies, recorded on agricultural, ornamental and forest plant species in the wider area of Messenian Province (Peloponnese, Greece), 2000 – 2020","authors":"G. Stathas, E. Kartsonas, A. Darras, P. Skouras","doi":"10.2478/hppj-2021-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hppj-2021-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) recorded on agricultural, ornamental and forest plant species in the wider area of Messenian Province (Peloponnese, Greece) during the years 2000 – 2020 are reviewed. Twenty species were recorded, which belong to four families: Diaspididae: Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell), Chrysomphalus aonidum (L.), Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché), Dynaspidiotus abieticola (Koroneos), D. abietis (Schrank), Lepidosaphes beckii (Newman), L. gloverii (Packard), Lineaspis striata (Newstead), Targionia vitis (Signoret); Coccidae: Ceroplastes rusci (L.), Eulecanium sericeum (Lindinger), Nemolecanium graniformis (Wünn), Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché), P. persicae (Fabricius), Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman), P. inopinatus Danzig and Kozár, Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell); Pseudococcidae: Phenacoccus madeirensis Green, Planococcus vovae (Nasonov) and Kermesidae: Kermes echinatus Balachowsky. The biology, phenology and natural enemies in Messenia are discussed for fifteen of these scale species.","PeriodicalId":39459,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Plant Protection Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41506182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary The codling moth [Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)] is the main pest in most apple orchards in Syria. It causes billions of dollars in loss of fruit crops every year. The present work examined the effects of gamma radiation and Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) on F1 progeny of C. pomonella. The experimental design was based on two factors, namely F1 offspring produced by males irradiated at a dose of 150 Gy, and artificial diet of BT-treated larvae. The first offspring of unirradiated and irradiated C. pomonella males, F1, were from parents treated with a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis BT (Dipel® 2X). F1 progeny of unirradiated was significantly less susceptible to BT than that of irradiated parents. The results showed high mortality in F1 progeny of C. pomonella when gamma radiation and BT were applied together. The LC50 in F1 progeny was 2.5 ppm for irradiated parents, while it was 13 ppm for unirradiated ones. A significant reduction in the fecundity and egg hatchability of F1 progeny of irradiated parents compared to unirradiated ones was observed. This study demonstrated that for F1 progeny the combination between Inherited Sterility Technique and BT can be useful to achieve an integrated pest management program of codling moth.
{"title":"Effects of gamma radiation and Bacillus thuringiensis on F1 progeny of Cydia pomonella","authors":"I. Idris, K. Hussian","doi":"10.2478/hppj-2021-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hppj-2021-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The codling moth [Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)] is the main pest in most apple orchards in Syria. It causes billions of dollars in loss of fruit crops every year. The present work examined the effects of gamma radiation and Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) on F1 progeny of C. pomonella. The experimental design was based on two factors, namely F1 offspring produced by males irradiated at a dose of 150 Gy, and artificial diet of BT-treated larvae. The first offspring of unirradiated and irradiated C. pomonella males, F1, were from parents treated with a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis BT (Dipel® 2X). F1 progeny of unirradiated was significantly less susceptible to BT than that of irradiated parents. The results showed high mortality in F1 progeny of C. pomonella when gamma radiation and BT were applied together. The LC50 in F1 progeny was 2.5 ppm for irradiated parents, while it was 13 ppm for unirradiated ones. A significant reduction in the fecundity and egg hatchability of F1 progeny of irradiated parents compared to unirradiated ones was observed. This study demonstrated that for F1 progeny the combination between Inherited Sterility Technique and BT can be useful to achieve an integrated pest management program of codling moth.","PeriodicalId":39459,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Plant Protection Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48172574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary The sugarcane whitefly, Neomaskellia andropogonis Corbett (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the important pests of sugarcane in Iran. The use of selective chemical insecticides helps to suppress whitefly infestations. Although several insecticides from various groups have been registered to control whiteflies, this is the first study to test the efficacy of deltamethrin, dinotefuran and spiromesifen insecticides against eggs, second instar nymphs and pupae of the sugarcane whitefly on CP69-1062 sugarcane cultivar. Five concentrations of the tested insecticides were applied in a leaf dipping bioassay under laboratory conditions. Probit analysis indicated that deltamethrin and dinotefuran with LC50 values of 50.1 and 49.5 ppm were the most toxic insecticides against eggs of N. andropogonis. Deltamethrin controlled nymphal and pupal stages more effective than the other two tested insecticides and the LC50 values were 49.7 and 5.44 ppm on nymphs and pupae, respectively. The LC50 values of dinotefuran on second instar nymphs and pupae were 564.7 and 78.7 ppm and the values were 270.9 and 18.3 ppm for spiromesifen, respectively. The results support the use of the insecticides in rotation according to their different mode of action in integrated pest management programs of the sugarcane whitefly N. andropogonis.
{"title":"Insecticidal effect of deltamethrin, dinotefuran and spiromesifen against the sugarcane whitefly Neomaskellia andropogonis on CP69-1062 sugarcane cultivar","authors":"P. Koohzad-Mohammadi, M. Ziaee, A. Nikpay","doi":"10.2478/hppj-2021-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hppj-2021-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The sugarcane whitefly, Neomaskellia andropogonis Corbett (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the important pests of sugarcane in Iran. The use of selective chemical insecticides helps to suppress whitefly infestations. Although several insecticides from various groups have been registered to control whiteflies, this is the first study to test the efficacy of deltamethrin, dinotefuran and spiromesifen insecticides against eggs, second instar nymphs and pupae of the sugarcane whitefly on CP69-1062 sugarcane cultivar. Five concentrations of the tested insecticides were applied in a leaf dipping bioassay under laboratory conditions. Probit analysis indicated that deltamethrin and dinotefuran with LC50 values of 50.1 and 49.5 ppm were the most toxic insecticides against eggs of N. andropogonis. Deltamethrin controlled nymphal and pupal stages more effective than the other two tested insecticides and the LC50 values were 49.7 and 5.44 ppm on nymphs and pupae, respectively. The LC50 values of dinotefuran on second instar nymphs and pupae were 564.7 and 78.7 ppm and the values were 270.9 and 18.3 ppm for spiromesifen, respectively. The results support the use of the insecticides in rotation according to their different mode of action in integrated pest management programs of the sugarcane whitefly N. andropogonis.","PeriodicalId":39459,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Plant Protection Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45553822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary Many strains of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) have the ability to induce the systemic resistance in several pathosystems. This study investigates the protective effect of four strains belonging to Bacillus subtilis (Bs168, Bs2500, Bs2504 and Bs2508) on grapevine roots of the sensitive local grapevine cultivar “Helwani” against phylloxera. Fresh roots were immersed in bacterial suspensions 0, 3, 5 and 15 hours before infesting with phylloxera eggs. Results of biometric measurements showed significant differences in the life cycle of phylloxera between treated and untreated roots. Bacillus strains negatively affected phylloxera development and reproduction. The efficiency of treatment increased when root immersion time in the bacterial suspension increased. On the other hand, there were significant differences between strains in terms of their protective effect against phylloxera, but Bs2508 strain was the most effective especially when the roots were immersed for 15 hours. This study supports previous studies in order to employing PGPR strains as biocontrol agents against pests.
{"title":"Impact of Bacillus subtilis strains on survival and reproduction of grapevine phylloxera","authors":"A. Adam, I. Idris, A. Asaad, K. Houssian","doi":"10.2478/hppj-2021-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hppj-2021-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Many strains of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) have the ability to induce the systemic resistance in several pathosystems. This study investigates the protective effect of four strains belonging to Bacillus subtilis (Bs168, Bs2500, Bs2504 and Bs2508) on grapevine roots of the sensitive local grapevine cultivar “Helwani” against phylloxera. Fresh roots were immersed in bacterial suspensions 0, 3, 5 and 15 hours before infesting with phylloxera eggs. Results of biometric measurements showed significant differences in the life cycle of phylloxera between treated and untreated roots. Bacillus strains negatively affected phylloxera development and reproduction. The efficiency of treatment increased when root immersion time in the bacterial suspension increased. On the other hand, there were significant differences between strains in terms of their protective effect against phylloxera, but Bs2508 strain was the most effective especially when the roots were immersed for 15 hours. This study supports previous studies in order to employing PGPR strains as biocontrol agents against pests.","PeriodicalId":39459,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Plant Protection Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49210629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. A. Gad, T. M. Sileem, R. S. Hassan, S. Abdelgaleil
Summary The cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius), is recognized as a common insect pest of cowpea worldwide. The present study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of ozone gas against all life stages (egg, larva, pupa and adult) of C. maculatus at a concentration of 600 ppm (1.2 g/ m3) after 6 exposure times of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h under laboratory conditions. The mortality percentages of all life stages were significantly increased with increasing exposure time. Similarly, longer exposure time to ozone caused higher reduction of adult emergence from eggs, larvae and pupae. Treatment with ozone for 5 h caused egg mortality of 72.3%. Total mortality of adults was observed 5 days after treatment with ozone for 0.5 h. Moreover, treatment with ozone for 5 h resulted in 75, 100 and 94.1% reductions in adult emergence from eggs, larvae and pupae, respectively. The results also indicated that the larvae and adults were more susceptible to ozone gas than the eggs and pupae. Based on the findings, ozone showed promising insecticidal activity against all stages of C. maculatus and could be used as potential fumigant for management of this insect.
{"title":"Toxicity of gaseous ozone to the different life stages of cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), under laboratory conditions","authors":"H. A. Gad, T. M. Sileem, R. S. Hassan, S. Abdelgaleil","doi":"10.2478/hppj-2021-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hppj-2021-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius), is recognized as a common insect pest of cowpea worldwide. The present study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of ozone gas against all life stages (egg, larva, pupa and adult) of C. maculatus at a concentration of 600 ppm (1.2 g/ m3) after 6 exposure times of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 h under laboratory conditions. The mortality percentages of all life stages were significantly increased with increasing exposure time. Similarly, longer exposure time to ozone caused higher reduction of adult emergence from eggs, larvae and pupae. Treatment with ozone for 5 h caused egg mortality of 72.3%. Total mortality of adults was observed 5 days after treatment with ozone for 0.5 h. Moreover, treatment with ozone for 5 h resulted in 75, 100 and 94.1% reductions in adult emergence from eggs, larvae and pupae, respectively. The results also indicated that the larvae and adults were more susceptible to ozone gas than the eggs and pupae. Based on the findings, ozone showed promising insecticidal activity against all stages of C. maculatus and could be used as potential fumigant for management of this insect.","PeriodicalId":39459,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Plant Protection Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49402995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary Understanding pathogen-agrosystem interaction is particularly essential when applying a control method to minimize pathogen prevalence prior to plant infection. To meet this requirement, frequency of major root rot pathogens isolated from bean root and seed, and their soil populations were examined in farmers’ fields. Multivariate analyses evidenced more frequent isolations of Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani from root and seed compared to Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium oxysporum. Two Fusarium species had denser soil populations than R. solani and M. phaseolina. More frequent isolations of pathogens were detected in root and seed collected from Abhar and Khodabandeh compared to Kheirabad region. Agronomic and soil variables corresponded less closely to root infections compared to soil infestation and seed infections. Bean market class, herbicide application, and planting depth were linked to root, seed and soil infestations. Such information provides a basis for increased confidence in choosing appropriate control strategies for a pathogen and region in sustainable agriculture.
{"title":"Infections of bean plant and field soil are linked to region, root rot pathogen and agro-ecosystem","authors":"B. Naseri, M. Gheitury, M. Veisi","doi":"10.2478/hppj-2021-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hppj-2021-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Understanding pathogen-agrosystem interaction is particularly essential when applying a control method to minimize pathogen prevalence prior to plant infection. To meet this requirement, frequency of major root rot pathogens isolated from bean root and seed, and their soil populations were examined in farmers’ fields. Multivariate analyses evidenced more frequent isolations of Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani from root and seed compared to Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium oxysporum. Two Fusarium species had denser soil populations than R. solani and M. phaseolina. More frequent isolations of pathogens were detected in root and seed collected from Abhar and Khodabandeh compared to Kheirabad region. Agronomic and soil variables corresponded less closely to root infections compared to soil infestation and seed infections. Bean market class, herbicide application, and planting depth were linked to root, seed and soil infestations. Such information provides a basis for increased confidence in choosing appropriate control strategies for a pathogen and region in sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":39459,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Plant Protection Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42448621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Zendehdel, N. Hasanzadeh, F. B. Firouzjahi, S. Naeimi
Summary A total of 688 bacterial endophytes were isolated from both greenhouse and field-grown tomatoes in the Tehran and Alborz provinces, Iran in order to obtain effective bacterial endophytes against the fungus Verticillium dahliae. 128 bacterial isolates, with respect to their different phenotypic characteristics were further analysed. All bacteria with positive hypersensitivity reaction on tobacco and geranium leaves and potato soft rot were eliminated, and totally 39 isolates were selected for in vitro antagonism and greenhouse tests. The potential biocontrol isolates were evaluated using seed treatment and soil drench methods on two tomato cultivars. The results indicated that seven bacterial isolates had a high potential for the control of the fungus and reduced the severity disease to 95-98%. This reduction was coincided with an increase in some growth factors like plant dry weight, root dry weight, plant height, root length, root fresh weight and plant fresh weight ranged between 92-98%. The seven antagonists’ preliminary identification was confirmed using 16SrRNA gene sequencing analysis. The BLAST analysis was performed, and the bacteria were also identified as Bacillus pumilus (two isolates), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus safensis, Enterobacter ludwigi, Serratia marcesens and Pseudomonas beatica. Biocontrol mechanisms examination indicated that protease production was positive for all isolates and differentiated isolates E. ludwigii and P. beatica as higher producers with protease levels up to 65%. The three bacteriocins producing isolates inhibited the phytopathogenic mycelium up to 70% in dual culture assay. Also, five of the isolates produced siderophores and P. baetica, S. marcesens and E. ludwigii produced remarkable amount of auxin hormone.
{"title":"Tomato bacterial endophytes in controlling Verticillium wilt and their advantage on biostimulation","authors":"N. Zendehdel, N. Hasanzadeh, F. B. Firouzjahi, S. Naeimi","doi":"10.2478/hppj-2021-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hppj-2021-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Summary A total of 688 bacterial endophytes were isolated from both greenhouse and field-grown tomatoes in the Tehran and Alborz provinces, Iran in order to obtain effective bacterial endophytes against the fungus Verticillium dahliae. 128 bacterial isolates, with respect to their different phenotypic characteristics were further analysed. All bacteria with positive hypersensitivity reaction on tobacco and geranium leaves and potato soft rot were eliminated, and totally 39 isolates were selected for in vitro antagonism and greenhouse tests. The potential biocontrol isolates were evaluated using seed treatment and soil drench methods on two tomato cultivars. The results indicated that seven bacterial isolates had a high potential for the control of the fungus and reduced the severity disease to 95-98%. This reduction was coincided with an increase in some growth factors like plant dry weight, root dry weight, plant height, root length, root fresh weight and plant fresh weight ranged between 92-98%. The seven antagonists’ preliminary identification was confirmed using 16SrRNA gene sequencing analysis. The BLAST analysis was performed, and the bacteria were also identified as Bacillus pumilus (two isolates), Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus safensis, Enterobacter ludwigi, Serratia marcesens and Pseudomonas beatica. Biocontrol mechanisms examination indicated that protease production was positive for all isolates and differentiated isolates E. ludwigii and P. beatica as higher producers with protease levels up to 65%. The three bacteriocins producing isolates inhibited the phytopathogenic mycelium up to 70% in dual culture assay. Also, five of the isolates produced siderophores and P. baetica, S. marcesens and E. ludwigii produced remarkable amount of auxin hormone.","PeriodicalId":39459,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Plant Protection Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45493664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary This study aims to develop a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) in tomato. For this, a set of 23 bacterial endophytic isolates has been screened for their ability to inhibit in vitro the growth of FORL using the dual plate assay. Three isolates with the most sound antagonistic activity to FORL have been qualitatively screened for siderophore production, phosphates solubilization and indolic acetic acid (IAA) synthesis as growth promotion traits. Antagonistic values of the three candidates against FORL were respectively: 51.51 % (EB4B), 51.18 % (EB22K) and 41.40 % (EB2A). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolates EB4B and EB22K were closely related to Enterobacter ludwigii EN-119, while the strain EB2A has been assigned to Leclercia adecarboxylata NBRC 102595. The promotion of tomato growth has been assessed in vitro using the strains EB2A, EB4B and EB22K in presence of the phytopathogen FORL. The treatments with the selected isolates increased significantly the root length and dry weight. Best results were observed in isolate EB4B in terms of growth promotion in the absence of FORL, improving 326.60 % of the root length and 142.70 % of plant dry weight if compared with untreated controls. In the presence of FORL, the strain EB4B improved both root length (180.81 %) and plant dry weight (202.15 %). These results encourage further characterization of the observed beneficial effect of Enterobacter sp. EB4B for a possible use as biofertilizer and biocontrol agent against FORL.
{"title":"Effect of the endophytic plant growth promoting Enterobacter ludwigii EB4B on tomato growth","authors":"M.E.A. Bendaha, H. A. Belaouni","doi":"10.2478/hppj-2020-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hppj-2020-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This study aims to develop a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) in tomato. For this, a set of 23 bacterial endophytic isolates has been screened for their ability to inhibit in vitro the growth of FORL using the dual plate assay. Three isolates with the most sound antagonistic activity to FORL have been qualitatively screened for siderophore production, phosphates solubilization and indolic acetic acid (IAA) synthesis as growth promotion traits. Antagonistic values of the three candidates against FORL were respectively: 51.51 % (EB4B), 51.18 % (EB22K) and 41.40 % (EB2A). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolates EB4B and EB22K were closely related to Enterobacter ludwigii EN-119, while the strain EB2A has been assigned to Leclercia adecarboxylata NBRC 102595. The promotion of tomato growth has been assessed in vitro using the strains EB2A, EB4B and EB22K in presence of the phytopathogen FORL. The treatments with the selected isolates increased significantly the root length and dry weight. Best results were observed in isolate EB4B in terms of growth promotion in the absence of FORL, improving 326.60 % of the root length and 142.70 % of plant dry weight if compared with untreated controls. In the presence of FORL, the strain EB4B improved both root length (180.81 %) and plant dry weight (202.15 %). These results encourage further characterization of the observed beneficial effect of Enterobacter sp. EB4B for a possible use as biofertilizer and biocontrol agent against FORL.","PeriodicalId":39459,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Plant Protection Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42973368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary The olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is the major pest of olives worldwide. The figitid wasp, Aganaspis daci (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), is a larval-prepupal endoparasitoid of fruit fly species, and it was found to successfully parasitize medfly larvae in field-infested figs in Greece. To assess the potential of A. daci as a biological control agent against B. oleae, we studied the effect of olive fruit size on parasitism rates of A. daci on 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of B. oleae, by using fruit of different size (cultivar ‘Chalkidikis’) and wild olive fruit. In addition, we conducted releases of A. daci females in a pilot olive grove in Volos, Magnesia. From July to October, we released 200 A. daci females/0.1 ha/week, followed by olive fruit sampling to estimate olive fruit infestation levels and the parasitism rates of A. daci. Laboratory trials revealed that fruit size and larvae instar were predictors of parasitism success of A. daci, with parasitism rates higher for small-size fruit of the cultivar “Chalkidikis” and the 3rd instar larvae of B. oleae. In field trials, no A. daci adults emerged from the olive fly infested fruit.
{"title":"Effect of the olive fruit size on the parasitism rates of Bactocera oleae (Diptera: Tephritidae) by the figitid wasp Aganaspis daci (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), and first field releases of adult parasitoids in olive grove","authors":"C. Moraiti, G. A. Kyritsis, N. Papadopoulos","doi":"10.2478/hppj-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hppj-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae (Rossi) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is the major pest of olives worldwide. The figitid wasp, Aganaspis daci (Hymenoptera: Figitidae), is a larval-prepupal endoparasitoid of fruit fly species, and it was found to successfully parasitize medfly larvae in field-infested figs in Greece. To assess the potential of A. daci as a biological control agent against B. oleae, we studied the effect of olive fruit size on parasitism rates of A. daci on 2nd and 3rd instar larvae of B. oleae, by using fruit of different size (cultivar ‘Chalkidikis’) and wild olive fruit. In addition, we conducted releases of A. daci females in a pilot olive grove in Volos, Magnesia. From July to October, we released 200 A. daci females/0.1 ha/week, followed by olive fruit sampling to estimate olive fruit infestation levels and the parasitism rates of A. daci. Laboratory trials revealed that fruit size and larvae instar were predictors of parasitism success of A. daci, with parasitism rates higher for small-size fruit of the cultivar “Chalkidikis” and the 3rd instar larvae of B. oleae. In field trials, no A. daci adults emerged from the olive fly infested fruit.","PeriodicalId":39459,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Plant Protection Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46462569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Gonçalves, I. Conceição, M. Kormpi, E. Tzortzakakis
Summary Root-knot nematodes (RKN), Meloidogyne spp., have a wide host range and are common in the Mediterranean area. Cultivated lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) was found naturally infested by M. hapla in Kozani area, the first documented infestation of this crop by RKN in Greece. Oxalis pescaprae, a common winter weed in Crete, was found to be a host of M. javanica under artificial inoculation. This weed acts as a potential winter host of the nematode in fields cultivated with vegetable crops. Two populations of M. ethiopica were found in kiwi and maize in Greece in the past. Recently, populations of M. ethiopica from Europe were re-classified as M. luci, based only on the population isolated from kiwi for Greece. In the current work, the RKN populations originating from kiwi and maize and maintained on tomato, were identified as M. luci. Nematode species identification was determined by electrophoretic analysis of protein extracts obtained from females.
{"title":"Lavandula angustifolia and Oxalis pes-caprae, hosts of Meloidogyne hapla and Meloidogyne javanica - A note for Meloidogyne luci in Greece","authors":"A. Gonçalves, I. Conceição, M. Kormpi, E. Tzortzakakis","doi":"10.2478/hppj-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/hppj-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Root-knot nematodes (RKN), Meloidogyne spp., have a wide host range and are common in the Mediterranean area. Cultivated lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) was found naturally infested by M. hapla in Kozani area, the first documented infestation of this crop by RKN in Greece. Oxalis pescaprae, a common winter weed in Crete, was found to be a host of M. javanica under artificial inoculation. This weed acts as a potential winter host of the nematode in fields cultivated with vegetable crops. Two populations of M. ethiopica were found in kiwi and maize in Greece in the past. Recently, populations of M. ethiopica from Europe were re-classified as M. luci, based only on the population isolated from kiwi for Greece. In the current work, the RKN populations originating from kiwi and maize and maintained on tomato, were identified as M. luci. Nematode species identification was determined by electrophoretic analysis of protein extracts obtained from females.","PeriodicalId":39459,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Plant Protection Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44594378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：