Nano Energy最新文献_第9页

Disentangling field enhancement and hot-electron extraction via Ni-mediated plasmonic cascade for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen generation from glucose 镍介导等离子体级联解缠场增强和热电子萃取用于葡萄糖高效光催化制氢

IF 17.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111708

Yang Li , Wen Li , Mingyue Yuan, Jiahui Kou, Chunhua Lu

Plasmon-enhanced photocatalysis revolutionizes solar energy conversion but faces material limitations. While Au dominates for its superior plasmonics, its high cost and poor catalytic activity hinder practical deployment. High-d-band Ni emerges as a promising alternative with intrinsic catalytic activity, broadband plasmonic response, and high work function, but suffers from strong d-electron correlations that compromise plasmonic efficiency and hot electron mobility. Moreover, while nanocavity integration can enhance optical confinement, it aggravates hot-electron localization, creating a fundamental dilemma for practical implementation. Herein, we present a Ni-mediated plasmonic cascade (Pt-TiO₂-Ni/SiO₂/Al) that tackles the hot-electron spatial localization challenge in traditional plasmonic nanocavities, significantly enhancing photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from glucose wastewater (47.68 mmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹). The Ni/SiO₂/Al Fabry-Pérot cavity provides strong optical confinement, while the upper Pt-TiO₂-Ni structure enables robust d-band-matched Pt-Ni coupling, facilitating spatial extension of the resonant electromagnetic field toward the Pt-TiO₂ and enabling directional hot-electron injection from Ni to Pt-TiO₂ (verified by in-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy). This yields a 6.4-times enhancement in visible-near-infrared light hydrogen evolution, outperforming conventional TiO₂-Ni/SiO₂/Al cavities in hot-electron utilization efficiency. This cascaded design harmonizes light-harvesting (68.3 % efficiency) with hot electron extraction exhibiting 3.7-times and 5.4-times hydrogen generation rates improvements over TiO₂-Ni/SiO₂/Al and Pt-TiO₂, respectively, alongside extended carrier lifetime. This work presents a universal strategy to overcome the persistent trade-off between plasmonic light confinement and charge extraction in photocatalysis, ingeniously converting Ni’s inherent limitations into design merits to enable practical solar-driven waste-to-energy conversion.

等离子体增强光催化革新了太阳能转换，但面临材料限制。虽然金因其优越的等离子体而占据主导地位，但其高昂的成本和较差的催化活性阻碍了实际应用。高d波段镍作为一种有前途的替代材料，具有内在的催化活性、宽带等离子体响应和高功函数，但其强d电子相关性会损害等离子体效率和热电子迁移率。此外，虽然纳米腔集成可以增强光约束，但它加剧了热电子局域化，为实际实施带来了根本性的困境。在此，我们提出了一个镍介导的等离子体级联（Pt-TiO2-Ni/SiO2/Al），解决了传统等离子体纳米腔中的热电子空间定位挑战，显著增强了葡萄糖废水（47.68 mmol g−1 h−1）的光催化析氢。Ni/SiO2/Al法布里- prot腔体提供了强大的光学约束，而上部的Pt-TiO2-Ni结构提供了强大的d波段匹配Pt-Ni耦合，促进了共振电磁场向Pt-TiO2的空间扩展，并实现了从Ni到Pt-TiO2的定向热电子注入（通过原位x射线光电子能谱验证）。这使得在可见光-近红外光下析氢效率提高了6.4倍，在热电子利用效率方面优于传统的TiO2-Ni/SiO2/Al空腔。与TiO2-Ni/SiO2/Al和Pt-TiO2相比，这种级联设计协调了光收集（68.3% %的效率）和热电子提取，其产氢率分别提高了3.7倍和5.4倍，同时延长了载流子寿命。这项工作提出了一种普遍的策略，以克服光催化中等离子体光约束和电荷提取之间的持续权衡，巧妙地将Ni的固有局限性转化为设计优点，从而实现实际的太阳能驱动的废物-能源转换。

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引用次数: 0

Ultrasensitive Sn-Pb perovskite photodetector for monolithic near-infrared imaging 用于单片近红外成像的超灵敏Sn-Pb钙钛矿光电探测器

IF 17.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111705

Haotian Bao , Yuxuan Sun , Liang Chu , Jingjing Liu , Zhihao Chen , Guofeng Zhang , Ruiyun Chen , Changgang Yang , Jiang Wang , Suotang Jia , Chengbing Qin , Liantuan Xiao , Zhichun Yang

Tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskites exhibit great potential in application of near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors due to their narrow optical bandgap of ∼1.2 eV. However, their inferior stability caused by the oxidation of Sn²⁺ to Sn⁴⁺ and the film defects still limit the device performance. Herein, we introduced ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl) into the precursor ink to regulate the crystallization dynamics of Sn-Pb perovskite film, suppress the oxidation of Sn²⁺, and passivate the associated defects. Consequently, the photodetector achieves a wide spectral response spanning 300–1100 nm, along with an impressive specific detectivity of 1.42 × 10¹¹ Jones, a linear dynamic range of 173 dB, and an ultrafast rise/fall time of 377/860 ns. The optimal device exhibits a negligible performance attenuation after stressed under continuous on/off NIR radiation at 980 nm for 120 min. Furthermore, we integrate the photodetector with a commercial transistor readout circuit for imaging, which delivers an outstanding imaging quality under NIR radiation with a spatial resolution of 1.67 lp mm⁻¹ . This work paves an avenue for the development of advanced NIR imager and the commercialization of Sn-Pb perovskite semiconductors for intelligent consumer electronics.

锡铅（Sn-Pb）钙钛矿具有~1.2 eV的窄带隙，在近红外（NIR）光电探测器中具有很大的应用潜力。然而，Sn2+氧化为Sn4+导致的稳定性差和薄膜缺陷仍然限制了器件的性能。本文将氯化铵（NH4Cl）引入前驱体油墨中，调节Sn-Pb钙钛矿薄膜的结晶动力学，抑制Sn2+的氧化，钝化相关缺陷。因此，光电探测器实现了跨越300至1100 nm的宽光谱响应，以及令人印象深刻的1.42 × 1011 Jones的比探测率，173 dB的线性动态范围和377/860 ns的超快上升/下降时间。最佳器件在980 nm连续开/关近红外辐射120 min下应力后的性能衰减可以忽略不计。此外，我们将光电探测器与用于成像的商用晶体管读出电路集成在一起，在近红外辐射下提供了出色的成像质量，空间分辨率为1.67 lp mm⁻¹。这项工作为开发先进的近红外成像仪和用于智能消费电子产品的Sn-Pb钙钛矿半导体的商业化铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Fluorination-driven high-voltage-tolerant gel polymer electrolyte for synergistically stabilized interfaces and enhanced ion kinetics in solid-state potassium-ion batteries 在固态钾离子电池中用于协同稳定界面和增强离子动力学的氟驱动的耐高压凝胶聚合物电解质

IF 17.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111704

Huize Yang , Wei Wang , Yong Zhu , Yaxue Wang , Yu Wu , Jichao Hong , Shuqiang Jiao

Rechargeable potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are considered to be one of the most low-cost and high-energy density energy storage systems. However, it is difficult to achieve long-life and high-safety PIBs due to the excessive growth of potassium dendrites and high flammability of liquid electrolytes. To address these issues, we design a high-voltage-tolerant and ion-kinetics-enhanced gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) driven by fluorination for high-performance solid-state potassium-ion batteries (SSPIBs). The electrolyte enables uniformly distributed, inorganic-rich and highly ionic conductive solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) by the sluggish decomposition of FEC and TFSI^--FEC. Significantly, the weak interactions of K⁺-FEC and strong interactions of TFSI^--FEC guarantee fast K⁺ migration. Consequently, both a high ionic conductivity (1.74 ×10⁻⁴ S cm⁻¹) and a high ion transference number (0.91) are achieved. The assembled K|FEC-GPE|PB batteries with a Prussian blue cathode, capable of stable operation at a high voltage of 4.5 V, can deliver a high capacity (100 mAh g⁻¹) and a long cycling life (2000 cycles). This study demonstrates that the fluorination-driven gel polymer electrolyte facilitates to realize high-energy SSPIBs through interface chemistry regulation.

可充电钾离子电池（PIBs）被认为是低成本、高能量密度的储能系统之一。然而，由于钾枝晶的过度生长和液体电解质的高可燃性，很难实现长寿命和高安全性的PIBs。为了解决这些问题，我们为高性能固态钾离子电池（sspib）设计了一种由氟化驱动的耐高压离子动力学增强凝胶聚合物电解质（GPE）。该电解质通过FEC和TFSI- FEC的缓慢分解，使固体电解质界面（SEI）和阴极电解质界面（CEI）具有均匀分布、富无机和高离子导电性。值得注意的是，K+-FEC的弱相互作用和TFSI -FEC的强相互作用保证了K+的快速迁移。因此，获得了高离子电导率（1.74×10-4 S cm-1）和高离子转移数（0.91）。组装的k| FEC-GPE|PB电池采用普鲁士蓝阴极，能够在4.5 V高压下稳定工作，具有高容量（100mah g-1）和长循环寿命（2000次循环）。本研究表明，氟化驱动凝胶聚合物电解质通过界面化学调节促进了高能sspib的实现。

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引用次数: 0

Facile-processed n-p-type binary cathode interlayers: Concurrent enhancement of photovoltaic performance and mechanical robustness 易加工的n-p型二元阴极中间层：光伏性能和机械稳健性的同步增强

IF 17.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111702

Weidong Li , Xinying Wang , Heng Liu , Qilun Zhang , Xian’e Li , Tong Liu , Can Liu , Xiaofeng Xu , Liangmin Yu , Xichang Bao , Xianjie Liu , Iain McCulloch , Liming Ding , Xinhui Lu , Mats Fahlman , Chuanfei Wang

n-Type small molecules such as perylene diimides (PDI) and naphthalene diimides (NDI) derivatives are widely used as cathode interlayers (CILs) in organic solar cells (OSCs) employing narrow-band gap electron acceptors (NBGEAs), owing to their excellent electron transport properties. However, such interfacial materials tend to severely aggregate within the film, leading to poor film morphology and mechanical fragility. Moreover, these CILs often pin the cathode Fermi level at energies lower than the electron transport levels of NBGEAs, leading to suboptimal energy level alignment. In this study, we introduce a binary n-p-type CIL by incorporating the classical p-type cathode interfacial material PFN-Br into the n-type cathode interfacial material PDINO. The resulting binary CIL exhibits a modified PDINO aggregation configuration and a smoother film morphology, while it also effectively lowers the cathode work function through the PFN-Br induced double dipole effect. These combined effects enhance and stabilize the electrical properties of the binary CIL. Model OSCs based on PM6: Y6 utilizing this n-p type CIL show suppressed bimolecular and trap assisted recombination, resulting in improved photovoltaic performance. Additionally, the binary CIL enhances the mechanical durability of flexible devices, highlighting its potential for application in high-performance rigid and flexible OSCs.

n型小分子如苝二酰亚胺（PDI）和萘二酰亚胺（NDI）衍生物，由于其优异的电子传输性能，在采用窄带隙电子受体（NBGEAs）的有机太阳能电池（OSCs）中广泛用作阴极中间层（CILs）。然而，这种界面材料往往在膜内严重聚集，导致膜形态不良和机械脆性。此外，这些CILs通常将阴极费米能级固定在比NBGEAs的电子输运能级低的能量上，导致次优能级对准。在本研究中，我们通过将经典的p型阴极界面材料PFN-Br加入到n型阴极界面材料PDINO中来引入二元n-p型CIL。所得的二元CIL具有改进的PDINO聚集结构和更光滑的薄膜形貌，同时还通过PFN-Br诱导的双偶极子效应有效地降低了阴极功函数。这些综合作用增强和稳定了二元CIL的电学性能。利用该n-p型CIL的PM6: Y6模型OSCs显示抑制双分子和陷阱辅助重组，从而提高光伏性能。此外，二进制CIL增强了柔性器件的机械耐久性，突出了其在高性能刚性和柔性osc中的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Breathable and reusable fabric epidermal electrodes for personal health monitoring 用于个人健康监测的透气和可重复使用织物表皮电极

IF 17.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111703

Ziao Xu , Hao Guo , Junyi Cai , Faqiang Wang , Jialu Li , Qi Tang , Jianyong Yu , Bin Ding , Zhaoling Li

The advancement of wearable electrodes has enabled real-time bioelectrical signal acquisition and analysis, establishing these as pivotal capabilities for wearable systems. However, commercial wet electrodes face limited lifespan and tendency to cause discomfort and prevent long-term wearable applications. Fiber-based dry electrodes address these challenges via exceptional features of both breathability and durability, but poor conductivity and low signal fidelity still hinder their deployment. Here, we present a highly conductive, flexible and reuseable fabric epidermal electrode prepared through straightforward method by integrating MXene-enhanced PEDOT:PSS conductive materials into polydopamine (PDA)-modified cotton textiles. This design synergistically combines high conductivity of both PEDOT:PSS and MXene, while PDA serves dual roles as a bridge and durability enhancer. Notably, the fabric epidermal electrode ensures exceptional comfort (air permeability∼1954.4 mm·s⁻¹ and moisture permeability rate ∼0.4 g·m⁻²·d⁻¹) while exhibiting low surface resistance (∼11.4 Ω·sq⁻¹) and skin-contact impedance (ranging from 251 kΩ at 20 Hz to 26 kΩ at 1000 Hz) compared to those of commercial wet electrodes. Real-world scenarios application confirms its capability to reliably record electrophysiological signals, including electrocardiograph (ECG), electromyography (EMG), and electroencephalogram (EEG). This work demonstrates promising application potential for developing cost-effective, long lasting and reuseable wearable devices, contributing to the advancements of long-term personalized healthcare monitoring.

可穿戴电极的进步使实时生物电信号采集和分析成为可能，使其成为可穿戴系统的关键功能。然而，商业湿电极面临有限的寿命和倾向，造成不适，并防止长期可穿戴的应用。基于纤维的干电极通过优异的透气性和耐用性解决了这些挑战，但导电性差和信号保真度低仍然阻碍了它们的应用。本研究通过将mxene增强的PEDOT:PSS导电材料整合到聚多巴胺（PDA）改性棉织物中，通过简单的方法制备了一种高导电性、柔性和可重复使用的织物表皮电极。这种设计协同结合了PEDOT:PSS和MXene的高导电性，而PDA则具有桥梁和耐久性增强剂的双重作用。值得注意的是，与商业湿电极相比，织物表皮电极确保了卓越的舒适性（透气性~ 1954.4 mm·s−1和透湿率~ 0.4 g·m−2·d−1），同时表现出较低的表面阻力（~ 11.4 Ω·sq−1）和皮肤接触阻抗（范围从251 kΩ（20 Hz）到26 kΩ（1000 Hz））。现实场景的应用证实了其可靠记录电生理信号的能力，包括心电图（ECG）、肌电图（EMG）和脑电图（EEG）。这项工作展示了开发具有成本效益、持久耐用和可重复使用的可穿戴设备的良好应用潜力，有助于推进长期个性化医疗保健监测。

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引用次数: 0

Walking-induced triboelectric charges by grounding release for accelerating wound self-healing 通过接地释放行走诱导的摩擦电荷加速伤口自愈

IF 17.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111701

Yongfang Ren , Lin Luo , Tian Le , Lingling Xu , Engui Wang , Jing Huang , Zhipeng Qu , Xu Wu , Linqin Peng , Haoran Liu , Wenzheng Feng , Xiangjie Xu , Dongjie Jiang , Xia Wang , Bojing Shi , Hongqing Feng , Zhou Li , Han Ouyang

Electrical stimulation systems can enhance endogenous electrical fields to accelerate and guide wound self-healing. However, the patient comfort and compliance are limited by a reliance on the stimulators and energy supply. Here, we propose a walking-induced triboelectric charges method for accelerating wound self-healing by forming a closed loop through grounding without any electronic devices or energy supply. The walking-induced triboelectric charges of human can exceed 50 V in voltage and 1 μA in current that sufficient for accelerating wound self-healing. In the proof-of-concept experiment, triboelectric charges generated during rat movement are utilized for accelerating the wound healing by enhancing the endogenous electric field (EF) of the wound. Accelerated wound self-healing was observed compared to the control group and further confirmed by tissue sectioning and transcriptomic analysis. This wound electrical stimulation repair method without electrical stimulators and power sources that potentially providing emergency care for patients in extreme situations, such as deep space or the deep sea, and offering medical convenience for people in resource-poor regions.

电刺激系统可以增强内源性电场，加速和引导伤口自愈。然而，患者的舒适和依从性受到对刺激器和能量供应的依赖的限制。在这里，我们提出了一种行走感应摩擦电荷方法，通过接地形成闭环，在没有任何电子设备或能量供应的情况下加速伤口自愈。人体行走产生的摩擦电荷可超过50 V的电压和1 μA的电流，足以加速伤口的自愈。在概念验证实验中，利用大鼠运动过程中产生的摩擦电荷，通过增强伤口的内源性电场（EF）来加速伤口愈合。与对照组相比，观察到伤口自愈加速，并通过组织切片和转录组学分析进一步证实。这种伤口电刺激修复方法无需电刺激器和电源，可能为深空或深海等极端情况下的患者提供紧急护理，并为资源贫乏地区的人们提供医疗便利。

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引用次数: 0

Thermal-electrical dual management for efficient and stable wide-bandgap perovskite solar cells 高效稳定的宽禁带钙钛矿太阳能电池的热电双管理

IF 17.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.111696

Jiangjingzi Feng , Benlin He , Zhe Yang , Jia Li , Minghao Zhang , Bangbang Yang , Zhenwei Wu , Haiyan Chen , Jialong Duan , Qunwei Tang

The efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are critically dependent on the robust charge transport and thermal dissipation within the perovskite film. Here, a high-quality perovskite film with thermal and electrical conductivity dual enhancement are successfully constructed by using the self-synthesized conductive and thermally conductive self-healing supramolecular ionic polymer/hydroxylated boron nitride quantum dots (SMIP/h-BNQDs) additives to fabricate high-performance carbon-based PSCs without hole transport layer (HTL). Theoretical and experimental results indicate that the introduction of highly thermally conductive SMIP/h-BNQDs additives not only delays the crystallization process and passivates defects of perovskite film through the strong interactions of coordination and hydrogen bonds formed between them and perovskite components for improved film quality, but also accelerates heat transfer and dissipation within the perovskite film, thereby reducing the device operating temperature. The electrical conductivity of the perovskite film is also enhanced due to the incorporation of conductive SMIP/h-BNQDs, which facilitates charge transport. Moreover, the introduction of the self-healing SMIP/h-BNQDs additives significantly releases the residual tensile strain and suppresses the phase separation of the wind-bandgap perovskite film, endowing it with self-repair capability under mild thermal treatment. Consequently, the carbon-based HTL-free wide-bandgap PSCs fabricated in ambient air achieve a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 17.49 % and excellent operational stability under continuous illumination. The optimal device maintains 84.8 % of the initial efficiency after being stored for 432 h under air conditions of 25 °C and 25 % relative humidity, and the efficiency is restored to 93.4 % of the initial value after thermal treatment at 60 °C, demonstrating outstanding stability and self-healing performance.

钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSCs）的效率和稳定性关键取决于钙钛矿薄膜内强大的电荷输运和热耗散。本研究利用自合成的导电和导热自愈超分子离子聚合物/羟基化氮化硼量子点（SMIP/h-BNQDs）添加剂，成功构建了具有导热和导电性双重增强的高品质钙钛矿薄膜，制备了高性能无空穴传输层（HTL）的碳基PSCs。理论和实验结果表明，高导热SMIP/h-BNQDs添加剂的引入不仅通过与钙钛矿组分之间形成的配位和氢键的强相互作用，延缓了钙钛矿薄膜的结晶过程，钝化了钙钛矿薄膜的缺陷，提高了薄膜质量，而且加速了钙钛矿薄膜内部的传热和耗散，从而降低了器件的工作温度。由于加入了导电SMIP/h-BNQDs，钙钛矿膜的导电性也得到了增强，从而促进了电荷的传输。此外，自修复添加剂SMIP/h-BNQDs的引入显著释放了残余拉伸应变，抑制了风带隙钙钛矿膜的相分离，使其在温和热处理下具有自修复能力。因此，在环境空气中制备的碳基无html宽禁带PSCs的功率转换效率为17.49 %，并且在连续照明下具有良好的工作稳定性。最优装置在25℃、25 %相对湿度条件下储存432 h后，效率保持在初始值的84.8 %，在60℃热处理后效率恢复到初始值的93.4 %，表现出优异的稳定性和自愈性能。

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引用次数: 0

Harvesting and utilizing environmental ubiquitous magnetic energy 环境无处不在的磁能的收集与利用

IF 17.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.111691

Jiaxin Yu , Shijie Zhai , Baichuan Leng , Chaoyu Yang , Ruixiang Feng , Xiaojun Cheng , Jingwen Liu , Fan Jiang , Jun Du , Xiaosong Zhang , Hengyu Li , Tinghai Cheng

Harvesting magnetic energy generated by current during wire transmission and equipment application provides new insights for alleviating the energy issues and promoting the development of self-powered sensors. To fully exploit the potential of magnetic energy, efficient magnetic energy harvesting and conversion technologies are indispensable. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive overview of the characteristics and advancements in various magnetic energy harvesting technologies. In this work, we started with the magnetic energy harvesting environments and divided them into two types based on distribution characteristics: regular fields from high-voltage lines and stray fields in low-voltage environments. Through analysis of these categories, the diversity of magnetic energy distribution and the feasibility of harvesting were explained. Then, based on their energy conversion mechanisms, we categorize existing magnetic energy harvesting technologies into magneto-mechano-electric and magneto-electric harvesting technologies and provide an in-depth analysis of their underlying principles and historical development. Finally, this paper summarizes the current challenges in magnetic energy harvesting technologies and offers a well-grounded perspective on performance optimization strategies and future developmental directions for them.

收集导线传输和设备应用过程中电流产生的磁能，为缓解能源问题和促进自供电传感器的发展提供了新的见解。为了充分挖掘磁能的潜力，高效的磁能收集和转换技术必不可少。因此，本文对各种磁能收集技术的特点和进展进行了全面的综述。在这项工作中，我们从磁能采集环境入手，根据分布特征将其分为两种类型：高压线路中的规则场和低压环境中的杂散场。通过对这些类别的分析，说明了磁能分布的多样性和收获的可行性。然后，根据其能量转换机理，将现有的磁能收集技术分为磁机械能收集技术和磁电收集技术，并对其基本原理和历史发展进行了深入分析。最后，总结了当前磁能收集技术面临的挑战，并对磁能收集技术的性能优化策略和未来发展方向进行了展望。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrogen bond rearrangement of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel achieving high triboelectric generation 聚乙烯醇水凝胶氢键重排实现高摩擦发电

IF 17.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2026.111697

Qiandi Li, Shengqian Wang, Zhixia Wang, Wangshu Tong

Hydrogels with soft and deformable surfaces typically exhibit excellent interface adaptability, enabling full-contact friction in triboelectric generators (TENGs). The deformation ability of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels can be efficiently adjusted through hydrogen bond rearrangement, but the investigation of the rearrangement mechanism and precise regulation for low Young's modulus to achieve high TENGs generation is lacking. Here, glycerol (Gly) was introduced into PVA hydrogels to decrease the Young's modulus of PVA hydrogels from 290 kPa to 22 kPa (50 wt%), and the softened PVA hydrogels formed a highly adaptive contact interface, enhancing the triboelectric generation of TENGs by threefold (from 10 V to 40 V). The rearrangement of hydrogen bonds and the formation of slip channels composed of Gly and H₂O significantly enhanced their deformability, as proven by morphological, structural, and theoretical characterizations. Meanwhile, the slip channels facilitated NH₄⁺ permeation and were utilized to construct a PVA-Gly hydrogel TENG sensor for sweat. The sensor enabled differentiation between simulated sweat with a low urea concentration (10 mM, representing healthy individuals) and that with a high concentration (30 mM, representing dialysis patients). The mechanism and regulation of hydrogen bond rearrangement were revealed, and a soft and ion-permeable PVA-Gly hydrogel was obtained, exhibiting significant application potential in wearable TENG sensors.

具有柔软和可变形表面的水凝胶通常具有出色的界面适应性，可以在摩擦发电机（teng）中实现全接触摩擦。聚乙烯醇（PVA）水凝胶的变形能力可以通过氢键重排进行有效调节，但缺乏对重排机理的研究和对低杨氏模量进行精确调控以实现高TENGs生成的研究。将甘油（Gly）加入到PVA水凝胶中，使PVA水凝胶的杨氏模量从290 kPa降低到22 kPa(50 wt%)，软化后的PVA水凝胶形成了一个高度自适应的接触界面，使TENGs的摩擦电产生提高了三倍（从10 V提高到40 V）。通过形态学、结构和理论表征证明，氢键的重排和由Gly和H2O组成的滑动通道的形成显著增强了它们的变形能力。同时，滑移通道促进了NH4+的渗透，并利用该通道构建了PVA-Gly水凝胶TENG汗液传感器。该传感器能够区分低尿素浓度（10 mM，代表健康个体）和高浓度（30 mM，代表透析患者）的模拟汗液。揭示了氢键重排的机理和调控，获得了一种柔软、离子渗透的PVA-Gly水凝胶，在可穿戴式TENG传感器中具有重要的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Extending film formation process via low-melting-point volatile solid additive enables efficient and stable binary organic solar cells 通过低熔点挥发性固体添加剂扩展成膜过程，实现高效稳定的二元有机太阳能电池

IF 17.1 1区材料科学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, PHYSICAL

Nano Energy

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2025.111694

Lei Wang , Dinglong Feng , Xinhui Lu , Bin Zhao , Jiali Song , Linglong Ye , Songting Tan

Fine-tuning the morphology of the active layer is of vital importance for developing high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs). However, morphological control faces inherent challenges due to confined molecular motion and stacking of donor/acceptor materials caused by rapid solvent evaporation during spin-coating.‌ Herein, we present a low-melting-point volatile solid additive, 1,2,3-trichlorobenzene (TCl) for modulation of film formation dynamics in the PM6:L8-BO system. In the spin-coating process of the PM6:L8-BO:TCl solution, TCl maintains the liquid phase and sustains film wetness, thereby enabling itself to dissolve the donor and acceptor and enhance their intermolecular interactions. The extended film-formation duration facilitates the migration and self-assembly of PM6 and L8-BO, resulting in the robust fiber network structure. The morphological evolution improves carrier transport, exciton dissociation and charge collection in the devices. Consequently, the TCl-treated PM6:L8-BO devices achieve a power conversion efﬁciency of 19.80 % with superior batch-to-batch reproducibility, thermal stability, and photostability, outdistancing the devices without additives or with the solvent additive DIO. This study affords a simple but effective path for regulating active layer morphology and optimizing comprehensive device performance.

对活性层的形貌进行微调对于开发高性能有机太阳能电池至关重要。然而，由于自旋涂层过程中溶剂的快速蒸发导致的分子运动受限和供体/受体材料的堆积，形态学控制面临着固有的挑战。在此，我们提出了一种低熔点挥发性固体添加剂1,2,3-三氯苯（TCl），用于调制PM6:L8-BO体系中的薄膜形成动力学。在PM6:L8-BO:TCl溶液的自旋涂覆过程中，TCl保持了液相状态，维持了膜的湿度，从而使其能够溶解给体和受体，增强它们的分子间相互作用。延长成膜时间有利于PM6和L8-BO的迁移和自组装，从而形成坚固的光纤网络结构。这种形态进化改善了器件中的载流子输运、激子解离和电荷收集。因此，tcl处理的PM6:L8-BO器件的功率转换效率为19.80 %，具有优异的批间再现性、热稳定性和光稳定性，超过了无添加剂或溶剂添加剂DIO的器件。本研究为调控有源层形态和优化器件综合性能提供了一条简单而有效的途径。

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