Pub Date : 2025-03-13DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102703
Shiwei Wang , Zhen He , Xiaolin Duan , Lulu He , Jie Xing , Aiguo Wu , Juan Li
Chiral helical nanostructures exhibit tunable functionalities in both chemical and biological fields. The intrinsic chirality of amino acids and the tunable supramolecular assembly capabilities of peptides make them ideal materials for constructing and investigating chiral helical peptide nanomaterials (CHPNs). By employing flexible design strategies that manipulate the chirality of amino acids, peptide sequences, and environmental factors, CHPNs can further leverage the supramolecular chirality to expand their potential properties for applications. This review delves into the latest advancements in the design and comprehensive regulation of CHPNs through diverse factors, including pH, solvents, temperatures, ions, and external molecules. Additionally, the review provides an overview of the broad application prospects of CHPNs in drug delivery, antibacterial therapy, cell regulation, chiral recognition, and catalysis, with a particular emphasis on the functionalities induced by the chiral helical nanostructures.
{"title":"Chiral helical peptide nanomaterials: Construction strategies and applications","authors":"Shiwei Wang , Zhen He , Xiaolin Duan , Lulu He , Jie Xing , Aiguo Wu , Juan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102703","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102703","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chiral helical nanostructures exhibit tunable functionalities in both chemical and biological fields. The intrinsic chirality of amino acids and the tunable supramolecular assembly capabilities of peptides make them ideal materials for constructing and investigating chiral helical peptide nanomaterials (CHPNs). By employing flexible design strategies that manipulate the chirality of amino acids, peptide sequences, and environmental factors, CHPNs can further leverage the supramolecular chirality to expand their potential properties for applications. This review delves into the latest advancements in the design and comprehensive regulation of CHPNs through diverse factors, including pH, solvents, temperatures, ions, and external molecules. Additionally, the review provides an overview of the broad application prospects of CHPNs in drug delivery, antibacterial therapy, cell regulation, chiral recognition, and catalysis, with a particular emphasis on the functionalities induced by the chiral helical nanostructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102703"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conventional characterization techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) cannot visualize the subtle structural changes in Rh nanoparticles during the reduction of NO to N2 on their surface. Hence, in this study, we used an environmental reaction science high-voltage electron microscope equipped with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) system to conduct operando atomic-scale analysis of the NO reduction process on Rh nanoparticles supported on ZrO2. This innovative setup enabled us to observe dynamic surface structural changes while simultaneously monitoring the production of N2 and consumption of NO under relevant reaction conditions. High-resolution TEM observations and kinetic calculations based on QMS data confirmed the presence of a pseudocyclic transitional state between Rh metallic and RhO2 within an unstable oxide monolayer on the surface of the Rh nanoparticles, which is a hitherto undocumented phenomenon. A comparison of experimental data with the corresponding simulated images revealed plausible catalytic mechanisms for the reduction of NO to N2 at three different temperature ranges (200–500, 500–600, and 600–700 °C). At low temperatures, the reaction primarily occurs on a thin RhO2 film formed on the nanoparticle surface, which defies the longstanding consensus that the reduction of NO occurs on Rh metal sites. Our methodology enabled the direct observation of transient surface states and revealed their ability to dictate the overall reaction dynamics. The findings of this study provide insights into surface catalytic reactions on nanoparticles under practical conditions as well as can guide future studies on catalytic mechanisms.
{"title":"Operando analysis of dynamic structural changes on Rh nanoparticle surfaces during catalytic reduction of NO using an environmental high-voltage electron microscope–quadrupole mass spectrometer","authors":"Long-Shu Tang , Hiromochi Tanaka , Shigeo Arai , Tetsuo Higuchi , Shunsuke Muto","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102707","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102707","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional characterization techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) cannot visualize the subtle structural changes in Rh nanoparticles during the reduction of NO to N<sub>2</sub> on their surface. Hence, in this study, we used an environmental reaction science high-voltage electron microscope equipped with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) system to conduct <em>operando</em> atomic-scale analysis of the NO reduction process on Rh nanoparticles supported on ZrO<sub>2</sub>. This innovative setup enabled us to observe dynamic surface structural changes while simultaneously monitoring the production of N<sub>2</sub> and consumption of NO under relevant reaction conditions. High-resolution TEM observations and kinetic calculations based on QMS data confirmed the presence of a pseudocyclic transitional state between Rh metallic and RhO<sub>2</sub> within an unstable oxide monolayer on the surface of the Rh nanoparticles, which is a hitherto undocumented phenomenon. A comparison of experimental data with the corresponding simulated images revealed plausible catalytic mechanisms for the reduction of NO to N<sub>2</sub> at three different temperature ranges (200–500, 500–600, and 600–700 °C). At low temperatures, the reaction primarily occurs on a thin RhO<sub>2</sub> film formed on the nanoparticle surface, which defies the longstanding consensus that the reduction of NO occurs on Rh metal sites. Our methodology enabled the direct observation of transient surface states and revealed their ability to dictate the overall reaction dynamics. The findings of this study provide insights into surface catalytic reactions on nanoparticles under practical conditions as well as can guide future studies on catalytic mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102707"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143609365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-10DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102702
Ziyue Zhang , Yong Li , Ruimin Wang , Shouzhi Yang , Peng Li , Kun Zhao , Yang Gu , Kexin Meng , Jinshuang Li , Jun Pu , Xiaoxiang Yan , Sai Gu , Haiyang Su , Xiangqing Kong , Kun Qian
Although cardiac troponin (cTn) is a recommended clinical biomarker of myocardial infarction (MI), it is inefficient for MI diagnosis requiring serial cTn measurements and is inaccurate for MI subtype identification. Advanced bioanalytical platforms commonly rely on materials with tailored structure and composition. Here, we construct porous PtAu alloys to effectively extract serum metabolic fingerprints (SMFs) via laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS), achieving accurate diagnosis and classification of MI by machine learning of SMFs. The PtAu alloys demonstrate enhanced metabolite detection, superior to the monometallic nanoparticles and organic matrix. It is attributed to the porous structure, enhanced photocurrent response, electromagnetic field, and photothermal conversion. Machine learning of SMFs yields diagnostic models with the area under curves (AUCs) of 0.941–1 for 604 subjects from multiple centers in a serum test, overcoming the clinical inefficiency for serial cTn measurements. In particular, our platform achieves accurate discrimination among patients with type 1 MI, type 2 MI, and myocardial injury, with a maximum AUC of 0.905, outperforming the cTn biomarker. Notably, the diagnosis and classification for MI can be finished within ∼30 min. Our platform has the potential to reduce time spent in the emergency department and improve treatment for MI.
{"title":"Plasmonic alloys enhance metabolic fingerprints for rapid diagnosis and classification of myocardial infarction","authors":"Ziyue Zhang , Yong Li , Ruimin Wang , Shouzhi Yang , Peng Li , Kun Zhao , Yang Gu , Kexin Meng , Jinshuang Li , Jun Pu , Xiaoxiang Yan , Sai Gu , Haiyang Su , Xiangqing Kong , Kun Qian","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102702","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102702","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although cardiac troponin (cTn) is a recommended clinical biomarker of myocardial infarction (MI), it is inefficient for MI diagnosis requiring serial cTn measurements and is inaccurate for MI subtype identification. Advanced bioanalytical platforms commonly rely on materials with tailored structure and composition. Here, we construct porous PtAu alloys to effectively extract serum metabolic fingerprints (SMFs) via laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS), achieving accurate diagnosis and classification of MI by machine learning of SMFs. The PtAu alloys demonstrate enhanced metabolite detection, superior to the monometallic nanoparticles and organic matrix. It is attributed to the porous structure, enhanced photocurrent response, electromagnetic field, and photothermal conversion. Machine learning of SMFs yields diagnostic models with the area under curves (AUCs) of 0.941–1 for 604 subjects from multiple centers in a serum test, overcoming the clinical inefficiency for serial cTn measurements. In particular, our platform achieves accurate discrimination among patients with type 1 MI, type 2 MI, and myocardial injury, with a maximum AUC of 0.905, outperforming the cTn biomarker. Notably, the diagnosis and classification for MI can be finished within ∼30 min. Our platform has the potential to reduce time spent in the emergency department and improve treatment for MI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102702"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-10DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102706
Lin Fan , Chengsong Wang , Yushen Tian , Doudou Lou , Qianli Ma , Ning Gu
As an emerging application of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is considered a promising and competitive medical imaging technology. However, MPI is still in its infancy and most proposed devices require large amounts of power and occupy a significant physical footprint, hence miniaturization and energy reduction have been one of the research emphases and a crucial driving force for clinical translation. This review focuses on the novel technologies and design philosophies that lead to simplification, integration, reduced costs, and improved energy efficiency in MPI systems, including internal optimization strategies based on advanced electromagnetic modules development, integration optimization strategies orienting multifunctional and multimodal diagnostic and therapeutic equipment, and systematic optimization strategies that incorporate interdisciplinary approaches such as superconductivity and nanotechnology. Among those, internal design is the foundation, for instance, refining magnetic field designs, integrating various functional modules, and introducing advanced electromagnetic materials. From the perspective of reducing the overall size and energy consumption of medical equipment, MPI can be integrated with other diagnostic and therapeutic technologies, which not only fosters advanced methods but also saves on development and operational costs. Furthermore, the interdisciplinary approaches provide more effective solutions, that high-performed magnetic tracers and signal processing algorithms contribute to a lowered dependence on large-scale functional modules and strong-electromagnetic fields. This review offers a systematic and specialized discussion on the miniaturization and low energy consumption approaches, as well as a fresh perspective on the development status of MPI.
{"title":"Miniaturization and low energy consumption approach to magnetic particle imaging","authors":"Lin Fan , Chengsong Wang , Yushen Tian , Doudou Lou , Qianli Ma , Ning Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102706","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102706","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As an emerging application of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, magnetic particle imaging (MPI) is considered a promising and competitive medical imaging technology. However, MPI is still in its infancy and most proposed devices require large amounts of power and occupy a significant physical footprint, hence miniaturization and energy reduction have been one of the research emphases and a crucial driving force for clinical translation. This review focuses on the novel technologies and design philosophies that lead to simplification, integration, reduced costs, and improved energy efficiency in MPI systems, including internal optimization strategies based on advanced electromagnetic modules development, integration optimization strategies orienting multifunctional and multimodal diagnostic and therapeutic equipment, and systematic optimization strategies that incorporate interdisciplinary approaches such as superconductivity and nanotechnology. Among those, internal design is the foundation, for instance, refining magnetic field designs, integrating various functional modules, and introducing advanced electromagnetic materials. From the perspective of reducing the overall size and energy consumption of medical equipment, MPI can be integrated with other diagnostic and therapeutic technologies, which not only fosters advanced methods but also saves on development and operational costs. Furthermore, the interdisciplinary approaches provide more effective solutions, that high-performed magnetic tracers and signal processing algorithms contribute to a lowered dependence on large-scale functional modules and strong-electromagnetic fields. This review offers a systematic and specialized discussion on the miniaturization and low energy consumption approaches, as well as a fresh perspective on the development status of MPI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102706"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecular targeted therapy has revolutionized the clinical practice for various cancer patients. The therapeutic benefits vary greatly due to low bioavailability, insufficient accessibility on targets, and presence of intrinsic and acquired resistance. Restrained by additional blood-brain barrier (BBB), treatments of small molecule inhibitors in brain tumors have made less progress. Here, we find that ApoE peptide-decorated nanomicelles (ApoE-PM) based on phenylboronic acid-functionalized polypeptide mediate efficient co-delivery of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) and B-cell lymphoma-2/xL (BCL-2/xL) inhibitors to brain tumor. Nanomicelles exhibit exceptional stability, proportional co-loading and responsive release of small molecule inhibitors with diverse properties and molecular targets, by exploiting the B-N coordination and π-π stacking between phenylboronic acid groups and drugs. Notably, micelles decorated with ApoE peptide on the surface and loaded with volasertib and navitoclax at a weight ratio of 1/1 (ApoE-PMVN) reveals proficient BBB crossing, efficient internalization and strong synergistic antiproliferation effect in GL261 cells. In mice bearing orthotopic GL261 glioblastoma (GBM) model, ApoE-PMVN affords significant growth inhibition and markedly improved survival time via synergistic inhibition of PLK1, BCL-2/xL and myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1) targets. PM provides a versatile strategy for co-delivery of small molecule inhibitors, offering a potential for synergistic therapy of brain tumors.
{"title":"Polypeptide nanomicelles co-deliver PLK1 and BCL-2/xL inhibitors for synergetic therapy of brain tumor","authors":"Yueyue Zhang , Xiaofei Zhao , Xin Wang, Siyu Wang, Zhiyuan Zhong, Chao Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecular targeted therapy has revolutionized the clinical practice for various cancer patients. The therapeutic benefits vary greatly due to low bioavailability, insufficient accessibility on targets, and presence of intrinsic and acquired resistance. Restrained by additional blood-brain barrier (BBB), treatments of small molecule inhibitors in brain tumors have made less progress. Here, we find that ApoE peptide-decorated nanomicelles (ApoE-PM) based on phenylboronic acid-functionalized polypeptide mediate efficient co-delivery of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) and B-cell lymphoma-2/xL (BCL-2/xL) inhibitors to brain tumor. Nanomicelles exhibit exceptional stability, proportional co-loading and responsive release of small molecule inhibitors with diverse properties and molecular targets, by exploiting the B-N coordination and π-π stacking between phenylboronic acid groups and drugs. Notably, micelles decorated with ApoE peptide on the surface and loaded with volasertib and navitoclax at a weight ratio of 1/1 (ApoE-PMVN) reveals proficient BBB crossing, efficient internalization and strong synergistic antiproliferation effect in GL261 cells. In mice bearing orthotopic GL261 glioblastoma (GBM) model, ApoE-PMVN affords significant growth inhibition and markedly improved survival time via synergistic inhibition of PLK1, BCL-2/xL and myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1) targets. PM provides a versatile strategy for co-delivery of small molecule inhibitors, offering a potential for synergistic therapy of brain tumors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102712"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-10DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102705
Yong Jiang , Zhong Liang , Hao Fu , Guangtong Hai , Yaping Du
Rare earth oxides (REOs) hold a pivotal position in enhancing electrocatalytic performance, yet the comprehension of their underlying mechanisms poses significant challenges. In this study, REOs loaded with a ternary alloy, abundant in oxygen vacancies, were synthesized through a one-pot reduction method and exhibited remarkable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. The interaction at the interface between Fe0.3NiCo and CeO2 induced substantial lattice distortion and modulated the oxygen vacancy concentration within the REOs. A unique electron transport channel, incorporating transition metal (3d) -oxygen vacancy (Vo) -rare earth (4 f) elements, was constructed at the interface, significantly boosting the OER activity of NiCo-CeO2. Notably, a current density of 10 mA cm−2 was achieved at a low overpotential of 151 mV. Comprehensive characterizations revealed that the interplay between the alloy and REOs regulated the oxygen vacancy concentration of the latter. In-situ attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) further confirmed that REOs facilitated the adsorption of O2/-OH, thereby enhancing OER activity. Theoretical calculations also indicated that oxygen vacancies effectively shifted the d and f band centers near the Fermi level, promoting d-f electron exchange and ensuring efficient electron transfer. This study offers a novel perspective for the development of efficient RE-based catalysts.
{"title":"Utilizing oxygen vacancies in cerium oxide to narrow the gap between d and f band centers for efficient alkaline water oxidation","authors":"Yong Jiang , Zhong Liang , Hao Fu , Guangtong Hai , Yaping Du","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rare earth oxides (REOs) hold a pivotal position in enhancing electrocatalytic performance, yet the comprehension of their underlying mechanisms poses significant challenges. In this study, REOs loaded with a ternary alloy, abundant in oxygen vacancies, were synthesized through a one-pot reduction method and exhibited remarkable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity. The interaction at the interface between Fe<sub>0.3</sub>NiCo and CeO<sub>2</sub> induced substantial lattice distortion and modulated the oxygen vacancy concentration within the REOs. A unique electron transport channel, incorporating transition metal (3d) -oxygen vacancy (Vo) -rare earth (4 f) elements, was constructed at the interface, significantly boosting the OER activity of NiCo-CeO<sub>2</sub>. Notably, a current density of 10 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> was achieved at a low overpotential of 151 mV. Comprehensive characterizations revealed that the interplay between the alloy and REOs regulated the oxygen vacancy concentration of the latter. <em>In-situ</em> attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy (ATR-IR) further confirmed that REOs facilitated the adsorption of O<sub>2</sub>/-OH, thereby enhancing OER activity. Theoretical calculations also indicated that oxygen vacancies effectively shifted the d and f band centers near the Fermi level, promoting d-f electron exchange and ensuring efficient electron transfer. This study offers a novel perspective for the development of efficient RE-based catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102705"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143576693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanometer-scale magnetic skyrmions and antiskyrmions exhibit unique dynamical behaviors in response to external stimuli, which are critical for their applications in low-power-consumption spintronic devices. This review discusses recent advancements in in-situ Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (L-TEM) observations of skyrmion and antiskyrmion dynamics, and demonstrates the manipulation and evolution of these textures in various magnetic materials under electric, magnetic, and thermal stimuli. Specifically, the motion tracking of single skyrmions and their clusters, and the deformation and transformation of skyrmions has been demonstrated in chiral helimagnets FeGe, Co9Zn9Mn2, and Co10Zn10 with precise application of electric currents. Skyrmions can undergo dynamic transitions in current-driven skyrmion motions, from pinned states to linear flows, and even exhibit deformation into elliptical shapes, underscoring their topological robustness and dynamic flexibility. In addition, the manipulation of single antiskyrmions and antiskyrmion-lattice phases in (Fe0.63Ni0.3Pd0.07)3P with S4 symmetry is discussed, highlighting their high mobility and unique sliding capabilities along stripe domains at room temperature, facilitated by nanosecond pulsed electric currents. Finally, the temperature gradient-driven motion and topological transformation of elliptical skyrmions and antiskyrmions in this same material are investigated. The comprehensive insights gained from the L-TEM imaging technique are pivotal in advancing the design and functionality of next-generation skyrmion/antiskyrmion-based spintronic devices.
{"title":"In-situ L-TEM observations of dynamics of nanometric skyrmions and antiskyrmions","authors":"Licong Peng , Fehmi Sami Yasin , Kosuke Karube , Naoya Kanazawa , Yasujiro Taguchi , Yoshinori Tokura , Xiuzhen Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanometer-scale magnetic skyrmions and antiskyrmions exhibit unique dynamical behaviors in response to external stimuli, which are critical for their applications in low-power-consumption spintronic devices. This review discusses recent advancements in <em>in-situ</em> Lorentz transmission electron microscopy (L-TEM) observations of skyrmion and antiskyrmion dynamics, and demonstrates the manipulation and evolution of these textures in various magnetic materials under electric, magnetic, and thermal stimuli. Specifically, the motion tracking of single skyrmions and their clusters, and the deformation and transformation of skyrmions has been demonstrated in chiral helimagnets FeGe, Co<sub>9</sub>Zn<sub>9</sub>Mn<sub>2</sub>, and Co<sub>10</sub>Zn<sub>10</sub> with precise application of electric currents. Skyrmions can undergo dynamic transitions in current-driven skyrmion motions, from pinned states to linear flows, and even exhibit deformation into elliptical shapes, underscoring their topological robustness and dynamic flexibility. In addition, the manipulation of single antiskyrmions and antiskyrmion-lattice phases in (Fe<sub>0.63</sub>Ni<sub>0.3</sub>Pd<sub>0.07</sub>)<sub>3</sub>P with <em>S</em><sub>4</sub> symmetry is discussed, highlighting their high mobility and unique sliding capabilities along stripe domains at room temperature, facilitated by nanosecond pulsed electric currents. Finally, the temperature gradient-driven motion and topological transformation of elliptical skyrmions and antiskyrmions in this same material are investigated. The comprehensive insights gained from the L-TEM imaging technique are pivotal in advancing the design and functionality of next-generation skyrmion/antiskyrmion-based spintronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102698"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-05DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102688
Gang Feng , Yifan Wu , Xinzi He , Tingting Ye , Shang Chi , Xiaoxiao Ji , Jiawei Kang , Kaicheng Xu , JinFeng Zhou , Zhihui Xiang , Wei Wang , Yaping Li , Yiying Qi
Excessive friction and cellular senescence contribute to osteoarthritis (OA) development. However, synergistic treatments targeting these two causes of OA may have significant implications for OA. In this study, we propose a novel strategy for exosome delivery encapsulated an injectable and lubricated hydrogel to synchronously reduce the excessive friction and the accumulation of aged chondrocytes. A cartilage-targeting peptide HABP-PEG-COLBP was employed to achieve a stable and efficient lubrication. The zwitterions of phosphatidylcholine lipids secreted by the synovial membrane of the joint can adsorb water molecules, forming a hydrated layer around the charge. Moreover, the exosomes derived from bone marrow stem cell (BMSCs) were engineered with a chondrocyte affinity peptide (CAP) in the out membrane and si-STING in the exosome to reshape the senescence microenvironment. Furthemore, the in vivo data showed that the hydrogel/exosome delivery system successfully can alleviate the joint wear and rejuvenate chondrocytes to reverse the development of OA. The HD-T@CAP-Exos-siSTING gels can provide efficient lubrication and potentially alleviate friction-related diseases such as osteoarthritis.
Teaser
An injectable hydrogel delivering exosomes rejuvenates chondrocytes and reduces mechanical stress, presenting a potential osteoarthritis treatment strategy.
{"title":"Lubricated hydrogel with STING-inhibiting EXOs protect the osteoarthritis by suppressing the senescent microenvironment","authors":"Gang Feng , Yifan Wu , Xinzi He , Tingting Ye , Shang Chi , Xiaoxiao Ji , Jiawei Kang , Kaicheng Xu , JinFeng Zhou , Zhihui Xiang , Wei Wang , Yaping Li , Yiying Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102688","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102688","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive friction and cellular senescence contribute to osteoarthritis (OA) development. However, synergistic treatments targeting these two causes of OA may have significant implications for OA. In this study, we propose a novel strategy for exosome delivery encapsulated an injectable and lubricated hydrogel to synchronously reduce the excessive friction and the accumulation of aged chondrocytes. A cartilage-targeting peptide HABP-PEG-COLBP was employed to achieve a stable and efficient lubrication. The zwitterions of phosphatidylcholine lipids secreted by the synovial membrane of the joint can adsorb water molecules, forming a hydrated layer around the charge. Moreover, the exosomes derived from bone marrow stem cell (BMSCs) were engineered with a chondrocyte affinity peptide (CAP) in the out membrane and si-STING in the exosome to reshape the senescence microenvironment. Furthemore, the in vivo data showed that the hydrogel/exosome delivery system successfully can alleviate the joint wear and rejuvenate chondrocytes to reverse the development of OA. The HD-T@CAP-Exos-siSTING gels can provide efficient lubrication and potentially alleviate friction-related diseases such as osteoarthritis.</div></div><div><h3>Teaser</h3><div>An injectable hydrogel delivering exosomes rejuvenates chondrocytes and reduces mechanical stress, presenting a potential osteoarthritis treatment strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102688"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143552621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102699
Zhenghao Zhang , Xingjie Hu , Yuhan Hu , Shengyi Zhang , Yinghao Ding , Xiangyang Zhang , Zhimou Yang , Zhi-Wen Hu
Oncolytic peptides have emerged as a promising oncolytic therapeutic. However, oncolytic peptides face numerous challenges when administrated systemically, including untargeted toxicity, poor bioactivity, and inadequate stability. We here present an innovative strategy to develop self-assembled supramolecular oncolytic peptides suitable for systemic intravenous administration. D2RP (Nap-GDFDFDY-RR-DKRFYVVMWKDK) comprises and significantly endows PKHB1 (DKRFYVVMWKDK; an endogenous ligand of CD47) with powerful oncolytic activities by self-assembling into positive-charged and α-helix-enriched membrane-lytic nanofibrils. Subsequently, two phosphorylated precursors of D2RP at DY4 and Y10, namely pD2RP (Nap-GDFDFpDY-RR-DKRFYVVMWKDK) and D2RpP (Nap-GDFDFDY-RR-DKRFpYVVMWKDK), respectively, are tailored to generate membrane-lytic nanofibrils in alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-responsive manner. Both pD2RP and D2RpP are biocompatible, while they preorganize into different states and proceed with varied dephosphorylation processes to generate membrane-lytic nanofibrils differing in supramolecular structures and oncolytic activities. Mechanistically, pD2RP and D2RpP remain inactive until dephosphorylated; at this point, their membrane-lytic activities are activated through structural reconfiguration upon reaching the ALP-enriched tumor lesions. When administrated intravenously, pD2RP outperforms D2RpP in tumor rejection by inducing much more potent immune cell death and evoking robust systemic anti-tumor immune responses. This study provides a new paradigm for tailoring supramolecular oncolytic peptides for systemic intravenous administration and a valuable strategy for optimizing their anti-tumor efficacy.
{"title":"An enzyme-activated and structural transformable supramolecular oncolytic peptide for efficient cancer immunotherapy through systemic administration","authors":"Zhenghao Zhang , Xingjie Hu , Yuhan Hu , Shengyi Zhang , Yinghao Ding , Xiangyang Zhang , Zhimou Yang , Zhi-Wen Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oncolytic peptides have emerged as a promising oncolytic therapeutic. However, oncolytic peptides face numerous challenges when administrated systemically, including untargeted toxicity, poor bioactivity, and inadequate stability. We here present an innovative strategy to develop self-assembled supramolecular oncolytic peptides suitable for systemic intravenous administration. D2RP (Nap-G<sup>D</sup>F<sup>D</sup>F<sup>D</sup>Y-RR-<sup>D</sup>KRFYVVMWK<sup>D</sup>K) comprises and significantly endows PKHB1 (<sup>D</sup>KRFYVVMWK<sup>D</sup>K; an endogenous ligand of CD47) with powerful oncolytic activities by self-assembling into positive-charged and α-helix-enriched membrane-lytic nanofibrils. Subsequently, two phosphorylated precursors of D2RP at <sup>D</sup>Y4 and Y10, namely pD2RP (Nap-G<sup>D</sup>F<sup>D</sup>Fp<sup>D</sup>Y-RR-<sup>D</sup>KRFYVVMWK<sup>D</sup>K) and D2RpP (Nap-G<sup>D</sup>F<sup>D</sup>F<sup>D</sup>Y-RR-<sup>D</sup>KRFpYVVMWK<sup>D</sup>K), respectively, are tailored to generate membrane-lytic nanofibrils in alkaline phosphatase (ALP)-responsive manner. Both pD2RP and D2RpP are biocompatible, while they preorganize into different states and proceed with varied dephosphorylation processes to generate membrane-lytic nanofibrils differing in supramolecular structures and oncolytic activities. Mechanistically, pD2RP and D2RpP remain inactive until dephosphorylated; at this point, their membrane-lytic activities are activated through structural reconfiguration upon reaching the ALP-enriched tumor lesions. When administrated intravenously, pD2RP outperforms D2RpP in tumor rejection by inducing much more potent immune cell death and evoking robust systemic anti-tumor immune responses. This study provides a new paradigm for tailoring supramolecular oncolytic peptides for systemic intravenous administration and a valuable strategy for optimizing their anti-tumor efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102699"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143534376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-03-03DOI: 10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102692
Ting Liu , Shuya Pan , Qingfeng Zhou , Ziyi Yang , Zihan Zhang , Hejing Liu , Lizhen He , Jingyuan Lan , Ying Hua , Tianfeng Chen , Xueqiong Zhu
Cervical cancer remains the one of the most frequent malignant tumors in women around the world. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a prevalent treatment for advanced cervical cancer, but it has significant side effects that necessitate drug-free periods during treatment cycles. Unfortunately, tumors often relapse during these intervals, highlighting the need for strategies to prevent recurrence. In the present study, the biological changes in cervical cancer cells following the withdrawal of cisplatin chemotherapy were investigated. Afterwards, the application of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) modified with lentinan (LNT) to address tumor recurrence during these drug-free periods was explored. Specifically, in vitro experiments demonstrated that SeNPs@LNT effectively inhibited tumor recurrence by promoting DNA damage, inducing apoptosis, and disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, in vivo experiments showed that SeNPs@LNT had a strong antitumor effect on cervical cancer during the drug-free period. It also remarkable that SeNPs@LNT might prevent the development of drug resistance by suppressing the expression of the ABC transporter and VEGF. Our findings suggest that SeNPs@LNT is a promising candidate for maintaining chemotherapy efficacy during the drug-free intervals of cisplatin treatment.
{"title":"Selenium nanoparticles restrain recurrence of cervical cancer in drug-free period by inhibiting the expression of ABC transporters","authors":"Ting Liu , Shuya Pan , Qingfeng Zhou , Ziyi Yang , Zihan Zhang , Hejing Liu , Lizhen He , Jingyuan Lan , Ying Hua , Tianfeng Chen , Xueqiong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102692","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nantod.2025.102692","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cervical cancer remains the one of the most frequent malignant tumors in women around the world. Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a prevalent treatment for advanced cervical cancer, but it has significant side effects that necessitate drug-free periods during treatment cycles. Unfortunately, tumors often relapse during these intervals, highlighting the need for strategies to prevent recurrence. In the present study, the biological changes in cervical cancer cells following the withdrawal of cisplatin chemotherapy were investigated. Afterwards, the application of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) modified with lentinan (LNT) to address tumor recurrence during these drug-free periods was explored. Specifically, <em>in vitro</em> experiments demonstrated that SeNPs@LNT effectively inhibited tumor recurrence by promoting DNA damage, inducing apoptosis, and disrupting mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally, <em>in vivo</em> experiments showed that SeNPs@LNT had a strong antitumor effect on cervical cancer during the drug-free period. It also remarkable that SeNPs@LNT might prevent the development of drug resistance by suppressing the expression of the ABC transporter and VEGF. Our findings suggest that SeNPs@LNT is a promising candidate for maintaining chemotherapy efficacy during the drug-free intervals of cisplatin treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":395,"journal":{"name":"Nano Today","volume":"62 ","pages":"Article 102692"},"PeriodicalIF":13.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143528976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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